JP2018140377A - Cavitation jet nozzle and fluid ejection device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cavitation jet nozzle capable of jetting cavitation jet having sufficient capability and supplying the cavitation jet in a narrow region and to provide a fluid injector equipped with the same.SOLUTION: A nozzle body 11 is formed with a first pore part 15 extending in an axis line O direction around an axis line O and a second pore part 25 continuing to the first pore part 15 and gradually increasing a cross-sectional area toward one end apart from the first pore part 15. In one opening edge 29 at the second pore part 25, an opening width in a first radial direction D1 orthogonal to the axis line O is different from an opening width in a second radial direction D2 orthogonal to the first radial direction D1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a cavitation jet nozzle that generates a cavitation jet, and a fluid ejecting apparatus.

  Conventionally, cavitation jet nozzles are known. In this type of nozzle, bubbles are generated by a local boiling phenomenon by ejecting liquid from the orifice at a high speed, and an impact force is generated when the bubbles are crushed as the static pressure increases. And the cavitation jet with this impact force is used for the washing | cleaning of a structure, and various processes.

Such a cavitation jet nozzle is described in Patent Document 1, for example.
In the conventional cavitation jet nozzle like the nozzle of Patent Document 1, a conical ejection hole that gradually increases in diameter toward the downstream in the fluid flow direction is formed in order to sufficiently generate cavitation.

JP-A-60-168554

For example, when descaling a steam generator in which heat transfer tube groups are installed adjacent to each other with a small interval, it is necessary to inject a cavitation jet into a narrow region. However, when the ejection hole is conical like the nozzle described in Patent Document 1, the outer diameter of the nozzle inevitably increases at the opening edge of the ejection hole. Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to supply the cavitation jet to a narrow region.
Here, in order to enable supply of a cavitation jet to a narrow region, it is conceivable to simply reduce the outer diameter of the nozzle at the opening edge of the ejection hole. However, in order to ensure the amount of cavitation, it is difficult to reduce the opening angle of the ejection hole with respect to the central axis of the ejection hole. Therefore, if it is attempted to reduce the outer diameter of the nozzle at the opening edge of the injection hole without reducing the opening angle of the injection hole, the length of the injection hole is shortened, and sufficient cavitation is generated. It cannot be expected and it is difficult to maintain the performance of the cavitation jet nozzle.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a cavitation jet nozzle capable of injecting a cavitation jet having a sufficient capacity and capable of supplying the cavitation jet to a narrow region, and a fluid ejecting apparatus including the cavitation jet nozzle.

  The cavitation jet nozzle according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a first hole extending in the direction of the axis around the axis, and the first hole extending continuously in the direction of the axis. A nozzle body formed with a second hole portion whose cross-sectional area gradually increases toward one side away from the hole portion, and a first opening edge of the second hole portion is orthogonal to the axis. The opening width in the one radial direction is different from the opening width in the second radial direction orthogonal to the axis and intersecting the first radial direction.

  Thus, the opening width (diameter dimension) differs in the opening edge of the 2nd hole of a nozzle main body over the circumferential direction. And it becomes the piece in which the vertically long second hole is formed in the first radial direction. Therefore, the width of the nozzle body in the second radial direction is increased while keeping the opening angle of the second hole portion large in the first radial direction and maintaining a certain length in the axial direction of the second hole portion. It can be kept small. That is, the length of the second hole in the axial direction and the opening diameter of the second hole can be set to necessary and sufficient values capable of generating a cavitation jet having sufficient performance, and the nozzle body The width in the second radial direction can be kept small.

  In the cavitation jet nozzle according to the second aspect of the present invention, the second radial direction in the first aspect is a direction orthogonal to the first radial direction, and the opening edge is the first radial direction. And a pair of long sides extending in the second radial direction, and a pair of short sides extending in the second radial direction.

  Thus, since the opening edge of the second hole is formed in a rectangular shape, the opening diameter in the second radial direction can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the dimension of the nozzle body in the second radial direction and use the cavitation jet nozzle in a narrow area.

  In the cavitation jet nozzle according to the third aspect of the present invention, the second hole in the second aspect forms the pair of short sides and is connected to the first hole. When the pair of guide surfaces are formed in a cross section that is formed by a pair of guide surfaces, includes the axis, and is orthogonal to the short side, the pair of guide surfaces form the same angle with respect to the axis. You may provide so that it may mutually leave | separate gradually toward the said one.

  Thus, since the guide surfaces are provided at the same opening angle, the cavitation jet is pulled on one guide surface, and the cavitation jet is not ejected in one direction in the first radial direction. Therefore, uniform cavitation jet can be injected on both sides in the first radial direction.

  The cavitation jet nozzle according to the fourth aspect of the present invention has a hole extending in the direction of the axis around the axis, and a first radial direction that is continuous with the hole and orthogonal to the axis. A nozzle body formed with a pair of guide surfaces provided at positions and gradually separated from each other in the direction of the axis in a direction away from the hole, the axis, and the first diameter A film forming nozzle that forms a fluid film between the pair of guide surfaces at both ends in the second radial direction orthogonal to the direction, and the second at the one edge of the pair of guide surfaces The distance in the first radial direction between the pair of guide surfaces at the one edge is larger than the dimension in the radial direction.

In such a cavitation jet nozzle, the distance in the first radial direction between the guide surfaces at this edge rather than the dimension in the second radial direction at the edge of the guide surface in one of the axial directions, that is, in the injection direction. Is bigger. Therefore, it is possible to keep the width of the nozzle body in the second radial direction small while maintaining a large opening angle between the guide surfaces in the first radial direction and maintaining a certain length in the axial direction of the guide surface. It becomes. That is, the length of the guide surface in the axial direction and the distance between the guide surfaces in the first radial direction can be set to necessary and sufficient values capable of generating a cavitation jet with sufficient performance, The width in the radial direction can be kept small.
Furthermore, no surface is provided in contact with the cavitation jet in the second radial direction, and the fluid film can suppress the spread of the cavitation jet in the second radial direction. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of erosion on the guide surface due to the cavitation jet that may occur when the guide surfaces are provided on both sides in the second radial direction.

  Further, the cavitation jet nozzle according to the fifth aspect of the present invention includes the axis in the fourth aspect, and when the pair of guide surfaces are viewed in a cross section extending in the first radial direction, The pair of guide surfaces may be provided so as to be gradually separated from each other toward the one side at the same angle with respect to the axis.

  Thus, since the guide surfaces are provided at the same opening angle, the cavitation jet is pulled on one guide surface, and the cavitation jet is not ejected in one direction in the first radial direction. Therefore, uniform cavitation jet can be injected on both sides in the first radial direction.

  A fluid ejection device according to a sixth aspect of the present invention includes a cavitation jet nozzle according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, and a fluid connected to the nozzle body of the cavitation jet nozzle. And a pump for pumping the fluid in the supply line.

  According to such a fluid ejecting apparatus, by providing the cavitation jet nozzle described above, the length of the nozzle body in the axial direction and the opening angle of the cavitation jet in the first radial direction are maintained to some extent, and the nozzle body It is possible to keep the width in the second radial direction small. Therefore, it is possible to generate a cavitation jet with sufficient performance and supply the cavitation jet to a narrow area.

  The fluid ejecting apparatus according to the seventh aspect of the present invention is the cavitation jet nozzle according to the fourth or fifth aspect, wherein the fluid is supplied to the nozzle body by being connected to the other of the nozzle body in the direction of the axis. A first supply line to supply, a second supply line branched from the first supply line, connected to the film forming nozzle to supply the fluid to the film forming nozzle, and the second supply line flowing through the second supply line You may provide the valve apparatus which adjusts the flow volume of a fluid, and the pump which pumps the said fluid in said 1st supply line and said 2nd supply line.

  According to such a fluid ejecting apparatus, by adjusting the flow rate of the fluid supplied to the film forming nozzle by the valve device, it is possible to prevent the fluid having the same pressure as the nozzle body from being supplied to the film forming nozzle as it is. It is possible to supply a fluid having an optimum pressure. Therefore, the fluid that forms the cavitation jet and the fluid that forms the fluid film can be shared, and the space of the entire fluid ejecting apparatus can be saved.

  According to the cavitation jet nozzle and the fluid ejecting apparatus, it is possible to eject a cavitation jet having a sufficient capacity and supply the cavitation jet to a narrow region.

It is the schematic which shows the fluid injection apparatus of 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows a mode that the steam generator is wash | cleaned with the fluid injection apparatus of 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the cavitation jet nozzle of the fluid ejecting apparatus of the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a view of the cavitation jet nozzle of the fluid ejection device according to the first embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the direction of the axis, and shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the cavitation jet nozzle of the fluid ejection device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 4. It is the schematic which shows the fluid injection apparatus of 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the cavitation jet nozzle of the fluid ejecting apparatus of the second embodiment of the present invention. It is the figure which looked at the cavitation jet nozzle of the fluid injection apparatus of 2nd embodiment of this invention from the direction of the axis line, Comprising: CC sectional drawing of FIG. It is the schematic which shows the fluid injection apparatus which concerns on the modification of 2nd embodiment of this invention.

[First embodiment]
Hereinafter, the fluid ejecting apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, a fluid ejection device 1 according to the present embodiment includes a cavitation jet nozzle 10 (hereinafter simply referred to as a nozzle) that ejects a cavitation jet of water flow, and a supply line that supplies water (fluid) to the nozzle 10. 3 and a pump 2 provided in the supply line 3.

The supply line 3 is, for example, a pipeline or the like, and water circulates inside.
The pump 2 is provided on the supply line 3 and pumps water from the supply line 3.

As shown in FIG. 2, the nozzle 10 is inserted between the heat transfer tubes 102 of the heat transfer tube group 101 in the steam generator 100, ejects a cavitation jet, and removes scales and the like deposited on these heat transfer tubes 102. The nozzle 10 has a first hole 15 on the side to which the supply line 3 is connected and a second hole 25 on the side where the cavitation jet is ejected continuously from the first hole 15. The formed nozzle body 11 is provided.
Although detailed illustration is omitted here, for example, the water of the cavitation jet ejected from the nozzle body 11 is collected and introduced into the supply line 3 again.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the first hole 15 extends in one direction in the direction of the axis O around the axis O and has a constant inner diameter in the extending direction. A square-shaped opening surface 16 that is a plane orthogonal to the axis O is formed in an opening portion on one side of the axis O of the first hole 15. Water from the supply line 3 is introduced into the first hole 15.

  The second hole portion 25 is continuous with each side of the opening surface 16 of the first hole portion 15, and the cross-sectional area gradually increases toward one side away from the first hole portion 15 in the direction of the axis O. That is, the second hole 25 has a horn shape. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, a pair extending in a first radial direction D <b> 1 (vertical direction in FIG. 3) perpendicular to the axis O and gradually separating from each other toward one of the directions of the axis O. The guide surface 26 is formed in the nozzle body 11 as the inner surface of the second hole portion 25.

  The pair of guide surfaces 26 are flat. Further, the opening angle θ between the guide surfaces 26 with respect to the axis O (angle from the axis O toward the first radial direction D1) is preferably 40 degrees or more and 120 degrees or less, and more preferably 60 degrees. Good.

  In the present embodiment, the opening angle of each guide surface 26 with respect to the axis O is θ / 2, that is, the opening angle of each guide surface 26 is the same.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the side guide surfaces that face each other in the first radial direction D1 and the second radial direction D2 orthogonal to the direction of the axis O and connect the pair of guide surfaces 26 to each other. 27 is formed in the nozzle body 11 as the inner surface of the second hole 25. Each side guide surface 27 extends along the axis O and forms a planar shape perpendicular to the guide surface 26. That is, the pair of side guide surfaces 27 are arranged at a certain distance toward one side in the direction of the axis O.

  In this way, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the guide surface 26 and the side guide surface 27 form an opening edge 29 of the second hole portion 25 on one side in the direction of the axis O. The opening edge 29 has a rectangular shape when viewed from the direction of the axis O. The guide surface 26 forms a short side 31 extending in the second radial direction D2 at the opening edge 29, and the side guide surface 27 forms a long side 32 extending in the first radial direction D1 at the opening edge 29. Therefore, the opening width in the first radial direction D1 at the opening edge 29 of the second hole 25 is larger than the opening width in the second radial direction D2. That is, the opening width of the opening edge 29 in the first radial direction D1 is different from the opening width in the second radial direction D2.

  The nozzle body 11 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the thickness in the first radial direction D1 at the opening edge 29 is equal to the thickness in the second radial direction D2. Therefore, the width dimension in the first radial direction D1 of the nozzle body 11 is larger than the width dimension in the second radial direction D2, and the nozzle body 11 has a vertically long shape.

  According to the fluid ejecting apparatus 1 of the present embodiment described above, by providing the nozzle 10 described above, the opening edge 29 of the second hole portion 25 of the nozzle body 11 extends in the radial direction across the circumferential direction. Is different. That is, the vertically long second hole 25 is formed in the first radial direction D1. Accordingly, in the first radial direction D1, the opening angle of the second hole portion 25 is kept large, and the length dimension of the second hole portion 25 in the direction of the axis O is kept to some extent while the first diameter of the nozzle body 11 is kept. It becomes possible to keep the width of the two-diameter direction D2 small.

  That is, the length of the second hole 25 in the direction of the axis O and the opening diameter can be set to necessary and sufficient numerical values capable of generating a cavitation jet having sufficient performance. Therefore, a sufficient capacity cavitation jet can be injected into the steam generator 100.

  Furthermore, since the nozzle body 11 can be formed in a vertically long shape, the nozzle body 11 can be inserted into a narrow area, and a cavitation jet can be supplied to the narrow area.

  Further, since the guide surfaces 26 are provided with the same opening angle θ / 2, the cavitation jet is not pulled toward one of the guide surfaces 26 and is not biased toward one of the first radial directions D1. . Therefore, uniform cavitation jet can be injected on both sides of the first radial direction D1.

  Here, in the present embodiment, the opening edge 29 does not have to be rectangular. For example, the opening edge 29 may be oval or the like as long as the opening diameter in at least the first radial direction D1 can be maximized.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, the fluid ejecting apparatus 51 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the second embodiment described below, the nozzle is different from the first embodiment. The same parts as those in the first embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the fluid ejection device 51 of the present embodiment includes a pair of cavitation jet nozzles 60 (hereinafter simply referred to as nozzles) that eject a cavitation jet of water flow, and a pair of water (fluid) that supplies water to the nozzles 60. A supply line 53 and two pumps 52 provided in the supply line 53 are provided.

The supply line 53 is, for example, a pipeline or the like, and water circulates inside. In the present embodiment, a first supply line 53 a and a second supply line 53 b that are independent from each other are provided as the supply line 53.
The pump 52 is provided on the supply line 53 and pumps water from the supply line 53. In the present embodiment, as the pump 52, a first pump 52a on the first supply line 53a and a second pump 52b on the second supply line 53b are provided.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the nozzle 60 has a hole 55 on the side to which the first supply line 53 a is connected, and a pair of guide surfaces 66 on the side where the cavitation jet is ejected continuously from the hole 55. The formed nozzle body 61 and a film forming nozzle 70 provided along with the nozzle body 61 are provided.

  The hole 55 extends in one direction in the direction of the axis O around the axis O and has a constant inner diameter in the extending direction. A rectangular opening surface 56, which is a plane orthogonal to the axis O, is formed in an opening portion on one side of the axis O of the hole 55. Water from the first supply line 53a is introduced into the hole 55.

  The pair of guide surfaces 66 are opposed to a first radial direction D1 (vertical direction in FIG. 7) perpendicular to the axis O, and gradually extend away from each other in the direction of the axis O. The pair of guide surfaces 66 are planar. Further, the opening angle θ between the guide surfaces 66 with respect to the axis O (an angle from the axis O toward the first radial direction D1) is preferably 40 degrees or more and 120 degrees or less, and more preferably 60 degrees. Good. Also in this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the opening angle of each guide surface 66 with respect to the axis O is θ / 2, that is, the opening angle of each guide surface 66 is the same.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 8, the pair of guide surfaces 66 at the edge portion 66 a is larger than the length dimension d <b> 2 in the second radial direction D <b> 2 of the edge portion 66 a in one of the directions of the axis O of the pair of guide surfaces 66. The distance d1 in the first radial direction D1 is larger.

  A pair of film forming nozzles 70 is disposed so as to sandwich the pair of guide surfaces 66 from the second radial direction D2. Each film forming nozzle 70 is connected to the second supply line 53b and supplied with water pumped by the second pump 52b to be ejected. Accordingly, the pair of film forming nozzles 70 forms a fluid film (sheet-like water film) between the pair of guide surfaces 66 at both ends of the pair of guide surfaces 66 in the second radial direction D2.

  The film forming nozzle 70 has an opening edge 79 having a rectangular shape with a short side 81 extending in the second radial direction D2 and a long side 82 extending in the first radial direction D1 when viewed from the direction of the axis O. One end of the film forming nozzle 70 in the direction of the axis O is located on the other side of the pair of guide surfaces 66 in the direction of the axis O with respect to the edge 66a.

  According to the fluid ejecting apparatus 51 of the present embodiment described above, by providing the nozzle 60, the second radial direction D2 of the edge 66a of the guide surface 66 in one of the directions of the axis O, that is, the front in the ejecting direction. The distance d1 in the first radial direction D1 between the guide surfaces 66 at the edge 66a is larger than the dimension d2. Therefore, in the first radial direction D1, the opening angle between the guide surfaces 66 is kept large, and the length dimension in the direction of the axis O of the guide surface 66 is kept to some extent, while the second radial direction D2 of the nozzle body 61 is maintained. The width can be kept small.

  Therefore, a cavitation jet with sufficient performance can be generated, and a cavitation jet with sufficient performance can be injected into the steam generator 100.

  Here, if a guide surface is provided on both sides of the second radial direction D2 to be guided by contact with the cavitation jet, erosion due to the cavitation jet may occur on the guide surface. However, in this embodiment, no guide surface is provided on both sides of the guide surface 66 in the second radial direction D2, and a film forming nozzle 70 is provided instead. Therefore, the occurrence of the erosion can be avoided while suppressing the spread of the cavitation jet in the second radial direction D2 by the fluid film.

  Further, since the guide surfaces 66 are provided with the same opening angle θ / 2, the cavitation jet is pulled on one guide surface 66 and is biased to one side in the first radial direction D1, and the cavitation jet is ejected. Absent. Therefore, uniform cavitation jet can be injected on both sides of the first radial direction D1.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 9, the fluid ejection device 91 of the present embodiment may include only one pump 52. The second supply line 53b branches from the first supply line 53a, and a valve device 92 that adjusts the flow rate of water flowing through the second supply line 53b may be provided on the second supply line 53b.

  According to such a fluid ejecting apparatus 91, the flow rate of water supplied to the film forming nozzle 70 is adjusted by the valve device 92 so that water having the same pressure as that of the nozzle body 61 is not supplied to the film forming nozzle 70 as it is. it can. Therefore, it is possible to supply water having an optimum pressure for forming the fluid film. Therefore, the water that forms the cavitation jet and the water that forms the fluid film can be shared, and the space of the entire fluid ejecting apparatus 91 can be saved.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the configurations and combinations of the embodiments in the embodiments are examples, and the addition and omission of configurations are within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention. , Substitutions, and other changes are possible. Further, the present invention is not limited by the embodiments, and is limited only by the scope of the claims.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the fluid ejecting apparatus 1 (51, 91) is used to remove scales and the like deposited on the heat transfer tube 102. However, for example, the fluid ejecting apparatus 1 (51, 91) is used for processing such as shot peening. It may be used.

  Further, it is also possible to supply other fluid instead of water to the film forming nozzle 70.

1 ... Fluid ejection device
2 ... Pump
3. Supply line
10 ... Cavitation jet nozzle
11 ... Nozzle body
15 ... 1st hole
16 ... Opening surface
25 ... second hole
26 ... Guide surface
27. Side guide surface
29 ... Open edge
31 ... Short side
32 ... long side
51 ... Fluid injection device 52 ... Pump 52a ... First pump 52b ... Second pump 53 ... Supply line 53a ... First supply line 53b ... Second supply line 55 ... Hole 56 ... Opening surface 60 ... Cavitation jet nozzle 61 ... Nozzle Main body 66 ... Guide surface 66a ... Edge 70 ... Film forming nozzle 79 ... Open edge 81 ... Short side 82 ... Long side 91 ... Fluid ejection device 92 ... Valve device 100 ... Steam generator
101 ... Heat transfer tube group
102 ... Heat transfer tube
O ... axis
D1 ... first radial direction
D2 ... Second radial direction

Claims (7)

A first hole extending in the direction of the axis centering on the axis, and a cross-sectional area gradually expanding toward the one away from the first hole in the direction of the axis, continuing to the first hole. A nozzle body having a second hole portion formed thereon;
At the one opening edge in the second hole portion, the opening width in the first radial direction orthogonal to the axis and the opening in the second radial direction orthogonal to the axis and intersecting the first radial direction Cavitation jet nozzle with different width. The second radial direction is a direction orthogonal to the first radial direction,
2. The cavitation jet nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the opening edge has a rectangular shape having a pair of long sides extending in the first radial direction and a pair of short sides extending in the second radial direction. The second hole portion is formed by a pair of guide surfaces that form the pair of short sides and is connected to the first hole portion,
When the pair of guide surfaces are viewed in a cross-section including the axis and orthogonal to the short side, the pair of guide surfaces are gradually separated from each other toward the one at the same angle with respect to the axis. The cavitation jet nozzle according to claim 2 provided as described above. A hole extending in the direction of the axis about the axis, and a position that is continuous with the hole and is opposed to each other in a first radial direction perpendicular to the axis and is separated from the hole in the direction of the axis A pair of guide surfaces provided so as to gradually move away from each other as it goes to the nozzle body,
A film forming nozzle that forms a fluid film between the pair of guide surfaces at both ends in the second radial direction orthogonal to the axis and the first radial direction;
With
A cavitation jet nozzle in which the distance in the first radial direction between the pair of guide surfaces at the one edge is larger than the dimension in the second radial direction at the one edge of the pair of guide surfaces.   When the pair of guide surfaces are viewed in a cross section that includes the axis and extends in the first radial direction, the pair of guide surfaces gradually form one side at the same angle with respect to the axis. The cavitation jet nozzle according to claim 4, which is provided so as to be separated from each other. A cavitation jet nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A supply line connected to the nozzle body of the cavitation jet nozzle for supplying fluid to the nozzle body;
A pump for pumping the fluid in the supply line;
A fluid ejection device comprising: Cavitation jet nozzle according to claim 4 or 5,
A first supply line connected to the other of the nozzle body in the direction of the axis and supplying fluid to the nozzle body;
A second supply line branched from the first supply line and connected to the film forming nozzle to supply the fluid to the film forming nozzle;
A valve device for adjusting a flow rate of the fluid flowing through the second supply line;
A pump for pumping the fluid in the first supply line and the second supply line;
A fluid ejection device comprising:

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