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Description
本明細書中でオルソステリック結合部位と呼ばれる、mGluRの大きな細胞外アミノ末端ドメインにグルタミン酸が結合し、mGluRを活性化させる。この結合によって、該受容体の立体構造変化が引き起こされ、その結果Gタンパク質および細胞内シグナル伝達経路が活性化される。
現在、mGluRsを標的とする市販の薬理学的ツールの多くは、mGluRファミリーのメンバーのいくつかを活性化するオルソステリックリガンドであり、該リガンドはグルタミン酸の構造類似体である。
mGluRに選択的に作用する化合物を開発する新しい手段は、高度に保存されたオルソステリック結合部位とは異なる部位に結合することによって該受容体を調節するというアロステリック機構を通して作用する化合物を同定することである。
これら化合物は単独では該受容体を活性化しないことが証明されている。むしろ、グルタミン酸単独で最小の反応しか引き起こさないあるグルタミン酸濃度において、これら化合物は該受容体に最大の反応をもたらすことができる。mGluR2の正のアロステリック調節因子はオルソステリック部位に結合せずに、代わりに該受容体の七回膜貫通領域内にあるアロステリック部位に結合することが突然変異解析によって明確に証明された。
不安神経症モデルおよび精神病モデルにおいて、mGluR2の正のアロステリック調節因子で得られた効果がオルソステリックアゴニストで得られた効果と類似することが動物データから示唆されている。不安神経症モデルである、不安がより強まった驚愕においても、ストレスによる異常高熱においても、mGluR2のアロステリック調節因子は活性を有することが示された。さらに、統合失調症の聴覚による驚愕効果モデルである、ケタミンまたはアンフェタミンによる運動過多症においても、アンフェタミンによるプレパルス抑制崩壊においても、該化合物は逆活性を有することが示された。(J. Pharmacol. Exp.Ther. 2006, 318, 173-185; Psychopharmacology 2005, 179, 271-283)。
正のアロステリック調節因子はグルタミン酸反応に対して相乗的に作用することができるが、例えばLY379268またはDCG−IVなどのオルソステリックmGluR2アゴニストによる反応も該因子によって強化されることが示された。これらのデータは、さらにもう1つの新規な治療方法によって、mGluR2が関与する上述の神経学的および精神医学的な疾病が治療されるという証拠を提供する。そして、該治療方法において、mGluR2のオルソステリックアゴニストとともにmGluR2の正のアロステリック調節因子を組み合わせて使用することになる。
〔薬理学〕
本発明で提供される化合物は、代謝型グルタミン酸受容体の正のアロステリック調節因子であり、特に、該化合物はmGluR2の正のアロステリック調節因子である。本発明の化合物は、グルタミン酸の認識部位、すなわち、オルソステリックリガンド部位に結合するようには見えないが、代わりに該受容体の七回膜貫通領域中のアロステリック部位に結合すると思われる。グルタミン酸またはmGluR2のアゴニストの存在下、本発明の化合物は、mGluR2反応を増強させる。本発明で提供される化合物がグルタミン酸またはmGluR2アゴニストの該受容体反応を増強することができるという事実に基づき、該化合物はmGluR2での効果を有すると期待され、該受容体の反応を増進する。よって、本発明は、医薬として使用する本発明に記載の化合物に関し、さらに本発明は、ヒトを含む哺乳動物の疾患を治療もしくは予防、特に治療するための薬剤の製造における本発明に記載の化合物または本発明に記載の医薬組成物の使用に関する。該治療または予防は、mGluR2のアロステリック調節因子(特に、mGluR2の正のアロステリック調節因子)の神経調節作用によって、影響を受けるかまたは容易となる。また、本発明は、ヒトを含む哺乳動物の疾患を治療もしくは予防、特に治療するための薬剤の製造において使用する本発明に記載の化合物または本発明に記載の医薬組成物に関する。該治療または予防は、mGluR2のアロステリック調節因子(特に、mGluR2の正のアロステリック調節因子)の神経調節作用によって、影響を受けるかまたは容易となる。本発明は、ヒトを含む哺乳動物の疾患を治療もしくは予防、特に治療するための本発明に記載の化合物または本発明に記載の医薬組成物に関する。該治療または予防は、mGluR2のアロステリック調節因子(特に、mGluR2の正のアロステリック調節因子)の神経調節作用によって、影響を受けるかまたは容易となる。
本発明で提供される化合物は、代謝型グルタミン酸受容体の正のアロステリック調節因子であり、特に、該化合物はmGluR2の正のアロステリック調節因子である。本発明の化合物は、グルタミン酸の認識部位、すなわち、オルソステリックリガンド部位に結合するようには見えないが、代わりに該受容体の七回膜貫通領域中のアロステリック部位に結合すると思われる。グルタミン酸またはmGluR2のアゴニストの存在下、本発明の化合物は、mGluR2反応を増強させる。本発明で提供される化合物がグルタミン酸またはmGluR2アゴニストの該受容体反応を増強することができるという事実に基づき、該化合物はmGluR2での効果を有すると期待され、該受容体の反応を増進する。よって、本発明は、医薬として使用する本発明に記載の化合物に関し、さらに本発明は、ヒトを含む哺乳動物の疾患を治療もしくは予防、特に治療するための薬剤の製造における本発明に記載の化合物または本発明に記載の医薬組成物の使用に関する。該治療または予防は、mGluR2のアロステリック調節因子(特に、mGluR2の正のアロステリック調節因子)の神経調節作用によって、影響を受けるかまたは容易となる。また、本発明は、ヒトを含む哺乳動物の疾患を治療もしくは予防、特に治療するための薬剤の製造において使用する本発明に記載の化合物または本発明に記載の医薬組成物に関する。該治療または予防は、mGluR2のアロステリック調節因子(特に、mGluR2の正のアロステリック調節因子)の神経調節作用によって、影響を受けるかまたは容易となる。本発明は、ヒトを含む哺乳動物の疾患を治療もしくは予防、特に治療するための本発明に記載の化合物または本発明に記載の医薬組成物に関する。該治療または予防は、mGluR2のアロステリック調節因子(特に、mGluR2の正のアロステリック調節因子)の神経調節作用によって、影響を受けるかまたは容易となる。
上記中枢神経系障害は、双極性障害(IおよびII),気分循環性障害,鬱病,気分変調性障害,大鬱病性障害および物質誘発性気分障害からなる群から選択される気分障害であることが好ましい。
既に述べたように、本発明は、式(I)の化合物または他の薬剤が有用であり得る疾病または疾患の治療,予防,抑制,改善,またはその危険性の低減における、本発明の化合物および1以上の他の薬剤を含む医薬組成物ならびに薬剤の製造における該組成物の使用にも関する。本発明は、本発明の化合物とmGluR2のオルソステリックアゴニストとの組合せにも関する。本発明は、医薬として使用するこのような組合せにも関する。本発明は、(a)本発明の化合物,その薬学的に許容し得る塩またはその溶媒和物と、(b)mGluR2のオルソステリックアゴニストとを含む、ヒトを含む哺乳動物の疾患の治療または予防における、同時の,単独の,または連続の使用のための複合調剤[combined preparation]としての製品にも関する。該治療または予防は、mGluR2のアロステリック調節因子、特にmGluR2の正のアロステリック調節因子の神経調節作用によって、影響を受けるかまたは容易となる。このような組合せもしくは製品中の種々の薬物は、薬学的に許容し得る担体もしくは希釈剤とともに一度の調製で混合するか、または種々の薬物を、薬学的に許容し得る担体もしくは希釈剤とともに別個に調製して各々を混合しない状態においてもよい。
Claims (19)
- R1が、1−ブチル基,3−メチル−1−ブチル基,(シクロプロピル)メチル基もしくは2−(シクロプロピル)−1−エチル基であり;
R2が、クロロであり;
R3が、水素もしくはクロロであり;
R4が、水素もしくはヒドロキシメチル基であり;
nが、2であり;
Xが、共有結合,OもしくはNR5であり;
R5が、水素であり;
Yが、OもしくはCR6(OH)であり;
R6が、水素もしくはメチル基である請求項1に記載の化合物または薬学的に許容し得るその塩もしくはその溶媒和物。 - トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸1−ブチル−3−クロロ−2−オキソ−1,2−ジヒドロピリジン−4−イルエステルである化合物。
- 治療上の有効量の請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の化合物と、薬学的に許容し得る担体または賦形剤とを含む医薬組成物。
- 薬剤として使用される請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 不安障害,精神病性障害,人格障害,物質関連障害,摂食障害,気分障害,片頭痛,てんかんまたは痙攣性疾患,小児期障害,認知障害,神経変性,神経毒性および虚血からなる群から選択される中枢神経系障害を治療または予防するための薬剤の製造における、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の化合物または請求項4に記載の医薬組成物の使用。
- 上記中枢神経系障害が、広場恐怖,全般性不安障害(GAD),強迫性障害(OCD),パニック障害、心的外傷後ストレス障害(PTSD),社会恐怖症および他の恐怖症からなる群から選択される不安障害である請求項6に記載の使用。
- 上記中枢神経系障害が、統合失調症,妄想性障害,統合失調性感情障害,統合失調症様障害および物質誘発性[substance-induced]精神病性障害からなる群から選択される精神病性障害である請求項6に記載の使用。
- 上記中枢神経系障害が、強迫性人格障害および統合失調性(統合失調症性障害)からなる群から選択される人格障害である請求項6に記載の使用。
- 上記中枢神経系障害が、アルコール乱用,アルコール依存,アルコール離脱,アルコール離脱せん妄,アルコールによる精神病性障害,アンフェタミン依存,アンフェタミン離脱,コカイン依存,コカイン離脱,ニコチン依存,ニコチン離脱,オピオイド依存およびオピオイド離脱からなる群から選択される物質関連障害である請求項6に記載の使用。
- 上記中枢神経系障害が、神経性食欲不振症および神経性過食症からなる群から選択される摂食障害である請求項6に記載の使用。
- 上記中枢神経系障害が、双極性障害(IおよびII),気分循環性障害,鬱病,気分変調性障害,大鬱病性障害および物質誘発性気分障害からなる群から選択される気分障害である請求項6に記載の使用。
- 上記中枢神経系障害が、片頭痛である請求項6に記載の使用。
- 上記中枢神経系障害が、全身性非痙攣性のてんかん,全身性痙攣性のてんかん,小発作てんかん重積状態,大発作てんかん重積状態,意識障害の有無にかかわらない部分てんかん,乳児痙攣,持続性部分てんかん[epilepsy partialis continua],および他の種類のてんかんからなる群から選択されるてんかんまたは痙攣性疾患である請求項6に記載の使用。
- 上記小児期障害が、注意欠陥/多動性障害である請求項6に記載の使用。
- 上記中枢神経系障害が、せん妄,物質誘発性の持続的せん妄,認知症,HIV疾病に起因する認知症,ハンチントン舞踏病に起因する認知症,パーキンソン病に起因する認知症,アルツハイマー型の認知症,物質誘発性の持続的認知症および軽度認識障害からなる群から選択される認知障害である請求項6に記載の使用。
- 上記中枢神経系障害が、不安神経症,統合失調症,片頭痛,鬱病,およびてんかんからなる群から選択される請求項6に記載の使用。
- 請求項6〜17のいずれかに記載の疾患を治療または予防するための薬剤の製造における、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の化合物とmGluR2のオルソステリックアゴニストとを組み合わせた使用:ここで、前記用語「オルソステリック」は、mGluRの大きな細胞外アミノ末端ドメインを指す。
- 不安障害,精神病性障害,人格障害,物質関連障害,摂食障害,気分障害,片頭痛,てんかんまたは痙攣性疾患,小児期障害,認知障害,神経変性,神経毒性および虚血からなる群から選択される中枢神経系障害を治療または予防するのに使用される請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の化合物。
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| PCT/EP2008/007550 WO2009033703A1 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2008-09-12 | 1,3-disubstituted-4-phenyl-1 h-pyridin-2-ones |
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-
2008
- 2008-09-12 TW TW097135275A patent/TW200927731A/zh unknown
- 2008-09-12 CN CN2008801071257A patent/CN101801930B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-09-12 US US12/677,628 patent/US8722894B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-09-12 KR KR1020107008033A patent/KR20100080597A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-09-12 BR BRPI0816970 patent/BRPI0816970A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-09-12 AU AU2008297877A patent/AU2008297877C1/en not_active Ceased
- 2008-09-12 EP EP08802104.3A patent/EP2205565B1/en active Active
- 2008-09-12 NZ NZ584148A patent/NZ584148A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-09-12 MX MX2010002537A patent/MX2010002537A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-09-12 JP JP2010524404A patent/JP5433579B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-09-12 ES ES08802104T patent/ES2409215T3/es active Active
- 2008-09-12 EA EA201000332A patent/EA016969B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-09-12 WO PCT/EP2008/007550 patent/WO2009033703A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2008-09-12 CA CA2698929A patent/CA2698929C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2008-09-15 CL CL2008002744A patent/CL2008002744A1/es unknown
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