JP2018165579A - Heat storage device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat storage device capable of preventing the substance to be adsorbed from solidifying at 0°C and preventing the influence of the high temperature on the component composition of the substance to be adsorbed. SOLUTION: A heat storage part accommodating zeolite, an adsorbed substance storage part connected to the heat storage part for storing an adsorbed substance adsorbed by the zeolite, the heat storage part and the adsorbed substance storage And a heat exchange section connected to the section, and the object to be adsorbed is an antifreeze solution containing at least water and alcohols. [Selection diagram] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat storage device capable of repeating heat generation and heat storage by utilizing the action of releasing heat when zeolite adsorbs an adsorbed object and absorbing the heat to desorb the adsorbed object.

  In recent years, heat storage devices that store and use exhaust heat in industrial plants and the like and store and use exhaust heat obtained from automobile engines have been studied.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, a chemical heat storage material composite containing a powdered chemical heat storage material 62 and a foam expansion material 63 disposed adjacent to the chemical heat storage material 62 includes an inner tube 61 and an outer tube 67. The reaction flow path 64 through which water vapor as a working fluid that is stored between and acting on the heat storage / radiation of the chemical heat storage material 62 circulates is configured in the inner pipe 61, and exchanges heat with the chemical heat storage material 62. There has been proposed a heat storage container 6 in which a heat exchange channel 66 through which a gaseous fluid as a heat exchange medium to be circulated is provided between an outer tube 67 and an outer wall 65 (Patent Document 1).

  In addition, in order to improve the heat storage efficiency, it has recently been studied to use liquid phase water instead of water vapor as the working fluid. However, when liquid-phase water is used as the working fluid, it freezes (solidifies) at 0 ° C., and thus there is a problem that the heat storage device may not operate smoothly in a cold environment. Therefore, it has been studied to use an antifreeze liquid in which a predetermined component is mixed in liquid phase water as a working fluid.

  However, the chemical heat storage material such as calcium oxide used in Patent Document 1 has a high temperature (heat storage temperature) higher than 350 ° C., which is necessary for heat storage, and therefore the component composition of the antifreeze that is the working fluid is affected. In some cases, the characteristics of the antifreeze liquid and the heat storage reaction of the heat storage material are deteriorated. Moreover, since components other than water in the antifreeze liquid do not react with the chemical heat storage material, there is a problem that the reaction efficiency decreases.

JP 2009-228952 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and is capable of preventing the adsorbed material, which is a working fluid, from solidifying at 0 ° C., while preventing the influence of the high temperature on the component composition of the adsorbed material. The purpose is to provide.

  Aspects of the present invention include a heat storage unit in which zeolite is accommodated, an adsorbed material storage unit that is connected to the heat storage unit and stores an adsorbed material adsorbed on the zeolite, the heat storage unit, and the adsorbed unit. And a heat exchange unit connected to the material storage unit, wherein the object to be adsorbed is an antifreeze liquid containing at least water and alcohols.

  In the above embodiment, the zeolite generates heat due to the adsorption of the adsorbed material, and absorbs the heat to desorb the adsorbed material. Therefore, zeolite functions as a heat storage material. The adsorbed material is a fluid in which water and alcohol are mixed. In the liquid phase, the adsorbed material is an antifreeze having a freezing point of less than 0 ° C.

  An aspect of the present invention is a heat storage device in which the alcohol includes ethanol.

  An aspect of the present invention is a heat storage device in which the antifreeze liquid includes 30% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less of ethanol and the balance is water.

  An aspect of the present invention is a heat storage device in which a separation unit that separates the water and the alcohols is provided between the heat storage unit and the adsorbate storage unit.

  In the said aspect, alcohol is isolate | separated from a to-be-adsorbed object (antifreeze liquid) in a separation part, As a result, the to-be-adsorbed object from which alcohol was isolate | separated is supplied to a thermal storage part.

  An aspect of the present invention is a heat storage device in which the separation unit includes a filter that selectively transmits the water.

  According to an aspect of the present invention, the heat storage unit includes a tubular body, the zeolite accommodated in the tubular body, a flow path penetrating the tubular body in a major axis direction, and the zeolite and the flow path. And a diffusion layer provided.

  The aspect of the present invention includes the heat storage unit, the adsorbed material storage unit that is connected to one end of the tubular body, and stores the adsorbed material in the liquid phase, and the other end of the tubular body. A heat exchange unit connected to the unit, a first piping system connecting the heat storage unit and the adsorbed material storage unit, and a third pipe connecting the adsorbed material storage unit and the heat exchange unit A heat storage device having a circulation system, wherein the circulation system is in an airtight state and deaerated.

  An aspect of the present invention is a heat storage device in which a first valve is provided in the first piping system, and the first valve is closed according to a heat radiation temperature of the heat storage unit.

  According to the aspect of the present invention, since the object to be adsorbed is an antifreeze containing water and alcohols, the reaction efficiency of the heat storage device can be kept high while preventing solidification at 0 ° C. Therefore, the heat storage device of the present invention can operate smoothly even in a cold environment. Moreover, according to the aspect of the present invention, the zeolite whose heat storage temperature is lower than that of the chemical heat storage material is used as the heat storage material of the heat storage section, whereby the ambient temperature during heat storage can be reduced, and as a result, the component composition of the adsorbed object is It can prevent being influenced by the atmospheric temperature during heat storage. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the characteristics of the object to be adsorbed as the antifreeze liquid.

  Note that the heat storage temperature of zeolite is 350 ° C. or lower, for example, 200 ° C. or higher and 350 ° C. or lower. The heat storage temperature is specified as a transition temperature measured using a JIS K7122 transition heat measurement method and using a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurement device. Here, the heat storage temperature refers to a temperature at which 80% of the adsorbed material adsorbed on the zeolite is desorbed.

  According to the aspect of the present invention, when the alcohol contains ethanol, when the adsorbed material is adsorbed on the zeolite and the zeolite generates heat, not only water but also ethanol can contribute to the heat generation of the zeolite. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress the decrease in the calorific value of the zeolite while preventing the adsorbed material from solidifying at 0 ° C. Moreover, since ethanol has a relatively low viscosity among various alcohols, it is possible to prevent the fluidity of the object to be adsorbed from being impaired in the heat storage device.

  According to the aspect of the present invention, the antifreeze is composed of 30% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less of ethanol and the balance is water, so that the freezing point of the adsorbed material is −20 ° C. or less while preventing a decrease in the heat generation efficiency of the zeolite. Therefore, it can operate smoothly and reliably even in a colder environment.

  According to the aspect of the present invention, the heat generation efficiency of zeolite can be improved by providing the separation unit that separates water and alcohols between the heat storage unit and the adsorbate storage unit.

(A) The figure is side surface sectional drawing of the thermal storage part which concerns on 1st Embodiment, (b) A figure is A-A 'sectional drawing of the thermal storage part in Fig.1 (a). (A) is a side sectional view of a heat storage unit according to the second embodiment, and (b) is a B-B ′ sectional view of the heat storage unit in FIG. 2 (a). It is explanatory drawing of the thermal storage apparatus which concerns on the example of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the thermal storage apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the conventional heat storage apparatus.

  Below, the thermal storage apparatus which concerns on the example of embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. In the heat storage device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the heat storage unit in which the zeolite is accommodated, and the adsorbent to be adsorbed on the zeolite connected to the heat storage unit via the first piping system are stored. An adsorbent storage unit; and a heat exchange unit connected to the heat storage unit via a second piping system and connected to the adsorbent storage unit via a third piping system. .

  First, the heat storage part provided in the heat storage apparatus which concerns on the example of embodiment of this invention is demonstrated using drawing. As shown to Fig.1 (a), the thermal storage part 1 which concerns on 1st Embodiment has the cylindrical body 11 which is the tubular body which the both ends opened, and the zeolite 12 arrange | positioned inside the cylindrical body 11. As shown in FIG. I have. The heat storage unit 1 includes a first lid 15 made of a porous body disposed adjacent to one end 13 of the cylindrical body 11 of the zeolite 12, and the other of the cylindrical bodies 11 of the zeolite 12. Adjacent to the inner side surface of the zeolite 12 between the first lid body 15 and the second lid body 16, which is made of a porous body disposed adjacent to the end 14 side of the first lid body 15. The first wick structure 17 having a capillary structure, which is a diffusion layer for transporting a liquid, is provided.

  As shown in FIG.1 (b), the radial cross section of the cylindrical body 11 is circular shape. Moreover, the zeolite 12 is the aspect by which the powder was shape | molded by the cylinder shape, and the cross section of radial direction is circular shape. The central axis of the cylindrical body 11 and the central axis of the zeolite 12 that is cylindrical are arranged coaxially.

  Each of the first lid 15 and the second lid 16 has a circular shape in which a hole is formed in the center, and the wall surface of the hole 15 ′ of the first lid 15 and the second lid The wall surface of the hole 16 ′ of the body 16 is a part of the wall surface of the flow path 18 described later, and forms the end of the flow path 18. Accordingly, the holes 15 ′ and 16 ′ have shapes and dimensions corresponding to the shapes and dimensions of the radial cross section of the flow path 18.

  As shown to FIG. 1 (a), (b), in the thermal storage part 1, the 1st cover body 15, the 2nd cover body 16, the 1st wick structure 17, and the cylindrical body 11 inner surface are respectively It is in direct contact with the opposing zeolite 12 site. The first lid 15 covers the end face of one end of the zeolite 12, the second lid 16 covers the end face of the other end of the zeolite 12, and the first wick structure 17 is inside the zeolite 12. The side surface is covered, and the inner surface of the cylindrical body 11 covers the outer side surface of the zeolite 12. The first lid body 15 and the second lid body 16 are accommodated inside the cylindrical body 11 with respect to the one end 13 and the other end 14, respectively. The first wick structure 17 is connected to the peripheral edge of the hole 15 ′ on the surface of the first lid 15 and the peripheral edge of the hole 16 ′ on the surface of the second lid 16. . Specifically, one end portion of the first wick structure 17 is in contact with the first lid body 15 having a hole portion 15 ′ that forms one end portion of the channel 18 that is open, The other end of one wick structure 17 is in contact with a second lid 16 having a hole 16 ′ that forms the other end of the channel 18 that is open. Therefore, in the heat storage unit 1, the zeolite 12 is coated in a state of being in contact with the first lid 15, the second lid 16, the first wick structure 17, and the inner surface of the cylindrical body 11.

  In the heat storage part 1, the shape of the 1st wick structure 17 is a cylinder shape, and the cross section of radial direction is circular shape. That is, a space that penetrates the cylindrical body 11 in the major axis direction, that is, the flow path 18 is provided inside the first wick structure 17. Therefore, the inner peripheral surface of the first wick structure 17 is the wall surface of the flow path 18.

  Since the zeolite 12 is coated in contact with the inner surface of the first lid 15, the second lid 16, the first wick structure 17, and the cylindrical body 11, the zeolite 12 is liquid as an adsorbed material of the zeolite 12. Even if is used, the shape of the molded zeolite 12 can be maintained. Accordingly, the first wick structure 17 also functions as a holding member having the shape of the zeolite 12. Further, a part of the liquid phase heat transport fluid (adsorbent) L is supplied to one end of the zeolite 12 via the first lid 15. Further, due to the capillary force of the first wick structure 17, the liquid phase heat transport fluid L is smoothly supplied from one end of the zeolite 12 to the entire inner side surface of the zeolite 12. That is, due to the capillary force of the first wick structure 17, the liquid-phase heat transport fluid L is along the longitudinal direction of the first wick structure 17, that is, along the long axis direction of the cylindrical body 11. The zeolite 12 is smoothly and reliably diffused from one end to the other end.

  Since the first wick structure 17 is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the zeolite 12, the liquid phase heat transport fluid L absorbed by the first wick structure 17 is quickly adsorbed by the zeolite 12, Heat H is released.

  The heat H released from the zeolite 12 moves to the liquid-phase heat transport fluid L supplied from one end of the flow path 18. As a result, the liquid-phase heat transport fluid L changes from the liquid phase to the gas phase while moving in the flow path 18 from one end to the other end. The heat transport fluid (that is, the gas phase heat transport fluid G) vaporized in the flow path 18 is discharged from the other end of the flow path 18 to the outside of the heat storage section 1 and further heat H is transferred to the heat exchange section. transport. In this way, the flow path 18 functions as a passage for the gas phase heat transport fluid G. In the heat storage unit 1, the radial cross section of the flow path 18 is circular, and the central axis of the flow path 18 is arranged coaxially with the central axis of the cylindrical body 11.

  Thus, the liquid-phase heat transport fluid L functions as an adsorbed substance that contributes to the heat absorption and heat generation of the zeolite 12 and also transports the heat stored in the zeolite 12 to the heat exchange section. Also works. Therefore, it is not necessary to make the path of the object to be adsorbed and the path of the heat transport fluid different from each other, and the structure of the piping path can be simplified. Moreover, since the adsorbate in the liquid phase rather than the gas phase is adsorbed on the zeolite, an excellent heat storage density can be obtained.

  In the heat storage device of the present invention, a mixed liquid of water and alcohols is used as an adsorbed object. Of the components of the liquid mixture, water is mainly adsorbed on the zeolite 12 and heat H is released. Therefore, water mainly functions as a medium that contributes to the heat absorption and heat generation of the zeolite 12. Moreover, since water has a larger latent heat than alcohols, among the components of the mixed solution, water mainly functions as a heat transport fluid for transporting heat stored in the zeolite 12 to a heat utilization destination.

  The object to be adsorbed is a mixed solution in which alcohol is contained in water, and is an antifreeze having a freezing point of less than 0 ° C. Therefore, even if the heat storage device of the present invention is installed in a cold environment, the object to be adsorbed is prevented from freezing, so that the object to be adsorbed is smoothly supplied to the zeolite 12 of the heat storage unit 1. Therefore, the heat storage device of the present invention can operate smoothly even in a cold environment.

  Moreover, since the zeolite 12 whose heat storage temperature is lower than a chemical heat storage material is used as a heat storage material of the heat storage part 1, the atmospheric temperature at the time of heat storage can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to prevent the component composition of the object to be adsorbed from being affected by the ambient temperature during heat storage. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the function of the object to be adsorbed from deteriorating as an antifreeze.

  It does not specifically limit as alcohol mixed with to-be-adsorbed material, For example, monool and a polyol are mentioned. Examples of monools include aliphatic alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms that have excellent water solubility (for example, chain aliphatic alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, and butanol). Examples of the polyol include divalent aliphatic alcohols having 2 to 5 carbon atoms (for example, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, etc. Chain-type aliphatic alcohols), diols having water solubility such as glycol ethers (eg, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, etc.), triols such as water-soluble trivalent aliphatic alcohols (eg, glycerin, etc.), and the like. It is done. These alcohols may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Among the above alcohols, ethanol and ethylene glycol are preferred in that the viscosity is relatively low among various alcohols, so that the fluidity of the adsorbed material in the heat storage device can be prevented. Ethanol is particularly preferable because it can suppress the decrease in the calorific value of the zeolite by adsorbing to the zeolite and contributing to the heat generation of the zeolite.

  The mixing ratio of alcohols to be adsorbed is not particularly limited, but the lower limit value is, for example, the freezing point of the liquid-phase heat transport fluid L having a function as an adsorbed object regardless of the type of alcohol. Is preferably 10% by mass from the viewpoint of ensuring that the temperature is less than 0 ° C., more preferably 20% by mass, and particularly preferably 30% by mass from the viewpoint of operating the heat storage device even in a colder environment. On the other hand, the upper limit of the blending ratio is preferably 50% by mass, for example, from the viewpoint of preventing the fluidity of the adsorbed material from being impaired regardless of the type of alcohol, and suppresses the reduction in the calorific value of the zeolite. From the point of doing, 45 mass% is more preferable, and 40 mass% is especially preferable.

  The blending ratio when ethanol is used as the alcohol is not particularly limited, but the lower limit value is, for example, that the freezing point of the liquid-phase heat transport fluid L having a function as an adsorbed substance is surely less than 0 ° C. 5 mass% is preferable from the point of operation, 10 mass% is more preferable from the point of operating the heat storage device even in a colder environment, and the solidification point is −20 ° C. or lower so that the heat storage device can be smoothly and reliably even in a colder environment. 30 mass% is especially preferable from the point which operates. On the other hand, the upper limit value of the blending ratio of ethanol is preferably 60% by mass from the viewpoint of preventing the fluidity of the adsorbed material from being impaired, and 50% by mass from the point of suppressing reduction in the calorific value from the zeolite. Is more preferable, and 40% by mass is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of reliably preventing a decrease in the calorific value of the zeolite.

  The first lid body 15 and the second lid body 16 can pass through a liquid-phase heat transport fluid L having a function as an adsorbent, but have a through-hole having a dimension that does not allow the zeolite 12 to pass through. It is a sexual body. The dimension (average diameter) of the through-hole of a porous body will not be specifically limited if it is a dimension which has the said function, For example, it is 50 micrometers or less. Moreover, the material of the 1st cover body 15 and the 2nd cover body 16 is not specifically limited, For example, the metal foil which provided the sintered compact of metal powders, such as copper powder, a metal mesh, a foam metal, and a through-hole And a metal plate provided with through holes.

  The first wick structure 17 is not particularly limited as long as it has a capillary structure, and examples thereof include members such as a metal sintered body and a metal mesh constructed by firing a powdered metal material. Can do. Moreover, the 1st wick structure 17 may be a different body from the 1st cover body 15 and the 2nd cover body 16, like the thermal storage part 1, and as the 1st wick structure body 17, copper powder etc. When using a sintered body of metal powder or a metal mesh, the first lid 15 and the second lid 16 may be integrated.

  The material of the cylindrical body 11 is not specifically limited, For example, copper, aluminum, stainless steel etc. can be mentioned.

  Next, the heat storage unit according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, about the same component as the thermal storage part which concerns on 1st Embodiment, it demonstrates using the same code | symbol. As shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), in the heat storage unit 2 according to the second embodiment, the shape of the long axis is cylindrical, and the cross section in the radial direction is circular. An inner tube 19, which is a tube material having both ends opened, is fitted into the inner peripheral surface of the structure 17. Therefore, in the heat storage unit 2 according to the second embodiment, the inner surface of the inner tube 19 is a wall surface of the flow path 28. Further, the inner pipe 19 is thermally connected to the first wick structure 17 by contacting the inner peripheral surface of the first wick structure 17 and the outer face of the inner pipe 19.

  The inner pipe 19 has a circular cross section in the radial direction, and the central axis of the inner pipe 19 (that is, the central axis of the flow path 28) is arranged coaxially with the central axis of the cylindrical body 11. Further, the end portion of the inner tube 19 is located inside the one end portion 13 and the other end portion 14 of the cylindrical body 11.

  In the heat storage section 2 according to the second embodiment, the heat H received by the first wick structure 17 is supplied from one end of the flow path 28 via the inner pipe 19. Then, it moves to a liquid-phase heat transport fluid L having a function as an adsorbent. Further, by inserting the inner tube 19 into the inner peripheral surface of the first wick structure 17, the inner side surface of the first wick structure 17 is protected from the external environment. Furthermore, since the inner tube 19 can prevent the shape of the first wick structure 17 from changing, the shape of the flow path 28 can be reliably maintained.

  The material of the inner tube 19 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include copper, aluminum, and stainless steel.

  Next, the operation of the heat storage unit according to each embodiment described above will be described. Here, the heat storage unit 1 according to the first embodiment will be described as an example. For example, when the heat storage unit 1 is installed close to a fluid (for example, exhaust gas) that is a heat recovery target, the outer surface of the cylindrical body 11 receives heat from the fluid, and the received heat enters the heat storage unit 1. introduce. The heat transferred from the fluid through the outer surface of the cylindrical body 11 is transmitted to the zeolite 12 that is thermally connected by contacting the inner surface of the cylindrical body 11, and the zeolite 12 is transmitted. Store heat. When the zeolite 12 stores heat, the adsorbed material, which is a mixed fluid of water and alcohols, is desorbed from the zeolite 12 and released from the zeolite 12 as a gas.

  On the other hand, the object to be adsorbed supplied to the heat storage unit 1 is adsorbed by the zeolite 12, so that the heat H is released from the zeolite 12. At this time, heat H is released from the zeolite 12 by adsorbing the adsorbate, which is a mixed liquid of water and alcohols, to the zeolite 12.

  The heat H released from the zeolite 12 is transmitted to the object to be adsorbed supplied to the heat storage unit 1, and a part of the object to be adsorbed changes from the liquid phase to the gas phase. The gas phase heat transport fluid G that has changed phase from the liquid phase in the flow path 18 is transported from the heat storage section 1 to the heat exchange section 106 as a heat medium for transporting the heat H.

  Note that the heat storage unit 1 may include heat exchange means, such as fins, on the outer surface of the cylindrical body 11 in order to improve the efficiency of heat recovery from the fluid that is the target of heat recovery.

  Next, the example of a manufacturing method of the thermal storage part used with the thermal storage apparatus of this invention is demonstrated. Here, the heat storage unit 2 according to the second embodiment will be described as an example. Although the manufacturing method of the heat storage part 2 is not specifically limited, For example, the zeolite 12 is first inserted into the cylinder shape along the inner surface of the cylinder body 11 in the major axis direction of the cylinder body 11. At this time, if necessary, the slurry containing the zeolite 12 may contain a binder, an additive, or the like in addition to the zeolite 12 particles. Examples of the binder include clay-based minerals (such as sepiolite and talc), organic binders such as vinyl alcohol and (meth) acrylic, and inorganic binders such as alumina sol. When the binder is used, it can remain together with the particles of the zeolite 12 and can be solidified. The particles can be connected to each other and can be in close contact with the cylindrical body 11 of the heat storage section 2. In the meantime, higher heat transfer properties can be obtained. Examples of the additive include a dispersant and a viscosity modifier, and known ones can be used. Next, the inner tube 19 is inserted along the long axis direction of the cylindrical body 11, and a diffusion layer is formed in a gap formed between the outer surface of the inner tube 19 and the inner peripheral surface of the zeolite 12. A material (for example, a powdered metal material) that becomes one wick structure 17 is filled. Next, a material that becomes the first lid 15 on one end side of the zeolite 12 (for example, a powdered metal material), and a material that becomes the second lid 16 on the other end side of the zeolite 12 ( For example, powder metal materials) are respectively filled. After filling each material, heat treatment is performed, and the inner side surface is the first wick structure 17, one end is the first lid, and the other end is the second lid. The heat storage part 2 having the covered zeolite 12 can be manufactured.

  If necessary, the heat storage section 2 manufactured as described above may be further flattened to form a flat heat storage section.

  In the case where the first wick structure 17 is formed of a metal mesh or the like, for example, a core rod is inserted into the cylindrical body 11 and the metal mesh or the like is disposed and fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the core rod. The wick structure 17 is formed. Then, the heat storage part 2 may be manufactured by filling and arranging the zeolite 12 in the gap formed between the inner surface of the cylindrical body 11 and the outer surface of the first wick structure 17.

  Further, as a method of providing the diffusion layer (first wick structure 17) on the surface of the zeolite 12, for example, the following method can be used. First, the zeolite 12 is formed into a shape having a hole having a plurality of openings communicating with each other, and the core rod having a shape corresponding to the path of the hole is formed from the opening to the zeolite 12 formed. Insert. Next, a material (for example, a powdered metal material) that becomes a diffusion layer (first wick structure 17) is inserted between the outer surface of the core rod and the inner surface of the hole, and the material is heated or Sinter. Then, a diffusion layer can be provided on the surface of the zeolite 12 by pulling out the core rod.

  Next, the heat storage device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Here, a heat storage device using the heat storage unit 2 according to the second embodiment will be described as an example.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in the heat storage device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, one end portion 13 of the cylindrical body 11 of the heat storage unit 2 that is opened is provided via the first piping system 102. It is connected to the adsorbent storage unit 101 in which the adsorbent is stored. That is, the adsorbate storage unit 101 stores an antifreeze liquid in which water and alcohols are mixed. The first piping system 102 includes a first valve 103 which is a supply unit for the object to be adsorbed. Since the adsorbate storage unit 101 is installed at the same height as the heat storage unit 2 or higher than the heat storage unit 2, the adsorbate is stored in the adsorbent storage by opening the first valve 103. From the portion 101, the heat flows into the heat storage portion 2, that is, the first wick structure 17 and the inner pipe 19 (that is, the flow path 28) through the one end portion 13 of the cylindrical body 11 that is opened. The number of heat storage units 2 installed in the heat storage device 100 is not limited to one, and a plurality of heat storage units 2 may be incorporated in a header unit (not shown) and connected in parallel.

  The adsorbed material that has flowed into the first wick structure 17 is adsorbed by the zeolite 12 and heat H is released. On the other hand, the object to be adsorbed (liquid-phase heat transport fluid L) that flowed into the flow path 28 of the heat storage unit 2 was released while moving the flow path 28 from one end to the other end. The heat H is received and vaporized to become a gas phase heat transport fluid G. The vapor-phase heat transport fluid G vaporized in the flow path 28 is discharged as the heat transport fluid from the other open end 14 of the cylindrical body 11, that is, from the heat storage section 2 to the second piping system 104. Is done.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in the first piping system 102, a partition wall 105 that is a porous body is disposed as a backflow suppressing member between the first valve 103 and the heat storage unit 2. By the partition wall 105, the first piping system 102 is separated into the heat storage unit 2 side and the adsorbed material storage unit 101 side. The porous body, which is the material of the partition wall 105, has a through-hole having a dimension that allows the adsorbed material to pass through. Therefore, when the first valve 103 is opened, the object to be adsorbed is supplied from the object adsorbed substance storage unit 101 through the partition wall 105 to the heat storage unit 2. The partition wall 105, which is a porous body, functions as a member that prevents the backflow of the gas phase heat transport fluid G in the flow path 28.

  The dimension (average diameter) of the through hole of the porous body forming the partition wall 105 is not particularly limited as long as the dimension has the above function. For example, in a predetermined cross section, the diameter when the through hole is converted to a circle is used. 50 micrometers or less. Moreover, the material of the porous body is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include the same material as the first lid body 15 and the second lid body 16. Specifically, for example, metal powder such as copper powder can be used. And a sintered metal, a metal mesh, a foam metal, a metal foil provided with a through hole, a metal plate provided with a through hole, and the like.

  Further, the backflow suppressing member is not limited to the partition wall 105 which is a porous body as long as it can prevent the backflow of the gas phase heat transport fluid G in the flow path 28, and has, for example, one hole. A member, a current plate, etc. may be sufficient and a valve may be sufficient.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the other open end 14 of the tubular body 11 of the heat storage unit 2 is connected to a heat exchange unit 106 (for example, a condenser) via a second piping system 104. The gas phase heat transport fluid G discharged from the other end 14 of the cylindrical body 11 to the second piping system 104 moves in the second piping system 104 toward the heat exchange unit 106, It is introduced into the heat exchange unit 106. The heat exchange unit 106 changes the phase of the gas phase heat transport fluid G introduced from the second piping system 104 to a liquid phase by cooling, for example.

  The gas phase heat transport fluid G introduced into the heat exchanging unit 106 is condensed and changed into a liquid phase, thereby becoming a liquid phase heat transport fluid L and releasing latent heat. The latent heat released by the heat exchange unit 106 is transported to a heat utilization destination (not shown) thermally connected to the heat exchange unit 106. As described above, in the heat storage device 100, the medium adsorbed on the zeolite 12 (that is, the object to be adsorbed) is also used as a heat transport fluid for transporting the heat released from the zeolite 12 to the heat exchange unit 106.

  Furthermore, the heat storage device 100 includes a third piping system 107 that connects the heat exchange unit 106 and the adsorbed material storage unit 101. Via the third piping system 107, the liquid-phase heat transport fluid L that has undergone a phase change from the gas phase in the heat exchange unit 106 is returned from the heat exchange unit 106 to the adsorbate storage unit 101. The third piping system 107 is provided with a second valve 108 which is a supply means for the liquid-phase heat transport fluid L.

  The heat storage device 100 is transferred from the adsorbed material storage unit 101 to the heat storage unit 2 and from the heat storage unit 2 to the heat exchange unit 106 by the first piping system 102, the second piping system 104, and the third piping system 107, respectively. A circulation system in which the heat transport fluid (adsorbed material) circulates from the heat exchange unit 106 to the adsorbed material storage unit 101 is formed. The circulatory system is airtight and degassed. That is, the circulation system has a loop heat pipe structure. Further, the adsorbed material storage unit 101 is installed at the same height as the heat storage unit 2 or at a position higher than the heat storage unit 2. Further, a partition wall 105 for preventing a back flow of the gas-phase heat transport fluid G is disposed in the first piping system 102 between the first valve 103 and the heat storage unit 2.

  Therefore, the capillary force of the first wick structure 17 and the heat storage unit having a relatively high temperature can be used without using a device (such as a pump) for circulating the heat transport fluid contained in the circulation system. 2, the heat transport fluid flows through the circulation system of the heat storage device 100 due to a temperature difference between the inside of the heat exchange unit 106 and the inside of the heat exchange unit 106 that is relatively low in temperature, or a pressure difference between the inside of the heat storage unit 2 and the inside of the heat exchange unit 106. Circulate smoothly.

  Next, the example of operation in the case of making the thermal storage part 2 store heat using the component of the thermal storage apparatus 100 of FIG. 3 is demonstrated. When the heat storage unit 2 stores heat, the heat storage unit 2 receives heat from the external environment in a state where the first valve 103 of the heat storage device 100 is closed and the second valve 108 is opened. When the heat storage unit 2 receives heat from the external environment, the zeolite 12 releases a gas-phase adsorbate. The object to be adsorbed released from the zeolite 12 is the second piping system 104, the heat exchanging unit 106 (in the heat exchanging unit 106, the object to be adsorbed changes in phase from the gas phase to the liquid phase), the third piping system. Through 107, the liquid-phase adsorbed material (that is, the liquid-phase heat transport fluid L) is transported and stored in the adsorbed material storage unit 101.

  The first valve 103 may be closed when the heat storage unit 2 reaches a predetermined heat radiation temperature. In addition, for example, after a heat release operation of the heat storage unit 2, when a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of the heat release of the zeolite 12 (or the opening of the first valve), the liquid-phase heat transport fluid L is stored in the adsorbed object. The timing for closing the first valve 103 may be determined when a predetermined amount is returned to the unit 101 or when the heat dissipation amount of the heat exchange unit 106 reaches a predetermined value.

  When the temperature change of the heat storage unit 2 is measured by a sensor or the like (not shown) and it is determined that the heat storage is completed, not only the first valve 103 but also the second valve 108 is closed to transfer the liquid phase heat. The fluid L is confined in the adsorbent storage unit 101.

  The second valve 108 may be closed according to the storage amount of the liquid heat transport fluid L in the adsorbate storage unit 101. The storage amount of the liquid-phase heat transport fluid L may be obtained by actually measuring the volume in the adsorbent storage unit 101, the heat release time and heat release amount of the zeolite 12, the weight of the adsorbent storage unit 101, and the heat exchange unit. This may be determined from the amount of heat released by 106, the amount of discharge of the liquid-phase heat transport fluid L from the heat exchange unit 106, and the like.

  On the other hand, when the heat stored in the heat storage unit 2 is transported from the heat storage unit 2 to the heat exchange unit 106, the first valve 103 of the heat storage device 100 is opened to store the heat transport fluid L in the liquid phase. While supplying to the unit 2, the second valve 108 is also opened to open the circulation system of the heat storage device 100, thereby operating the heat storage device 100.

  In the heat storage device 100 according to the first embodiment, since the antifreeze that is a mixture of water and alcohols is used as the liquid-phase heat transport fluid L, the heat storage device 100 is installed in a cold environment. In addition, the liquid phase heat transport fluid L stored in the first piping system 102 and the adsorbent storage unit 101 can be prevented from freezing. Therefore, even in a cold environment, the adsorbate (liquid phase heat transport fluid L) is smoothly supplied from the adsorbate reservoir 101 to the zeolite 12 of the heat storage unit 1. Therefore, the heat storage device 100 can operate smoothly even in a cold environment.

  Next, a heat storage device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, about the same component as the thermal storage apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment, it demonstrates using the same code | symbol.

  As illustrated in FIG. 4, the heat storage device 300 according to the second embodiment further separates water and alcohol between the partition wall and the first valve of the heat storage device according to the first embodiment. The portion 301 is provided. In the heat storage device 300, the separation unit 301 is provided in the first piping system 102. The separation unit 301 has a function of removing alcohols from an antifreeze liquid (that is, an object to be adsorbed) obtained by mixing water and alcohols. When the first valve 103 is opened and the object to be adsorbed is supplied to the heat storage unit 2, the alcohol is separated from the object to be adsorbed by the separation unit 301 located upstream of the heat storage unit 2. Therefore, water is supplied to the heat storage unit 2 as an object to be adsorbed.

  Examples of the separation means provided in the separation unit 301 include a water selective permeation filter (membrane) that selectively permeates water without permeating alcohols. The alcohol separated from the adsorbed material in the separation unit 301 is returned to the adsorbed material storage unit 101 as necessary.

  The adsorbed material from which the alcohols have been removed is adsorbed by the zeolite 12, so that the heat generation efficiency of the zeolite 12 can be further improved.

  Next, an example of a warm-up device using the heat storage device of the present invention will be described. For example, by mounting a heat storage unit of a heat storage device on an exhaust pipe connected to an internal combustion engine (engine or the like) mounted on a vehicle, the heat of exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust pipe can be stored in the heat storage unit. By disposing the heat storage part so that at least a part of the outer surface of the cylindrical body of the heat storage part is in direct contact with the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust pipe, the heat storage part can be thermally connected to the heat source.

  The heat derived from the exhaust gas stored in the heat storage unit is transported from the heat storage unit to the heat exchange unit in the circulation system of the heat storage device, and further transported from the heat exchange unit to the warm-up device of the internal combustion engine that is the heat utilization destination. The

  Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the heat storage unit according to the second embodiment, the first wick structure is a member such as a metal sintered body or a metal mesh constructed by firing a powdered metal material. In addition, a groove having a capillary force formed on the outer surface of the inner tube may be used.

  Moreover, in the heat storage part of each said embodiment, although the 1st wick structure was members, such as a metal sintered compact and a metal mesh constructed | assembled by baking a powdery metal material, Instead, the groove | channel which has the capillary force formed in the inner surface of a cylindrical body may be sufficient. Further, a second wick structure having a capillary structure may be provided on the inner surface of the inner tube.

  In the heat storage part of each of the above-described embodiments, the radial cross section of the cylindrical body is circular, but the shape of the cross section is not particularly limited. For example, in addition to the above flat type, an elliptical shape, a triangular shape Alternatively, a polygonal shape such as a rectangular shape, an oval shape, a rounded rectangular shape, or the like may be used. Furthermore, in the heat storage unit of each of the above-described embodiments, the first lid and the second lid are porous bodies, but instead of this, a wick structure having a capillary structure may be used.

  In the heat storage unit according to each of the above embodiments, the first lid body having the hole portion is used, but instead, the first lid body having no hole portion may be used. In this case, the length of the inner tube is appropriately made shorter than the length of the inner tube of the heat storage section, so that the first lid body having no hole portion is connected to one end of the zeolite cylindrical body. It can arrange | position adjacent to a part side.

  Moreover, in the thermal storage part of each said embodiment, although the installation number of the 1st wick structure was one, the installation number is not specifically limited, You may provide two or more according to the condition used. . Moreover, in the heat storage part of each said embodiment, although the number of installation of the flow path provided inside the 1st wick structure was one, the number of installation is not specifically limited, The situation used A plurality of them may be provided depending on the situation. Moreover, although the wick structure is used as the diffusion layer in the heat storage section of each of the above-described embodiments, a pore structure of zeolite may be used instead.

  The method of using the heat storage device of the present invention is not particularly limited other than for the warming-up device of an internal combustion engine mounted on a vehicle. For example, the heat storage device may be used for a heating device in a vehicle. It may be used to recover, store, and use waste heat from the plant. Furthermore, other heat utilization destinations of the heat storage device of the present invention include, for example, indoor heating, a water heater, a dryer, and the like.

  In the heat storage device according to each embodiment of the present invention, the heat storage unit according to the second embodiment is used, but instead, the heat storage unit according to another embodiment may be used.

  The heat storage device of the present invention can be used in a wide range of fields because heat can be reliably radiated from the heat storage section even if the environmental temperature at which the heat storage section is disposed is low (for example, below freezing point). For example, the utility value is high in the field of collecting, storing and using exhaust heat mounted on a vehicle.

1, 2 Heat storage unit 12 Zeolite 100, 300 Heat storage device 101 Adsorbed material storage unit 106 Heat exchange unit

Claims (8)

Connected to the heat storage section in which the zeolite is stored, the adsorbent storage section in which the adsorbate to be adsorbed on the zeolite is connected, the heat storage section, and the adsorbate storage section connected to the heat storage section. A heat exchanging part,
A heat storage device in which the adsorbed object is an antifreeze containing at least water and alcohols.   The heat storage device according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol includes ethanol.   The heat storage device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the antifreeze liquid is composed of 30% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less of ethanol and the balance is water.   The heat storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a separation unit that separates the water and the alcohols is provided between the heat storage unit and the adsorbate storage unit.   The heat storage device according to claim 4, wherein the separation unit includes a filter that selectively transmits the water.   The heat storage section includes a tubular body, the zeolite housed in the tubular body, a flow path penetrating the tubular body in the long axis direction, and a diffusion layer provided between the zeolite and the flow path. The heat storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The heat storage unit;
The adsorbate storage section containing the adsorbate in liquid phase, connected to one end of the tubular body;
A heat exchange section connected to the other end of the tubular body;
A first piping system connecting the heat storage unit and the adsorbed material storage unit;
A third piping system connecting the adsorbed material storage unit and the heat exchange unit;
Having a circulatory system with
The heat storage device according to claim 6, wherein the circulation system is in an airtight state and is deaerated.   The heat storage device according to claim 7, wherein the first piping system is provided with a first valve, and the first valve is closed according to a heat radiation temperature of the heat storage unit.

Images