JP3385574B2 - Ophthalmic equipment - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ophthalmologic apparatus having an observation optical system for observing an eye to be examined. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, in a fundus camera, an apparatus is moved right and left and up and down so that an alignment projection image is displayed in an alignment circle displayed on a monitor, so that the apparatus can be moved in X and Y directions. The alignment is performed, and the apparatus is moved back and forth to perform the alignment of the apparatus in the Z direction from the focus state of the alignment projection image displayed in the alignment circle. However, in such a fundus camera, alignment in the Z direction is determined by an operator based on the focus state of an alignment projection image in an alignment circle displayed on a monitor. Therefore, the position of the alignment in the Z direction is varied and inaccurate depending on the operator. In other words, there is a problem that the alignment error in the Z direction increases. This problem applies to other ophthalmic devices. [0004] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an ophthalmologic apparatus capable of accurately performing alignment in the Z direction. [0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an ophthalmologic apparatus having an observation optical system for observing an eye to be inspected , comprising two light sources.
Blinking alternately and projecting two luminous fluxes alternately on the eye to be examined
Both are located at different positions on the optical axis of the observation optical system.
A projection optical system for forming a projected image alternately, a light receiving means for receiving alternating reflection image by the cornea of the two beams, the two cornea reflection image the light receiving means for receiving alternating
And alignment detection means for detecting the Z-direction of the alignment of the device based on the respective received light amounts is provided, the Ala
Is detected when one light source is lit.
Light level of the received light amount of the corneal reflection image and the other light source are turned on
Light level of the received light amount of the corneal reflection image when
It is characterized in that it is determined that the alignment is completed when it is necessary. According to the present invention, with the above configuration, the projection optical system has two
Alternately illuminate two light sources and alternately emit two light beams to the subject's eye
The two projected images are formed alternately by projection, and the light receiving means is
The images reflected by the cornea are received alternately, and one light source
The light level of the received light amount of the corneal reflection image when the light is on,
The amount of light received from the corneal reflection image when the other light source is on
When the light level is equal, the alignment detection
It is determined that the payment is completed. That is, alignment detection
The means determines the light amount level of the light reception amount of one of the corneal reflection images and the one
When the received light level of the corneal reflection image is
Alignment is complete, so alignment is complete.
Prevents the examiner from varying the end position
Stopped, always accurate alignment completion position regardless of examiner
Position can be requested. An embodiment of an ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the ophthalmologic apparatus includes an anterior ocular segment observation optical system 10 for observing an anterior segment of an eye E, an alignment projection optical system 30 for projecting an alignment light beam to the eye E, A fixation target projection optical system 50 that projects a fixation target onto the eye E, a measurement projection optical system 70 that projects measurement light onto the fundus Er of the eye E, and a light receiving device that receives the measurement light reflected by the fundus Er. An optical system 90 and an illumination optical system 110 that illuminates the anterior segment of the eye E are provided. The anterior ocular segment observation optical system 10 includes an objective lens 11
, The dichroic mirror 60, the aperture 12, the half mirror 13, the relay lens 14, the dichroic mirror 15, the dichroic mirror 92, the imaging lens 16, the area sensor 17, and the image formed on the area sensor 17. And a monitor 18 for displaying an anterior segment image. Further, the anterior ocular segment observation optical system 10 is provided with an annular pattern projection system 20 for forming an annular pattern image P (see FIG. 5) on the area sensor 17. The annular pattern projection system 20 includes a light source 21, a condenser lens 22, and a pattern plate 23 on which an annular pattern (not shown) is formed. Light emitted from the light source 21 is focused on the condenser lens 22. Then, the light is radiated to the pattern plate 23, whereby the annular light flux from the pattern plate 23 reaches the imaging lens 16 via the dichroic mirrors 15 and 92 (described later), and is formed by the imaging lens 16 on the area sensor 17. An annular pattern image P is formed. Then, the annular pattern image P is displayed on the monitor 18 together with the anterior segment. The alignment projection optical system 30 is divided into two parts.
Projection optical paths 30-1 and 30-2, and the projection optical path 3
0-1 is a light source 35, a mirror 37, and a relay lens 39.
The projection optical path 30-2 has a light source 36, a mirror 38, and a relay.
Lens 40. The common optical path is half
Mirror 41, half mirror 13, aperture 12, and dichroic
The optical system includes a mirror 60 and an objective lens 11. The light beam emitted from the light source 35 is reflected by a mirror 37.
, Relay lens 39, half mirror 41, and half mirror
13, aperture 12, dichroic mirror 60 and objective lens
And is projected onto the cornea of the eye E to be examined. This and
As shown in FIG. 2, the reflection of the light source 35 by the cornea Ec
Each optical member is formed so that the elephant 35a is formed near the iris position.
Place. On the other hand, the light beam emitted from the light source 36 is
-38, relay lens 40, half mirror 41 and half
Mirror 13, diaphragm 12, and dichroic mirror 60
The light is projected onto the cornea of the eye E through the object lens 11. This
In the case of, as shown in FIG.
The reflection elephant 36b is behind the iris position and from the reflection elephant 35a.
Each optical member is arranged so as to be formed at a remote position. This can be achieved, for example, by making the focal lengths of the relay lenses 39 and 40 different as shown in FIG. When the alignment in the Z direction (optical axis direction) has been completed, the reflection pattern 35a of the light source 35 by the cornea Ec and the area sensor 17 are set so as to have a conjugate relationship. , When the alignment in the Y direction is completed, as shown in FIG.
The elephant 35a 'of the corneal reflection elephant 35a is set therein. Therefore, when the alignment in the X, Y, and Z directions is completed, the image 35a 'is formed in focus in the annular pattern P formed on the area sensor 17. The image 36b 'is formed in the annular pattern P in an out-of-focus state. The fixation target projection optical system 50 includes a light source 51, a condenser lens 52, a fixation target plate 53, a relay lens 54, a mirror 55, a dichroic mirror 56,
A relay lens 57, mirrors 58 and 59, a dichroic mirror 60, and the objective lens 11 are provided. The fixation target plate 53 is at a conjugate position with the fundus Er, and the fixation target plate 55
Is formed with a mark (not shown) serving as a fixation target, and this mark is projected on the fundus Er. The projection of this mark causes the eye E to be directed in a predetermined direction and makes the eye E fog. The measurement projection optical system 70 includes a light source 71, a condenser lens 72, a conical prism 73, and a ring aperture.
(Not shown), a ring aperture plate 74, a relay lens 75, a stop 76, a perforated mirror 77, a mirror 78, a dichroic mirror 79, a dichroic mirror 60, and an objective lens 11. ing. The conical prism 73 includes the condenser lens 7
The light from the light source 71 condensed by the light source 2
The light is condensed on the fourth ring aperture. The ring aperture plate 74 and the fundus Er are at conjugate positions, and the ring aperture plate 74
The ring image Q shown in FIG. 6 is projected on the fundus Er by the light beam transmitted through the ring opening of the eye. The reflected light flux of the ring image Q projected on the fundus Er is supplied to the objective lens 11, the dichroic mirror 60,
Dichroic mirror 79, mirror 78, perforated mirror 7
7, a ring received light image of the ring image is formed on the area sensor 17 via the stop 93, the dichroic mirror 91, the mirror 58, the relay lens 57, the dichroic mirror 56, the dichroic mirror 92, and the imaging lens 16. The light receiving optical system 90 includes the objective lens 1
1, dichroic mirror 60, dichroic mirror 79, aperture 93, dichroic mirror 91
, Mirror 58, relay lens 57, dichroic mirror 92, imaging lens 16, area sensor 17
It is composed of Reference numeral 100 denotes a control unit.
As shown in FIG. 6 , the image processing apparatus 102 includes an image storage device 101 that stores an image received by the area sensor 17 and an arithmetic processing device 102. In addition to calculating by calculating, the deviation in the Z direction of the device (not shown) is obtained,
This deviation is displayed on the monitor 18. Next, the alignment of the above embodiment will be described. First, the anterior segment is illuminated by the illumination optical system 110. The light reflected by the anterior segment by this illumination reaches the imaging lens 16 via the objective lens 11, the dichroic mirror 60, the aperture 12, the half mirror 13, the relay lens 14, and the dichroic mirrors 15, 92, and this image is formed. An anterior segment image is formed on the area sensor 17 by the lens 16. Then, an anterior eye image is displayed on the monitor 18 (FIG.
8 ). The light source 2 of the annular pattern projection system 20
1 it is lit to form a circular ring pattern image P shown in FIG. 7 to the area sensor 17, annular pattern image P with the anterior segment on the monitor 18 is displayed as shown in FIG. On the other hand, the light source 51 of the fixation target projection optical system 50 is turned on. The light emitted from the light source 51 by this lighting is converted into a condenser lens 52, a fixation target plate 53, and a relay lens 5.
4, mirror 55, dichroic mirror 56, relay lens 57, mirror 58, dichroic mirror 91, mirror 59, dichroic mirror 79, 60, objective lens 11
Is projected onto the fundus Er of the subject's eye E via the
The image of the fixation target formed on the fundus is formed. By forming the image of the fixation target, the subject's eye E is directed in a predetermined direction and at the same time as cloud fog. The examiner looks at the anterior eye image and the annular pattern image P displayed on the monitor 18 and determines the approximate position of the apparatus so that the pattern image P is located at the position of the pupil Ea of the anterior eye. Complete alignment. Next, fine adjustment of the alignment is performed. This fine adjustment is performed by the light sources 35 , 3 of the alignment projection optical system 30.
6 is alternately lit. The light beam emitted from the light source 35 is reflected by the mirror 3
7, relay lens 39, half mirrors 41, 13, aperture 1
2. The objective lens 11 passes through the dichroic mirror 60
It is projected onto the cornea Ec of the eye E by. Meanwhile, the light source
The light beam emitted from 36 is mirror 38, relay lens
40, half mirrors 41 and 13, aperture 12, dichroic
Eye to be examined through objective mirror 11
E is projected onto the cornea Ec. Two light sources 35 and 36 alternate
By being turned on, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the corneal reflection elephants formed in the iris position by the light source 35
35a and a light source 36 formed behind the iris position.
Corneal reflections 36b are formed alternately. The elephants 35a, 36b reflected by the cornea Ec
Is the objective lens 11, the dichroic mirror 60, the aperture 1
2, reach the imaging lens 16 via the half mirror 13, the relay lens 14, and the dichroic mirrors 15, 92.
The reflection lens 3 is applied to the area sensor 17 by the imaging lens 16.
The elephants 35a and 36b of 5a and 36b are imaged alternately, and the monitor 1
8 is displayed. The image 35A', if 36b' is not in the annular pattern image in P as shown in FIG. 10, X, since Y-direction alignment is shifted, the image by moving the device up, down, left and right 35a 'and 36b' are put in the annular pattern image P. Thereby, fine adjustment in the X and Y directions is performed,
The alignment in the Y direction is completed. Next, fine adjustment of the alignment in the Z direction is performed. If the fine adjustment of the alignment in the Z direction has been completed, as shown in FIG.
And the image 35a 'enters the annular pattern image P and is focused on the area sensor 1
7 is formed. As a result, as shown in FIG. 10 A, the reflected image 31a' enters the annular pattern image in P, yet it is displayed on the monitor 18 in a state in focus. The image 36b 'enters the annular pattern image P and is formed on the area sensor 17 in a state where the focus is out of focus. As a result, as shown in FIG. 10 B, it enters the annular pattern image in P, is displayed on the monitor 18 with a shift of focus. [0032] In this state, i.e., when the Z-axis direction of the alignment is completed, as shown in FIG. 11,
The amount of light received by the area sensor 17 when the image 35a 'is formed is set to be equal to the amount of light received by the area sensor 17 when the image 36b' is formed. [0033] By setting in this way, when the apparatus is in a shifted state in the front with respect to the eye E, FIG. 12
As shown in A, the image 35a' becomes state focus is not, the image 36b' is in a state in focus as shown in Figure 12 B. Then, as shown in FIG. 13 , the light amount level of the light reception amount of the area sensor 17 when the image 35a 'is formed is reduced, and the light reception level of the area sensor 17 when the image 36b' is formed. The light level increases. Conversely, when the apparatus is shifted rearward with respect to the eye E, as shown in FIGS . 14A and 14B , the image and the images 35a 'and 36b' are out of focus.
As shown in FIG. 15 , the light amount level of the received light amount of the area sensor 17 when the image 36b 'is formed is the image 35a.
Is smaller than the light amount level of the received light amount of the area sensor 17 when the image is formed. That is, by comparing the light quantity levels when the images 35a 'and 36b' are formed, whether the apparatus has completed alignment in the Z direction or whether the apparatus is It is possible to judge whether or not the state is shifted forward, and it is also possible to judge the shift amount by considering both light amount levels. The arithmetic processing unit 102 includes the area sensor 17
The alignment in the Z direction of the apparatus is calculated and calculated from the received light amount. When the alignment is completed, as shown in FIG. Is displayed, and when the apparatus is shifted backward, an upward arrow R is displayed on the monitor 18 as shown in FIG. An upward arrow R indicates a direction in which the apparatus is moved forward, and the length thereof indicates a shift amount. When the device is shifted forward,
As shown in FIG. 18, a downward arrow R is displayed on the monitor 18. The downward arrow R indicates the direction in which the apparatus is moved backward, and the length indicates the amount of deviation. The examiner moves the apparatus back and forth while watching the arrow R on the monitor 18 to move it to the position where the mark M "." Is displayed. Thereby, fine adjustment in the Z direction is performed,
The alignment in the Z direction can be accurately performed, and the position of the alignment in the Z direction by the examiner is also prevented from being varied by the operator. When the arithmetic processing unit 102 determines that the alignment in the X, Y, and Z directions has been completed, the measurement optical system 70
The light source 71 is turned on to project a ring image on the fundus Er to measure eye refractive power and the like, and the measurement result is displayed on the monitor 18. [0040] In the above embodiment, share the d rear sensor 17 and for alignment detection and for the subject's eye refractive power measurement, it is of course possible to separately. The corneal reflection images 35a 'and 36b' are alternately formed. For example, as shown in FIG. 18 , the corneal reflection images 231a and 231b are simultaneously formed on the area sensor 17 and the corneal reflection images 231a and 231b are formed. The alignment may be detected from the size of the images 231a and 231b. That is, when the alignment in the Z direction is completed, as shown in FIG. 19A, the corneal reflection image 231a
Is formed in focus, and a corneal reflection image 231b is formed.
Is formed out of focus and the same size as the corneal reflection image 231a. [0043] When the apparatus is in the state shifted in the rear with respect to the eye E, as shown in FIG. 19B, cornea reflection image 231
a is formed in an out-of-focus state, and a corneal reflection image 231b is formed.
Is focused so as to be larger than the size of the corneal reflection image 231a. [0044] Conversely, when the apparatus is in the state shifted in the front with respect to the eye E, as shown in FIG. 19C, the corneal reflection image 2
31a and 231b are imaged out of focus together with
The size of the corneal reflection image 231b is larger than that of the corneal reflection image 231a. By doing so, the area sensor
The completion of the alignment in the Z direction and the direction of the displacement of the apparatus can be known from the sizes of the two images 231a and 231b on the image 17 . As shown in FIG. 20, a circular cornea
The reflection image 331a and the ring-shaped corneal reflection image 331b are simultaneously formed, and the wavelengths of the corneal reflection image 331a and the corneal reflection image 331b are changed. That is, the color is changed. When the alignment in the Z direction is completed, FIG.
As shown in A, the corneal reflection image 331a is formed in focus and the corneal reflection image 331b is out of focus so that the inner diameter of the ring and the diameter of the corneal reflection image 331a are the same. Make an image. [0047] When the apparatus is in the state shifted in the rear with respect to the eye E, as shown in FIG. 20B, cornea reflection image 331
a is formed in an out-of-focus state, and a corneal reflection image 331b is formed.
Is formed in an in-focus state and smaller than the size of the reflection image 331a. [0048] Conversely, when the apparatus is in the state shifted in the front with respect to the eye E, as shown in FIG. 20C, the corneal reflection image 3
The images are formed out of focus together with 31a and 331b, and the inner diameter of the corneal reflection image 331b is formed larger than the diameter of the corneal reflection image 331a. By doing so, the area sensor
The completion of the alignment in the Z direction and the direction of the displacement of the apparatus can be known from the overlapping state of the image 331a and the image 331b on the image 17 . According to the present invention, the alignment in the Z direction can be accurately performed, and the position of the alignment in the Z direction can be prevented from being varied by the examiner.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an optical arrangement diagram showing an arrangement of an optical system of an ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a formation position of a virtual image. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a formation position of a virtual image. FIG. 4 is a schematic optical layout diagram for explaining that virtual images are formed at different positions. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a reflected light reception image formed in an annular pattern formed on an area sensor. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an annular pattern projected on the fundus; FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a control unit. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an annular pattern projected on an area sensor. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an anterior eye image and the like displayed on a monitor. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between an annular pattern projected on an area sensor and a reflected image. FIG. 11A is an explanatory diagram showing a state where a focused reflected image is formed in an annular pattern. FIG. 4B is an explanatory diagram showing a state where a defocused reflected image is formed in the annular pattern. 12 is a graph showing a relationship between a reflected image and a light amount level of a received light amount in the state shown in FIG. 11; FIG. 13A is an explanatory diagram showing a state where a defocused reflected image is formed in an annular pattern. FIG. 4B is an explanatory view showing a state in which a focused reflected image is formed in the annular pattern. FIG. 14 is a graph showing a relationship between a reflected image and a light amount level of a received light amount in the state shown in FIG. 14; FIG. 15A is an explanatory diagram showing a state where a defocused reflected image is formed in an annular pattern. FIG. 4B is an explanatory diagram showing a state where a defocused reflected image is formed in the annular pattern. FIG. 16 is a graph showing a relationship between a reflected image and a light amount level of a received light amount in the state shown in FIG. FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing an image displayed on a monitor when the device is shifted backward. FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing an image displayed on a monitor when the device is shifted forward. FIG. 19A is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between two reflected images when alignment in the Z direction is completed. FIG. 4B is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between two reflected images when the apparatus is shifted rearward. C is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between two reflected images when the device is shifted forward. FIG. 20A is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between two reflected images when alignment in the Z direction is completed. FIG. 4B is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between two reflected images when the apparatus is shifted rearward. C is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between two reflected images when the device is shifted forward. [Description of Signs] 10 Anterior segment observation optical system (observation optical system) 17 Area sensor 30 Alignment projection optical system (projection optical system) 100 Control unit (alignment detection unit) E Eye to be examined 31a Virtual image (projection image) 31b Virtual image ( Projected image)

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A61B 3/10-3/18

Claims (1)

(57) [Claim 1] In an ophthalmologic apparatus provided with an observation optical system for observing an eye to be inspected, the ophthalmologic apparatus has two light sources, and the two light sources are alternately turned on and off.
The two light beams are projected alternately on the optometry, and the observation is performed.
Alternately form two projected images at different positions on the optical axis of the optical system
A projection optical system that made, and light receiving means for receiving alternating reflection image by the cornea of said two light beams, that of two cornea reflection images the light receiving means for receiving alternating
Alignment detecting means for detecting the alignment of the apparatus in the Z direction based on the respective received light amounts , wherein the alignment detecting means has one of the light sources turned on.
Light level of the received light amount of the corneal reflection image when the
Level of the amount of light received from the corneal reflection image when the light source is on
An ophthalmologic apparatus that determines that the alignment is complete when the values are equal .