JP2967711B2 - Battery mounting structure for electric vehicles - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a battery mounting structure of an electric vehicle that travels by driving an electric motor using electric power generated by a generator having a prime mover or electric power stored in a battery.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there has been a demand for the practical use of, for example, a hybrid electric vehicle which suppresses the generation of exhaust gas due to the problem of the global environment. Application to trucks is desired. This hybrid electric vehicle has a motor and a generator,
A battery, an electric motor, etc. are installed, and the electric power stored in the battery or the electric power generated by the generator when the prime mover is driven is selectively used, and the electric motor is driven by this electric power, and the electric motor is driven. The vehicle is driven by rotating drive wheels that are drivingly connected to the output shaft.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing a change in a battery charging rate with respect to a traveling distance of a general hybrid electric vehicle. As shown in the graph of FIG. 7, before the electric vehicle starts running, the battery is charged to 100% in advance by storing electric power in the battery using a charger or the like. In this state, the electric motor is driven by the electric power stored in the battery, and the electric vehicle starts running. Then, as the traveling distance increases, the battery charging rate decreases. When the battery charging rate decreases to, for example, 50%, the prime mover is driven to start power generation by the generator. When the power generation is started in this way, the generated power is supplied to the electric motor of the electric vehicle and stored in the battery. Then, when the battery charge rate rises to 55%, the driving of the prime mover is stopped to stop the power generation by the generator, and the electric vehicle is again driven by driving the electric motor only with the electric power of the battery. If the prime mover is a gasoline engine, the electric vehicle continues running by refueling on the way. Furthermore, by setting the charging rate of the battery to 100% using a charger or the like, quiet driving without driving the prime mover can be performed at night.

As described above, by storing electric power in a battery in advance by a charger or the like and setting the charging rate to 100%, the electric vehicle can be driven quietly by driving the electric motor by the electric power of the battery without driving the prime mover. Is possible, while
When the battery charge rate drops to a predetermined value, the electric motor can be driven by driving the prime mover to store the electric power generated by the generator in the battery and driving the electric motor. In this case, if the prime mover is a gasoline engine, by driving this engine at a constant speed,
Good exhaust gas characteristics.

In the above-described hybrid electric vehicle, it is necessary to mount a required amount of batteries on a vehicle body, and a truck must mount a large number of batteries. FIG. 8 schematically shows a truck showing a battery mounting structure of a conventional electric vehicle.

As shown in FIG. 8, a motor 102 is disposed at the center of a vehicle body frame 101.
A propeller shaft 103 connected to the output shaft is extended rearward and is drivingly connected to left and right drive wheels 105 via a differential 104. A large number of batteries 106 for supplying electric power to the electric motor 102
01 is mounted outside. That is, the body frame 10
A mounting bracket 107 is fixed to an outer surface of the mounting bracket 107 by bolts (not shown), and a number of batteries 106 are mounted on the mounting bracket 107.

As a conventional structure for mounting a battery on a truck, there is one disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-12149. In the battery mounting structure disclosed in this publication, a plurality of batteries can be placed on a pallet, and the pallet can be stored and held in an engaging portion formed by a cross member integrated with the vehicle body.

[0008]

In the conventional truck battery mounting structure shown in FIG. 8 described above, a large number of batteries 106 are mounted on both sides of the body frame 101, so that the balance of the whole vehicle is not good. . The large number of batteries 106 are mounted on the outer surface of the vehicle body frame 101 via the mounting brackets 107. Since the mounting state is cantilevered and the supporting rigidity is low, the mounting brackets 107 are made thick and strong. Therefore, there is a problem that the weight of the vehicle body increases. Furthermore, since the electric motor 102 and the battery 106 are disposed apart from each other, the electric cable to be connected is long, and the battery 106 is difficult to see and the attachment / detachment is troublesome.
There are problems such as poor maintainability.

In the battery mounting structure disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-12149, a plurality of batteries can be placed on a pallet so that they can be stored and held in an engaging portion of a vehicle body. Although the maintainability of the battery is improved, the pallet on which the plurality of batteries are placed is mounted on the side of the vehicle body, and similarly to the above, the balance of the entire vehicle is not good, and ,
Since the supporting rigidity of the large number of batteries is insufficient, there is a problem that the mounting parts are increased in size and weight.

An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a battery mounting structure for an electric vehicle in which a battery is efficiently mounted on a vehicle body to reduce the weight and which is easy to maintain. .

[0011]

A battery mounting structure for an electric vehicle according to the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is mounted on a chassis frame of a vehicle so as to extend in the front-rear direction to form a packing box. A battery box storage portion is formed between the left and right vertical joists to be supported and between the chassis frame and the packing box, and the battery box containing the battery is stored in the battery box storage portion. It is assumed that.

Therefore, the battery box in which the battery is stored is stored in the battery box storage section formed in the dead space between the chassis frame and the packing box and between the left and right vertical joists. The battery can be mounted efficiently without significant modification and with good weight balance.

Further, in the battery mounting structure for an electric vehicle according to the present invention, the battery box storage portion is formed so as to open to the rear of the vehicle, and extends along the front-rear direction of the vehicle so that the battery box can be pulled out from the opening. And a slide mechanism for slidably supporting the slide mechanism.

Therefore, the battery box can be slid along the vehicle front-rear direction by the slide mechanism, and the battery box can be easily pulled out from the rear opening, and the maintenance of the battery becomes easy.

Further, in the battery mounting structure for an electric vehicle according to the present invention, the slide mechanism has a pair of rails provided on inner surfaces of the left and right vertical joists facing each other and slidably supporting the battery box. It is characterized by the following.

Therefore, the slide mechanism for slidably supporting the battery box can be easily mounted by using the left and right vertical joists.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration of a truck showing a battery mounting structure of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of a battery box and a storage part showing the battery mounting structure of this embodiment, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the battery box and its storage portion, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 2, and FIG.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view for explaining a sliding state of the battery box.

In the battery mounting structure of the electric vehicle according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, an engine 13 as a prime mover mounted on a chassis frame 12 of a vehicle 11 is an internal combustion engine (LPG or methanol) using gasoline as fuel. The generator 13 is drivingly connected to the output shaft of the engine 13. This engine 13
A power generation system of a hybrid electric vehicle is configured by the power generator and the power generator 14. The power generator 14 is electrically connected to a battery 15 for storing the generated power and a motor 16 as an electric motor. A drive wheel 17 is connected to an output shaft of the motor 16.

In this embodiment, a large number of batteries 15
Can be accommodated in the battery box 18, and the battery box 18 is mounted on the chassis frame 12 along the front-rear direction and formed between the left and right vertical joists 20 supporting the packing box 19. The battery box 18 is slidable by a slide mechanism 22 so that it can be pulled out to the rear of the vehicle.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, a pair of right and left vertical joists 20 are mounted on both sides of the chassis frame 12 in the form of a frame so as to extend in the front-rear direction.
The vertical joist 20 is disposed so that its cross section has a U-shape and its openings face each other, and is fixed to the chassis frame 12 by a number of fixing bolts 31. A first rail 32 having a horizontal support surface is fixed to the inner surfaces of the pair of left and right vertical joists 20 facing each other, and a first rail 32 is provided at a rear end in the longitudinal direction (right end in FIGS. 2 and 3). 1
The rollers 33 are respectively mounted by brackets 34.

On the other hand, the battery box 18 capable of accommodating a large number of batteries 15 is formed in a box shape with an open top, and the battery box 1 facing the inner surfaces of a pair of right and left vertical joists 20.
8 have a second rail 3 having a horizontal support surface
5 are fixed, and the front end in the longitudinal direction (FIG. 2)
The second rollers 36 are attached to the left end of FIG.

Accordingly, each of the second rollers 36 of the battery box 18 can freely roll on the first rail 32 of each of the left and right vertical joists 20, and each of the second rails 35 can be rotated by the vertical joists 20.
The battery box 18 is movably supported on the first roller 33. The battery box 18 is moved in the longitudinal direction of the vertical joist 20 by the slide mechanism 22 including the rails 32, 35 and the rollers 33, 36, that is, in the vehicle longitudinal direction. It is free to move along.

The first rail 32 of the vertical joist 20 has a step 32a at the front end, while the battery box 1
The second rail 35 of No. 8 has a step 35a formed at the rear end. As described above, the battery box storage portion 21 is formed above the chassis frame 12 by the left and right vertical joists 20, and the battery box storage portion 21 is open to the rear of the vehicle.

Accordingly, when the battery box 18 is moved to the front of the vehicle by the slide mechanism 22 and is moved to the front end of the battery box storage section 21, it rolls on the first rail 32 of the vertical joist 20 as shown in FIG. The second roller 36 of the battery box 18 falls off the step 32a, and the second rail 35 of the battery box 18 moving on the first roller 33 of the vertical joist 20 falls off by the step 35a. At this time, the first rail 32 of the vertical joist 20
Of the battery box 18 against the upper surface of the battery box 18
The battery box 18 is restrained by the vertical joist 20 by mutual frictional resistance due to the close contact of the lower surfaces of the battery boxes 18.

In the battery box 18 containing a large number of batteries 15, the second rail 35 is closely attached to the first rail 32 in the battery box storage section 21, and the frictional resistance generated by the total weight of the large number of batteries 15. Thereby, it is possible to securely restrain and position and store.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, the second roller 36 of the battery box 18 is moved from the state where the battery box 18 is
After pulling up the first rail 32 of the vertical joist 20 from 2a and pulling up the second rail 35 from the step portion 35a onto the first roller 33, the battery box 18 is moved to the rear of the vehicle by the slide mechanism 22, and the battery The battery box 18 can be taken out of the vehicle by pulling it out from the rear opening of the box storage section 21 toward the rear of the vehicle.

The battery box 18 containing a large number of batteries 15 can be easily pulled out from the rear of the vehicle through the rear opening of the battery box storage section 21 by the slide mechanism 22 and taken out of the vehicle.
Maintenance can be performed efficiently.

[0029]

As described above with reference to the embodiments, according to the battery mounting structure of the electric vehicle of the present invention, the left and right vertical mountings are mounted on the chassis frame of the vehicle so as to extend in the front-rear direction. A battery box storage section is formed between the joists and between the chassis frame and the packing box, and the battery box storing the battery is stored in the battery box storage section. It can be stored in the battery box storage part formed using the dead space, and many batteries can be efficiently used without greatly improving the chassis frame etc.
Also, it can be mounted with good weight balance,
In addition, the connection of each battery is facilitated, the weight of the battery support member and the like can be reduced, and the maintenance of the battery can be easily performed.

Further, according to the battery mounting structure of the electric vehicle of the present invention, the battery box storage portion is formed so as to be opened to the rear of the vehicle, and the battery box is slid along the vehicle longitudinal direction so that the battery box can be pulled out from the opening. Since the slide mechanism for freely supporting is provided, the battery box can be easily slid along the vehicle front-rear direction by the slide mechanism and pulled out from the rear opening, so that maintenance of the battery can be easily performed.

Further, according to the battery mounting structure of the electric vehicle of the present invention, since the slide mechanism is provided on the inner surfaces of the left and right vertical joists facing each other and has a pair of rails slidably supporting the battery box, The slide mechanism for supporting the box slidably can be easily mounted by using the left and right vertical joists, and the number of mounting steps and mounting costs can be reduced without significantly improving the chassis frame and the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a truck showing a battery mounting structure of an electric vehicle according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a battery box showing a battery mounting structure of the present embodiment and a storage portion thereof.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a battery box and a storage section thereof.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining a sliding state of the battery box.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing a change in a battery charging rate with respect to a traveling distance of a general hybrid electric vehicle.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a truck showing a battery mounting structure of a conventional electric vehicle.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Vehicle 12 Chassis frame 13 Engine 14 Generator 15 Battery 16 Electric motor 18 Battery box 20 Vertical joist 21 Battery box storage part 22 Slide mechanism 32 First rail 32a Step 33 First roller 35 Second rail 35a Step 36 Second roller

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B60K 1/00-1/04 B60R 16/04 H01M 2/10

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. Between left and right vertical joists mounted on a chassis frame of a vehicle so as to extend in the front-rear direction and supporting a packing box, and between the chassis frame and the packing box. A battery mounting structure for an electric vehicle, wherein a battery box housing portion is formed, and a battery box housing a battery is housed in the battery box housing portion. 2. The battery mounting structure for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the battery box storage portion is formed so as to open to the rear of the vehicle, and the battery box can be pulled out from the opening in the front-rear direction of the vehicle. A battery mounting structure for an electric vehicle, comprising: a slide mechanism for slidably supporting the battery along the vehicle. 3. The battery mounting structure for an electric vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the slide mechanism includes a pair of rails provided on inner surfaces of the left and right vertical joists opposed to each other and slidably supporting the battery box. A battery mounting structure for an electric vehicle, comprising: