JP2703361B2 - Cooling device using metal hydride - Google Patents
Cooling device using metal hydrideInfo
- Publication number
- JP2703361B2 JP2703361B2 JP23752389A JP23752389A JP2703361B2 JP 2703361 B2 JP2703361 B2 JP 2703361B2 JP 23752389 A JP23752389 A JP 23752389A JP 23752389 A JP23752389 A JP 23752389A JP 2703361 B2 JP2703361 B2 JP 2703361B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- metal hydride
- cooling
- heat medium
- temperature
- hydrogen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 26
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 26
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910018007 MmNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （イ） 産業上の利用分野 本発明は金属水素化物を利用した冷却装置に関する。The present invention relates to a cooling device using metal hydride.
（ロ） 従来の技術 近年、金属水素化物が水素を放出するときの吸熱反応
を利用した冷却装置が種々提案されている。例えば特開
昭57−92670号公報には、金属水素化物を充填した反応
容器を異なる温度の熱媒間を移動させることにより、複
雑な熱媒回路やそのための制御機構を不要にした冷却装
置が開示されている。(B) Conventional technology In recent years, various cooling devices utilizing an endothermic reaction when metal hydride releases hydrogen have been proposed. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-92670 discloses a cooling device that eliminates the need for a complicated heating medium circuit and a control mechanism therefor by moving a reaction vessel filled with metal hydride between heating media of different temperatures. It has been disclosed.
（ハ） 発明が解決しようとする課題 しかるに、特開昭57−92670号公報に開示される冷却
方式では、加熱により水素を冷熱発生用反応容器に戻し
てやる間、冷却運転が行われないという欠点があり、ま
た、反応容器と熱媒との熱交換が、反応容器壁面と熱交
換容器壁面との接触によって行われるため、反応容器の
移動には摩擦力に抗する大きな動力が必要となる。(C) Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, the cooling method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-92670 has a disadvantage that the cooling operation is not performed while hydrogen is returned to the reactor for generating cold heat by heating. In addition, since heat exchange between the reaction vessel and the heat medium is performed by contact between the reaction vessel wall and the heat exchange vessel wall, the movement of the reaction vessel requires a large power to resist frictional force.
本発明は上記点に鑑みて成されたもので、ピストン状
に駆動する反応容器を２組用い連続的に冷却運転を行わ
せる利点を有すると共に、ピストン状反応容器の移動に
際し、摩擦力が小さく、かつ熱媒との間で効果的な熱交
換が行われるような構成を有する冷却装置を提供するこ
とを目的とするものである。The present invention has been made in view of the above point, and has an advantage of continuously performing a cooling operation using two sets of reaction vessels driven in a piston shape, and has a small frictional force when the piston-shaped reaction vessel is moved. It is another object of the present invention to provide a cooling device having a configuration in which effective heat exchange with a heat medium is performed.
（ニ） 課題を解決するための手段 本発明の冷却装置において、金属水素化物を充填する
反応容器は、複数の細管状容器と熱交換を促進させるた
めに配設されたフィンからなり、水素圧力−温度平衡特
性の異なる２種類の金属水化物に対してそれぞれ用意さ
れた反応容器を水素配管によって連通し、これを１つの
ピストン状（円筒状）に形成する。これを異なる温度に
区画された熱媒流路内に設置し直接的に熱媒との熱交換
を行わせるようにする。(D) Means for Solving the Problems In the cooling device of the present invention, the reaction vessel filled with the metal hydride is composed of a plurality of narrow vessels and fins arranged to promote heat exchange. -A reaction vessel prepared for each of two kinds of metal hydrides having different temperature equilibrium characteristics is communicated by a hydrogen pipe, and formed into one piston (cylindrical). This is installed in a heat medium flow path partitioned at different temperatures so that heat exchange with the heat medium is directly performed.
また、このような構造をもつピストン状反応容器を２
組用い、それらを交互に高温部、常温部及び低温部の３
つに区画された熱媒流路内で往復動させることによっ
て、一方の反応容器が水素の再生運転にあるときにも、
もう一方の反応容器により冷却運転を行えるようにし
て、連続的に冷熱を取り出せる構成とした。In addition, a piston-like reaction vessel having such a structure is
Use them in pairs and alternately use them in the high-temperature section, normal-temperature section, and low-temperature section.
By reciprocating in the divided heat medium flow path, even when one of the reaction vessels is in the hydrogen regeneration operation,
The cooling operation was performed by the other reaction vessel, so that cold heat could be continuously taken out.
（ホ） 作用 第１の金属水素化物（以下M1Hと称す）と第２の金属
水素化物（以下M2Hと称す）とそれらを連通する水素流
路からなるピストン状の反応容器をM2Hが高温熱媒流路
内に、またM1Hが常温熱媒流路内に位置するように制御
すると高圧のM2H側からM1H側に水素が移動し、M1H側で
吸蔵されていく。(E) Action A piston-shaped reaction vessel comprising a first metal hydride (hereinafter referred to as M 1 H), a second metal hydride (hereinafter referred to as M 2 H), and a hydrogen flow path connecting them is referred to as M. When 2 H is controlled to be in the high-temperature heat medium flow path and M 1 H is controlled to be in the normal temperature heat medium flow path, hydrogen moves from the high-pressure M 2 H side to the M 1 H side, and the M 1 H side It will be occluded.
以上のような再生過程が行われた後、ピストン状の反
応容器をある動力を与えることによって移動させM2Hが
常温部、M1Hが被冷却空間に位置するように制御すれ
ば、M2H側の高温状態は冷却熱媒体によって常温に戻さ
れる。一方M1H側は水素を吸蔵した低温高圧状態にある
ため、M1H側から水素が放出され、M2H側に水素流路を通
して移動する。M1H側は吸熱的に水素を放出するので、M
1H側では冷凍熱が発生し、その結果、吸熱器のファンを
回すことで効率的な吸熱が行なわれ、被冷却空間の冷却
が成される。一方M2H側は冷却熱媒体により常温低圧状
態が保持されているので水素移動が効果的に行なわれ
る。After the regeneration process as described above is performed, the piston-shaped reaction vessel is moved by applying a certain power to control M 2 H to be at a room temperature and M 1 H to be located in a space to be cooled. high temperature state of the 2 H side is returned to the normal temperature by cooling heat medium. On the other hand, since the M 1 H side is in a low-temperature and high-pressure state in which hydrogen is stored, hydrogen is released from the M 1 H side and moves to the M 2 H side through a hydrogen flow path. Since the M 1 H side releases hydrogen endothermically, M
On the 1H side, freezing heat is generated, and as a result, efficient heat absorption is performed by turning the fan of the heat absorber, thereby cooling the space to be cooled. On the other hand, on the M 2 H side, the normal temperature and low pressure state is maintained by the cooling heat medium, so that hydrogen transfer is effectively performed.
このようなピストン状の反応容器を２組用い、それぞ
れの反応容器の位相をずらすことにより再生、冷却過程
を連続的に行なわせることが可能である。このようなサ
イクルを繰り返すことにより、被冷却空間の温度を冷却
温度に下げることができる。By using two sets of such piston-like reaction vessels and shifting the phases of the respective reaction vessels, it is possible to continuously perform the regeneration and cooling processes. By repeating such a cycle, the temperature of the space to be cooled can be lowered to the cooling temperature.
（ヘ） 実施例 以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。第
１図は本発明の冷却装置に用いられる２種類の金属水素
化物における水素圧力−温度平衡特性図を示し、第２図
は第１図の特性を持つ金属水素化物を使用して構成した
冷却装置の構成図、第３図は各金属水素化物を収納する
収納容器単体の構成図を示す。(F) Example Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a hydrogen pressure-temperature equilibrium characteristic diagram of two kinds of metal hydrides used in the cooling device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a cooling system constituted by using a metal hydride having the characteristics shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of the apparatus, and FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a single storage container that stores each metal hydride.
まず第２図について説明すると、１は第１図で示す水
素圧力−温度平衡特性を有する２種類の金属水素化物を
収納した円筒形反応容器であり、左側にIIで示すLaNi5
系の金属水素化物M2Hを、右側にＩで示すMmNi5系の金属
水素化物M1Hを収納しており、２つの金属水素化物（合
金）は水素配管によりつながれている。２は反応容器１
と全く同様の構造及び機構を有する金属水素化物収納容
器であり、反応容器１が再生過程にあるときこの容器２
は冷却過程、逆に反応容器１が冷却過程にあるとき容器
２は再生過程にあるというサイクルを繰り返すことによ
って連続的に冷熱を取り出すことを可能のしている。３
は被冷却空間である冷却室であり、上記反応容器１ある
いは容器２のMmNi5系金属水素化物M1Hと熱的に接触して
おり、ファン12によって効率的な熱交換が行なわれる。
なお、上記容器１、２の再生過程と冷却過程間の移動は
例えばモータで駆動されるクランク機構等の動力源６に
より連接棒７を介して行なわれる。また第２図（ａ）の
正面図に示した８、10はそれぞれ熱源より加熱された高
温熱媒体および常温に冷却するための常温の熱媒体の流
路であり、これらの流路間は断熱材４、５により熱的に
遮断される構造となっており、それぞれファン９と11に
より容器１および２と熱媒体間の熱交換を効率的に行な
えるようになっている。First Referring to Figure 2, 1 represents a hydrogen pressure indicated by Fig.1 - is a two cylindrical reaction container containing the metal hydride having a temperature equilibrium properties, LaNi 5 indicated by II on the left
A metal hydride M 2 H of the system is accommodated, and a metal hydride M 1 Ni of the MmNi 5 system indicated by I is housed on the right side, and the two metal hydrides (alloys) are connected by a hydrogen pipe. 2 is a reaction vessel 1
A metal hydride storage container having exactly the same structure and mechanism as that of
Can continuously take out cold energy by repeating a cycle in which the reaction vessel 1 is in the cooling step and the vessel 2 is in the regeneration step. 3
Is a cooling chamber, which is a space to be cooled, which is in thermal contact with the MmNi 5- based metal hydride M 1 H in the reaction vessel 1 or the vessel 2, and efficient heat exchange is performed by the fan 12.
The movement of the containers 1 and 2 between the regeneration step and the cooling step is performed via a connecting rod 7 by a power source 6 such as a crank mechanism driven by a motor. Reference numerals 8 and 10 shown in the front view of FIG. 2A denote flow paths of a high-temperature heat medium heated by a heat source and a normal-temperature heat medium for cooling to room temperature, respectively. It is structured so as to be thermally isolated by the members 4 and 5, and the heat exchange between the containers 1 and 2 and the heat medium can be efficiently performed by the fans 9 and 11, respectively.
ところで、金属水素化物M1H、M2Hを収納する容器１お
よび２の構造は、第３図のようになっている。仮に図に
示した容器１が冷熱発生過程にあるとすると、MmNi5系
の金属水素化物M1Hを収納した細管状の容器15より、水
素が放出され、水素配管17を通ってLaNi5系の金属水素
化物を収納した容器14に導入される。このとき容器15側
では、吸熱反応が起こり、被冷却空間内の熱媒体が冷却
される。また容器14側の断熱材５はこのとき、熱源側の
高温熱媒体と常温への冷却用熱媒体との断熱の役割を果
たし、断熱材16は常温熱媒体と被冷却空間内の熱媒体と
の断熱の役割を果たしている。By the way, the structures of the containers 1 and 2 for storing the metal hydrides M 1 H and M 2 H are as shown in FIG. Assuming that the container 1 shown in the figure is in the process of generating cold heat, hydrogen is released from the thin tubular container 15 containing the metal hydride M 1 H of the MmNi 5 system, and is passed through the hydrogen pipe 17 to the LaNi 5 system. Is introduced into the container 14 containing the metal hydride. At this time, on the container 15 side, an endothermic reaction occurs, and the heat medium in the space to be cooled is cooled. At this time, the heat insulating material 5 on the side of the container 14 plays a role of heat insulation between the high-temperature heat medium on the heat source side and the heat medium for cooling to room temperature, and the heat insulating material 16 forms the heat medium between the room temperature heat medium and the heat medium in the space to be cooled. Plays the role of insulation.
（ト） 発明の効果 以上のように本発明によれば、熱媒配管回路の制御が
不要となるため冷凍システムの小容量化、簡略化がはか
れると共に、熱交換を水冷式ではなく空冷式で作動でき
るようになっているので、冷却水源あるいは冷却塔、冷
却水及び熱媒ポンプが不要となり、小型化した空冷式の
金属水素化物を利用した冷却装置を提供できる。(G) Effect of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, the control of the heat medium piping circuit is not required, so that the capacity of the refrigeration system can be reduced and simplified, and the heat exchange can be performed by air cooling instead of water cooling. Since it can be operated, a cooling water source or a cooling tower, cooling water and a heat medium pump are not required, and a small-sized air-cooled cooling device using metal hydride can be provided.
第１図は本発明の冷却装置に用いられる２種類の金属水
素化物の水素圧力−温度平衡特性図、第２図は本発明の
冷却装置の構成図で（ａ）図は外観正面図、（ｂ）図は
側面図、（ｃ）図は平面図、第３図は金属水素化物を収
納する反応容器の構造を示し、（ａ）図は外観正面図、
（ｂ）図は細管状の金属水素化物収納容器群にファンを
付設している（ａ）図における熱交換部のＡ−Ａ断面図
である。 １、２……容器、３……被冷却空間（冷却室）、４、
５、16……断熱材、６……動力源、７……連接棒、８、
10……熱媒体の流路、９、11、12……ファン、13……フ
ィン、14、15……細管状の容器、17……水素配管。FIG. 1 is a hydrogen pressure-temperature equilibrium characteristic diagram of two kinds of metal hydrides used in the cooling device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the cooling device of the present invention. FIG. 3 (b) is a side view, FIG. 3 (c) is a plan view, FIG. 3 shows the structure of a reaction vessel containing metal hydride, FIG.
(B) is a sectional view taken along line AA of the heat exchange unit in (a) in which a fan is attached to the group of thin metal hydride storage containers. 1, 2 ... container, 3 ... space to be cooled (cooling chamber), 4,
5, 16 ... thermal insulation, 6 ... power source, 7 ... connecting rod, 8,
10: Heat medium flow path, 9, 11, 12: Fan, 13: Fin, 14, 15: Tubular container, 17: Hydrogen piping.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 名迫 賢二 大阪府守口市京阪本通２丁目18番地 三 洋電機株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭57−92670（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭59−107162（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭61−285358（ＪＰ，Ａ) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Kenji Nasako 2-18-18 Keihanhondori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-57-92670 (JP, A) JP-A JP-A-61-285358 (JP, A)
Claims (1)
金属水素化物を充填した複数の細管状容器と相互間の水
素流路を１つのピストン状に形成した円筒形容器を２組
用い、これらの円筒形容器を動力源により交互に高温
部、常温部及び低温部の３つの部分に区画された熱媒流
路内で往復動させることにより連続的に冷熱を発生させ
るようにしたことを特徴とする金属水素化物を利用した
冷却装置。1. A plurality of tubular containers filled with two kinds of metal hydrides having different hydrogen pressure-temperature equilibrium characteristics, and two sets of cylindrical containers formed with a single piston-like hydrogen flow path therebetween. That the cylindrical container is reciprocated alternately by a power source in a heat medium flow path partitioned into three parts of a high-temperature part, a normal-temperature part and a low-temperature part to continuously generate cold heat. A cooling device using metal hydride, which is a feature.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23752389A JP2703361B2 (en) | 1989-09-13 | 1989-09-13 | Cooling device using metal hydride |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23752389A JP2703361B2 (en) | 1989-09-13 | 1989-09-13 | Cooling device using metal hydride |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0399170A JPH0399170A (en) | 1991-04-24 |
| JP2703361B2 true JP2703361B2 (en) | 1998-01-26 |
Family
ID=17016591
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23752389A Expired - Fee Related JP2703361B2 (en) | 1989-09-13 | 1989-09-13 | Cooling device using metal hydride |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2703361B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5676202A (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1997-10-14 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Heat exchanger |
-
1989
- 1989-09-13 JP JP23752389A patent/JP2703361B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0399170A (en) | 1991-04-24 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |