JP2018165724A - 流体の処理および制御 - Google Patents
流体の処理および制御 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、その開示内容全体が本明細書中に参考として援用される、2000年8月25日に出願された「流体制御処理システム」と題する、同一人に譲渡された同時係属中の米国特許出願第09/648,570号に関連する。
本発明は、全般的には流体の操作に関し、特に、処理および分析のために流体を計測および分配するためのシステムおよび方法に関する。
本発明は、試料内に分析物が存在するか否かを調べるなどのために流体を操作するための装置および方法を提供する。特定の一実施形態においては、たとえば試料チャンバと、廃棄物チャンバと、洗浄チャンバと、溶解物チャンバと、主要混合物つまり試薬チャンバとを含む複数のチャンバを選択的に流体処理領域に流体連通させるために、装置にロータリ弁構成を採用する。流体処理領域と各チャンバとの間の流体の流れは、ロータリ弁の位置を調節することによって制御される。したがって、装置内の流体の計測および分配は、特定のプロトコルに応じて変えることができる。従来の装置と異なり、流体の流れはもはや特定のプロトコルに限定されない。
より特定すれば、本願発明は以下の項目に関し得る。
(項目1)
複数のチャンバを有するハウジングと、
流体移動領域に連続的に流体結合される第1流体処理領域を含む弁本体とを備える流体制御処理システムであって、
上記流体移動領域は流体を上記流体移動領域に引き込むために減圧可能であり、また流体を上記流体移動領域から排出するために加圧可能であり、上記弁本体は複数の外部ポートを含み、上記第1流体処理領域は上記外部ポートのうちの少なくとも2つに流体結合され、上記流体移動領域は上記弁本体の上記外部ポートのうちの少なくとも1つに流体結合され、上記外部ポートを上記複数のチャンバに選択的に流体連通させるために上記弁本体が上記ハウジングに対して調整可能であり、
上記複数のチャンバのうちの少なくとも1つは処理チャンバであり、上記処理チャンバは上記弁本体の上記外部ポートのうちの少なくとも1つに選択的に連通するための第1ポートと第2ポートとを含み、上記処理チャンバは追加の流体処理領域を提供する流体制御処理システム。
(項目2)
上記弁本体内または上記処理チャンバ内の上記流体処理領域のうちの少なくとも1つが濃縮材または減損材である流体処理材を収容する、項目1に記載のシステム。
(項目3)
上記流体処理材が少なくとも1つの固相物質を含む、項目2に記載のシステム。
(項目4)
上記固相物質がビーズ、ファイバ、膜、濾紙、ガラスウール、ポリマー、およびゲルのうちの少なくとも1つを含む、項目3に記載のシステム。
(項目5) 上記流体処理材がフィルタとビーズとを含む、項目3に記載のシステム。
(項目6)
上記流体処理材が少なくとも2種類のビーズを含む、項目3に記載のシステム。
(項目7)
上記少なくとも2種類のビーズが、細胞の捕獲と、細胞の溶解と、分析物の結合と、不要物質の結合とからなる群から選択された少なくとも2つの異なる機能を実行する、項目6に記載のシステム。
(項目8)
上記流体処理領域のうちの少なくとも1つが、細胞の捕獲と、細胞の溶解と、分析物の結合と、不要物質の結合とからなる群から選択された少なくとも2つの異なる機能を実行する固相物質を収容する、項目1に記載のシステム。
(項目9)
上記流体処理材が少なくとも1つの液相物質を含む、項目2に記載のシステム。
(項目10)
上記液相物質が、フィコール、デキストラン、ポリエチレングリコール、およびスクロースのうちの少なくとも1つを含む、項目9に記載のシステム。
(項目11)
1つまたはそれ以上のフリットによって上記流体処理材が上記流体処理領域に封じ込められる、項目2に記載のシステム。
(項目12)
上記外部ポートが上記弁本体のほぼ平坦な外部ポート表面上に配置され、上記外部ポートを上記複数のチャンバに選択的に流体連通させるために上記弁本体が上記複数のチャンバに対して軸中心に回転自在であり、上記軸が上記外部ポート表面に対して直角であり、上記外部ポートが上記軸から半径方向に等距離で離れている、項目1に記載のシステム。(項目13)
上記流体処理領域のうちの少なくとも1つが、細胞の捕獲と、細胞の溶解と、分析物の結合と、不要物質の結合とからなる群から選択された少なくとも2つの異なる機能を実行する1種類のビーズを収容する、項目1に記載のシステム。
(項目14)
上記処理チャンバが、濃縮材または減損材を収容する処理モジュールを収容するための収容域を含む、項目1に記載のシステム。
(項目15)
上記処理チャンバは上記処理モジュールを通って流れた流体を受けるための収集域をさらに含み、上記処理モジュールは上記濃縮材または減損材を上記処理モジュール内に保持する手段と、上記流体を上記収集域に導くための注ぎ口とを含む、項目14に記載のシステム。
(項目16)
上記チャンバのうちの少なくとも1つが乾燥または凍結乾燥された試薬を収容する試薬チャンバである、項目1に記載のシステム。
(項目17)
複数のチャンバと少なくとも1つの分離チャンネルとを有するハウジングと、
流体移動領域に連続的に流体結合される流体処理領域を含む弁本体とを含む流体制御処理システムであって、
上記流体移動領域は流体を上記流体移動領域に引き込むために減圧可能であり、また流体を上記流体移動領域から排出するために加圧可能であり、上記弁本体は少なくとも1つの外部ポートを含み、上記流体処理領域は上記少なくとも1つの外部ポートに流体結合され、上記流体移動領域は上記弁本体の少なくとも1つの外部ポートに流体結合され、上記少なくとも1つの外部ポートを上記複数のチャンバと上記少なくとも1つの分離チャンネルとに選択的に流体連通させるために、上記弁本体が上記ハウジングに対して調整可能である流体制御処理システム。(項目18)
上記分離チャンネルの少なくとも一部分の両端に電場を印加するために上記ハウジングに結合された複数の電極をさらに含む、項目17に記載のシステム。
(項目19)
上記電極が一対の金属管を上記分離チャンネルの2つの両端に備える、項目18に記載のシステム。
(項目20)
上記分離チャンネルの両端に流体結合される貯留槽と、上記弁本体の少なくとも1つの外部ポートに連通するために上記貯留槽の1つに流体結合される貯留槽ポートとをさらに含む、項目17に記載のシステム。
(項目21)
上記チャンバのうちの少なくとも1つが乾燥または凍結乾燥された試薬を収容する試薬チャンバである、項目17に記載のシステム。
(項目22)
少なくとも1つの外部ポートと、上記少なくとも1つの外部ポートに流体結合される流体処理領域に連続的に流体結合される流体移動領域とを含む弁と、複数のチャンバと、少なくとも1つの分離チャンネルとの間の流体の流れを制御するための方法であって、
上記少なくとも1つの外部ポートを上記複数のチャンバと上記分離チャンネルとに選択的に流体連通させるために、上記複数のチャンバと上記少なくとも1つの分離チャンネルとに対して上記弁を調整するステップを含む方法。
(項目23)
上記分離チャンネルの少なくとも一部分の両端に電場を印加するステップをさらに含む、項目22に記載の方法。
(項目24)
上記弁本体の上記少なくとも1つの外部ポートに連通するための貯留槽ポートを持ち上記分離チャンネルの一端に流体結合される貯留槽を介して、上記外部ポートを上記分離チャンネルに流体連通させる、項目22に記載の方法。
(項目25)
上記分離チャンネル内の種バンドを光学的に検出するステップをさらに含む、項目22に記載の方法。
(項目26)
複数のチャンバを有するハウジングと、
流体移動領域に連続的に流体結合される流体処理領域を含む弁本体とを含む流体制御処理システムであって、
上記流体移動領域は、流体を上記流体移動領域に引き込むために減圧可能であり、また流体を上記流体移動領域から排出するために加圧可能であり、上記弁本体は外部ポートを含み、上記流体処理領域が上記外部ポートに流体結合され、上記流体移動領域が上記弁本体の上記外部ポートに流体結合され、上記外部ポートを上記複数のチャンバに選択的に流体連通させるために上記弁本体が上記ハウジングに対して調整可能である、流体制御処理システム。
(項目27)
上記外部ポートを閉じて上記流体移動領域と上記流体処理領域とを上記チャンバから流体隔離するために、上記弁本体が上記ハウジングに対して調整可能である、項目26に記載のシステム。
(項目28)
上記チャンバのうちの少なくとも1つまたは上記流体処理領域が濃縮材または減損材を収容する、項目26に記載のシステム。
(項目29)
上記濃縮材または減損材が細胞の捕獲と、細胞の溶解と、分析物の結合と、不要物質の結合とからなる群から選択された機能を実行する、項目28に記載のシステム。(項目30)
上記チャンバのうちの少なくとも1つが、上記弁本体の上記外部ポートに選択的に連通するための入口ポートと出口ポートとを有する処理チャンバである、項目26に記載のシステム。
(項目31)
上記処理チャンバが濃縮材または減損材を収容する処理モジュールを収容するための収容域を含む、項目30に記載のシステム。
(項目32)
上記処理チャンバが上記処理モジュールを通って流れた流体を受けるための収集域をさらに含み、上記処理モジュールが上記処理モジュール内の濃縮材または減損材を保持する手段と、上記流体を上記収集域に導くための注ぎ口とを含む、項目31に記載のシステム。
(項目33)
上記チャンバのうちの少なくとも1つが乾燥または凍結乾燥された試薬を収容する試薬チャンバである、項目26に記載のシステム。
(項目34)
上記流体移動領域が、容積の拡大によって減圧可能であり、また容積の縮小によって加圧可能である、項目26に記載のシステム。
(項目35)
上記流体移動領域内に配置された流体移動部材をさらに含み、上記流体移動領域の容積を調整するために上記流体移動部材が移動可能である、項目34に記載のシステム。
(項目36)
上記流体移動部材が上記流体移動領域内で直線方向に移動可能なピストンを含む、項目35に記載のシステム。
(項目37)
上記流体移動部材が、上記流体移動領域内で移動するようにピストンシャフトを駆動するためのピストンロッドの遠位端部分に接続された、上記ピストンロッドの断面より小さい断面を有するピストンシャフトを含む、項目36に記載のシステム。
(項目38)
上記流体処理領域に収容されている流体を処理するためのエネルギーを上記流体処理領域に伝達するために、上記流体処理領域に作動的に結合されるエネルギー伝達部材をさらに含む、項目26に記載のシステム。
(項目39)
上記流体処理領域と上記エネルギー伝達部材との間に配置されたカバーをさらに含む、項目38に記載のシステム。
(項目40)
上記カバーが剛性シェルを有する、項目39に記載のシステム。
(項目41)
上記エネルギー伝達部材が超音波エネルギーを上記カバーを通して上記流体処理領域に伝達するための超音波部材を有する、項目39に記載のシステム。
(項目42)
上記弁本体が交差チャンネルを含み、流体をソースチャンバから上記交差チャンネルを介して吸引チャンバに吸引するために、上記交差チャンネルを上記吸引チャンバと上記ソースチャンバとに流体連通させるように、弁本体が上記ハウジングに対して調整可能である、項目26に記載のシステム。
(項目43)
上記本体が軸中心に回転自在に調整可能であり、上記少なくとも1つの外部ポートが上記軸からの外部ポート半径の範囲内に配置され、上記交差チャンネルが上記軸からの交差チャンネル半径の範囲内に配置され、上記外部ポートの半径範囲と上記交差チャンネルの半径範囲とが重ならない、項目42に記載のシステム。(項目44)
上記交差チャンネルが上記軸からの共通交差チャンネル半径上に位置する円弧である、項目43に記載のシステム。
(項目45)
チャンバ間のチャンバ容積の切り換えを可能にするために、上記複数のチャンバのうちの少なくとも2つが可とう壁で隔てられている、項目26に記載のシステム。
(項目46)
複数のチャンバ間の流体の流れを制御するための流体制御処理システムであり、
流体移動領域に連続的に流体結合される流体処理領域を含む本体を含むシステムであって、上記流体移動領域は流体を上記流体移動領域に引き込むために減圧可能であり、また流体を上記流体移動領域から排出するために加圧可能であり、上記本体は少なくとも1つの外部ポートを含み、上記流体処理領域は上記少なくとも1つの外部ポートに流体結合され、上記流体移動領域は上記弁本体の少なくとも1つの外部ポートに流体結合され、上記少なくとも1つの外部ポートを上記複数のチャンバに選択的に流体連通させるために上記本体が上記複数のチャンバに対して回転自在に調整可能であるシステム。
(項目47)
上記チャンバのうちの少なくとも1つまたは上記流体処理領域が濃縮材または減損材を収容する、項目46に記載のシステム。
(項目48)
上記チャンバのうちの少なくとも1つが乾燥または凍結乾燥された試薬を収容する試薬チャンバである、項目46に記載のシステム。
図1〜図4は、複数のチャンバ13を有するハウジング12を含む流体制御処理システム10を示す。図1は、例示のために露出されたチャンバ13を示す。チャンバ13を封じるために、一般に上部カバーが設けられる。図3および図4において最もよくわかるように、流体制御装置16と反応容器18とは、ハウジング12のそれぞれ異なる部分に接続される。図示の本実施形態における流体制御装置は、回転式流体制御弁16である。弁16は、ディスク部22と管状部24とを有する弁本体20を含む。ディスク部22は、図3において最もよくわかるように、ほぼ平坦な外部ポート表面23を有する。弁16は、ハウジング12に対して回転自在である。ハウジング12は、チャンバ13と弁16との間の流体連通を可能とするために、弁16(図4)のディスク部22の外部ポート表面23に面した複数のチャンバポート25を有する。オプションのシールまたはガスケット26は、ディスク部22とハウジング12との間に配置される。ディスク部22は、フィルタまたはフィルタスタック27と、外部カバー28と、歯状外周部29とをさらに含む。カバー28は、剛性シェルでも、可とう性フィルムでもよい。
Claims (1)
- 装置、方法またはシステム。
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