JP2022191965A - Sheet for box - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a box sheet that facilitates the assembly of the bottom of a box.
A box sheet according to an aspect of the present invention includes a pair of length panels and a pair of width panels that are alternately connected in the left-right direction, and extending from lower edges of the pair of length panels. A pair of bottom outer flaps and a pair of bottom inner flaps extending from the lower edges of the pair of width panels are provided. A notch edge is provided on the tip edge on the other side of the connecting direction from the valley fold line of the pair of bottom outer flaps, and the notch edge extends to the bottom outer flap. It is defined by a first portion that extends obliquely in one side of the connection direction from the distal end side of the flap toward the proximal side, and a second portion that is provided continuously from the distal end of the first portion and extends in the other side in the connection direction. The notches of the pair of bottom outer flaps engage with each other to assemble the bottom of the box.
[Selection drawing] Fig. 1

Description

The present invention relates to box sheets.

2. Description of the Related Art A box formed by assembling box sheets made of corrugated cardboard sheets or the like is widely used as a packaging container for articles. For this box, a one-touch type is used in which the bottom flaps are automatically assembled by unfolding the side panels, which are endlessly connected and folded into a flat plate shape, into a rectangular shape in plan view to assemble the bottom part. ing.

Box sheets assembled into a one-touch type box include a pair of first flaps extending from the lower edges of a pair of first side panels and a pair of second flaps extending from the lower edges of a pair of second side panels. and a flap. In addition, a valley fold line extends from the corner on the base end side to the tip edge on one end side in the width direction of each first flap. Each first flap is provided with a triangular strip of glue defined by a valley fold line (see US Pat.

JP 2019-182488 A

The box sheet described in Patent Document 1 is provided with recesses (locking portions) that are engaged with each other at the tip edges of a pair of first flaps. The locking portion includes a first straight portion extending inward in the width direction of the first flap continuously from the tip of the valley fold line, and a second straight portion extending from the tip of the first straight portion perpendicular to the first straight portion. have. This box sheet prevents the bottom from being unintentionally opened by interlocking the locking portions.

However, in assembling this conventional one-touch type box, it is necessary to bond the glue pieces of the first flap and the second flap in advance. Therefore, this box has room for further improvement in terms of facilitating assembly from the sheet to the box.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a box sheet that facilitates assembly of the bottom of a box.

The box sheet according to one aspect of the present invention is alternately connected in the left-right direction, and includes a pair of length side panels and a pair of width side panels that form a rectangular tubular portion in an assembled state, and the pair of length side panels. A box sheet assembled into a box, comprising a pair of outer bottom flaps extending from the lower edges of the face panels and a pair of inner bottom flaps extending from the lower edges of the pair of width panels, wherein The pair of bottom outer flaps is provided with a valley fold line extending from a corner on the base end side on one side in the connecting direction to the tip end edge while being inclined inward in the width direction, and the valley fold of the pair of bottom outer flaps A notch edge is provided on a tip edge on the other side of the connecting direction from the line, and the notch edge extends from the tip end side of the bottom outer flap toward the base end side while being inclined in the one side of the connecting direction. and a second portion continuously provided at the tip of the first portion and extending in the other side of the connecting direction, and the rectangular cylindrical portion is viewed from above. The pair of bottom inner flaps are folded toward the inner surface of the rectangular tubular portion, and the pair of bottom outer flaps are folded along the valley fold lines to form the pair of bottom inner flaps. By deforming the square tubular portion into a rectangular shape in plan view from the state in which it is folded over the outer surface of the box, the cuts of the pair of bottom outer flaps engage with each other to assemble the bottom portion of the box.

The box sheet according to one aspect of the present invention allows easy assembly of the bottom of the box.

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a box sheet according to one embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing a box formed by assembling the box sheets of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a schematic bottom view of the box of FIG. 2. FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the box shown in FIG. 2 with the lid portion opened. 5 is a schematic bottom view showing the procedure for assembling the bottom of the box of FIG. 2. FIG. 6 is a schematic bottom view showing the next step of FIG. 5 for assembling the bottom of the box of FIG. 2. FIG. 7 is a schematic bottom view showing the next step of FIG. 6 for assembling the bottom of the box of FIG. 2. FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view showing a box sheet according to a form different from the box sheet in FIG. 1. FIG.

[Description of the embodiment of the present invention]
First, embodiments of the present invention will be listed and described.

The box sheet according to one aspect of the present invention is alternately connected in the left-right direction, and includes a pair of length side panels and a pair of width side panels that form a rectangular tubular portion in an assembled state, and the pair of length side panels. A box sheet assembled into a box, comprising a pair of outer bottom flaps extending from the lower edges of the face panels and a pair of inner bottom flaps extending from the lower edges of the pair of width panels, wherein The pair of bottom outer flaps is provided with a valley fold line extending from a corner on the base end side on one side in the connecting direction to the tip end edge while being inclined inward in the width direction, and the valley fold of the pair of bottom outer flaps A notch edge is provided on a tip edge on the other side of the connecting direction from the line, and the notch edge extends from the tip end side of the bottom outer flap toward the base end side while being inclined in the one side of the connecting direction. and a second portion continuously provided at the tip of the first portion and extending in the other side of the connecting direction, and the rectangular cylindrical portion is viewed from above. The pair of bottom inner flaps are folded toward the inner surface of the rectangular tubular portion, and the pair of bottom outer flaps are folded along the valley fold lines to form the pair of bottom inner flaps. By deforming the square tubular portion into a rectangular shape in plan view from the state in which it is folded over the outer surface of the box, the cuts of the pair of bottom outer flaps engage with each other to assemble the bottom portion of the box.

The box sheet includes a first portion in which the notch edge extends from the tip end side of the bottom outer flap toward the base end side while being inclined in one side of the connection direction, and the first portion is continuous with the tip end of the first portion. provided and having a V-shaped cut defined by a second portion extending on the other side of the connection direction, and by engaging the cuts provided on the pair of bottom outer flaps, the box body The bottom of the can be assembled. More specifically, the box sheet has the rectangular tubular portion arranged in a parallelogram shape in a plan view, the pair of inner bottom flaps bent toward the inner surface of the rectangular tubular portion, and the pair of outer bottom flaps. are folded on the outer surfaces of the pair of bottom inner flaps by folding the valley fold lines into the valley folds, and then sliding the pair of longitudinal panels in the direction facing each other, so that the pair of cuts can be occlusion. As a result, the box sheet can be easily assembled to form the bottom of a box formed by folding the pair of outer bottom flaps over the outer surfaces of the pair of inner bottom flaps.

The angle of the first portion with respect to the lower edge of the longitudinal panel is preferably 10° or more and 60° or less. Since the angle of the first portion with respect to the lower edge of the longitudinal panel is within the above range, the rectangular cylindrical portions arranged in a parallelogram shape in plan view are separated from each other by the pair of longitudinal panels. By deforming them so that they face each other, the pair of incisions can be easily and reliably engaged with each other.

The second portion may be inclined toward the longitudinal panel side toward the other side of the connecting direction. In this way, the second portion is inclined toward the longitudinal panel side toward the other side of the connection direction, so that the square cylindrical portions arranged in a parallelogram shape in plan view are arranged in the lengthwise direction of the pair. By deforming the face panels so that they face each other, the pair of cuts can be easily and reliably engaged with each other.

It is preferable that the notch edge is provided continuously with the second portion and has a convex portion reaching a side edge of the bottom outer flap. In this way, the notch edge is provided continuously with the second portion and has a protrusion extending to the side edge of the outer bottom flap, so that the notch edge of the outer bottom flap provided with the protrusion is attached to the notch. , it is easy to guide the cut provided in the other bottom outer flap. As a result, the pair of incisions can be more easily engaged with each other.

It is preferable that the outer bottom flap and the inner bottom flap do not have portions to be adhered to be adhered to each other. With the box sheet, the bottom portion of the box body can be easily assembled without bonding the outer bottom flap and the inner bottom flap.

In addition, in the present invention, the "left-right direction" refers to the horizontal direction in a general mode of use assumed for a box formed by assembling box sheets. In addition, the "bottom" means the bottom in a general usage mode assumed for a box formed by assembling box sheets. "Inside" means the inside of a box formed by assembling box sheets, and "outside" means the outside of a box formed by assembling box sheets. "Articulating direction" means the direction in which a pair of length panels and a pair of width panels are articulated.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate.

[Box sheet]
The box sheet 10 of FIG. 1 is alternately connected in the left-right direction, and includes a pair of length panels 1 and a pair of width panels 2 that form a rectangular tubular portion in an assembled state, and a pair of length panels. 1 and a pair of inner bottom flaps 4 extending from the lower edges of the pair of width panels 2. The box sheet 10 includes a pair of outer lid flaps 5 extending from the upper edges of the pair of length panels 1 and a pair of inner lid flaps 6 extending from the upper edges of the pair of width panels 2. , and a passage 7 extending from the outer side edge of the longitudinal panel 1 located on the laterally outer side (left side in FIG. 1) of the pair of longitudinal panels 1 . In addition, in the present invention, the "upper" means the upper in a general mode of use assumed for a box formed by assembling box sheets. In FIG. 1, thick solid lines indicate cutting lines formed by cutting the sheet, and thin solid lines indicate ruled lines formed by creasing one side of the sheet.

The box sheet 10 is composed of one sheet. The box sheet 10 can be assembled into a box, specifically assembled into the box 20 in FIG. A procedure for assembling the box sheet 10 into the box 20 will be described. First, the length panel 1 located on the left side in the left-right direction (left side in FIG. 1) is folded over the inner surface of the width panel 2 connected to the length side panel 1, and the width side panel 2 located on the left side in the left-right direction (right side in FIG. 1) is folded. The width panel 2 is folded over the inner surface of the length panel 1 connected to the width panel 2, and the extension 7 is adhered to the inner surface of the folded width panel 2. - 特許庁As a result, the pair of length side panels 1 and the pair of width side panels 2 are endlessly connected to assemble the square tubular portion 21 . Next, the pair of inner bottom flaps 4 are folded toward the inner surface of the width panel 2, and the pair of outer bottom flaps 3 are folded over the outer surfaces of the inner bottom flaps 4, and the pair of outer bottom flaps 3 are engaged. By doing so, the bottom part 22 is assembled. Subsequently, the pair of inner lid flaps 6 are folded inward, and the pair of outer lid flaps 5 are folded inward, and the tip edges are butted against each other. Then, a sealing tape 100 is adhered to the joint between the tip edges of the pair of lid outer flaps 5 to assemble the lid portion of the box body 20.例文帳に追加Thereby, the box 20 of FIG. 2 is assembled. Details of the procedure for assembling the bottom portion 22 of the box 20 will be described later.

The sheet used for the box sheet 10 is not particularly limited as long as it has strength enough to maintain the shape of the box 20 formed by assembling the box sheet 10. For example, a corrugated cardboard sheet, cardboard, or the like. paper sheets, synthetic resin sheets, laminated sheets of paper sheets and synthetic resin sheets, and the like. Among them, a paper sheet is preferable, and a corrugated cardboard sheet is particularly preferable, from the viewpoints of workability, shock absorption, handleability, recyclability, economy, and the like. The corrugated cardboard sheet forming the box sheet 10 is obtained by laminating a corrugated core of base paper to a liner. For example, the corrugated corrugated core is laminated to a single liner. single-faced corrugated cardboard sheet, double-faced corrugated cardboard sheet with a liner attached to the crest of a single-faced corrugated cardboard sheet, double-faced corrugated cardboard sheet with a corrugated top of a single-faced corrugated board attached to one side of a double-sided corrugated sheet, and one side of a double-faced corrugated cardboard sheet A multiple double-faced corrugated cardboard sheet obtained by laminating the crests of a single-faced corrugated board further can be used. Among these, a double-faced corrugated cardboard sheet is preferable from the viewpoints of workability, economy, durability, and the like.

(long side panel)
The longitudinal panel 1 has a substantially rectangular shape. Also, the pair of length surface panels 1 have substantially the same shape. The length of the length panel 1 in the left-right direction can be equal to or greater than the length of the width panel 2 in the left-right direction. The length in the left-right direction of the length panel 1 can be set based on the size of the articles to be accommodated in the box 20, and can be, for example, 10 cm or more and 50 cm or less. The vertical length of the length panel 1 can be set based on the size of the articles to be accommodated in the box 20, and can be, for example, 5 cm or more and 30 cm or less.

(Width panel)
The width panel 2 has a substantially rectangular shape. Also, the pair of width panels 2 have substantially the same shape. The length of the width panel 2 in the left-right direction can be set based on the size of the articles to be accommodated in the box 20, and can be, for example, 5 cm or more and 30 cm or less. The vertical length of the width panel 2 can be the same as the vertical length of the length panel 1 .

(bottom outer flap)
The bottom outer flap 3 extends from substantially the entire area of the lower edge 1 a of the longitudinal panel 1 . That is, the width of the bottom outer flap 3 is substantially equal to the length of the length panel 1 in the left-right direction. The pair of bottom outer flaps 3 have substantially the same shape.

The pair of bottom outer flaps 3 are provided with a valley fold line 3a extending from a base end corner on one side in the connection direction (the X side in FIG. 1) to a tip edge while being inclined inward in the width direction. The valley fold line 3a is an easy fold line that is bent so as to protrude inside the box 20 . The valley fold line 3a is linear. The valley fold line 3a can be a lead ruled line in which, for example, ruled lines and slits formed by squeezing the inner surface of the sheet are alternately and continuously arranged. The angle α of the valley fold line 3a with respect to the lower edge 1a of the longitudinal panel 1 can be, for example, 40° or more and 60° or less.

A notch edge 3b is provided at the tip edge of the pair of bottom outer flaps 3 on the other side in the connection direction (the Y side in FIG. 1) from the valley fold line 3a. The notch edge 3b is continuous with a first portion 11 extending from the distal end side of the bottom outer flap 3 toward the proximal end side while being inclined in one side of the connection direction (the X side in FIG. 1), and the distal end of the first portion 11. , and has a V-shaped notch 13 defined by a second portion 12 extending on the other side in the connecting direction (Y side in FIG. 1). Moreover, the notch edge 3b has a convex portion 14 that is provided continuously with the second portion 12 and reaches the side edge of the bottom outer flap 3 (side edge on the other side in the connecting direction).

As will be described later, the cutouts 13 provided in the pair of bottom outer flaps 3 are arranged so that the pair of longitudinal panels 1 are aligned with each other from the state in which the rectangular cylindrical portions 21 are arranged in the shape of a parallelogram when viewed from above. They are occlusion by sliding them to the other side in the connecting direction so as to face each other. Therefore, the incision 13 is opened toward the side opposite to the side where the valley fold line 3a is arranged.

The first portion 11 is, for example, linear. The lower limit of the angle β of the first portion 11 with respect to the lower edge 1a of the longitudinal panel 1 is preferably 10°, more preferably 30°. On the other hand, the upper limit of the angle β is preferably 60°, more preferably 50°. If the angle β is less than the lower limit, it may not be easy to engage the cuts 13 provided in the pair of bottom outer flaps 3 . Conversely, if the angle β exceeds the upper limit, it may become difficult to maintain the interlocking state between the cuts 13 . Note that the first portion 11 can also be configured to be curved. In this case, the angle β can be obtained by averaging the minimum and maximum angles of the first portion 11 with respect to the lower edge 1a of the longitudinal panel 1 .

The second portion 12 is preferably inclined toward the longitudinal panel 1 toward the other side of the connection direction (the Y side in FIG. 1). According to this configuration, the opening angle of the cut 13 can be increased while opening the cut 13 toward the side opposite to the side where the valley fold line 3a is arranged. As a result, by deforming the rectangular tubular portion 21 arranged in a parallelogram shape in plan view so that the pair of longitudinal panels 1 face each other, the pair of notches 13 can be easily and reliably engaged with each other. can.

The convex portion 14 protrudes toward the tip side of the bottom outer flap 3 . When the bottom portion 22 of the box 20 is assembled, the convex portion 14 covers the outer surface side of the other bottom outer flap 3 to prevent the other bottom outer flap 3 from lifting (lifting due to the reaction force of the sheet material). Suppress. The box sheet 10 is provided in the notch 13 of the bottom outer flap 3 on which the protrusion 14 is provided and on the other bottom outer flap 3 by forming the protrusion 14 on the notch edge 3b. It is easy to guide the cut 13. As a result, the pair of cuts 13 can be more easily engaged with each other.

(bottom inner flap)
The bottom inner flap 4 extends from substantially the entire area of the lower edge of the width panel 2 . A pair of bottom inner flaps 4 have substantially the same shape. The bottom inner flap 4 has a side edge 4a on the other side in the connection direction (the Y side in FIG. 1) inclined inward in the width direction from the base end side to the tip end side. Thus, the bottom inner flap 4 is provided so that the side edge 4a and the inner surface of the square tubular portion 21 do not interfere with each other when the square tubular portion 21 is deformed from a parallelogram shape in plan view to a rectangular shape. . The side edge 4a is linear, for example.

The outer bottom flap 3 and the inner bottom flap 4 do not have a portion to be adhered to be adhered to each other. In other words, the box sheet 10 is different from the conventional one-touch type box in which the outer bottom flap 3 and the inner bottom flap 4 are adhered in advance. The box sheet 10 allows the bottom part 22 of the box body 20 to be easily assembled without bonding the outer bottom flap 3 and the inner bottom flap 4 .

<Assembly procedure for the bottom>
Details of the procedure for assembling the bottom portion 22 of the box 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 7. FIG. The box sheet 10 can be assembled with the bottom portion 22 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the pair of outer bottom flaps 3 are arranged on the outer surface side of the pair of inner bottom flaps 4 . That is, the pair of bottom inner flaps 4 are not exposed to the outer surface side of the box 20 . Further, the bottom outer flap 3 and the bottom inner flap 4 are not connected at the bottom portion 22 .

As shown in FIG. 5, the box sheet 10 has a square tubular portion 21 arranged in a parallelogram shape in a plan view, a pair of bottom inner flaps 4 folded toward the inner surface side of the square tubular portion 21, and the box sheet 10 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, the pair of bottom outer flaps 3 are folded so that the valley fold lines 3a protrude inward and are folded over the outer surfaces of the pair of bottom inner flaps 4, and then, as shown in FIG. By deforming the shaped portion 21 into a rectangular shape in plan view, the cuts 13 of the pair of bottom outer flaps 3 are engaged with each other, and the bottom portion 22 of the box 20 can be assembled. More specifically, the box sheet 10 folds the pair of bottom outer flaps 3 along valley fold lines 3a into valley folds, and slides the pair of longitudinal panels 1 to the other side in the connecting direction (the Y side in FIG. 7). The bottom part 22 of the box body 20 can be assembled by making the cuts 13 formed on the pair of bottom outer flaps 3 engage with each other. At this time, the pair of bottom inner flaps 4 pushes the pair of bottom outer flaps 3 outward due to the reaction force of the sheet material, and the protrusions 14 provided on the bottom outer flaps 3 push the other bottom outer flap 3. By covering the outer surface side, the incisions 13 can be easily guided so as to engage with each other.

(Lid outer flap)
The lid outer flap 5 has a substantially rectangular shape. Also, the pair of lid outer flaps 5 have substantially the same shape. The width of the lid outer flap 5 is substantially equal to the length of the length panel 1 in the left-right direction. The length of the lid outer flap 5 in the extending direction is approximately 1/2 of the length of the width panel 2 in the left-right direction.

(Flap inside the lid)
The lid inner flap 6 has a substantially rectangular shape. Also, the pair of inner lid flaps 6 have substantially the same shape. The width of the inner lid flap 6 is substantially equal to the length of the width panel 2 in the left-right direction. The extension direction length of the inner lid flap 6 can be the same as the extension direction length of the outer lid flap 5 .

<Advantages>
The box sheet 10 includes a first portion 11 in which the notch edge 3b extends from the tip end side of the bottom outer flap 3 toward the base end side while being inclined in one side of the connection direction, and the first portion 11 is continuous with the tip end of the first portion 11. and has a V-shaped cut 13 defined by a second portion 12 extending on the other side in the connection direction, and the cuts 13 provided on the pair of bottom outer flaps 3 are engaged with each other. , the bottom 22 of the box 20 can be assembled. More specifically, the box sheet 10 has a square tubular portion 21 arranged in a parallelogram shape in a plan view, a pair of inner bottom flaps 4 bent toward the inner surface of the square tubular portion 21, and a pair of outer bottom flaps. 3 is folded on the outer surface of the pair of bottom inner flaps 4 by folding the valley fold line 3a into the valley fold, and then sliding the pair of longitudinal panels 1 in the direction facing each other to form a pair of cuts 13. They can bite each other. As a result, the box sheet 10 can be easily assembled into the bottom portion 22 of the box body 20 in which the pair of bottom outer flaps 3 are folded over the outer surfaces of the pair of bottom inner flaps 4 .

[Other embodiments]
The above embodiments do not limit the configuration of the present invention. Therefore, in the above-described embodiment, the components of each part of the above-described embodiment can be omitted, replaced, or added based on the description of the present specification and common general technical knowledge, and all of them are interpreted as belonging to the scope of the present invention. should.

As shown in FIG. 8, in the box sheet 30, the bottom inner flap 34 may have an easy fold line 34b extending parallel to and adjacent to its base edge.

The second portion may for example extend parallel to the lower edge of the longitudinal panel. Also, the second portion may be inclined toward the other side in the connection direction (the side opposite to the side where the valley fold line is arranged) so as to be separated from the longitudinal panel.

The notch edge can also be configured without the above-described convex portion. Moreover, the notch edge may include a portion other than the first portion, the second portion, and the convex portion.

In the box sheet, the specific configuration for forming the lid of the box is not particularly limited.

Although the box sheet does not require the outer bottom flap and the inner bottom flap to be bonded, it is possible to bond the outer bottom flap and the inner bottom flap according to the user's preference. It is possible.

As described above, the box sheet according to one aspect of the present invention is suitable for facilitating the assembly of the bottom of the box.

1 Length side panel 1a Lower edge 2 Width side panel 3 Bottom outer flap 3a Valley fold line 3b Notched edges 4, 34 Bottom inner flap 4a Side edge 5 Lid outer flap 6 Lid inner flap 7 Passages 10, 30 Box sheet 11 1st part 12 2nd part 13 Notch 14 Protruding part 20 Box body 21 Square tubular part 22 Bottom part 34b Easy folding line 100 Sealing tape α Angle of valley fold line with respect to lower edge of length panel β Below length panel angle of the first part to the edge

Claims (5)

a pair of length side panels and a pair of width side panels, which are alternately connected in the left-right direction and form a rectangular tubular portion in an assembled state;
a pair of bottom outboard flaps extending from the lower edges of the pair of longitudinal panels;
A box sheet assembled into a box body, comprising a pair of bottom inner flaps extending from the lower edges of the pair of width panels,
The pair of bottom outer flaps are provided with a valley fold line extending from a corner on the base end side on one side in the connecting direction to the tip edge while being inclined inward in the width direction,
A notch edge is provided at the tip edge of the pair of bottom outer flaps on the other side in the connecting direction from the valley fold line,
The notch edge is provided continuously with a first portion extending from the distal end side of the bottom outer flap toward the proximal end side toward the one side in the connecting direction, and the distal end of the first portion, the cut edge extending in the connecting direction. a V-shaped notch defined by a second portion extending to the other side;
The square tubular portion is arranged in a parallelogram shape in a plan view, the pair of inner bottom flaps are folded toward the inner surface of the square tubular portion, and the pair of outer bottom flaps are folded so that the valley fold line is a valley fold. By deforming the square tubular portion into a rectangular shape in a plan view from the state of folding over the outer surfaces of the pair of bottom inner flaps, the notches of the pair of bottom outer flaps are engaged with each other, thereby forming a box body. Box sheet from which the bottom is assembled. 2. The box sheet according to claim 1, wherein the angle of said first portion with respect to the lower edge of said longitudinal panel is 10[deg.] or more and 60[deg.] or less. 3. The box sheet according to claim 1, wherein the second portion is inclined toward the longitudinal panel side toward the other side of the connecting direction. 4. The box sheet according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the notch edge is provided continuously with the second portion and has a convex portion extending to the side edge of the bottom outer flap. 5. The box sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the outer bottom flap and the inner bottom flap do not have portions to be adhered to be adhered to each other.

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