JP2012109840A - Transmission device, reception device, communication system, transmission method, reception method, and communication method - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a technique for effectively transmitting data even when a variance value of noise is estimated.
An RF unit 40 uses first encoded data generated by executing encoding that does not require a noise variance value at the time of decoding and a noise variance value at the time of decoding. A packet signal including second encoded data generated by performing power encoding and having the second encoded data arranged in the subsequent stage of the first encoded data is received. The Viterbi decoding unit 46 decodes the first encoded data in the received packet signal and derives a noise variance value. The turbo decoding unit 50 uses the derived noise variance value to decode the second encoded data from the packet signal received by the receiving unit.
[Selection] Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to communication technology, and in particular, to a transmission device, a reception device, a communication system, a transmission method, a reception method, and a communication method that perform encoding for error correction.

  In the wireless communication system, the signal-to-noise power ratio can be lowered due to the reception signal level being attenuated or the noise level being increased due to the influence of fluctuation or attenuation of the wireless transmission path. In order to be able to decode the signal even with a low signal-to-noise power ratio, error correction coding techniques are used. An example of error correction coding is convolutional coding, turbo coding, and LDPC (Low Density Parity Check Code) coding. Viterbi decoding is used to decode convolutionally encoded data, and BCJR decoding and Log-MAP decoding are used to decode turbo encoded data. In BCJR decoding and Log-MAP decoding, information on the variance value of noise is required. Therefore, the transmission path characteristic is estimated using the pilot signal, and the noise variance value is estimated based on the transmission path characteristic (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Alternatively, Max-Log-MAP decoding that does not use noise variance values may be used.

JP 2009-130486 A

  In Max-Log-MAP decoding, a noise variance value is not required, but the decoding characteristics are generally inferior to those of BCJR decoding or Log-MAP decoding. On the other hand, when the noise variance value is estimated using the pilot signal, the receiving apparatus cannot acquire data during the period in which the noise variance value is estimated, making it difficult to improve the actual transmission rate. For this reason, it is desirable to improve the actual transmission rate even when estimating the noise variance.

  The present invention has been made in view of these circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a technique for effectively transmitting data even when a variance value of noise is estimated.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, a transmission apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention performs first encoding that generates first encoded data by performing encoding that does not require a variance value of noise during decoding. The second encoded data is obtained by executing encoding that is different from the encoding performed in the encoding unit and the first encoding unit and that should be used when decoding the noise variance value. Packet signal is generated by arranging the second encoded data generated in the second encoding unit after the first encoded data generated in the first encoding unit and the second encoded unit generated in the first encoding unit A generating unit that transmits the packet signal generated by the generating unit.

  According to this aspect, the encoding that should be used for decoding the noise variance value is performed following the encoding that does not require the noise variance value during decoding. Can estimate the noise variance and use the noise variance for the latter decoding.

  Another aspect of the present invention is a receiving device. This apparatus executes first encoded data generated by executing encoding that does not require a noise variance value at the time of decoding, and encoding that should be used at the time of decoding the noise variance value A reception unit that receives a packet signal including the second encoded data generated by performing the second encoded data at a subsequent stage of the first encoded data; and a receiving unit A first decoding unit that decodes first encoded data and derives a noise variance value, and uses a noise variance value derived by the first decoding unit from the packet signal received at And a second decoding unit that decodes the second encoded data from the packet signal received at.

  According to this aspect, the encoding that should be used for decoding the noise variance value is performed following the encoding that does not require the noise variance value at the time of decoding. The noise variance value can be estimated while the noise variance value is used for the latter decoding.

  Yet another embodiment of the present invention is a communication system. The communication system includes a transmission device that transmits a packet signal and a reception device that receives the packet signal from the transmission device. The transmission apparatus performs encoding in which a noise variance value is unnecessary when decoding, and uses a noise variance value when decoding, and a first encoding unit that generates first encoded data By performing the encoding to be performed, the second encoding unit that generates the second encoded data, and the second encoded unit generated after the first encoded data generated by the first encoding unit A generator that generates a packet signal by arranging the second encoded data; The receiving apparatus decodes the first encoded data from the received packet signal, uses a first decoding unit for deriving a noise variance value, and a noise variance value derived by the first decoding unit. A second decoding unit that decodes the second encoded data from the received packet signal.

  According to this aspect, the encoding that should be used for decoding the noise variance value is performed following the encoding that does not require the noise variance value at the time of decoding. The noise variance value can be estimated while the noise variance value is used for the latter decoding.

  Yet another embodiment of the present invention is a transmission method. In this method, encoding is performed in a step of generating first encoded data and a step of generating first encoded data by performing encoding in which a variance value of noise is unnecessary during decoding. And generating the second encoded data by executing encoding that should be used for decoding the noise variance value, and encoding of the generated first encoded data. A step of generating the packet signal by arranging the generated second encoded data in the subsequent stage and a step of transmitting the generated packet signal are provided.

  Yet another embodiment of the present invention is a reception method. In this method, the first encoded data generated by executing encoding that does not require a noise variance value at the time of decoding, and encoding that should be used at the time of decoding the noise variance value Receiving a packet signal including the second encoded data generated by performing the second encoded data in the subsequent stage of the first encoded data, and the received packet Decoding the first encoded data of the signal, deriving a noise variance value, and decoding the second encoded data of the received packet signal by using the derived noise variance value And a step of.

  Yet another embodiment of the present invention is a communication method. The method includes the steps of generating first encoded data by performing encoding in which a noise variance value is unnecessary during decoding, and encoding the noise variance value to be used in decoding Generating the second encoded data, generating the packet signal by arranging the generated second encoded data after the generated first encoded data, and generating Transmitting the packet signal, receiving the packet signal, decoding the first encoded data out of the received packet signal and deriving a noise variance value, and the derived noise variance value The second encoded data of the received packet signal is decoded.

  It should be noted that any combination of the above-described constituent elements and a conversion of the expression of the present invention between a method, an apparatus, a system, a recording medium, a computer program, etc. are also effective as an aspect of the present invention.

  According to the present invention, data can be transmitted effectively even when the variance value of noise is estimated.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the transmitter which concerns on the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the turbo encoding part of FIG. It is a figure which shows the format of the packet signal transmitted from the transmitter of FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure of the receiver which concerns on the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the turbo decoding part of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the reception procedure by the receiver of FIG.

  Before describing the present invention specifically, an outline will be given first. Embodiments of the present invention relate to a wireless communication system including a transmission device that transmits a packet signal that has been subjected to error correction coding and a reception device that receives the packet signal. When the error correction code requires a noise variance value in decoding, such as a turbo code, the receiving apparatus must estimate the noise variance value. From the viewpoint of transmission efficiency, it is desirable that data can be transmitted even during a period in which the receiver estimates the noise variance. In order to cope with this, the communication system according to the present embodiment executes the following processing.

  In the transmitting apparatus, data encoded by turbo encoding (hereinafter referred to as “turbo encoded data”) is arranged after data encoded by convolutional encoding (hereinafter referred to as “convolution encoded data”). Generate and send a packet signal. Here, convolutional coding does not require a noise variance value when decoding. Hereinafter, in the packet signal, a section in which convolutionally encoded data is arranged is referred to as a “low rate section”, and a section in which turbo encoded data is arranged is referred to as a “high rate section”. When receiving the packet signal, the receiving apparatus decodes the convolutional encoded data and estimates a noise variance value based on the convolutional encoded data. In addition, the reception apparatus decodes the turbo encoded data using the estimated noise variance.

  FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a transmission apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The transmission apparatus 100 includes an information data generation unit 10, a convolutional encoding unit 12, a turbo encoding unit 14, a selection unit 16, a training signal storage unit 18, a modulation unit 20, an RF unit 22, and a control unit 24.

  The information data generation unit 10 acquires data to be transmitted and generates information data. The acquired data may be used as information data as it is. The data to be transmitted in the low rate section includes information on the data to be transmitted in the high rate section (hereinafter referred to as “encoding information”). The information data generation unit 10 outputs information data to the convolutional encoding unit 12 and the turbo encoding unit 14.

  The convolutional encoding unit 12 inputs the information data from the information data generating unit 10 in the low rate interval. The convolutional encoding unit 12 generates convolutional encoded data by performing convolutional encoding on the information data. As described above, convolutional coding corresponds to coding in which a noise variance value is not necessary for decoding. Since a known technique may be used for the convolutional coding, the description thereof is omitted here. The convolutional encoding unit 12 outputs the convolutional encoded data to the selection unit 16.

  The turbo encoding unit 14 inputs the information data from the information data generating unit 10 in the high rate section. The turbo encoding unit 14 generates turbo encoded data by performing turbo encoding on the information data. As described above, turbo coding corresponds to coding that should be used when decoding a variance value of noise. The turbo encoding unit 14 outputs the turbo encoded data to the selection unit 16. Here, an outline of the configuration of the turbo encoding unit 14 will be described.

  FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the turbo encoding unit 14. The turbo encoding unit 14 includes a first encoding unit 30, an interleaver 32, a second encoding unit 34, and a puncture / synthesis unit 36. The first encoding unit 30 encodes information data. At that time, the order of the information data is not changed. The first encoding unit 30 outputs the encoded information data to the puncture / synthesis unit 36. The interleaver 32 changes the order of the information data. It is assumed that the interleave pattern is determined in advance. The interleaver 32 outputs the information data whose order has been changed to the second encoding unit 34.

  The second encoding unit 34 encodes the information data whose order has been changed in the interleaver 32. The second encoding unit 34 outputs the encoded information data to the puncture / synthesis unit 36. The puncturing / combining unit 36 combines the directly input information data, the information data encoded by the first encoding unit 30, and the information data encoded by the second encoding unit 34. At that time, the puncturing / combining unit 36 performs puncturing in accordance with a necessary rate. The puncture / synthesis unit 36 outputs the processing result as turbo encoded data. Returning to FIG.

  The training signal storage unit 18 stores a training signal pattern. The training signal is a signal known to a receiving device (not shown), and is a signal used for timing synchronization or the like in the receiving device.

  The selection unit 16 generates a packet signal. At that time, the selection unit 16 arranges the training signal stored in the training signal storage unit 18 at the head portion of the packet signal. In addition, the selection unit 16 arranges the convolutional encoded data generated by the convolutional encoding unit 12 in the low rate interval following the training signal. Furthermore, the selection unit 16 arranges the turbo encoded data generated by the turbo encoding unit 14 in the high rate interval subsequent to the low rate interval. For the sake of clarity, it is assumed that the length of the training signal section, the low rate section, and the high rate section are fixed. FIG. 3 shows a format of a packet signal transmitted from the transmission apparatus 100. As illustrated, the training signal, the convolutional encoded data, and the turbo code data are arranged in this order. Returning to FIG.

  The modulation unit 20 receives the packet signal from the selection unit 16. The modulation unit 20 modulates the packet signal. As a modulation method, PSK (Phase Shift Keying), FSK (Frequency Shift Keying), or the like is used. The modulation unit 20 outputs the modulated packet signal to the RF unit 22. The RF unit 22 receives the packet signal from the modulation unit 20. The RF unit 22 transmits a packet signal from the antenna. The RF unit 22 also performs frequency conversion to radio frequency, amplification, and the like. The control unit 24 controls the timing of the entire transmission device 100 and the like.

  This configuration can be realized in terms of hardware by a CPU, memory, or other LSI of any computer, and in terms of software, it can be realized by a program loaded in the memory, but here it is realized by their cooperation. Draw functional blocks. Accordingly, those skilled in the art will understand that these functional blocks can be realized in various forms by hardware only, software only, or a combination thereof.

  FIG. 4 shows a configuration of the receiving apparatus 200 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The receiving apparatus 200 includes an RF unit 40, a demodulating unit 42, a section determining unit 44, a Viterbi decoding unit 46, an estimation unit 48, a turbo decoding unit 50, a selection unit 52, a data processing unit 54, and a control unit 56.

  The RF unit 40 receives a packet signal from a transmission device 100 (not shown) via an antenna. That is, the RF unit 40 receives a packet signal arranged in the order of a training signal, convolutionally encoded data, and turbo code data. The RF unit 40 outputs the packet signal to the demodulation unit 42. The demodulator 42 receives the packet signal from the RF unit 40. The demodulator 42 demodulates the packet signal. The demodulator 42 uses the training signal arranged at the beginning of the packet signal at the time of demodulation. The demodulator 42 establishes timing synchronization based on the training signal, and notifies the interval determination unit 44 of the established synchronization timing, for example, the head timing of the packet signal and the timing at which the convolutionally encoded data is arranged, The demodulated packet signal is output to the Viterbi decoding unit 46, the estimation unit 48, and the turbo decoding unit 50.

  When notified of the established synchronization timing from the demodulator 42, the section determination unit 44 specifies a low rate section and a high rate section. As described above, since the lengths of the training signal, the low rate interval, and the high rate interval are fixed, when synchronization with the leading timing of the packet signal is established, the interval determination unit 44 determines the low rate interval and the high rate interval. Can be identified. The section determination unit 44 notifies the control unit 56 of the identified low rate section and high rate section.

  The Viterbi decoding unit 46 receives the packet signal from the demodulation unit 42. In accordance with an instruction from the control unit 56, the Viterbi decoding unit 46 decodes the convolutionally encoded data in the low rate section of the packet signal. Viterbi decoding is executed for decoding. Since Viterbi decoding is a known technique, the description thereof is omitted here, but it does not require a noise variance value of the communication channel. Since the convolutionally encoded data includes control information such as encoded information, the Viterbi decoding unit 46 extracts control information from the decoding result. The Viterbi decoding unit 46 notifies the turbo decoding unit 50 of the control information. The Viterbi decoding unit 46 outputs the decoding result (hereinafter referred to as “decoded data”) to the selection unit 52.

  The estimation unit 48 inputs the packet signal from the demodulation unit 42. In accordance with an instruction from the control unit 56, the Viterbi decoding unit 46 derives a noise variance value in a low rate section of the packet signal. That is, the estimation unit 48 derives a variance value of noise necessary for decoding the turbo encoded data in the high rate interval based on the convolutional encoded data in the low rate interval. The processing of the estimation unit 48 is performed in parallel with the processing of the Viterbi decoding unit 46. The estimation process in the estimation unit 48 is performed as follows, for example.

When receiving the decoded data from the Viterbi decoding unit 46, the estimation unit 48 re-encodes the decoded data in the same manner as the convolutional encoding unit 12 in FIG. The estimation unit 48 measures the error rate of the convolutionally encoded data in the packet signal from the demodulation unit 42 using the re-encoded data as reference data. The error rate is, for example, BER. Furthermore, the estimation unit 48 stores in advance a table in which the correspondence relationship between the BER and the CNR is shown, and converts the BER into the CNR with reference to the table. The estimation unit 48 derives the noise variance (σ ² ) from the CNR as follows.
CNR = 1 / σ ² (1)
The estimation unit 48 outputs the noise variance value to the turbo decoding unit 50.

  The turbo decoding unit 50 receives the packet signal from the demodulation unit 42 and the noise variance value from the estimation unit 48. In accordance with an instruction from the control unit 56, the Viterbi decoding unit 46 decodes the turbo encoded data in the high rate section of the packet signal. For decoding, BCJR decoding is performed. In BCJR decoding, a variance value of noise is used. Further, the turbo decoding unit 50 inputs encoded information from the Viterbi decoding unit 46 at the time of BCJR decoding. The turbo decoding unit 50 outputs the decoding result (hereinafter referred to as “decoded data”) to the selection unit 52.

  FIG. 5 shows a configuration of the turbo decoding unit 50. The turbo decoding unit 50 includes a depuncture 60, a first decoding unit 62, an interleaver 64, a second decoding unit 66, a deinterleaver 68, and a hard decision unit 70. The depuncture 60 inserts data corresponding to a threshold value at the timing thinned out by the puncture / combining unit 36 in FIG. 1 in the turbo encoded data portion of the packet signal (hereinafter referred to as “demodulated data”). The depuncture 60 outputs the depunctured demodulated data to the first decoding unit 62 and the interleaver 64.

  The first decoding unit 62 receives the depunctured demodulated data from the depuncture 60 and the prior value La1 (dk) (however, the initial value is 0) from the deinterleaver 68. The first decoding unit 62 derives the external value Le1 (dk) by a known technique. The first decoding unit 62 outputs the external value Le1 (dk).

  The interleaver 64 receives the depunctured demodulated data from the depuncture 60 and the external value Le1 (dk) from the first decoding unit 62. The interleaver 64 replaces the order of the demodulated data {R ′ (dk), R ′ (pk)} and the external value Le1 (dk), thereby demodulating the demodulated data {R (dn), R (pn)} and the prior value La2. (Dn) is generated. Interleaver 64 outputs demodulated data {R (dn), R (pn)} and a priori value La2 (dn) to second decoding unit 66.

  Second decoding unit 66 receives demodulated data {R (dn), R (pn)} and prior value La2 (dn) from interleaver 64. The second decoding unit 66 derives the external value Le2 (dn) and the log likelihood ratio Λ (dn) by a known technique. Second decoding unit 66 outputs external value Le2 (dn) and log likelihood ratio Λ (dn) to deinterleaver 68.

  The deinterleaver 68 receives the external value Le2 (dn) and the log likelihood ratio Λ (dn) from the second decoding unit 66. The deinterleaver 68 derives the prior value La1 (dk) and outputs the prior value La1 (dk) to the first decoding unit 62. After the above operation is performed once and a predetermined number of operations are performed, the hard decision unit 70 inputs the log likelihood ratio Λ (dk) from the deinterleaver 68 and makes a hard decision. The hard decision unit 70 outputs the hard decision result as decoded data.

The variance value of noise estimated by the estimation unit 48 from the convolutional encoded data in the low rate interval is used when the first decoding unit 62 and the second decoding unit 66 derive external values. Here, an outline of processing in which the dispersion value of the transmission line noise is used will be described.
(1) As described above, the first decoding unit 62 and the second decoding unit 66 derive the posterior value and the log posterior probability ratio as soft outputs using the reception sequence and the prior value from the other decoding unit. Since the following relational expression is established for the soft output, the first decoding unit 62 and the second decoding unit 66 derive an external value therefrom, and output the external value as the prior value of the other decoding unit.
Subsequent value = communication path value + prior value + external value (2)

ここで、Ｐｒ（Ｒｘｋ｜ｄ＝０）は、送信データｄが０である場合に受信データがＲｘｋになる確率であり、次のように示される。

送信されているデータ、つまり式（４）のｘが「＋１」と「−１」であるとすると、通信路値は次のように示される。

Here, the dispersion value of the transmission path noise is used as the “communication path value”. The channel value is derived for each bit of the systematic code sequence as follows.

Here, Pr (Rxk | d = 0) is a probability that the reception data becomes Rxk when the transmission data d is 0, and is expressed as follows.

Assuming that the data being transmitted, that is, x in Expression (4) is “+1” and “−1”, the channel value is expressed as follows.

このうち、γを導出する際に伝送路雑音の分散値が使用される。ひとつの符号化器が、１ビットの組織符号の入力に対して１ビットのパリティを出力すると仮定する。所定の時刻ｋ−１からｋに移行時に、組織符号の受信値がＲｘｋであり、パリティの受信値がＲｙｋであったとすると、その信号の送信側の組合せは、（ｘｋ，ｙｋ）＝（−１，−１），（−１，１），（１，−１），（１，１）の４通りになる。また、上記組合せの確率を考える場合、組織符号とパリティ同時に発生した場合に成立するので、各々の発生確率を式（４）より求めて、その積が遷移確率になる。それは次のように示される。

図４に戻る。 (2) In the decoding operation of each decoding unit, the forward probability sum α, the backward probability sum β, and the transition probability γ are derived for all paths, and the soft output is shown as follows.

Among these, the dispersion value of the transmission line noise is used when γ is derived. Assume that one encoder outputs 1-bit parity for 1-bit systematic code input. Assuming that the reception value of the systematic code is Rxk and the reception value of the parity is Ryk at the time of transition from the predetermined time k−1 to k, the combination on the transmission side of the signal is (xk, yk) = (− 1, -1), (-1,1), (1, -1), and (1,1). Further, when considering the probability of the above combination, it is established when the systematic code and the parity are generated at the same time. Therefore, each occurrence probability is obtained from Equation (4), and the product becomes the transition probability. It is shown as follows.

Returning to FIG.

  The selection unit 52 inputs the decoded data from the Viterbi decoding unit 46 and also receives the decoded data from the turbo decoding unit 50. The selection unit 52 outputs the decoded data from the Viterbi decoding unit 46 to the data processing unit 54 in the low rate interval according to the instruction from the control unit 56, and the decoded data from the turbo decoding unit 50 in the high rate interval. The data is output to the data processing unit 54. The data processing unit 54 inputs the decoded data from the selection unit 52. The data processing unit 54 performs a predetermined process on the decoded data and outputs the result as information data. The control unit 56 controls the timing of the entire receiving apparatus 200 and the like. The control unit 56 instructs the operation timing to the Viterbi decoding unit 46, the estimation unit 48, the turbo decoding unit 50, and the selection unit 52 based on the information regarding the low rate section and the high rate section specified by the section determination unit 44. .

  The operation of the communication system having the above configuration will be described. FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a reception procedure by the reception device 200. If it is a training signal period (Y of S10), the demodulator 42 performs a synchronization operation (S12). If it is not the training signal period (N of S10) and it is a low rate section (Y of S14), the Viterbi decoding unit 46 performs Viterbi decoding, and the estimation unit 48 estimates the variance value of noise (S16). If it is not the low rate interval (N in S14), that is, if it is the high rate interval, the turbo decoding unit 50 performs turbo decoding (S18).

  According to the embodiment of the present invention, since turbo coding is performed following convolutional coding, the noise variance value is estimated while Viterbi decoding is being performed, and the noise variance value is calculated using BCJR decoding. Can be used for Further, since the noise variance value is estimated while Viterbi decoding is being performed, data can be transmitted even during the noise variance value estimation. In addition, since data is transmitted, deterioration of transmission efficiency can be suppressed even when the variance value of noise is estimated. In addition, since the estimated noise variance is used, it is possible to suppress deterioration in decoding accuracy of BCJR decoding.

  In the above, this invention was demonstrated based on the Example. This embodiment is an exemplification, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to the combination of each component and each processing process, and such modifications are also within the scope of the present invention. .

  In the embodiment of the present invention, since the communication system is based on a wireless communication system, the transmission device 100 and the reception device 200 are included in the wireless communication device. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the communication system may be based on a wired communication system. At that time, the transmission device 100 and the reception device 200 are included in a wired communication device. According to this modification, the present invention can be applied to various devices.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the estimation unit 48 estimates the CNR. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and for example, the estimation unit 48 may estimate SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) or E _b / N ₀ . According to this modification, various physical quantities can be used.

  In an embodiment of the present invention, convolutional coding is used as an encoding that does not require a noise variance value in decoding, and turbo coding is used as an encoding to be used in decoding the noise variance value. is doing. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, block encoding such as BCH encoding is used as encoding that does not require noise variance at the time of decoding, and noise variance is used as encoding that should be used at the time of decoding. LDPC encoding may be used. According to this modification, various encodings can be used.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, the turbo decoding unit 50 performs BCJR decoding. However, not limited to this, for example, the turbo decoding unit 50 may execute Log-MAP decoding. According to this modification, various decoding can be used.

  10 information data generation unit, 12 convolutional coding unit, 14 turbo coding unit, 16 selection unit, 18 training signal storage unit, 20 modulation unit, 22 RF unit, 24 control unit, 40 RF unit, 42 demodulation unit, 44 sections Determination unit, 46 Viterbi decoding unit, 48 estimation unit, 50 turbo decoding unit, 52 selection unit, 54 data processing unit, 56 control unit, 100 transmitting device, 200 receiving device.

Claims (6)

A first encoding unit that generates first encoded data by performing encoding that does not require a variance value of noise during decoding;
Second encoded data is generated by executing encoding that is different from the encoding performed in the first encoding unit and that should be used when decoding the variance value of noise. A second encoding unit;
A generating unit that generates a packet signal by arranging the second encoded data generated in the second encoding unit at a subsequent stage of the first encoded data generated in the first encoding unit;
A transmission unit for transmitting the packet signal generated in the generation unit;
A transmission device comprising: The first encoded data generated by executing encoding that does not require a noise variance value at the time of decoding and the noise variance value generated by executing encoding that should be used at the time of decoding A reception unit that receives the packet signal including the second encoded data and the second encoded data arranged at the subsequent stage of the first encoded data;
A first decoding unit that decodes first encoded data out of packet signals received by the receiving unit and derives a variance value of noise;
A second decoding unit that decodes second encoded data out of the packet signal received by the reception unit by using a noise variance value derived by the first decoding unit;
A receiving apparatus comprising: A transmission device for transmitting a packet signal;
A receiving device for receiving a packet signal from the transmitting device;
The transmitter is
A first encoding unit that generates first encoded data by performing encoding that does not require a variance value of noise during decoding;
A second encoding unit that generates second encoded data by performing encoding to be used when decoding the noise variance value;
A generation unit that generates a packet signal by disposing the second encoded data generated in the second encoding unit downstream of the first encoded data generated in the first encoding unit;
The receiving device is:
A first decoding unit that decodes the first encoded data of the received packet signal and derives a variance value of noise;
A second decoding unit that decodes second encoded data out of the received packet signal by using a noise variance value derived in the first decoding unit;
A communication system comprising: Generating first encoded data by performing encoding that does not require a variance value of noise during decoding;
The second encoding is performed by performing encoding that is different from the encoding performed in the step of generating the first encoded data and that should be used when decoding the noise variance value. Generating data; and
Generating a packet signal by arranging the generated second encoded data in a subsequent stage of the generated first encoded data;
Transmitting the generated packet signal;
A transmission method comprising: The first encoded data generated by executing encoding that does not require a noise variance value at the time of decoding and the noise variance value generated by executing encoding that should be used at the time of decoding Receiving a packet signal including the second encoded data and having the second encoded data arranged at a subsequent stage of the first encoded data;
Decoding the first encoded data out of the received packet signal and deriving a noise variance value;
Decoding the second encoded data of the received packet signal by using the derived noise variance value;
A receiving method comprising: Generating first encoded data by performing encoding that does not require a variance value of noise during decoding;
Generating second encoded data by performing encoding to be used in decoding the noise variance value;
Generating a packet signal by arranging the generated second encoded data in a subsequent stage of the generated first encoded data;
Transmitting the generated packet signal;
Receiving a packet signal;
Decoding the first encoded data out of the received packet signal and deriving a noise variance value;
Decoding the second encoded data of the received packet signal by using the derived noise variance value;
A communication method comprising:

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