JP3291091B2 - Grafted seedling production equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grafted seedling manufacturing apparatus for inserting a stem of a rootstock and a stem of a scion into a tubular sleeve and joining and fixing the cut surfaces of both stems. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, rootstock stalks and scion stalks are joined at the cut surfaces of both, and these joints are fixed with a heat-shrinkable synthetic resin tubular sleeve. An apparatus for producing grafted seedlings is disclosed in JP-A-5-30856.

This apparatus includes a large-diameter disk-shaped rootstock transporter and a small-diameter disk-shaped scion transporter located above the rootstock transporter.
Both conveying units are intermittently rotated, and the stems are cut while the splints and stock are synchronized and intermittently rotated at the upper and lower positions. On one side of the large-diameter disk, a tube made of a heat-shrinkable synthetic resin is cut into a predetermined length just before grafting to form a sleeve, and the sleeve is inserted into a stem of a rootstock. The structure is such that the stem of the scion is inserted from above, and then the sleeve is heated and contracted to firmly fix the joint stem from the outer periphery.

[0004]

However, in the case of fixing using a heat-shrinkable tube, it is necessary to apply heat to the tube. Therefore, even if the tube is cooled later, the stems of the scion and rootstock are not removed. In addition, heat is also applied, and moisture easily evaporates from the joint portion, so that there is a problem that the joining portion has poor rooting performance.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 of the above publication, a tube mounting guide for guiding a tube to be inserted from above into a stem of a rootstock is a semi-cylindrical shape in plan view. Since the tube easily falls down to the open side of the tube mounting guide, the function of guiding and maintaining the posture of the tube is incomplete. However, there was a problem that the efficiency of grafting work was low due to the difficulty in smoothing.

The present invention has been made in order to solve these problems, and provides a grafted seedling manufacturing apparatus in which the operation of inserting a sleeve and a scion into a stock of a rootstock is easy and reliable. The purpose is to do so.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that a stock holding hand and a scion hand are stretched over both stems of the stock and scion. A graft holding plant for holding a cylindrical sleeve having a predetermined length to be fitted, comprising: a sleeve holding member disposed vertically above a stock holding hand so as to be vertically movable; After lowering the sleeve holder so as to insert the sleeve around the cut portion of the stem of the rootstock gripped by the hand, the scion gripping hand located above and laterally above the rootstock gripping hand Is controlled so as to insert the cut stem of the scion into the sleeve by laterally moving and descending, and the stem of the scion below the scion gripping hand.
For cutting in a direction crossing the stem axis
Arrange the cutter and stem of the rootstock in said rootstock gripping hand
Align the position of the axis with the stem axis of the scion in the scion gripping hand.
Deviated appropriately in the pushing direction by the cutter with respect to the position
So that the rootstock gripping hand and the scion gripping hand
Is set .

[0008] Grafted seedlings manufacturing apparatus according to claim 2, Oite to claim 1, wherein the rootstock gripping hand, a pair of left and right arms, each provided with a gripper for gripping the stem of the stock from the left and right An upper portion adjacent to each of the grip portions is provided with a sleeve guide portion that surrounds and supports the sleeve from left and right and a contact piece that supports a lower end of the sleeve.

[0009]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the entire grafting seedling production apparatus 1 and FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view.

[0010] As shown in FIG.
Is a rootstock gripping hand 2 for gripping the stem D1 of the rootstock D.
And scion grasping hand 3 for grasping stem H1 of scion H
And a sleeve holder 5 for supplying a cylindrical sleeve 4 of a predetermined length made of a soft synthetic resin such as vinyl chloride to the rootstock gripping hand 2. The sleeve holder 5 is mounted on a main body frame 7 on a table 6. The sleeve holding member 4 is mounted on the upper surface of the rootstock grasping hand 2 so as to be vertically movable by a sleeve lifting actuator 8 such as an air cylinder.

At the initial position, the rootstock gripping hand 2 and the scion gripping hand 3 are separated from each other by an appropriate distance L1 as shown in FIG.
The stem D1 of the stock D is placed at a remote position, a cut surface is formed in advance by diagonal cutting with a cutter (not shown), and the stem D1 is placed on the table 6. A sleeve 4 is provided around the cut portion of the stem D1 of the rootstock grasped by the rootstock grasping hand 2.
After the sleeve holder 5 is driven to lower so that the sleeve 4 is inserted, the splint gripping hand 3 located above and on the side of the rootstock gripping hand 2 is moved laterally and downward to move the sleeve 4 To control to insert the cut stem H1 of the scion.

Next, the construction of the stock holding hand 2 will be described. A stock motor 10 that rotates in one direction is fixed to a support frame 9 fixed to the front surface of the main body frame 7, and the drive shaft of the stock motor 10 is driven. The eccentric cam 11 is attached to.
Similarly, a pair of left and right arms 12a,
12b is pivotally movable left and right about its base end,
13, and a follower 1 that comes into contact with the peripheral surface of the eccentric cam 11 at the base ends of the arms 12 a and 12 b.
4, 14 are protruded. Note that FIG.
Shows a state in which the distal ends of the arms 12a and 12b are open.
Is constantly biased in the closing direction.

The stock gripping hand 2 is provided with gripping portions 15a, 15b having an L-shaped cross section for gripping the stem D1 of the stock D from the left and right at the tips of a pair of left and right arms 12a, 12b (FIG. 3). In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the left grip 15 a has two vertical stages and the right grip 15 b has one vertical stage.
V-shaped stalk guide grooves 16 are cut out in 5a and 15b. Further, when the sponge bodies 17, 17 are fixed to the grip portions 15a, 15b, and the stem D1 is gripped,
The stem D1 is not damaged. Each gripper 1
At upper portions adjacent to 5a and 15b, sleeve guide portions 18 and 18 having a semicircular inner diameter portion surrounding and supporting the sleeve 4 from right and left and having a vertical length substantially equal to the vertical length of the sleeve 4, The contact pieces 19, 19 for supporting the lower end of the sleeve 4 are fixed.

The sleeve 4 can be understood from FIG.
Outer diameter D2, inner diameter D3, and stem H
1, a conical slope 20 inclined toward the inner diameter portion is formed so that the stem D1 can be smoothly guided. Each of the abutting pieces 19 supports an outer diameter portion of the lower end of the sleeve 4 and has a notch formed with a semi-circular hole 21 larger than the inner diameter D3. A conical slope 22 for smoothly inserting and guiding the sleeve 4 from above is provided on the upper surface of the sleeve guide portion 18.
Are formed (see FIGS. 3 and 4).

With these configurations, when the stock D is placed at the place of the stock holding hand 2 in a state where the stem D1 is cut obliquely (see FIG. 3), the stock motor D is actuated by the operation of the stock motor 10. By the rotation of the eccentric cam 11, the tips of the left and right arms 12a, 12b are closed via the followers 14, 14 (see FIG. 4).

As shown in FIG. 1, when the piston rod 8a of the sleeve raising / lowering actuator 8 moves downwardly,
The sleeve holder 5 can be moved down greatly, and the sleeve 4 together with the pin 23 inserted into the inner diameter portion of the sleeve 4 can be inserted into a portion surrounded by the sleeve guide portions 18 of the rootstock gripping hand 2. When the tip of the piston rod 8a of the sleeve elevating actuator 8 descends to the lowest point, a detector such as a limit switch (not shown) senses and the pins 23 of the pin cylinder 24 are interlocked so that the operation starts to retreat. I have. When the pin 23 retreats upward in this state, the pin 23 comes out of the sleeve 4. For this reason, the fitting between the pin 23 and the inner diameter portion of the sleeve 4 is loose, and the fitting between the inner diameter portion of the sleeve guide portions 18 and the outer diameter portion of the sleeve 4 is set to be in a tight fit state. I have.

The left and right arms 1 of the gripping hand 2
The drive means for expanding and contracting the left and right arms 2a and 12b to the left and right may be constituted by a swing actuator (not shown). If foreign matter such as soil or pebbles is interposed between the mating surfaces of the sleeves 18 and 18, the interference between the inner diameters of the sleeve guides 18 and 18 and the outer diameter of the sleeve 4 cannot be realized. As shown in (1), it is preferable that a slight gap 30, 31 exists between the mating surfaces of the sleeve guide portions 18, 18.

As described above, the sleeve guides 18, 1
If the vertical length of the sleeve 8 is formed to be substantially equal to or slightly longer than the vertical length of the sleeve 4, the sleeve 4 surrounded and supported by the left and right sleeve guide portions 18, 18 is formed. Can be prevented from tilting,
If the outer peripheral edge of the lower end of the sleeve 4 is supported by the contact pieces 19 on the lower end side of the sleeve guide portion 18, the supporting posture of the sleeve 4 can be further stabilized, and the sleeve 4 Since the sleeve 4 does not shift downward and move while being fitted to the stem D1, the stem H
Even when 1 is inserted into the sleeve 4, the joint between the upper and lower stems D1 and H1 does not protrude from the sleeve 4 and the grafting effect does not decrease.

Next, the configuration of the scion grasping hand 3 for grasping the stem H1 of the scion H will be described. 2 and 6
As shown in FIG. 5, the left and right arms 32a and 32b have an L-shaped cross section, and are similar to the gripping portion of the rootstock gripping hand 2 in plan view.
The stalk guide grooves 33 are formed in a notch, and the sponge bodies 34 for stalk protection are fixed. The base ends of the left and right arms 32a and 32b are configured to expand and contract to the left and right sides about the shaft portions 35 and 35, respectively, and a pin-shaped follower 36 fixed to the base ends of the left and right arms 32a and 32b. ,
The abutment 36 is in contact with the peripheral surface of an eccentric cam 38 attached to a drive motor 37 which rotates in one direction, and is constantly urged by a spring (not shown) in a direction in which the distal ends of the left and right arms 32a and 32b are closed. The drive motor 37 and the left and right arms 32
a and 32b are mounted on an elevating frame 39, and are mounted on the elevating frame 39.
The distal end of the zero piston rod 40a is fixed to a movable frame 41 that can move left and right. The movable frame 41 is attached to a lateral actuator 43 such as an air cylinder slidable on a lateral guide shaft 42 fixed to the front surface of the main body frame 7. Accordingly, when the lateral movement actuator 43 is operated, the drive motor 37 and the gripping hand 3 together with the movable frame 41 can be moved laterally by the distance L1, and the drive motor 37 together with the lift frame 39 is operated by the operation of the lift actuator 40.
And the gripping hand 3 moves up and down.

A cutter actuator 44 such as an air cylinder is mounted on the lower side of the main body frame 7.
A cutter 45 such as a safety razor is attached to the tip of the piston rod 44a, and the stem H1 of the scion H held by the scion grasping hand 3 beside the rootstock grasping hand 2 is used for the piston rod 44a. The cutter 45 pushes off the stem H1 by the protruding movement of 4a (see FIG. 7). In this case, cutter 4
The blade portion 5 is disposed so as to cut the stem H1 of the scion H diagonally with respect to its axis.

Thereafter, the scion grasping hand 3 is laterally moved by the distance L1 while being lifted by an appropriate height to be positioned above the stock grasping hand 2, and the sleeve guide portions 18, 18 of the stock grasping hand 2 are moved. Sleeve 4 gripped by
, And the graft H can be fixed by inserting and pressing the stem H1 of the scion H into the sleeve 4. In this case, as shown in FIG. 8, both stems H1,
It is preferable to operate the lifting actuator 40 so as to press along the axial direction so as to generate the overlap amount c of the joining of the inclined cut surfaces of D1 in order to improve the grafting effect (entry effect). However, if the pressing force is too large,
Injuries such as bending of the stems H1 and D1 so as to buckle in the middle part of the stems H1 and D1 become severe, causing inconvenience. Further, the optimum pressing force or overlap amount c differs depending on the type of the seedling. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, the receiving body 47 with which the stopper 46 projecting to the side of the lifting / lowering actuator 40 contacts is configured to be vertically movable, and the lower surface of the receiving body 48 is supported by the spring body 48. By providing an adjusting means 50 including a screw 49 for adjusting the repulsive force of the spring body 48,
The lowering amount of the lifting actuator 40 by the receiving body 47 is adjusted, and the optimal pressing force or the overlap amount c is adjusted.
Is configured to be adjustable.

As described above, when the stem H1 of the scion H is cut off by cutting, the stem axis of the stem H1 close to the cut portion is aligned with the stem H1 in FIG.
As shown by 0, it is easy to bend toward the rear of the push-off. Therefore, the installation positions of the scion gripping hand 3 and the rootstock gripping hand 2 are set in advance in the front-rear direction of the push-cutting by a dimension X corresponding to the amount of bending of the cutting portion with the push-cutting. In other words, the rootstock grip
The position of the stem axis of the stock D in the hand 2, scion gripping Ha
The cutter 4 5 so as to appropriately offset the full press direction due to the location of the stem axis of the scion H in command 3, base
The relative position of the tree gripping hand 2 and the scion gripping hand 3 in the front-rear direction is set. Thus, the cutting piece of the scion H can be smoothly inserted from above the sleeve 4. In the present invention, the cut surfaces of the stems of the rootstock D and the scion H by the cutter 45 are preferably obliquely cut because the cut area is large, but it is needless to say that they may be perpendicular to the stem axis. .

The grafted seedling that has completed the grafting work can be taken out by grasping and releasing the rootstock grasping hand 2 by spreading it.

In the above embodiment, the hand holding hand 3
Since the arm of (stockstock gripping hand 2) is opened and closed by the follower, the eccentric cam, and the drive motor, the amount of expansion and contraction of the gripping hand becomes constant. Therefore, in this configuration, the amount of expansion and contraction movement is changed for each gripping hand according to the difference in the type (quality) of the scion H and the rootstock D, the difference in the diameter of the seedling stem and the difference in softness for each individual. It is that regulatory becomes difficult. Therefore,
As shown in FIG. 11, the oscillating air actuator 51
Are configured to move the left and right arms 32a and 32ba in a narrow and wide manner. Note that the rootstock holding hand 2 may be similarly configured. Then, as shown in FIG. 12, a pressure reducing valve (pressure regulating valve) 54 is inserted between the ON / OFF control valve 53 and the actuator 51 in the pneumatic circuit 52,
It is preferable that each stem can be gripped with an appropriate pressure without being too strong or too weak. Note that reference numeral 55
Is a filter, 56 is a replicator, and 57 is a relief valve.

When the actuator for driving the gripping hand 3 (the rootstock gripping hand 2) or operating the cutter is an air-type actuator, a compressor serving as a source of compressed air for driving is provided (not shown). It is preferable to control the timing of the grafting operation by a central processing unit for control such as a dynamic control circuit.

In the above embodiment, an apparatus capable of producing one grafted seedling has been described. However, the number of the grafted seedlings can be increased or decreased according to the required area of the installation portion.

[0027]

As described above, according to the action and effect of the present invention, according to claim 1
In the grafted seedling manufacturing apparatus described in the above, the sleeve holding body is arranged so as to be able to move up and down above the rootstock gripping hand, and the sleeve is inserted around the cutting part outer periphery of the rootstock gripped by the rootstock gripping hand. After the sleeve holding body is driven downward, the scion grasping hand positioned above and laterally above the rootstock grasping hand is moved laterally and downward to move the sleeve to the sleeve, and the cut stem is cut. Control to insert
The grafting is completed only by inserting the sleeve into the stem of the cut rootstock and then inserting the stem of the scion into the sleeve . Therefore , the rooting performance is improved without adversely affecting the rootstock and the scion. In addition, since the rootstock holding hand is not moved, the driving system of the apparatus can be simplified.

Further, the grafted seedling production apparatus according to claim 1
In the lower part of the scion grasping hand , a cutter for pushing and cutting the stem of the scion in a direction crossing the stem axis is arranged, and the position of the stem axis of the stock in the stock grasping hand , so as to properly offset in the press-cutting direction of the cutter relative to the position of the stem axis of the scion in scion grasping hand, Taka et al sets the positions of the rootstock gripping hand and scion gripping hand, by press-cutting by the cutter Even if the stem is bent, the stem of the scion becomes easier to enter the sleeve,
This has the effect of increasing the efficiency of grafting work.

The grafted seedling producing device according to claim 2, Oite to claim 1, wherein the rootstock gripping hand, a pair of left and right arms, each provided with a gripper for gripping the stem of the stock from the left and right The upper portion adjacent to each of the grip portions is provided with a sleeve guide portion that surrounds and supports the sleeve from the left and right, and a contact piece that supports the lower end of the sleeve, so that the holding posture of the sleeve is stable, and Since the sleeve inserted in the stem of the tree does not slip off, the effect of fixing the graft is improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a grafted seedling production apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a grafted seedling manufacturing apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a main part of the rootstock holding hand.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where a sleeve is inserted into a rootstock grasping hand.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of another embodiment of the rootstock gripping hand.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a main part of the scion gripping hand.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a positional relationship between a scion gripping hand and a cutter.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a main part in a state where a sleeve is overlapped (overlapping).

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a pressed state.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the deviation setting of the scion gripping hand with respect to the rootstock gripping hand.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a swing type actuator.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a pneumatic circuit for control of a gripping hand actuator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 H Hoki D Rootstock 1 Grafting seedling production apparatus 2 Rootstock gripping hand 3 Hoki gripping hand 4 Sleeve 5 Sleeve support 8 Sleeve lifting / lowering actuator 15a, 15b Gripping portion 16 Stem guide groove 17 Sponge body 18 Sleeve guide 19 Contact Piece 40 lifting actuator 43 lateral movement actuator 45 cutter

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kiyoshi Uchida 1-32 Chaya-cho, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi Inside Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Haruo Koga 1-32 Chaya-machi, Kita-ku, Osaka-Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Akira Takemura 1-32 Chayamachi, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi Inside Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masanao Ueyama 5-3-1 Tsukaguchi Honcho, Amagasaki-shi, Hyogo Showa Seiki Kogyo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshinori Abe 5-3-1 Tsukaguchi Honcho, Amagasaki City, Hyogo Prefecture Showa Seiki Kogyo Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-5-30856 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int .Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01G 1/06

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] The present invention comprises a rootstock holding hand, a scionholding hand, and a sleeve holder for holding a tubular sleeve of a predetermined length to be fitted over both stems of the rootstock and scion. A grafting seedling manufacturing apparatus, wherein a sleeve holder is vertically movably disposed above a rootstock gripping hand, and a sleeve is inserted around the cut portion of the stem of the rootstock gripped by the rootstock gripping hand. After lowering the sleeve holder, the scion grasping hand located above and laterally above the rootstock grasping hand is moved laterally and downward to move the cut stem of the scion to the sleeve. controlled so as to insert, below said scion gripping hand, the stem of the scion
Cutter for cutting in a direction crossing the stem axis
And the position of the stem axis of the rootstock in the rootstock gripping hand
With respect to the position of the stem axis of the scion in the tree gripping hand
Set the platform so that it is appropriately deviated in the cutting
A grafting seedling manufacturing apparatus , wherein the positions of a tree gripping hand and a scion gripping hand are set . 2. A stock gripping hand is provided on each of a pair of left and right arms with gripping portions for gripping a stock stem from left and right, and an upper portion adjacent to each gripping portion surrounds the sleeve from left and right. The grafted seedling production apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a sleeve guide portion for supporting and a contact piece for supporting a lower end of the sleeve.