JP3110784U - Dry distillation furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to indirectly heat a material to be heat treated such as a rubber composition so as to collect good quality carbides and generated gas, and to heat the material to be heat treated efficiently and uniformly.
A first heating device (15) is disposed along an inner surface of a furnace wall (2). A cylindrical second heating device (18) is arranged inside the furnace wall (2). Circulate hot gas through both heating devices (15, 18). Between the second heating device (18) and the furnace wall (2), an accommodation space (20) for accommodating the object to be heat treated (8) is formed. A circulation space (21) through which hot air in the furnace flows is formed inside the second heating device (18). A covering part (22) is arranged above the second heating device (18) to prevent the material to be heat treated (8) from being introduced into the circulation space (21). A first communication part (26) is formed between the upper end of the second heating device (18) and the cover part (22) to communicate the accommodation space (20) and the circulation space (21) with each other. A second communication portion (28) is formed between the lower end of the second heating device (18) and the bottom wall portion (10) to communicate the accommodation space (20) and the flow space (21) with each other.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a carbonization furnace for heating an object to be heat-treated. More specifically, the heat-treated object such as a rubber composition can be indirectly heated to recover high-quality carbides and product gas, and the object to be heat-treated. It is related with the dry distillation furnace which can heat | fever efficiently and uniformly.

The amount of rubber product waste such as waste tires is increasing rapidly year by year, and when they are incinerated, black smoke, toxic gas, bad odor and the like may be generated, causing environmental pollution.
In recent years, many research methods have been researched to recycle these wastes without causing environmental pollution, and one of them is the filling of these wastes into the furnace, and the theoretical amount of combustion in the furnace air. A dry distillation method has been developed in which organic solids are decomposed by heating while maintaining the following (in an oxygen-free atmosphere) to generate carbides (hereinafter referred to as dry distillation char) and gas (hereinafter referred to as product gas). Yes.

Conventionally, as a carbonization furnace used in the above-mentioned carbonization method, there is a carbonization furnace in which a high-temperature gas is circulated through a heating means arranged in the furnace and a heat-treated material accommodated in the furnace is indirectly heated (for example, patent literature). 1).
That is, in this prior art, a cylindrical first heating means is arranged along the inner surface of the furnace wall, and a cylindrical second heating means is arranged inside the first heating means. The object to be heat treated is finely cut into chips, put into a furnace and accommodated between both heating means and inside the second heating means. And a to-be-processed object is heated indirectly by circulating high temperature gas to both the heating means. The generated gas generated from the object to be heat-treated by this heating is taken out from the upper space in the furnace through the discharge pipe, cooled, separated into a gas component and an oil component, and recovered. On the other hand, the carbonization char remains in the furnace, the outlet at the bottom of the furnace is opened, and after being collected in a recovery container disposed below, it is transported to the activation furnace for activation treatment.

  In this prior art, since the cylindrical second heating means is arranged in the furnace, the object to be heat-treated in the furnace has a short distance from the heating means and is heated well. In addition, since the object to be heat-treated is indirectly heated by both heating means in the furnace, the combustion gas for heating is not mixed with the object to be heat-treated, and high-quality dry distillation char and product gas can be recovered. it can.

JP 2003-213033 A

  In the above prior art, if a large number of materials to be heat-treated are contained in the furnace, it becomes difficult for hot air such as heated air and product gas in the furnace to circulate, and the temperature distribution in the furnace is biased to the materials to be heat-treated. There are problems that the heat transfer efficiency is reduced and the heating is not uniform in the upper and lower parts of the furnace. Thus, when the heat transfer efficiency is reduced and the heating becomes uneven, an untreated part remains in the object to be heat treated, and when the carbide is taken out from the furnace after the treatment, this untreated object causes a bridge phenomenon, This causes a problem that it is difficult to take out the carbide. For this reason, it takes a long time for sufficient heat treatment, and the amount of heat-treated material accommodated in the furnace cannot be increased to, for example, about 65% or more of the space in the furnace, thereby improving the processing efficiency. There was a problem that was not easy.

  The technical problem of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and indirectly heat the object to be heat treated such as a rubber composition to recover high-quality carbides and generated gas, while also making the object to be heat treated efficient. An object of the present invention is to provide a dry distillation furnace that can be heated well and uniformly.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is configured as follows, for example, based on FIGS. 1 and 2 showing an embodiment of the present invention.
That is, the present invention relates to a carbonization furnace, wherein the first heating means (15) is disposed along the inner surface of the furnace wall (2), and the cylindrical second heating means (inside the furnace wall (2) ( 18), a high temperature gas is circulated through both the heating means (15, 18), and the heat treatment object (8) accommodated in the furnace is indirectly heated. An accommodation space (20) for accommodating the object to be heat treated (8) is formed between the two heating means (18) and the furnace wall (2), and the inside of the second heating means (18) is formed. In addition, a cover portion (22) that forms a circulation space (21) through which hot air in the furnace flows and prevents the material (8) to be heat-treated from flowing into the circulation space (21) is provided with the second heating means. (18) arranged above the first heating means (18) and at least one of the upper side of the second heating means (18) to communicate the accommodation space (20) and the circulation space (21) with each other. Part (26) formed And

A material to be heat treated such as a rubber composition is indirectly heated by a heating means, and combustion gas for heating is not mixed. For this reason, it is prevented that a large amount of oxides are mixed in the dry distillation char and a large amount of low calorific value components are mixed in the product gas, and good quality carbides and product gas are recovered.

  Since the above-mentioned circulation space prevents the material to be heat-treated from being put in by the cover portion, a hollow state is maintained. For this reason, the hot air in the circulation space is well circulated from the first communication portion to the upper portion of the accommodation space, and spreads to every corner in the furnace during the procedure. As a result, the object to be heat-treated is efficiently heated by this hot air in addition to the radiant heat and conduction heat from the heating means.

The above-mentioned circulation space is in a hollow state without being subjected to heat treatment, but this circulation space is formed inside the cylindrical second heating means disposed inside the furnace wall. The occupied volume is considerably smaller than the above accommodation space, and is set to about 10% or less of the space in the furnace, for example.
On the other hand, since hot air is circulated well from the circulation space in the accommodation space, it is heated evenly and uniformly even if the amount of the object to be heat-treated is increased. As a result, as a whole in the furnace, a large amount of heat-treated material is accommodated as compared with the above-described prior art, such as 70% or more of the space in the furnace.

  Said 1st communicating part may be transparently provided in the upper part of a 2nd heating means, or may be transparently provided in said cover part arrange | positioned above it. However, if an upper gap is formed between the second heating means and the cover, and the first communication part is constituted by the upper gap, the cover is formed with a gap above the second heating means. It is more preferable because it can be easily formed simply by arranging.

When a second communication portion that communicates the accommodation space and the circulation space is formed in at least one of the lower portion and the lower side of the second heating means, the hot air in the lower portion of the accommodation space passes through the circulation space and is accommodated in the accommodation space. It is more preferable because it circulates well to the top of the.
In this case, if a lower gap is formed between the second heating means and the bottom wall portion, and the second communication portion is constituted by the lower gap, the second heating means is lifted slightly from the bottom wall portion. And can be easily formed.

  The covering portion is not limited to a specific shape or structure as long as it covers the distribution space so that the material to be heat-treated is not put into the distribution space. However, if the upper surface of the cover portion is formed as an inclined surface that goes down toward the periphery, the heat-treated material that has dropped on the upper surface of the cover portion will slide down the upper surface and be smoothly guided into the accommodation space. ,preferable.

  The first heating means and the second heating means are not limited as long as they can indirectly heat the object to be heat-treated in the furnace, and may be constituted by piping or the like. The object can be heated uniformly, and the surface of the heating means does not have a complicated shape. Therefore, the dry distillation char can be easily taken out from the storage space after the dry distillation, which is preferable.

  Since the present invention is configured and operates as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) Even if a large amount of material to be heat-treated is stored in the storage space, the hot air in the furnace circulates and circulates well from the distribution space to the top of the storage space, and reaches every corner of the furnace. Through this hot air, the heat from the heating means can be transmitted well to the object to be heat treated, and furthermore, the heat application can be made uniform in the upper and lower parts in the furnace. As a result, the object to be heat treated such as a rubber composition can be heated indirectly and efficiently while being able to recover good quality carbides and product gas.

  (2) The circulation space has a considerably smaller volume than the accommodation space. On the other hand, the accommodation space can be heated satisfactorily even if a large amount of the heat-treated material is accommodated. Even if it maintains in a state, as the whole furnace inside, the accommodation amount of to-be-processed material can be increased compared with the said prior art, and heat processing efficiency can be improved.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a dry distillation furnace, and FIG. 2 is a partially broken perspective view in the vicinity of a cover portion.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the furnace wall (2) of the carbonization furnace (1) has a substantially cylindrical trunk wall (3), a prone upper wall (4), and a flat furnace bottom (5). ). The upper wall portion (4) is tightly fixed to the upper end edge of the body wall portion (3), and a loading port (6) is opened in the center in a plan view, and the loading port (6) can be opened and closed. The part (7) is covered tightly. An object to be heat-treated (8) made of a rubber composition such as a waste tire is introduced into the dry distillation furnace (1) through the inlet (6) with the lid (7) opened. Further, a gas recovery pipe (9) is provided through the shoulder of the upper wall (4). This gas recovery pipe (9) is connected to a cooling device and a gas-liquid separation device (not shown), and the generated gas generated from the heat-treated material (8) in the furnace by dry distillation is discharged from this gas recovery pipe (9). Collected.

  The furnace bottom portion (5) is configured to be movable in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction with respect to the lower end edge of the trunk wall portion (3), and seals the lower end opening of the trunk wall portion (3) in a tight manner. The bottom wall portion (10) and a discharge portion (11) extending laterally from the bottom wall portion (10) are configured. For example, a bottom heating device (12) made of a heating wire or the like is attached to the bottom wall (10). The discharge part (11) is provided with a funnel-shaped discharge path (13) that has an opening that is larger in diameter than the lower end opening of the body wall part (3). The dry distillation char generated in the dry distillation furnace (1) is discharged from the discharge passage (13) to a recovery container (14) disposed below.

  The configuration for moving the furnace bottom portion (5) in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction is not limited to a specific structure or device. For example, a horizontal movement device including a carriage or a rail, and the horizontal movement device in the vertical direction. It is conceivable that the apparatus is composed of a vertical movement device composed of a hydraulic cylinder or the like that can be operated in a simple manner.

  A panel-shaped first heating device (15) formed in a substantially cylindrical shape is attached to the inner surface of the body wall (3) of the furnace wall (2), and the body wall (3) is transparent. A provided supply pipe (16) and a discharge pipe (17) are connected to the first heating device (15). The supply pipe (16) and the discharge pipe (17) are connected to each other via a combustion device (not shown), and the high-temperature combustion gas heated to a predetermined temperature by the combustion device is supplied to the supply pipe ( It is supplied to the first heating device (15) via 16) and recirculated from the discharge pipe (17) to the combustion device.

Inside the first heating device (15), a panel-shaped second heating device (18) formed in a substantially cylindrical shape is arranged. The second heating device (18) and the first heating device (18) are arranged. The heating device (15) is connected to each other through a connection pipe (19). Part of the high-temperature combustion gas supplied from the supply pipe (16) to the first heating device (15) flows through the second heating device (18) through the connection pipe (19).
As the high-temperature combustion gas flows through the first heating device (15) and the second heating device (18), the heat-treated material (8) charged into the dry distillation furnace (1) is indirectly indirectly collected. Heated.

  Between the first heating device (15) and the second heating device (18), an accommodation space (20) for accommodating the object to be heat treated (8) is formed. A circulation space (21) through which hot air in the furnace flows is formed inside the second heating device (18). Above this second heating device (18), a shade-like cover (22) is attached with an inclined surface whose upper surface is lowered toward the periphery. The introduction of the material to be heat-treated (8) into the circulation space (21) is prevented.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the cover (22) is fixed to the upper end of a cylindrical support base (23), and the support base (23) is formed by the four support members (24). 2 is attached to the upper end of the heating device (18). An upper gap (25) is formed between the upper end of the second heating device (18) and the lower end edge of the cover (22). In the upper part in the dry distillation furnace (1), the accommodation space (20) and the distribution space (21) are in communication with each other via a first communication part (26) comprising the upper gap (25). Hot air in the space (21) flows out from the first communication part (26) to the accommodation space (20).

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, the lower end edge of the second heating device (18) is slightly lifted from the bottom wall (10), and the lower gap is between the bottom wall (10). (27) is formed. In the lower part of the furnace, the accommodation space (20) and the distribution space (21) communicate with each other via a second communication part (28) comprising the lower gap (27), and the accommodation space (20) Part of the hot air in the lower part of the gas flows from the second communication part (28) into the circulation space (21).

Next, the procedure for carbonizing the object to be heat-treated in the carbonization furnace will be described.
First, in a state where the bottom wall portion (10) of the furnace bottom portion (5) is tightly attached to the lower end of the trunk wall portion (3), the lid portion (7) is opened and the cover (6) is covered. The heat-treated product (8) is put into the furnace. The object to be heat-treated (8) introduced from the inlet (6) is guided by the upper surface of the cover (22) and accommodated in the accommodating space (20), and the distribution space (21) is in a hollow state. Maintained.

  In addition, when said heat-treated material (8) is a waste tire, for example, it removes the bead wire of the waste tire and cuts it into a chip shape. As a result, the heat from each heating device (12, 15, 18) can be transferred only to the chip-like rubber composition in the furnace to perform dry distillation sufficiently, and the dry distillation char Can be prevented.

  Next, after the charging port (6) is covered with a lid (7), the first heating device (15) is supplied from a combustion device (not shown) through a supply pipe (16) and a connection pipe (19). And a high-temperature combustion gas is supplied to the 2nd heating apparatus (18), and the to-be-processed object (8) in a storage space (20) is indirectly heated from the inside and outside. Moreover, it supplies with electricity to the bottom part heating apparatus (12) in the said bottom wall part (10), and heats said to-be-processed object (8) from the downward direction.

  The generated gas generated from the heat-treated object (8) and the air in the furnace as a result of the heating tend to rise in the furnace as hot air. Since a large amount of the object to be heat-treated (8) is accommodated in the accommodation space (20), it is not easy for the hot air to rise in the accommodation space (20). However, since the circulation space (21) is maintained in a hollow state, a part of the hot air that has become hot at the lower part of the housing space (20) is part of the second communication passage (28) and the circulation space ( 21) and the first communication path (26) are sequentially passed to the upper portion of the accommodation space (20) and circulate. Thereby, said hot air spreads to every corner in a dry distillation furnace (1), and the to-be-processed object (8) in a storage space (20) is heated efficiently and uniformly.

  The generated gas generated from the object to be heat-treated (8) by the above heating is taken out from the gas recovery pipe (9) and processed by a cooling device and a gas-liquid separation device (not shown) to be separated into gas components and oil components Is done. In addition, the obtained gas component and oil component can be used as fuel of said combustion apparatus.

  When the generated gas is completely generated by the above heating, the dry distillation char remains in the dry distillation furnace (1). This dry distillation char is left for a predetermined time to cool the inside of the furnace, and then the furnace bottom part (5) is switched from the bottom wall part (10) to the discharge part (11) to be taken out from the discharge passage (13). And stored in the collection container (14). At this time, since the panel-shaped first heating device (15) is arranged on the inner surface of the trunk wall (3), the carbonization char does not adhere to the furnace wall (2), and the carbonization furnace (1) Easily removed from inside. The taken-out dry distillation char is transferred to an activation processing apparatus (not shown) together with the above-described recovery container, and is activated to be activated carbon.

  Note that the carbonization furnace described in the above embodiment is illustrated in order to embody the technical idea of the present invention, and the shape, structure, etc. of the furnace wall, each heating device, the cover, etc. It is not limited to the embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the utility model registration request of the present invention, and the heat-treated material is not limited to a rubber composition such as a waste tire. Needless to say.

For example, in the above embodiment, the first heating device is formed in a panel shape and attached to the inner surface of the furnace wall. However, in the present invention, the first heating means may be configured by piping, Also good.
Said 2nd heating means is not limited to a cylindrical shape, For example, a rectangular tube shape may be sufficient.
In the above embodiment, the first heating device and the second heating device are connected in communication with each other via a connection pipe. However, in the present invention, the second supply pipe and the discharge pipe are provided through the furnace wall and the first heating means. The second supply pipe and the discharge pipe may be connected to the second heating device.
The above bottom heating device can employ a heating means other than the heating wire, and if the heat treatment object in the furnace can be sufficiently heated by the first heating means and the second heating means, this bottom heating device Can be omitted.

In the above embodiment, since the first communication path and the second communication path are configured by the gap between the upper and lower ends of the second heating device and the cover part or the bottom wall part, it can be easily formed. In the present invention, these two communication passages may be provided through the upper and lower portions of the second heating means, or the first communication passage may be provided through the cover.
Further, the shape of the covering portion may be a shape other than a shade shape such as a flat plate shape. The support structure for fixing the cover portion to the upper end of the second heating device is not limited to the above-described support base, and for example, a support member may be fixed to the periphery of the cover portion.

  The carbonization furnace of the present invention is capable of recovering high-quality carbides and product gas by indirectly heating the object to be heat-treated, and also efficiently and uniformly heating the object to be heat-treated, so that rubber such as waste tires can be used. Although it is particularly suitable for the dry distillation of the composition, it is also suitably used for the dry distillation of other heat-treated materials.

It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the dry distillation furnace of embodiment of this invention. It is a partially broken perspective view of a cover part vicinity of an embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Carbonization furnace 2 ... Furnace wall 8 ... Material to be heat-treated
10… Bottom wall
15 ... 1st heating means (1st heating device)
18 ... second heating means (second heating device)
20 ... Containment space
21. Distribution space
22 ... cover
25… Top gap
26 ... 1st communication part
27 ... Bottom gap
28 ... Second communication part

Claims (6)

The first heating means (15) is disposed along the inner surface of the furnace wall (2), and the cylindrical second heating means (18) is disposed on the inner side of the furnace wall (2). It is a dry distillation furnace for indirectly heating the material to be heat-treated (8) accommodated in the furnace by circulating high-temperature gas in each means (15, 18),
An accommodation space (20) for accommodating the object to be heat treated (8) is formed between the second heating means (18) and the furnace wall (2).
A flow space (21) through which hot air in the furnace flows is formed inside the second heating means (18), and a cover for preventing the material to be heat treated (8) from entering the flow space (21). The part (22) above the second heating means (18),
The first communication portion (26) that connects the accommodation space (20) and the circulation space (21) to each other is formed in at least one of the upper portion and the upper side of the second heating means (18). A carbonization furnace.   An upper gap (25) is formed between the second heating means (18) and the cover portion (22), and the first communication portion (26) is constituted by the upper gap (25). Item 2. The carbonization furnace according to Item 1.   A second communication portion (28) for communicating the accommodation space (20) and the circulation space (21) with each other is formed at least on the lower side and the lower side of the second heating means (18). The carbonization furnace according to claim 1.   A lower gap (27) is formed between the second heating means (18) and the bottom wall portion (10), and the second communication portion (28) is constituted by the lower gap (27). The carbonization furnace according to claim 3.   The dry distillation furnace according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the covering portion (22) is formed as an inclined surface that descends toward the periphery.   The dry distillation furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first heating means (15) and the second heating means (18) are formed in a panel shape.

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