[go: up one dir, main page]

JP3707985B2 - Alkali metal salt electrolytic cell - Google Patents

Alkali metal salt electrolytic cell Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP3707985B2
JP3707985B2 JP2000080117A JP2000080117A JP3707985B2 JP 3707985 B2 JP3707985 B2 JP 3707985B2 JP 2000080117 A JP2000080117 A JP 2000080117A JP 2000080117 A JP2000080117 A JP 2000080117A JP 3707985 B2 JP3707985 B2 JP 3707985B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
electrolytic cell
elastic mat
electrode
alkali metal
exchange membrane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP2000080117A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2001262387A (en
Inventor
健二 青木
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tokuyama Corp
Original Assignee
Tokuyama Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tokuyama Corp filed Critical Tokuyama Corp
Priority to JP2000080117A priority Critical patent/JP3707985B2/en
Publication of JP2001262387A publication Critical patent/JP2001262387A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3707985B2 publication Critical patent/JP3707985B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、陽イオン交換膜を隔膜として用いるアルカリ金属塩、特に塩化ナトリウム等の電解に用いられるイオン交換膜電解槽に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、アルカリ金属塩水溶液の電解による水酸化アルカリ金属の製造、特に塩化ナトリウム水溶液の電解により、水酸化ナトリウム及び塩素を製造する方法として、陽イオン交換膜を挟んで、陽極室と陰極室とで構成され、陽極室には陽極を、陰極室には陰極をそれぞれ存在させ、陽極室にアルカリ金属塩水溶液を、また陰極室にアルカリ金属水酸化物水溶液を満たして、両電極間に直流電流を通し、電解を行う方法及びそれに用いられるイオン交換膜電解槽は、周知である。
【0003】
アルカリ金属塩(以下塩化ナトリウムを代表として説明するが、その他のアルカリ金属塩に対しても、当業者は、容易に適用し得るものである)の電解にあっては、理論上、理論分解電圧をかけることにより、所謂ファラデーの法則に従って、消費した電力に相当する水酸化ナトリウム、塩素及び水素が得られる。しかしながら、一般に電極の過電圧、イオン交換膜の電気抵抗、電極間に存在する塩化ナトリウム水溶液や水酸化ナトリウム水溶液の電気抵抗等により、電極間電圧の上昇を来し、電力の損失を生じる。
【0004】
そこで、電極やイオン交換膜の改良が種々行われているが、併せて電極間距離を小さくする試みも種々なされており、陽・陰両電極で薄い固体電解質膜を実質的に挟持させた形の電解槽、所謂ゼロギャップ電解槽も提案されている。本発明も、ゼロギャップ電解槽の改良に係る発明である。
【0005】
ゼロギャップ電解槽にあっては、陽イオン交換膜を挟持する少なくとも一方の部材に弾力を持たせ、陽イオン交換膜の破損につながる応力を吸収しようとする試みがなされ、特公昭63−53272号、特公平5−34434号、特開昭57−85981号等が提案されている。
【0006】
これらの提案のうち、例えば特公昭63−53272号による発明にあっては、イオン交換膜を挟んで存在する電極のうち、一方は、比較的剛性の大きい粗目スクリーン電極とし、他方の電極は可撓性或いは柔軟性を有する薄い多孔板電極とすること及び該薄い多孔板電極の裏側に、圧縮時の1.5倍以上の体積を有する弾力的圧縮性マット(以下弾性マットともいう)を給電体として設け、該マットの弾性によりスクリーン電極を陽イオン交換膜側に押し付ける構造が示され、該マットは金属ワイヤーからなる一連の螺旋状コイルの織物を用いることが提案されている。
【0007】
同様に、特公平5−34434号に記載の発明は、陽・陰両電極のうち、一方の電極として、一ヶ所の孔の面積が0.05〜1.0mm2の多数の孔を有し、且つ開孔率が20%以上の多孔体電極面が、直径0.1〜1mmのワイヤーの集合体よりなる空隙率30%以上の集電体によって裏打ちされたイオン交換膜法アルカリ金属塩電解の電解槽を提案している。
【0008】
又、特開昭57−85981号公報には、陽イオン交換膜の少なくとも一方の表面に電極活性を持たない多孔質層を設け、この多孔質層付着陽イオン交換膜を少なくとも一方は可撓性電極である両電極間に挟み、該可撓性電極はクッション性を有する導電性支持体で支持する構造の電解槽が開示されている。
【0009】
これらの構造のゼロギャップ電解槽は比較的構造上の電力損失はなく、有効であるが、アルカリ金属塩の電解にあっては、電解時に多くの気泡を生じるため、柔軟な可撓性多孔板電極及び陽イオン交換膜を振動させるため、剛性の大きいスクリーン電極と可撓性多孔板電極との間に挟持されている陽イオン交換膜表面は電極との間の摩擦により削られ劣化するという問題があった。
【0010】
このため、ゼロギャップ電解槽における残された課題の一つは、長期間の運転においてイオン交換膜の劣化を回避し、電流効率を低下させないという技術を開発することである。
【0011】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明者らは、ゼロギャップ電解槽におけるイオン交換膜の耐久性について種々検討を行ない、イオン交換膜を挟持する圧力の影響が大きいことを確認し、弾性マットに使用するワイヤーの線径を小さくすることでイオン交換膜の狭持圧力を低下させ、膜の劣化が防止できることを確認した。
【0012】
すなわち、弾性マットを構成するワイヤーの線径を0.02〜0.15mm軟鉄線とし、これらを複数本まとめてメリヤス織りとして、クリンプ加工し、更にヘリボーン模様を施すなどによって、50%圧縮変形時の反発力が30〜50g/cm2で、且つ20%圧縮変形時の反発力が10〜30g/cm2の弾性マットとすることにより、陽イオン交換膜の劣化が少なく、長期間の運転に適する電解槽を開発し、提案した(特願平10−350956号)。
【0013】
しかしながら、一般に、上記弾性マットはメッシュデミスターとして、製造されるものに類似しており、その製造方法は、線径の細い金属細線を数本束ねて筒状にメリヤス織りしたものを、表面が波型成形面に形成されている上下一対の成形ロールで挟み凹凸状のクリンプ並びにヘリボーン模様を賦形するものである。ここで使用する金属細線については、イオン交換膜の挟持圧力を30〜50g/cm2に保つため、線径0.02〜0.15mmを2〜8本線束したものが用いられることが好ましい。
【0014】
しかしながら、工業的に用いられる電解槽の通電部面積は一般に1m×2m以上にも及ぶ大面積であるため、弾性マットの均質な反発弾性を得ることが困難であり、かかる弾性マットを組込んだ電解槽は隅々にして、陽イオン交換膜の挟持圧力に斑を生じ、部分的に陽イオン交換膜の劣化を生じたり、または挟持圧力不足により部分的にゼロギャツプが達成されず、電流効率の損失を招くことがあった。
【0015】
すなわち、弾性マツトは、その端部において一般に反発弾性が小さくなり、場合によっては、圧縮力が除かれても、形状を回復しないことさえあるのである。
【0016】
このため、大型電解槽にあっては、通電面全体に弾性マットを装着するのに複数枚を用いる場合には、電解槽通電部の周辺のみならず、各弾性マットの端部で弾性の低下を生じることもあった。例えば、後述する図3に示すように電解槽通電面を2枚の弾性マットでカバーしている場合は、図3中、イで示す通電面の中央に横方向に横断して、弾性マットの端部が存在するため、弾性の劣る部分が生じることになる。
【0017】
そこで、本発明者らは、更に検討を重ね、弾性マットにおけるヘリボーン模様の形状によって、上記の如き反発弾性斑を克服し得るという知見を得た。
【0018】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち、本発明は陽極室枠と背面板とで構成された陽極室と陰極室枠と背面板とで構成された陰極室とを有し、これらの両電極室は陽イオン交換膜で区画され、陽極室には陽極が、陰極室には陰極がそれぞれ存在し且つ陽・陰両電極のうち、一方の電極は電導リブを介して背面板に固定された剛体多孔板であり、他方の電極は電極室内に装着された弾性マットの伸縮により変動可能に設置された可撓性を有する多孔板よりなり、該陽イオン交換膜は電解槽組み立て時に圧縮される弾性マットの反発弾性によって両電極間に挟持される構造の電解槽において、該弾性マットは線径0.02〜0.15mmの金属線を用いた織物よりなり、該織物はクリンプ加工され更に山形のヘリボーン模様が賦形されており、各ヘリボーン模様は一枚の織物につき2〜9回、120〜160°の角度で変曲していることを特徴とするアルカリ金属塩電解槽である。
【0019】
また、本発明の特徴の一つは、上記の可撓性電極として一つの孔の面積が0.05〜1mm2の多数の孔よりなる開孔率が20%以上の厚さ0.15〜1mmの多孔板であり、該多孔板が存在する電極室は、背面板からリブによって支えられ間隙をもって該背面板に平行に設けられた剛体多孔板よりなる集電板と前記可撓性電極との間に弾性マットが存在する構造よりなることにある。
【0020】
しかしながら、本発明の最大の特徴は、弾性マットのヘリボーン模様の形状にある。すなわち、1枚の弾性マットに賦形される山形のヘリボーン模様は、少なくとも1.5個(ヘリボーン模様の変曲点の数として、少なくとも2個)存在すること及びその変曲の角度は、120〜160°とすることにある。
【0021】
更に好ましくは、ヘリボーン模様の変曲点間の長さは、50〜500mm、特に好ましくは100〜200mmとすることである。かかる弾性マットは、一般にメリヤス織りの織物よりなり、好ましくは、該織物を2〜6枚重ねて構成することである。
【0022】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明は、ゼロギャップ電解槽であって、特に陽極又は陰極のうち、一方の電極は、電解槽の運転条件下で実質的に変形しない剛性を有するメッシュ板(剛体多孔板)である。これは、一般に、チタン製などのエキスパンドメタルや、それをロール掛けして、平坦化したもの或いはパンチドメタルなどが用いられる。多くの場合、白金族金属やその酸化物又はそれらとチタニウム、ジルコニウムなどの酸化物との混合物などの活性物質をコートして、陽極として用いる。
【0023】
また他方の電極は、電解条件下で可撓性を有する柔軟な0.15〜1mmの薄い多孔板であり、一般に軟鉄やニッケル或いはそれらの表面に公知の陰極活性物質をコートした金網やパンチドメタルなどよりなり、陰極として用いる。更に本発明の対象となる電解槽は、該可撓性多孔板電極を背後から軟鉄線やニッケル線で構成される弾性マットの弾力により前方(陽イオン交換膜側)へ押し出す構造である。電解槽が組み立てられた状態では、該弾性マットは圧縮され、その反発力で陽イオン交換膜は、陽極と陰極との間で挟持された形態となる。
【0024】
次に、弾性マットは背面隔壁に至るまで充填された状態とすることもできるが、一般には背面板との間に空間を形成するように陰極集電板を設ける。好ましくは、電極室を構成する背面板との間に間隙を持たせて、該背面板に実質的に平行に設置された剛体多孔板などで構成される集電板によって、背後から支えられている。本発明の上記構造は、すでに示した特公昭63−53272号、特公平5−34434号、特開昭57−53272号各公報などにも示されている公知の構造が何ら制限なく採用することができる。
【0025】
図1に本発明の電解槽における電解槽ユニットの一例の断面図を示す。1は電極室枠(陽極室枠とし、以下この例による)2は電極室枠(陰極室枠とし、以下この例による)、3は背面板、4は陽極室リブ、5は陽極、6は陽極室側のパッキン、7は陽イオン交換膜である。かくして、単位陽極室Aが構成されている。また8は背面板であり、剛体多孔板の集電板9がリブ10により背面板8から間隙を持って平行に設けられている。弾性マット11は、可撓性多孔板陰極12との間に装着されており、その弾力により陰極12を前方に押し出す力をあたえる。
【0026】
該押し出しの力は、弾性マットを一般に複数枚、例えば2〜6枚重ね合わせることによって形成され、電解槽を組み立た状態で該マットは30〜60%、好ましくは40〜50%圧縮され陽イオン交換膜に与える力は20〜60g/cm2、好ましくは30〜40g/cm2程度とする。かくして、陽イオン交換膜7と共に陰極室Bが構成される。
【0027】
なお、13は陰極室側パッキンであり、14は陽極室枠1と一体となる隣の単位電解槽の陰極室枠であり、15は陰極室枠2と一体となる隣の単位電解槽の陽極室枠である。上記構造は、所謂バイポーラ電解槽として説明されているが、勿論モノポーラ電解槽であっても、単位電解槽の基本的構造は、ほぼ同じであり、本発明がバイポーラ電解槽に限られるものではない。
【0028】
本発明の最大の特徴は、弾性マットの形状にある。弾性マットの材質としては、当然電気的に良導体であることも重要である。更に用いられる環境下に耐え得る材質でなければならない。
【0029】
即ち、弾性マットを構成する材質は、靭性が大きく電気良導体で且つ強アルカリ性環境に耐え得るものが好ましい。金属は一般に電気良導体で且つ靭性も比較的大きい。そこで、軟鋼やニッケル或いはニッケル合金が一応好適な材質ということができる。該弾性マットは、好ましくは線径が0.02〜0.15mmの前記の金属線、好ましくは、0.05〜0.09mmの金属線2〜8本からなる線束を用いて、織成する。
【0030】
好ましい織方はメリヤス織りであり、その場合の目開きは3〜7mmである。すなわち、メリヤス織りの場合、2mm以下では弾性マットとして、電極室に装着した場合、電解時に発生する気体の抜けが悪くなり、7mm以上になると弾力性が低下する傾向となる。
【0031】
また、上記織物は、次いで、クリンプ加工を施されるが、クリンプの山−谷の高さは5〜20mm程度がよく、ピッチは10〜30mm程度でよい。該織物のクリンプは、山形のヘリボーン模様の列として賦形される。その山形は、一枚の織物につき1.5個以上形成することが必要である。従って、ヘリボーン模様における変曲点は、少なくとも2個存在することになる。また、変曲点の数があまり多いと、弾性マツトとして、電極室内に装着すると、気体の抜けが悪くなるため、一般に2〜9個程度が好ましい。
【0032】
更に変曲の角度も重要であり、120〜160°の範囲とする必要がある。更に好ましくは、変曲点間の長さは50〜500mm特に好ましくは100〜200mmとすべきであり、前記角度と該変曲点間の長さとの関係は、変曲角度が大きい程、変曲点間長さは短くするのが、得られる弾性マットの形状を保つ上で、また弾性を保つ上で好ましい。一般的には変曲角度160°であれば、変曲間の長さは100mm以下、120°であれば500mm以下が目安となる。
【0033】
以上の説明は図2を参考にすれば容易に理解される。図2は、太い線で示されるように弾性マット1枚に2個の山形ヘリボーン模様を賦形した例である。
【0034】
図3は、本発明の特徴を更に説明するために、弾性マットが装着された電極室、例えば陰極室を陽イオン交換膜を除いて示した図である(但し、陰極は一部のみ示す)。2は陰極室枠、12は陰極、11及び11'は弾性マットを、それぞれ示す。図3に示すとおり、弾性マット11及び11'は単位電解槽の通電面のほぼ全面をカバーするように装着されている。
【0035】
一般に工業的電解槽の通電面は広く、高さが1メートル以上もあるため、弾性マットは、その製作上複数枚用いる。本例では、1枚に変曲点が3個ある弾性マットを11、11’の如く2枚用いた例であるが、一般に該弾性マットの幅は30〜100cm程度であるから、その幅に応じた枚数を用いることになる。また織物の長さは、一般に自由に設定し得るため、単位電解槽の横幅に見合って設定すればよい。勿論短いマットを複数枚横方向に並べて用いることもできるが、それによるメリットは特にない。また電極室内で気体が発生するが、該気体の上昇を容易にする意味から、弾性マットのヘリボーン模様の向きは、図3に示す如く、縦方向になるよう装着するのが好ましい。
【0036】
以下実施例及び比較例により、本発明を更に具体的に説明する。
【0037】
【実施例】
断面が図1に示す構造である電解槽を用いて、塩化ナトリウムの電解を行った。通電部となる室枠の開口部(通電部)は、縦116cm、横238cmの大きさで、電極室内の厚みは4cmであった。又、かかる電解槽の陽極室の電導リブは14cm間隔で24枚設置した。使用する陽極はチタン製のパンチドメタルに活性物質を被服したものを用いた。陰極については、線径0.15mm、開孔率68%、孔の面積0.49mm2のニッケルにNi3SN2の合金メッキしたものを使用した。
【0038】
弾性マットとしては、ニッケル製の線径0.08mm、本数4本の線束を網目4×4mmで袋状にメリヤス織りし、表面が波型成形面に形成されている上下一対の賦形ロールにより、クリンプ列で、ピッチは14mm、山谷の高さは9mmで、袋を潰したときの幅580mmの間にヘリボーン模様の変曲点間の長さが145mmで3回変曲させる。このときの変曲角度120°となるものを、2枚重ねて用い、電解槽を組み立てた状態では、初期高さの50%まで圧縮させて使用した。このときの平均圧縮反発圧は50g/cm2であった。なお、電解槽には、この弾性マットを縦方向に2枚セットした。又、陽イオン交換膜はナフィオンN−981(デュポン社製)を用いた。
【0039】
以上の構造の電解槽による電解は、電流密度40A/dm2、電解温度85℃、苛性ソーダ濃度32wt%、塩水濃度195g/l、陽極室内圧8KPa、陰極室内圧11KPaで、2年運転した。この電解における性能は、電圧2.90v、電流効率は、初期97%が2年後で96.5%であった。電解後の膜は、膜全体が着色しており、陰極と膜が完全に接触していることが確認された。又、室枠周辺部でのブリスター発生もなかった。
【0040】
【比較例】
実施例1と同じ仕様の電極室であるが、弾性マットとしては、ニッケル製の線径0.08mm、本数4本を網目4×4のメリヤス織りしたものを袋状にし、表面が波型成形面に形成されている上下一対の成形ロールに送り、クリンプ列で、ピッチは14mm、山谷の高さは9mm、幅580mmのもので、山形のヘリボーン模様が1個だけのもので、その変曲角度が120°野ものを使用した。電解槽には、この弾性マットを2枚重ねて縦方向に2枚セットした。実施例1と同様に組み立てた状態で50%圧縮となり、平均反発弾性は50g/cm2とした。陽イオン交換膜は、ナフィオンN−981(デュポン社製)を用いた。
【0041】
以上の構造の電解槽による電解は、電流密度40A/dm2、電解温度85℃、苛性濃度32wt%、塩水濃度195g/l、陽極室内圧8KPa、陰極室内圧11KPaで、2年運転した。この電解における性能は、電圧2.92v、電流効率は、初期97%が2年後で95.5%であった。電解後の膜は、中央部の着色がない事から、弾性マットでの押付けが不十分である事が確認された。又、イオン交換膜の上下部には、所々ブリスターが発生し、一部はピンホールになっていた。これは、弾性マットの端部の高さが低いため、絶縁フィルムでの電流遮断が不十分なため起こった。
【0042】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、アルカリ金属塩の電解に用いるゼロギャップ電解槽において、一方の電極を支える弾性マットに特定の山形ヘリボーン模様を賦形することにより通電面全域に亘って陽イオン交換膜を挟持する圧力斑を実質的になくし、もって陽イオン交換膜の劣化を回避し、延いては長期間の安定した運転を行うことを可能にするものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】は、本発明のアルカリ金属塩電槽の単位電解槽の断面図である。
【図2】は、本発明を説明するための弾性マットの図である。
【図3】は、本発明の弾性マットを装着した状態を説明する図である。
【符号の説明】
1 陽極室枠
2 陰極室枠
3,8 背面板
4 電導リブ
5 陽極
6 パッキン
7 陽イオン交換膜
9 集電板
10 電導リブ
11 弾性マット
12 陰極
13 パッキン
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an ion exchange membrane electrolytic cell used for electrolysis of an alkali metal salt, particularly sodium chloride, using a cation exchange membrane as a diaphragm.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a method of producing sodium hydroxide and chlorine by electrolysis of an alkali metal salt aqueous solution, particularly by electrolysis of an aqueous sodium chloride solution, a cation exchange membrane is sandwiched between an anode chamber and a cathode chamber. The anode chamber has a cathode, the cathode chamber has a cathode, the anode chamber is filled with an aqueous alkali metal salt solution, and the cathode chamber is filled with an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution. The method of conducting electrolysis and the ion exchange membrane electrolytic cell used therefor are well known.
[0003]
In the electrolysis of an alkali metal salt (which will be described below using sodium chloride as a representative, but can be easily applied to other alkali metal salts by those skilled in the art), theoretically, the theoretical decomposition voltage Is applied to obtain sodium hydroxide, chlorine and hydrogen corresponding to the consumed electric power according to the so-called Faraday's law. However, in general, an overvoltage of the electrode, an electric resistance of the ion exchange membrane, an electric resistance of an aqueous sodium chloride solution or an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution existing between the electrodes, etc. cause an increase in the interelectrode voltage, resulting in a loss of electric power.
[0004]
Therefore, various improvements have been made to the electrodes and ion exchange membranes, and various attempts have been made to reduce the distance between the electrodes, and a thin solid electrolyte membrane is substantially sandwiched between the positive and negative electrodes. A so-called zero gap electrolyzer has also been proposed. The present invention is also an invention related to the improvement of the zero gap electrolytic cell.
[0005]
In the zero-gap electrolytic cell, an attempt is made to absorb the stress that leads to breakage of the cation exchange membrane by giving elasticity to at least one member that sandwiches the cation exchange membrane. Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 63-53272 JP-B-5-34434, JP-A-57-85981 and the like have been proposed.
[0006]
Among these proposals, for example, in the invention of Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 63-53272, one of the electrodes existing with the ion exchange membrane sandwiched between them is a coarse screen electrode having relatively high rigidity, and the other electrode is acceptable. A thin perforated plate electrode having flexibility or flexibility, and an elastic compressible mat (hereinafter also referred to as an elastic mat) having a volume 1.5 times or more than that of compression is fed to the back side of the thin perforated plate electrode. A structure is shown in which the screen electrode is pressed against the cation exchange membrane side due to the elasticity of the mat, and it has been proposed to use a series of spiral coil fabrics made of metal wires.
[0007]
Similarly, the invention described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-34434 has a large number of holes each having an area of 0.05 to 1.0 mm 2 as one of the positive and negative electrodes. In addition, an ion-exchange membrane method alkali metal salt electrolysis in which a porous electrode surface having a porosity of 20% or more is lined with a current collector having a porosity of 30% or more made of an assembly of wires having a diameter of 0.1 to 1 mm. An electrolytic cell is proposed.
[0008]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-85981 discloses that a porous layer having no electrode activity is provided on at least one surface of a cation exchange membrane, and at least one of the porous layer-attached cation exchange membrane is flexible. There is disclosed an electrolytic cell having a structure in which a flexible electrode is sandwiched between both electrodes, which are electrodes, and the flexible electrode is supported by a conductive support having a cushioning property.
[0009]
These zero-gap electrolyzers are effective with relatively little structural power loss, but in the electrolysis of alkali metal salts, many bubbles are generated during electrolysis, so a flexible flexible porous plate In order to vibrate the electrode and the cation exchange membrane, the surface of the cation exchange membrane sandwiched between the screen electrode having high rigidity and the flexible porous plate electrode is scraped and deteriorated due to friction with the electrode. was there.
[0010]
For this reason, one of the remaining problems in the zero gap electrolytic cell is to develop a technique that avoids the deterioration of the ion exchange membrane and does not lower the current efficiency in a long-term operation.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present inventors have made various studies on the durability of the ion exchange membrane in the zero gap electrolytic cell, confirmed that the influence of the pressure sandwiching the ion exchange membrane is large, and reduced the wire diameter of the wire used for the elastic mat. As a result, it was confirmed that the holding pressure of the ion exchange membrane was lowered and the membrane could be prevented from deteriorating.
[0012]
That is, the diameter of the wire constituting the elastic pad and 0.02~0.15mm soft iron wire, as weaving these plural collectively knitted, and the like crimped, further subjected to helicopter down bone pattern, compressed 50% By using an elastic mat having a repulsive force at the time of deformation of 30 to 50 g / cm 2 and a repulsive force at the time of 20% compression deformation of 10 to 30 g / cm 2 , there is little deterioration of the cation exchange membrane, and long-term An electrolytic cell suitable for operation was developed and proposed (Japanese Patent Application No. 10-350956).
[0013]
However, in general, the elastic mat is similar to what is manufactured as a mesh demister, and the manufacturing method is a method in which several thin metal wires having a small diameter are bundled and knitted into a cylindrical shape, and the surface is corrugated. uneven crimp and helicopter down bone pattern sandwiched by a pair of upper and lower forming rolls which are formed on the molding surface it is to shape the. The thin metal wire used here, to keep the clamping pressure of the ion exchange membrane 30 to 50 g / cm 2, the wire diameter 0.02~0.15mm what has 2-8 main beam is preferably used.
[0014]
However, since the area of the current-carrying part of an electrolytic cell used industrially is generally a large area of 1 m × 2 m or more, it is difficult to obtain a uniform rebound resilience of the elastic mat, and such an elastic mat is incorporated. The electrolytic cell is uneven at every corner, causing unevenness in the clamping pressure of the cation exchange membrane, resulting in partial degradation of the cation exchange membrane, or partial gap gap due to insufficient clamping pressure, and achieving zero current gap. It sometimes caused a loss.
[0015]
That is, the elastic mat generally has a low rebound resilience at its end, and in some cases, even if the compressive force is removed, it may not even recover its shape.
[0016]
For this reason, in a large electrolytic cell, when multiple sheets are used to attach an elastic mat to the entire energization surface, the elasticity decreases not only at the periphery of the electrolyzer energization unit but also at the end of each elastic mat. Sometimes occurred. For example, when the electrolytic cell energizing surface is covered with two elastic mats as shown in FIG. 3 to be described later, the elastic mat is crossed laterally at the center of the energizing surface shown in FIG. Since the end portion exists, a portion having inferior elasticity is generated.
[0017]
Accordingly, the present inventors have further repeated studies, the shape of the edge emission bone pattern in the elastic mat, to obtain a finding that may overcome such resilience plaques above.
[0018]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention has an anode chamber composed of an anode chamber frame and a back plate, and a cathode chamber composed of a cathode chamber frame and a back plate, and both electrode chambers are partitioned by a cation exchange membrane. The anode chamber has an anode, the cathode chamber has a cathode, and one of the positive and negative electrodes is a rigid porous plate fixed to the back plate via a conductive rib, and the other electrode Consists of a flexible perforated plate installed so as to be variable by expansion and contraction of the elastic mat mounted in the electrode chamber, and the cation exchange membrane is formed between the two electrodes by the repulsive elasticity of the elastic mat compressed when the electrolytic cell is assembled. in the electrolytic cell structure is sandwiched, the elastic mat is made of fabric using a metal wire having a diameter of 0.02~0.15Mm, said textile is further shaped helicopters down bone pattern chevron crimped in which, each helicopter down bone pattern is of a piece 2-9 times per object, an alkali metal salt electrolytic cell characterized in that it inflection at an angle of 120 to 160 °.
[0019]
In addition, one of the features of the present invention is that the flexible electrode has a thickness of 0.15 to 20% or more of a large number of holes each having an area of 0.05 to 1 mm 2. The electrode chamber in which the porous plate exists is supported by a rib from the back plate and provided in parallel with the back plate with a gap, and the flexible electrode It has a structure in which an elastic mat exists between them.
[0020]
However, the biggest feature of the present invention, in the form of a helicopter down bone pattern of the elastic mat. That is, Yamagata helicopter down bone pattern which is shaped to a sheet of resilient mat, at least 1.5 (as the number of inflection points of the helicopter down bone pattern, at least two) of that and its inflection exists The angle is set to 120 to 160 °.
[0021]
More preferably, the length between the inflection point of the helicopter down bone pattern, 50 to 500 mm, particularly preferably be 100 to 200 mm. Such an elastic mat is generally made of a knitted fabric and is preferably formed by stacking 2 to 6 fabrics.
[0022]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a zero gap electrolytic cell, and in particular, one of the anode and the cathode is a mesh plate (rigid perforated plate) having rigidity that does not substantially deform under the operating conditions of the electrolytic cell. In general, an expanded metal made of titanium or the like, a flattened one obtained by rolling it, or a punched metal is used. In many cases, an active material such as a platinum group metal or oxide thereof or a mixture thereof with an oxide such as titanium or zirconium is coated and used as an anode.
[0023]
The other electrode is a flexible 0.15 to 1 mm thin perforated plate that is flexible under electrolysis conditions. Generally, soft iron, nickel, or a metal mesh or punched metal whose surface is coated with a known cathode active material. It is made of metal and used as a cathode. Furthermore, the electrolytic cell which is the subject of the present invention has a structure in which the flexible perforated plate electrode is pushed forward (on the cation exchange membrane side) by the elasticity of an elastic mat made of soft iron wire or nickel wire. When the electrolytic cell is assembled, the elastic mat is compressed, and the cation exchange membrane is sandwiched between the anode and the cathode by the repulsive force.
[0024]
Next, the elastic mat can be filled up to the back partition, but generally a cathode current collector plate is provided so as to form a space between the back plate and the elastic mat. Preferably, it is supported from behind by a current collector plate made of a rigid perforated plate or the like disposed substantially parallel to the back plate with a gap between the back plate and the electrode plate. Yes. The above-described structure of the present invention adopts any known structure shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-53272, Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-34434, Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-53272, etc. without any limitation. Can do.
[0025]
FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an example of an electrolytic cell unit in the electrolytic cell of the present invention. 1 is an electrode chamber frame (referred to as an anode chamber frame, hereinafter referred to as this example), 2 is an electrode chamber frame (referred to as a cathode chamber frame, hereinafter referred to as this example), 3 is a back plate, 4 is an anode chamber rib, 5 is an anode, 6 is A packing 7 on the anode chamber side is a cation exchange membrane. Thus, the unit anode chamber A is configured. Reference numeral 8 denotes a back plate, and a current collector plate 9 of a rigid porous plate is provided in parallel with a gap from the back plate 8 by a rib 10. The elastic mat 11 is mounted between the flexible perforated plate cathode 12 and gives a force to push the cathode 12 forward by its elasticity.
[0026]
The extrusion force is generally formed by overlapping a plurality of elastic mats, for example, 2 to 6 sheets, and the mat is compressed by 30 to 60%, preferably 40 to 50% in a state where the electrolytic cell is assembled. The force applied to the exchange membrane is 20 to 60 g / cm 2 , preferably about 30 to 40 g / cm 2 . Thus, the cathode chamber B is configured together with the cation exchange membrane 7.
[0027]
13 is a cathode chamber side packing, 14 is a cathode chamber frame of an adjacent unit electrolytic cell integrated with the anode chamber frame 1, and 15 is an anode of an adjacent unit electrolytic cell integrated with the cathode chamber frame 2. It is a room frame. The above-described structure has been described as a so-called bipolar electrolytic cell. Of course, even if it is a monopolar electrolytic cell, the basic structure of the unit electrolytic cell is almost the same, and the present invention is not limited to the bipolar electrolytic cell. .
[0028]
The greatest feature of the present invention is the shape of the elastic mat. As a material of the elastic mat, it is of course important that it is an electrically good conductor. Furthermore, the material must be able to withstand the environment in which it is used.
[0029]
That is, the material constituting the elastic mat is preferably a material that has high toughness, is a good electrical conductor, and can withstand a strong alkaline environment. Metals are generally good electrical conductors and have relatively high toughness. Therefore, mild steel, nickel or nickel alloy can be said to be a suitable material. The elastic mat is preferably woven using the above-described metal wire having a wire diameter of 0.02 to 0.15 mm, preferably a wire bundle composed of 2 to 8 metal wires having a diameter of 0.05 to 0.09 mm. .
[0030]
A preferred weaving method is a knitted weave, in which case the mesh opening is 3 to 7 mm. That is, in the case of knitted weave, when it is installed in the electrode chamber as an elastic mat if it is 2 mm or less, the escape of gas generated during electrolysis becomes worse, and when it is 7 mm or more, the elasticity tends to decrease.
[0031]
The woven fabric is then subjected to crimping, and the height of the crests and valleys of the crimp may be about 5 to 20 mm, and the pitch may be about 10 to 30 mm. Crimp of the fabric material is shaped as a column of Yamagata helicopter down bone pattern. It is necessary to form at least 1.5 of the chevron per one woven fabric. Therefore, the inflection point in the helicopter down bone pattern will be present at least two. In addition, if the number of inflection points is too large, it is generally preferable that about 2 to 9 pieces are used because the escape of gas worsens when the elastic mat is mounted in the electrode chamber.
[0032]
Furthermore, the angle of inflection is also important and needs to be in the range of 120-160 °. More preferably, the length between the inflection points should be 50 to 500 mm, particularly preferably 100 to 200 mm, and the relationship between the angle and the length between the inflection points varies as the inflection angle increases. It is preferable to shorten the length between the bending points in order to maintain the shape of the obtained elastic mat and to maintain elasticity. In general, if the inflection angle is 160 °, the length between inflections is 100 mm or less, and if it is 120 °, 500 mm or less is a standard.
[0033]
The above description can be easily understood with reference to FIG. Figure 2 is an example in which shape the two chevron helicopter down bone pattern on one elastic pad as shown by bold lines.
[0034]
FIG. 3 is a view showing an electrode chamber, for example, a cathode chamber, to which an elastic mat is attached, excluding a cation exchange membrane, in order to further explain the features of the present invention (however, only a part of the cathode is shown). . 2 is a cathode chamber frame, 12 is a cathode, and 11 and 11 'are elastic mats, respectively. As shown in FIG. 3, the elastic mats 11 and 11 ′ are mounted so as to cover almost the entire energizing surface of the unit cell.
[0035]
In general, since the current-carrying surface of an industrial electrolytic cell is wide and has a height of 1 meter or more, a plurality of elastic mats are used for its production. In this example, two elastic mats having three inflection points are used, such as 11 and 11 ', but generally the width of the elastic mat is about 30 to 100 cm. The number corresponding to the number is used. In addition, since the length of the woven fabric can be generally set freely, it may be set according to the width of the unit electrolytic cell. Of course, a plurality of short mats can be used in the horizontal direction, but there is no particular advantage. Although the gas in the electrode chamber is generated, the means to facilitate the rise of the gas, the orientation of the helicopter down bone pattern of the elastic mat, as shown in FIG. 3, to mount so as to be vertically is preferred.
[0036]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples and comparative examples.
[0037]
【Example】
Sodium chloride was electrolyzed using an electrolytic cell having a cross section of the structure shown in FIG. The opening (current-carrying part) of the chamber frame serving as the current-carrying part was 116 cm long and 238 cm wide, and the thickness inside the electrode chamber was 4 cm. Further, 24 conductive ribs in the anode chamber of the electrolytic cell were installed at intervals of 14 cm. The anode used was a titanium punched metal coated with an active material. As for the cathode, Ni 3 SN 2 alloy plated on nickel having a wire diameter of 0.15 mm, a hole area ratio of 68%, and a hole area of 0.49 mm 2 was used.
[0038]
The elastic mat is made of a pair of upper and lower shaping rolls in which a nickel wire diameter of 0.08 mm and four wire bundles are knitted in a bag shape with a mesh size of 4 × 4 mm, and the surface is formed on a corrugated surface. , a crimp column, pitch 14mm, at the height of the peaks and troughs is 9mm, the length between the inflection point of the helicopter down bone pattern between the width 580mm when crushed the bag is to be three times the inflection in 145mm. Two pieces having an inflection angle of 120 ° at this time were used in an overlapping manner, and in a state where the electrolytic cell was assembled, it was used after being compressed to 50% of the initial height. The average compression repulsion pressure at this time was 50 g / cm 2 . In the electrolytic cell, two elastic mats were set in the vertical direction. Moreover, Nafion N-981 (made by DuPont) was used for the cation exchange membrane.
[0039]
The electrolysis in the electrolytic cell having the above structure was operated for 2 years at a current density of 40 A / dm 2 , an electrolysis temperature of 85 ° C., a caustic soda concentration of 32 wt%, a salt water concentration of 195 g / l, an anode chamber pressure of 8 KPa, and a cathode chamber pressure of 11 KPa. The performance in this electrolysis was a voltage of 2.90 v, and the current efficiency was 96.5% after 2 years in the initial 97%. The membrane after electrolysis was colored as a whole, and it was confirmed that the cathode and the membrane were in complete contact. Moreover, there was no blistering around the chamber frame.
[0040]
[Comparative example]
The electrode chamber has the same specifications as in Example 1, but the elastic mat is a nickel wire diameter of 0.08 mm and four knitted fabrics with a mesh of 4 × 4 are formed into a bag shape, and the surface is corrugated. feeding the pair of upper and lower forming rolls, which is formed on the surface, a crimp column, pitch 14 mm, height of the peaks and troughs by way 9 mm, a width of 580 mm, a chevron helicopter down bone pattern merely one, its An inflection angle of 120 ° was used. In the electrolytic cell, two elastic mats were stacked and set in the vertical direction. When assembled in the same manner as in Example 1, compression was 50%, and the average resilience was 50 g / cm 2 . As the cation exchange membrane, Nafion N-981 (manufactured by DuPont) was used.
[0041]
The electrolysis in the electrolytic cell having the above structure was operated for 2 years at a current density of 40 A / dm 2 , an electrolysis temperature of 85 ° C., a caustic concentration of 32 wt%, a salt water concentration of 195 g / l, an anode chamber pressure of 8 KPa, and a cathode chamber pressure of 11 KPa. The performance in this electrolysis was a voltage of 2.92v, and the current efficiency was 95.5% after 2 years after the initial 97%. Since the membrane after electrolysis was not colored at the center, it was confirmed that pressing with an elastic mat was insufficient. In addition, blisters were generated in the upper and lower portions of the ion exchange membrane, and some of them were pinholes. This occurred because the current at the insulating film was insufficient because the height of the end of the elastic mat was low.
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is clamped at zero-gap electrolyzer for use in electrolysis of an alkali metal salt, the cation exchange membrane over the energizing surface throughout by shaping a specific Yamagata helicopter down bone pattern on the elastic mat to support one of the electrodes Therefore, it is possible to substantially eliminate the pressure spots, thereby avoiding the deterioration of the cation exchange membrane, and thus to perform a stable operation for a long period of time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a unit electrolytic cell of an alkali metal salt battery of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view of an elastic mat for explaining the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the elastic mat of the present invention is mounted.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Anode chamber frame 2 Cathode chamber frames 3, 8 Back plate 4 Conductive rib 5 Anode 6 Packing 7 Cation exchange membrane 9 Current collecting plate 10 Conductive rib 11 Elastic mat 12 Cathode 13 Packing

Claims (4)

陽極室枠と背面板とで構成された陽極室と陰極室枠と背面板とで構成された陰極室とを有し、これらの両電極室は陽イオン交換膜で区画され、陽極室には陽極が、陰極室には陰極がそれぞれ存在し且つ陽・陰両電極のうち、一方の電極は電導リブを介して背面板に固定された剛体多孔板であり、他方の電極は電極室内に装着された弾性マットの伸縮により変動可能に設置された可撓性を有する多孔板よりなり、該陽イオン交換膜は電解槽組み立て時に圧縮される弾性マットの反発弾性によって両電極間に挟持される構造の電解槽において、該弾性マットは線径0.02〜0.15mmの金属線を用いた織物よりなり、該織物はクリンプ加工され更に山形のヘリボーン模様が賦形されており、各ヘリボーン模様は一枚の織物につき2〜9回、120〜160°の角度で変曲していることを特徴とするアルカリ金属塩電解槽。It has an anode chamber composed of an anode chamber frame and a back plate, and a cathode chamber composed of a cathode chamber frame and a back plate. Both electrode chambers are partitioned by a cation exchange membrane. The anode is a cathode in the cathode chamber, and one of the positive and negative electrodes is a rigid porous plate fixed to the back plate via a conductive rib, and the other electrode is mounted in the electrode chamber. A flexible perforated plate installed variably by expansion and contraction of the formed elastic mat, and the cation exchange membrane is sandwiched between both electrodes by the rebound resilience of the elastic mat compressed when the electrolytic cell is assembled in the electrolytic cell, the elastic mat is made of fabric using a metal wire having a diameter of 0.02~0.15Mm, said textile is further shaped helicopters down bone pattern chevron is crimped, each edge down bone pattern is 2-9 times per piece of fabric Alkali metal salts electrolytic cell characterized in that it inflection at an angle of 120 to 160 °. 可撓性電極は一つの孔の面積が0.05〜1mm2の多数の孔よりなる開孔率が20%以上の厚さ0.15〜1.0mmの多孔板であり、該多孔板が存在する電極室は、背面板からリブによって支えられ間隙をもって該背面板に平行に設けられた剛体多孔板よりなる集電板と前記可撓性電極との間に弾性マットが存在する構造よりなることを特徴とする請求項1記載のアルカリ金属塩電解槽。The flexible electrode is a perforated plate having a thickness of 0.15 to 1.0 mm having a hole area ratio of 20% or more and comprising a large number of holes having a hole area of 0.05 to 1 mm 2. The existing electrode chamber has a structure in which an elastic mat exists between the current collecting plate made of a rigid porous plate supported by ribs from the back plate and provided in parallel with the back plate and the flexible electrode. The alkali metal salt electrolytic cell according to claim 1. 弾性マットのヘリボーン模様の変曲点間の長さが50〜200mmである請求項1記載のアルカリ金属塩電解槽。Alkali metal salts electrolyzer of claim 1 wherein the length between the inflection point of the helicopter down bone pattern of the elastic mat is 50 to 200 mm. 弾性マットがメリヤス織りの織物を2〜6枚重ねてなることを特徴とする請求項1記載のアルカリ金属塩電解槽。2. The alkali metal salt electrolytic cell according to claim 1, wherein the elastic mat is formed by stacking 2 to 6 knitted fabrics.
JP2000080117A 2000-03-22 2000-03-22 Alkali metal salt electrolytic cell Expired - Lifetime JP3707985B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000080117A JP3707985B2 (en) 2000-03-22 2000-03-22 Alkali metal salt electrolytic cell

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000080117A JP3707985B2 (en) 2000-03-22 2000-03-22 Alkali metal salt electrolytic cell

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2001262387A JP2001262387A (en) 2001-09-26
JP3707985B2 true JP3707985B2 (en) 2005-10-19

Family

ID=18597269

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2000080117A Expired - Lifetime JP3707985B2 (en) 2000-03-22 2000-03-22 Alkali metal salt electrolytic cell

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3707985B2 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8349165B2 (en) 2008-11-25 2013-01-08 Tokuyama Corporation Process for producing an active cathode for electrolysis
WO2021085334A1 (en) 2019-10-31 2021-05-06 株式会社トクヤマ Elastic mat for alkaline water electrolysis cells

Families Citing this family (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2547403T3 (en) 2002-11-27 2015-10-06 Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation Bipolar electrolytic cell, the type without interstices
JP4554325B2 (en) * 2004-10-14 2010-09-29 本田技研工業株式会社 High pressure hydrogen production equipment
ITMI20071375A1 (en) * 2007-07-10 2009-01-11 Uhdenora Spa ELASTIC CURRENT MANIFOLD FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
WO2010122785A1 (en) * 2009-04-21 2010-10-28 東ソー株式会社 Ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer
JP5457951B2 (en) * 2010-06-21 2014-04-02 三井化学株式会社 Electrolytic cell
DE102011008163A1 (en) * 2011-01-10 2012-07-12 Bayer Material Science Ag Coating for metallic cell element materials of an electrolytic cell
CN102154660A (en) * 2011-03-10 2011-08-17 江阴安凯特电化学设备有限公司 Elastic electrode in ionic membrane electrolytic bath
US9200375B2 (en) 2011-05-19 2015-12-01 Calera Corporation Systems and methods for preparation and separation of products
JP5885065B2 (en) * 2011-11-14 2016-03-15 株式会社大阪ソーダ Zero gap type electrolytic cell electrode unit
WO2013148216A1 (en) * 2012-03-29 2013-10-03 Calera Corporation Electrochemical hydroxide systems and methods using metal oxidation
US9404191B2 (en) 2012-10-31 2016-08-02 Osaka Soda Co., Ltd. Anode for use in zero-gap brine electrolyzer, brine electrolyzer and method for zero-gap brine electrolysis employing same
TWI633206B (en) 2013-07-31 2018-08-21 卡利拉股份有限公司 Electrochemical hydroxide systems and methods using metal oxidation
CA2958089C (en) 2014-09-15 2021-03-16 Calera Corporation Electrochemical systems and methods using metal halide to form products
US10266954B2 (en) 2015-10-28 2019-04-23 Calera Corporation Electrochemical, halogenation, and oxyhalogenation systems and methods
US10619254B2 (en) 2016-10-28 2020-04-14 Calera Corporation Electrochemical, chlorination, and oxychlorination systems and methods to form propylene oxide or ethylene oxide
WO2019060345A1 (en) 2017-09-19 2019-03-28 Calera Corporation Systems and methods using lanthanide halide
US10590054B2 (en) 2018-05-30 2020-03-17 Calera Corporation Methods and systems to form propylene chlorohydrin from dichloropropane using Lewis acid
EP3943642A4 (en) * 2019-03-18 2022-09-14 Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha Elastic mat and electrolytic tank
JP6999864B1 (en) 2020-03-31 2022-02-10 株式会社トクヤマ Alkaline water electrolysis element and alkaline water electrolysis tank
CN115335551B (en) * 2020-03-31 2025-08-19 株式会社德山 Alkaline water electrolysis bath

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8349165B2 (en) 2008-11-25 2013-01-08 Tokuyama Corporation Process for producing an active cathode for electrolysis
WO2021085334A1 (en) 2019-10-31 2021-05-06 株式会社トクヤマ Elastic mat for alkaline water electrolysis cells

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2001262387A (en) 2001-09-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP3707985B2 (en) Alkali metal salt electrolytic cell
JP5695418B2 (en) Elastic current collector for electrochemical cells
JP5860075B2 (en) Electrolytic cell
JP2010533239A5 (en)
EP1464728B1 (en) Electrode for electrolysis and ion exchange membrane electrolytic cell
SK363585A3 (en) Membrane electrolytic cell
JP5819790B2 (en) Electrolytic cell and electrolytic cell
US9404191B2 (en) Anode for use in zero-gap brine electrolyzer, brine electrolyzer and method for zero-gap brine electrolysis employing same
CN114555866B (en) Elastic pads for alkaline water electrolyzers
JP2020007607A (en) Electrode structure, electrolytic cell and electrolytic cell
EP0726971A1 (en) Mattress for electrochemical cells
JP2001064792A (en) Electrolytic cell
JP2000192276A (en) Bipolar ion exchange membrane electrolytic cell
KR102636392B1 (en) Elastic mats and electrolyzers
JP3616265B2 (en) Ion exchange membrane electrolytic cell
RU2054050C1 (en) Electrolyzer for electrolysis of aqueous solution of sodium chloride
EP1767671B1 (en) Three-dimensional electrode for electrolysis, ion exchange membrane electrolytic cell and method of electrolysis using the three-dimensional electrode
KR840002297B1 (en) Electrolyzer
CZ279836B6 (en) Membrane electrolytic cell

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20041027

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20041115

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20050112

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20050801

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20050802

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 3707985

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080812

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110812

Year of fee payment: 6

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110812

Year of fee payment: 6

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140812

Year of fee payment: 9

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

EXPY Cancellation because of completion of term