JP2018188274A - Counterweight state detection device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a counterweight state detection device capable of preventing a feed amount detector from being damaged even if a user forgets to detach a hook serving as a hooking part from a left side flange serving as an engaging part.SOLUTION: A separation mechanism 5 is provided between a hook 1 and a wire 2 serving as a linear member. When a tensile force equal to or more than a predetermined tension value is applied to the wire 2, a portion coupled with a predetermined coupling force in the separation mechanism 5 (i.e. a portion where an upper magnet 5a and a lower magnet 5b are in contact with each other) is separated.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for detecting the state of a counterweight mounted on a counterweight base of a work machine.

  The applicant has already filed an application for a counterweight state detection device for a work machine (for example, a crane such as a crawler crane) that is inexpensive, has a simple component configuration, and can accurately detect the state of the counterweight (for example, a crane such as a crawler crane). Patent Document 1). The counterweight state detection device described in Patent Document 1 includes a length measuring device in which a linear member (wire) fed out along the outer surface of the counterweight is wound, and a counterweight from a signal from the length measuring device. And an arithmetic device for calculating the mounting state of the computer.

  The length measuring device includes a reel on which the wire is wound, and a potentiometer connected to the reel and detecting a wire feeding amount that changes in accordance with the mounting state of the counterweight. . The reel is attached to the side surface of the counterweight base on which the counterweight is mounted. Further, a locking portion is provided on the side surface of the counterweight base opposite to the side on which the reel is mounted, and the wire of the wire fed to the locking portion along the outer surface of the counterweight is provided. The tip is locked.

Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-125758

  Since the counterweight is heavy, the counterweight mounted on the crane needs to be removed from the counterweight base and transported due to transportation restrictions. However, if you forget to remove the tip of the wire from the locking part and lift the counterweight from the counterweight base using an auxiliary crane, the reel and the potentiometer constituting the length measuring device will be damaged. There is a risk of letting you.

  The counterweight is also lifted from the counterweight base using an auxiliary crane during disassembly work other than the crane work state (assembled / disassembled state). Also in this case, if forgetting to remove the tip of the wire from the locking portion and lifting the counterweight from the counterweight base using an auxiliary crane, the reel constituting the length measuring device There is a risk of damaging the potentio.

  The object of the present invention is to provide a feed amount detector (for example, the above-mentioned long length) even if forgetting to remove a hooking portion (for example, the tip of the wire) from a hook (for example, the locking portion). Another object of the present invention is to provide a counter weight state detection device capable of preventing damage to a reel and a potentiometer constituting the measuring device.

The counterweight state detection device according to the present invention is:
A hook portion that hooks to a hook portion provided in the counterweight;
A linear member that is attached to the front end side and is adapted to be along the outer surface of the counterweight;
A feed amount detection device having a feed amount detector attached to the counter weight base for detecting a feed amount of the linear member that changes according to a mounting state of the counter weight;
An arithmetic device that obtains the mounting state of the counterweight from the output signal of the feed amount detector by calculation,
A separation mechanism is provided between the hook portion and the counterweight base.

  In the present invention, the separation mechanism is provided either between the engaging portion and the counterweight base. Thereby, even if it forgets to remove a latching part from a latching part, the counterweight state detection apparatus which can prevent damage to a feeding amount detector can be provided.

It is a model front view for demonstrating the state in which the counterweight which concerns on this invention was mounted in the counterweight base. FIG. 2 is a perspective explanatory view seen from diagonally right with respect to the paper surface of FIG. 1 in order to explain how to engage the counterweight with the latching portion and how to attach the feed amount detector to the counterweight base. . FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory diagram for enlarging A part of FIG. 2 and explaining a separation mechanism, a gripping part, and a feed amount detector provided between a hooking part and a linear member. FIG. 4 is a schematic wiring diagram of an arithmetic device and a display connected to the feed amount detector shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory diagram for explaining an operation state of the separation mechanism shown in FIG. 3, (a) is a magnetic coupling state, and (b) is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the separation state. 4A and 4B are schematic explanatory views for explaining an operation state of the separation mechanism shown in FIG. 3, in which FIG. 4A is a spring-type coupling state, and FIG. 4B is a schematic explanatory view showing the separation state. FIG. 7 is a schematic explanatory diagram for explaining the operation state (coupled state) of the separation detector provided in the spring-type separation mechanism shown in FIG. 6A and the flow of output signals of the separation detector. FIG. 7 is a schematic explanatory diagram for explaining an operation state (separation state) of a separation detector provided in the spring-type separation mechanism shown in FIG. 6B and a flow of an output signal of the separation detector. FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory diagram for explaining a grip detector provided in the grip portion shown in FIG. 3 and the flow of its output signal. FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a display provided in the feed amount detector shown in FIG. 2, in which (a) is a state in which a gripping portion is not gripped, and (b) is a schematic description showing a state in which the gripping portion is gripped. FIG. It is a model explanatory drawing for demonstrating the principle of the feeding amount detector of a system different from the feeding amount detector shown in FIG. FIG. 12 is a schematic explanatory diagram for explaining a state in which the arrangement of proximity switches of the feed amount detector shown in FIG. 11 is adjusted, where (a) is for model a, (b) is for model b, and (c) is It is model explanatory drawing in the case of the model c.

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Examples of the work machine on which the counterweight is mounted include a crane such as a crawler crane. In the embodiment described below, a crawler crane is assumed as a work machine. However, the work machine on which the counterweight is mounted is not limited to a crane such as a crawler crane.

(First embodiment)
The counterweight state detection device of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a schematic front view for explaining a state in which a counterweight according to the present invention is mounted on a counterweight base. In FIG. 1, the counterweight 110 is mounted on the rear part of the upper swing body constituting the crawler crane, and a necessary number (for example, left and right) is mounted on the counterweight base 100 provided at the rear part of the upper swing body. 4 layers are arranged). The counterweight 110 is for ensuring the stability of the crane body by balancing with the suspension load.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view seen from the right side of FIG. 1 to explain how to engage the counterweight with the latching portion and how to attach the feed amount detector to the counterweight base. FIG. In FIG. 2, 110a and 110b are a left flange and a right flange attached so as to be orthogonal to the side surface of the counterweight 110, and 110c is a bar fixed to the left flange 110a and the right flange 110b. A step is constituted by the left flange 110a, the right flange 110b, and the rod 110c, and the counterweights arranged in layers can be raised and lowered using this step. For example, the left flange 110a can be used as a latching portion provided in the counterweight 110 according to the present invention. Further, for example, a hook (described later, reference numeral 1) as a hooking portion that is hooked to the left flange 110a (hanging portion) is attached to the distal end side, and a wire 2 as a linear member that extends along the outer surface of the counterweight 110. Is arranged. Further, the feed amount detector 3 is attached to the counter weight base 100 that detects the feed amount of the wire 2 that changes according to the mounting state of the counter weight 110. In the present embodiment, the example in which the left flange 110a is used as the latching portion has been described, but the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto. However, the above steps are generally attached to the counterweight, and if this step is used, there is an advantage that it is not necessary to provide a hooking portion only for hooking the hook 1. In addition, the wire 2 is a metal wire, for example.

  FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of part A in FIG. 2, and a separation mechanism 5 provided between the hook 1 (engagement portion) and the wire 2 (linear member), a gripping portion 6 attached to the separation mechanism 5 and a feeding amount. FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory diagram for explaining the detector 3. In FIG. 3, the feed amount detector 3 includes a reel 4 that accommodates the wire 2 by winding it. The reel 4 has a built-in potentiometer 4a for detecting the feed amount of the wire 2 fed from the reel 4.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic wiring diagram of the arithmetic unit 7 connected to the feed amount detector 3 shown in FIG. 3 and the display 10 connected to the arithmetic unit 7 by communication. The arithmetic unit 7 includes a storage unit 9 for storing the planned mounting state of the counterweight 110 mounted on the crane, and the output signal S1 (analog signal) of the planned mounting state of the counterweight 110 and the potentiometer 4a constituting the feed amount detector 3. ) And a calculation unit 8 that calculates the actual mounting state of the counterweight 110 by calculation.

FIGS. 5A and 5B are schematic explanatory views for explaining the operation state of the separation mechanism 5 shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 5A is a schematic explanatory view showing a magnetic coupling state, and FIG. 5B is a schematic explanatory view showing the separation state. The separation mechanism 5 includes an upper magnet 5a and a lower magnet 5b. As shown in FIG. 5A, the upper magnet 5a and the lower magnet 5b are coupled with a predetermined coupling force C. Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, when a tensile force B equal to or greater than a predetermined tension value A is applied to the wire 2, the portion (upper magnet 5a) coupled with a predetermined coupling force C in the separation mechanism 5 And the lower magnet 5b are in contact with each other).
Here, predetermined binding force C <predetermined tension value A ≦ predetermined tension value A or higher tensile force B

  The predetermined coupling force C is a force required when detecting the amount of wire 2 that changes in accordance with the mounting state of the counterweight 110. The predetermined tension value A is a value set for separating from the state in which the upper magnet 5a and the lower magnet 5b are coupled (contacted) in the separation mechanism 5. Therefore, even if the counterweight 110 is lifted from the counterweight base 100 using the auxiliary crane while forgetting to remove the hook 1 (engagement portion) from the left flange 110a (latching portion), the feed amount detector 3 (for example, the reel 4 or the potentiometer 4a constituting the same) is not damaged. The principle of the present invention is also applied to another type of separation mechanism and another type of feed amount detector, which will be described later, and provides similar effects. Further, in the present embodiment, the example in which the separation mechanism is provided between the hook 1 (engagement portion) and the wire 2 (linear member) has been described. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto. 2 (linear member) may be provided either between the hooking portion (hook 1) and the counterweight base 100, such as between the feed amount detector 3 and the counterweight base 100.

(Second Embodiment)
With reference to FIG. 6, a counterweight state detection apparatus according to the second embodiment will be described. Since this embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in the separation mechanism, this part will be described in detail, and the same components will be assigned the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted. 6A and 6B are schematic explanatory views for explaining the operation state of the separation mechanism shown in FIG. 3, in which FIG. 6A is a spring-type coupling state, and FIG. 6B is a schematic explanatory view showing the separation state. In FIG. 6, 20 is a separation mechanism, 20a is a housing of the separation mechanism 20, 20b is a block having a recess attached to the hook 1, 20c is a support provided on the inner wall of the housing 20a, and 20d is a support 20c. A ball 20e is attached to the tip of the rod, 20e is a spring wound around the column 20c, and 20f is an opening through which a block 20b provided at the top of the housing 20a can pass. As shown in FIG. 6A, the ball 20d is coupled to the recess of the block 20b with a predetermined coupling force C. Further, as shown in FIG. 6B, when a tensile force B greater than or equal to a predetermined tension value A is applied to the wire 2, the portion (the sphere 20d is connected with a predetermined coupling force C in the separation mechanism 20). It is configured to be separated at a portion in contact with the concave portion of the block 20b.

(Third embodiment)
With reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, a counterweight state detection apparatus according to a third embodiment will be described. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment and the second embodiment in that the separation mechanism 20 shown in FIG. 6 has a switch as a separation detector for detecting the presence or absence of separation. The parts will be described in detail, and the same components will be assigned the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted. FIG. 7 is a schematic explanatory diagram for explaining the operating state (coupled state) of the switch 30 as the separation detector provided in the spring-type separation mechanism 20 shown in FIG. 6A and the flow of the output signal of the switch 30. FIG. 8 is a schematic explanatory diagram for explaining the operation state (separation state) of the separation detector provided in the spring-type separation mechanism shown in FIG. 6B and the flow of the output signal of the separation detector. is there. As shown in FIG. 7, when the sphere 20d is coupled at a position in contact with the recess of the block 20b (in a state where it is not separated), an output signal S2 that turns on the switch 30 is generated. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, when the ball 20d is separated at a position where it comes into contact with the concave portion of the block 20b, an output signal S2 for turning off the switch 30 is generated. 7 and 8, the output signal S2 is displayed so as to be input to the arithmetic device 7 by wire. However, this is only for convenience of explanation, and the output signal S2 is wirelessly calculated. 7 is preferably input. Moreover, in this embodiment, although the example provided with the switch 30 as a separation detector which detects the presence or absence of separation by the separation mechanism 20 in the separation mechanism 20 was described, it is not necessarily limited to this, For example, the separation detector can be provided in the feed amount detector 3.

  In addition, based on the output signal S <b> 2 of the switch 30, the presence / absence of separation is notified by at least one of the sound from the buzzer 11 and the display on the display 10. In the present embodiment, the example in which the presence / absence of separation is notified by sound or display has been described. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto. Configuration is also conceivable.

(Fourth embodiment)
With reference to FIG. 9, a counterweight state detection apparatus according to a fourth embodiment will be described. This embodiment differs from the first to third embodiments in that a pressure-sensitive switch as a grip detector that detects whether or not the grip portion 6 is gripped by the grip portion 6 shown in FIGS. 40. Therefore, this part will be described in detail, and the same components will be assigned the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted. FIG. 9 is a schematic explanatory diagram for explaining the flow of the pressure-sensitive switch 40 as a gripping detector provided in the gripping unit 6 shown in FIG. 3 and its output signal S3. In FIG. 9, the output signal S3 of the pressure-sensitive switch 40 is displayed so as to be input to the arithmetic device 7 by wire, but this is only for convenience of explanation, and the output signal S3 is transmitted to the arithmetic device 7 wirelessly. Preferably it is entered. Further, based on the output signal S3 of the pressure-sensitive switch 40, it is configured to notify whether or not the grip portion 6 is gripped by at least one of a sound from the buzzer 11 and a display on the display 10. In the present embodiment, an example of notifying the user of whether or not he / she is gripping has been described by using a sound or a display. However, the present embodiment is not necessarily limited thereto. A configuration with a wide range of alarm means is also conceivable.

(Fifth embodiment)
With reference to FIG. 10, a counterweight state detection apparatus according to a fifth embodiment will be described. The present embodiment is different from the first to fourth embodiments in that the output signal S2 of the switch 30 is a lamp provided in a display unit (reference numeral is not particularly provided) provided in the feed amount detector 3 shown in FIG. 51. The output signal S3 of the pressure sensitive switch 40 is based on the output signal S1 (analog signal) of the lamp 52 provided in the display section (not shown) and the potentiometer 4a constituting the feed amount detector 3. This is a point in which the change in the number of stacked counterweights 110 obtained by the calculation unit 8 is displayed on the collective lamp 50 (configured by lamps 1 to 4) provided in the display unit (the symbol is not particularly specified). Therefore, this part will be described in detail, and the same components will be assigned the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

  In addition, when displaying on the said display part (a code | symbol is nothing in particular) provided in the feed amount detector 3, the output signal S2 of the switch 30 (separation detector) in the arithmetic unit 7 indicates a signal indicating no separation ( ON: ● of lamp 51) and output signal S3 of pressure-sensitive switch 40 (gripping detector) is a signal indicating that gripping portion 6 is being gripped (ON; ● of lamp 52). It is determined that the output signal S1 of the feed amount detector 3 (the lamps 1 and 2 of the collective lamp 50 are marked with ●) is normal, and the output signal S2 of the switch 30 is a signal indicating that there is no separation (ON; lamp 51). The output signal of the feed amount detector 3 when the output signal S3 of the pressure-sensitive switch 40 is a signal indicating that the grip portion 6 is not gripped (OFF; circle mark of the lamp 52). S1 has a function to judge that it is abnormal It has in La. Thus, conventionally, in order to check the state of the feed amount detector 3, it has been necessary to check on the arithmetic unit 7 or the display 10 side, but on the feed amount detector 3 side (that is, on the spot). Confirmation is easy.

(Sixth embodiment)
With reference to FIG. 11, a counterweight state detection apparatus according to a sixth embodiment will be described. The present embodiment differs from the first to fifth embodiments in that the feed amount detector 3 is replaced with a feed amount detector 60. Therefore, this part will be described in detail, and the same components will be assigned the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

  FIG. 11 is a schematic explanatory diagram for explaining the principle of a feed amount detector 60 of a type different from the feed amount detector 3 shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 11A, the feed amount detector 60 includes a reel 61 around which the wire 2 is wound, a slide portion 64 that linearly moves according to a guide 63 according to the rotation of the shaft 62 of the reel 61, and a slide portion 64. For example, four proximity switches 65-68 as a plurality of non-contact type switches arranged in the direction of the linear motion. Further, as shown in FIG. 11 (b), the feeding amount of the wire 2 that changes in accordance with the mounting state of the counterweight 110 (for example, when the number of loaded counterweights 110 becomes 2) is set to the four proximity switches. The signals D1 and D2 corresponding to the mounting state of the counterweight 110 are output based on the detected signals (only the signals of the proximity switches 65 and 66 are turned on). Thereby, it is possible to deal with various stacked states of the counterweights 110 only by a simple program change.

  As an example of the stacked state of the various counterweights 110 described above, the case of model a to model c will be described. For example, the thickness of the counterweight 110 is constant for the model a, the thickness of the counterweight 110 is different for the model b, and the thickness of the counterweight 110 is decreased from four to three for the model b. Say different cases. Corresponding to these, the arrangement of proximity switches may be adjusted as shown in FIG. As described above, the feed amount detector 60 only needs to be provided with an adjustment mechanism that makes it possible to adjust the arrangement of the proximity switches in accordance with the shape of the counterweight 110. 12A and 12B are schematic explanatory views for explaining a state in which the arrangement of the proximity switches 65 to 68 of the feed amount detector 60 shown in FIG. 11 is adjusted. FIG. 12A is a model a, and FIG. 12B is a model b. (C) is a schematic explanatory diagram for the model c. In the present embodiment, the example in which the four proximity switches 65 to 68 as a plurality of non-contact type switches are brought close to the slide portion 64 and arranged in the direction of the linear motion has been described. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto. Instead of the proximity switch, it is possible to use various switches such as a limit switch as a plurality of contact type switches.

  In the first to sixth embodiments, the case where one feed amount detector is provided has been described. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this, and it is naturally possible to provide a plurality of feed amount detectors.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but only a specific example is illustrated, and the present invention is not particularly limited. The specific configuration and the like can be appropriately changed in design. Further, the actions and effects described in the embodiments of the invention only list the most preferable actions and effects resulting from the present invention, and the actions and effects according to the present invention are described in the embodiments of the present invention. It is not limited to what was done.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hook 2 Wire 3, 60 Feed amount detector 4, 61 Reel 4a Potentiometer 5, 20 Separation mechanism 5a Upper magnet 5b Lower magnet 6 Grip part 7 Arithmetic unit 8 Arithmetic part 9 Storage part 10 Display part 11 Buzzer 20a Housing 20b Block 20c Post 20d Sphere 20e Spring 20f Opening 30 Switch 40 Pressure-sensitive switch 50 Collective lamp 50 (lamps 1 to 4)
51, 52 Lamp 62 Shaft 63 Guide 64 Slide portion 65, 66, 67, 68 Proximity switch 100 Counterweight base 110 Counterweight 110a, 110b Left side flange, Right side flange 110c Bar

Claims (12)

A counterweight state detection device for detecting a state of a counterweight mounted on a counterweight base of a work machine,
A hook portion that hooks to a hook portion provided in the counterweight;
A linear member that is attached to the front end side and is adapted to be along the outer surface of the counterweight;
A feed amount detection device having a feed amount detector attached to the counter weight base for detecting a feed amount of the linear member that changes according to a mounting state of the counter weight;
An arithmetic device that obtains the mounting state of the counterweight from the output signal of the feed amount detector by calculation,
A counterweight state detection device, wherein a separation mechanism is provided between the engagement portion and the counterweight base.   When a tensile force B equal to or greater than a predetermined tension value A is applied to the linear member, the linear member is configured to be separated at a position where it is coupled with a predetermined coupling force C in the separation mechanism. The counterweight state detection device according to claim 1.   The counterweight state detection device according to claim 1, further comprising a separation detector that detects the presence or absence of separation by the separation mechanism.   4. The counterweight state detection device according to claim 3, further comprising alarm means for warning the presence or absence of the separation based on an output signal of the separation detector.   The engagement portion or the separation mechanism provided between the engagement portion and the linear member is provided with a grip portion, and the grip portion detects whether or not the grip portion is gripped. The counterweight state detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a gripping detector.   6. The counterweight state detection device according to claim 5, further comprising alarm means for warning whether or not the grip portion is gripped based on an output signal of the grip detector. In the arithmetic unit,
The output of the feed amount detector when the output signal of the separation detector is a signal indicating the absence of separation and the output signal of the gripping detector is a signal indicating that the gripping portion is gripped. Judge that the signal is normal,
The output of the feed amount detector when the output signal of the separation detector is a signal indicating the absence of separation and the output signal of the gripping detector is a signal indicating that the gripping portion is not gripped. 7. The counterweight state detection device according to claim 6, further comprising a function of determining that the signal is abnormal.   8. The feed amount detector is provided with a display unit for displaying changes in the output signal of the separation detector, the output signal of the gripping detector, and the output signal of the feed amount detector. The counterweight state detection device according to 1. The feed amount detector is
A reel around which the linear member is wound;
A potentiometer connected to the reel and detecting a feeding amount of the linear member that changes in accordance with a mounting state of the counterweight;
2. The counter weight state detection device according to claim 1, wherein a signal corresponding to a feeding amount of the linear member is output from the potentiometer. The feed amount detector is
A reel around which the linear member is wound;
A slide portion that linearly moves according to the rotation of the shaft of the reel;
A plurality of switches arranged in the direction of the linear motion, close to the slide portion,
The amount of feeding of the linear member that changes in accordance with the mounting state of the counterweight is detected using the plurality of switches, and the counterweight is mounted based on the detected signals of the plurality of switches. 2. The counterweight state detection device according to claim 1, wherein a signal is output.   The counter weight state detection device according to claim 10, further comprising an adjustment mechanism that enables adjustment of an arrangement of the plurality of switches according to a shape of the counter weight.   The counter weight state detection device according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of feed amount detectors.

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