JP3066315B2 - Scalpel blade shape - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to, for example, an ophthalmic scalpel (crescent knife) with improved cutting edge shape.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional scalpel for ophthalmic surgery shown in FIG. 3, first and second cutting edges 6, 7 are provided on both side edges of a blade body 5 extending from a handle 1 from a base end portion 5a side to a distal end portion. It is formed to extend to the 5b side. The first and second cutting edges 6, 7
The first and second cutting edge side portions 6a, 7a extending linearly in parallel with each other along the blade body extending direction center line P, and the first and second cutting edge side portions at the tip end portion 5b of the blade body 5. It has inscribed circular first and second blade heads 6b, 7b in contact with 6a, 7a.

This scalpel for ophthalmic surgery is usually used as follows. The edge side portions 6a, 7 of the edge 6, 7 on the eye surface
When a is applied and the handle 1 is gradually raised and drawn so as to draw an arc, the contact portions of the cutting edges 6 and 7 with the eye surface move from the cutting edge side portions 6a and 7a to the blade leading portions 6b and 7b.
Eyes are being cut off.

[0004]

However, the cutting edge side portion 6
Since a and 7a are linearly extended, if the handle 1 is gradually raised as described above and is drawn in an arc, the cutting depth of the cutting edges 6 and 7 with respect to the eye surface becomes difficult to be uniform, The sharpness becomes poor and a good cutting state cannot be obtained, which may hinder the operation.

An object of the present invention is to improve the shape of the cutting edge of a surgical scalpel, to make the cutting depth uniform, and to obtain good sharpness and cutting state.

[0006]

The present invention will be described with reference to the reference numerals in the drawings (FIGS. 1 and 2) of the following embodiments. The present invention (first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, second embodiment shown in FIG. 2)
The surgical scalpel according to the above is configured as follows.

The blade (5) extending from the tip (3a) of the handle (1), and of the two side edges in the width direction (A),
A first cutting edge (6) formed to extend from the base end (5a) side to the tip end (5b) side at one side edge, and a tip end (5b) from the base end (5a) side at the other side edge as well. A second cutting edge (7) formed so as to extend to the side.

[0008] Between the first cutting edge (6) and the second cutting edge (7), from the base end (5a) side of the blade body (5) to the tip end (5b).
And a first and second width direction line (P) orthogonal to the extending direction center line (P) on the base end (5a) side of the blade body (5). Q ₁ , Q ₂ ) and first and second base points (S ₁ ) on the first and second width direction lines (Q ₁ , Q ₂ ) and separated from the extension direction center line (P). , S ₂ ) and the first and second width direction lines (Q ₁ , S ₂ ).
The first and second tip points (T) on the center line (P) in the extending direction on the tip (5b) side of the blade body (5) away from Q ₂ ).
₁ , T ₂ ) and the first and second end points (T ₁ , T ₂ )
First and second arc lines (U ₁ , U ₂ ) passing through the first and second base end points (S ₁ , S ₂ ) are assumed.

The first cutting edge (6) extends from the first base end point (S ₁ ) to the first tip end point (T ₁ ) on the first arc line (U ₁ ). and 6a), the continuous to the blade body (5) of the tip (first inscribed circle tangent at 5b) to the first circle arch (U ₁₎ (V ₁₎ on a first cutting edge side (6a) It has one blade leading portion (6b). Further, the second cutting edge (7) is connected to the second arc line (U
A second cutting edge side extending from the second base end point on ₂₎ (S ₂₎ to a second distal end point (T ₂₎ (7a), the second at the tip of the blade (5) (5b) and a circular arc line second edge head contiguous to the second cutting edge side (7a) on the second inscribed circle in contact with the _{(U 2) (V 2)} (7b). The leading edge (6b) of the first cutting edge (6) and the leading edge (7b) of the second cutting edge (7) are continuous on the center line (P) in the extending direction.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention (FIG. 1)
The scalpel for ophthalmic surgery according to the second embodiment (see FIG. 2) and the second embodiment (see FIG. 2) will be described. Since the configuration of the first embodiment is basically the same as the configuration of the second embodiment, both embodiments will be described in common, and finally, the differences between the two embodiments will be described.

The handle 1 includes a grip 2 and a support 3 inserted into the grip 2. The blade 4 includes the support portion 3, and has a blade body 5 integrally extended from a tip 3 a of the support portion 3. The first cutting edge 6 is formed to extend from the base end portion 5a side to the tip end portion 5b side at one side edge of both side edges of the blade body 5 in the width direction A, and the base end is similarly formed at the other side edge. A second cutting edge 7 is formed so as to extend from the portion 5a to the tip 5b.

A blade body between the first cutting edge 6 and the second cutting edge 7
5 extends linearly from the base end 5a side to the tip end 5b side.
On the base end 5a side of the blade body 5
First and second linear bases orthogonal to the installation direction center line P
End width direction line Q₁, Q_TwoAnd both base end width direction lines Q₁, Q
_TwoThe first and the upper and
Second base point S₁, S_TwoAnd both base end width direction lines Q₁, Q
_TwoAt the one end 5b side of the blade body 5 away from the center in the extending direction
First and second tip points T on line P₁, T_TwoAnd both
Point T₁, T_TwoAnd both base end points S₁, S_TwoAnd the first through
First and second arc lines U₁, U_TwoIs assumed. in this case,
The first base end width direction line Q₁And the second base end width direction line Q_TwoWhat is
Coincide with each other on a straight line, and
First base point S₁Distance L₁And the second base point S_TwoDistance L
_TwoAnd the first tip point T₁And the second tip point
T_TwoAnd the first arcuate line U₁Radius of curvature
R ₁And the second arc line U_TwoRadius of curvature R_TwoIs equal to each other
Has become. Therefore, this first arc line U₁And the second arc line
U_TwoIs defined as a line-symmetrical shape with the extension direction center line P as the center.
Has become.

The first cutting edge 6 is provided with the first circular arc line U₁Up
At the first base point S₁From the first point T ₁Extending towards
One cutting edge side portion 6a and this first circular arc line U₁In contact with the first
Tangent V₁The first that smoothly continues above the first cutting edge side 6a
And a blade leading portion 6b. The second cutting edge 7
Is the second arc line U_TwoAbove the second base point S_TwoFrom the second
Endpoint T_TwoA second cutting edge side portion 7a extending toward
Arc line U_TwoInscribed circle V in contact with_TwoOn the second cutting edge side 7
a and a second blade leading portion 7b smoothly continuing to
You. In this case, the first inscribed circle V₁Diameter D of₁And second
Tangent V_TwoDiameter D of_TwoAre equal to each other and their inscribed circles
V₁, V_TwoMatch each other. Therefore, the first cutting edge 6
Is the same as the blade leading end 6b of the second cutting edge 7
Diameter D₁, D _TwoInscribed circle V₁, V_TwoOn the extension
It continues smoothly on the direction center line P.

Further, the first and second base end width direction lines Q
₁, Q_TwoAnd the first and second tip points T₁, T_TwoBetween and
First and second intermediate width directions orthogonal to the setting direction center line P
Line W ₁, W_TwoParallel to the center line P in the extending direction and
First and second base point S₁, S_TwoFirst and second line segments X passing through
₁, X_TwoIs the first and second intermediate width direction line W₁, W_TwoWhen
Intersecting first and second intermediate points Y₁, Y_TwoIs assumed.
In this case, the first intermediate point Y with respect to the extension direction center line P₁of
Distance L₁And the second intermediate point Y_TwoDistance L_TwoIs equal to each other
Has become. Then, the first circular arc line U₁Is the first base point
S₁And the first point T₁Not only this first midpoint
Y₁And the second arcuate line U_TwoIs the second base point S_Twoas well as
Second end point T_TwoNot only this second intermediate point Y_TwoAlso
You.

Incidentally, in the first embodiment shown in FIG.
The first arcuate line U₁Radius of curvature R₁And the second arc line
U_TwoRadius of curvature R_TwoAre both set to 25mm
I have. In the second embodiment shown in FIG.
First arc line U₁Radius of curvature R ₁And the second arc line U_TwoCurvature
Radius R_TwoAre set to 100 mm. Up
Radius of curvature R₁, R_TwoFor 25 mm ≤ R₁= R
_TwoIt is desirable to set ≦ 100 mm.

Each embodiment has the following features (a) (described later).
Other than other technical ideas). (A) The cutting edges 6, 7 are arc-shaped cutting edge side portions 6a, 7a.
And the leading edge of the inscribed circular blade in contact with the blade tip side portions 6a, 7a
Parts 6b and 7b. Then, on the eye surface, the cutting edge 6,
7 is applied to the blade edge side portions 6a, 7a, and the handle 1 is gradually raised.
While drawing a circular arc, the blade edge 6,
The contact portion 7 is moved from the blade tip side portions 6a, 7a to the blade tip portion 6b,
The eye surface is being cut while shifting to 7b. This place
In this case, the cutting edge side 6
Since a and 7a are also formed in an arc shape, the cutting edge with respect to the eye surface
The cutting depth of 6, 7 becomes easy to be uniform, and good sharpness
And a disconnected state can be obtained. In particular, arc-shaped cutting edges
Radius of curvature R of side portions 6a and 7a₁, R _TwoAbout 25
mm ≦ R₁= R_TwoEasy to use when set to ≤100mm
And a good cutting state can be obtained.

[Other Embodiments] In addition to the above embodiments, the following embodiments (a) to (b) may be adopted. (B) The edge head 6b and the cutting edge head 7b of the second cutting edge 7 of the first cutting 6 have been set to the same diameters D _1, D ₂ of the inscribed circle, the diameter D _1, D Change ₂ to various dimensions.

(B) The shape of the first cutting edge 6 and the shape of the second cutting edge 7 are different from each other. [Other technical ideas] The technical ideas (other than the claims) that can be grasped from each embodiment are described together with the effects.

(A) In the first aspect, the first cutting edge 6 and the second cutting edge 7 are formed in a substantially line-symmetrical shape about the center line P in the extending direction. Therefore, the same sharpness and cutting state can be obtained by using any of the two cutting edges 6 and 7 arbitrarily.

[0020]

According to the cutting edge shape of the scalpel according to the present invention, the cutting depth of the cutting edge (6, 7) with respect to the eye surface or the like can be easily made uniform, and good sharpness and cutting state can be obtained. Can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a partially cutaway front view showing a scalpel for ophthalmologic surgery according to a first embodiment, and FIG. 1B is a partially enlarged front view of FIG.

FIG. 2A is a partially cutaway front view showing a scalpel for ophthalmologic surgery according to a second embodiment, and FIG. 2B is a partially enlarged front view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway front view showing a conventional ophthalmic surgery scalpel.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Handle, 3a ... Handle tip part, 5 ... Blade body, 5a ... Blade body base end part, 5b ... Blade body tip part, 6 ... First cutting edge, 6a ... First cutting edge side part, 6b ... First blade leading end Part, 7: second cutting edge, 7a: second cutting edge side, 7b: second cutting edge, A: blade width direction, P
… Center line in the blade extension direction, Q ₁ , Q ₂ … Width direction line, S ₁ ,
S ₂ ... group endpoints, T _1, T ₂ ... tip point, U _1, U ₂ ... arc line, V _1, V ₂ ... inscribed circle.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A blade body (5) extending from a distal end portion (3a) of a handle (1), wherein one of two side edges in a width direction (A) is a base end portion (5a). Cutting edge (6) formed so as to extend from the side toward the distal end portion (5b), and a second cutting edge also formed to extend from the base end portion (5a) side to the distal end portion (5b) side at the other side edge. (7) In the surgical scalpel provided with (7), between the first cutting edge (6) and the second cutting edge (7) from the base end (5a) side of the blade body (5) to the tip end (5b) side And the first and second width direction lines (Q) orthogonal to the extending direction center line (P) on the base end (5a) side of the blade body (5). ₁ , Q ₂ ) and first and second base points (S ₁ , S ₂ ) on the first and second width direction lines (Q ₁ , Q ₂ ) and separated from the extension direction center line (P).
S ₂ ), and the first and second width-direction lines (Q ₁ , Q ₂ ), which are on the tip end (5b) side of the blade body (5) and on the center line (P) in the extending direction. The first and second tip points (T ₁ ,
T ₂ ), the first and second arcuate lines (U ₁ , U ₂ ) passing through the first and second end points (T ₁ , T ₂ ) and the first and second base points (S ₁ , S ₂ ). when assuming U ₂₎ and the first cutting edge (6), extending from said first circle arch (U ₁₎ over a first group end point (S ₁₎ to the first center point (T ₁₎ The first cutting edge side (6a) and the tip (5) of the blade body (5)
In b) and a first cutting head contiguous to the first cutting side on the first circle first inscribed circle tangent to the arch _{(U 1) (V 1)} (6a) (6b), the second cutting edge (7), and the second circle arch (U ₂₎ on a second edge side of the second base end point (S ₂₎ extending toward the second distal end point to (T ₂₎ (7a), The tip (5) of the blade (5)
In b) and a second cutting edge head contiguous to the second cutting edge side on the second circle second inscribed circle tangent to the arch _{(U 2) (V 2)} (7a) (7b), wherein Surgical operation, characterized in that the leading edge (6b) of the first cutting edge (6) and the leading edge (7b) of the second cutting edge (7) are continuous on the center line (P) in the extending direction. Scalpel tip shape.