JP2010506599A - 第1流体と第2流体との間で成分を交換する方法、第1流体から第1成分を清浄する方法、血液の処理方法、流体処理装置、第1流体と第1及び第2成分を含む第2流体との間で成分を交換する装置、第1流体と第2流体との間で成分を交換する装置、血漿から血球を分離する方法 - Google Patents
第1流体と第2流体との間で成分を交換する方法、第1流体から第1成分を清浄する方法、血液の処理方法、流体処理装置、第1流体と第1及び第2成分を含む第2流体との間で成分を交換する装置、第1流体と第2流体との間で成分を交換する装置、血漿から血球を分離する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
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- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/32—Oxygenators without membranes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
- A61P7/08—Plasma substitutes; Perfusion solutions; Dialytics or haemodialytics; Drugs for electrolytic or acid-base disorders, e.g. hypovolemic shock
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/04—Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
- B01D11/0492—Applications, solvents used
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
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- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/1694—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes with recirculating dialysing liquid
- A61M1/1696—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes with recirculating dialysing liquid with dialysate regeneration
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- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
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Abstract
Description
であり、ゼロ次項については、
の時に
で十分である。
Cl/qS=(λ2+λ)/(λ2+λ+1)
である。
Claims (64)
- 第1流体と第2流体との間で成分を交換する方法において、
それぞれ、第1及び第2流体の少なくとも1つの第1層及び少なくとも1つの第2層を形成して、第1及び第2流体間での成分の拡散に基づく交換を、第1及び第2流体の混合なしに生じさせるようにすること;及び
第2流体からの第1成分をブロックし、かつ第2流体からの第2成分を通すように寸法決めした微細孔を通る第1流体の少なくとも一部を濾過すること
を含むこと
を特徴とする方法。 - 前記濾過が、800nmの以下のサイズの微細孔に第1流体を通すことを含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の方法。
- 第1及び第2層の形成が、第1及び第2流体を通路に流すことを含み、前記濾過が、通路の壁の一部を成すフィルタを設けることを含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の方法。
- 第1及び第2層の形成が、二つの第1層間に単一の第2層を備えてそれらの第1層を形成することを含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の方法。
- 微細孔が、曲がりくねってなくしかも枝分れしていない通路を規定していることを特徴とする請求項1記載の方法。
- 第1成分が赤血球であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の方法。
- 第2流体が血液であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の方法。
- 第1流体が、濾過によって得た濾液中の第2流体のからの第2成分の濃度を高めることで得られた流体を含んでいることを特徴とする請求項1記載の方法。
- 第2成分が血清アルブミンを含んでいることを特徴とする請求項8記載の方法。
- 少なくとも一つの第1層が二つの第1層であり、第1及び第2層の形成が、二つの第1層間に単一の第2層を備えてそれら二つの第1層を形成して、第1流体により、第2流体が通路の壁に直接接触するのを阻止するようにすることを特徴とする請求項1記載の方法。
- 第1及び第2層の形成が、アスペクト比10以上の流れ方向を横切る横断面をもつ通路に第1及び第2流体を流すことを含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の方法。
- 第1及び第2層の形成が、75〜300ミクロンの流れ方向を横切る深さをもつ通路に第1及び第2流体を流すことを含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の方法。
- 深さが約120ミクロンであることを特徴とする請求項12記載の方法。
- 濾過が通路の壁の一部を形成するフィルタを設けることを含むことを特徴とする請求項12記載の方法。
- 第1流体から第1成分を清浄する方法において、
第1流体と溶媒とを混合することなしに第1流体から溶媒へ第1成分を拡散させながら、搬送通路の壁から第1流体の層を分離するように溶媒の少なくとも1つの共流層によって取巻かれた第1流体の層を流すこと;
溶媒から第1成分を除去すること;及び
除去により得られた第1成分のない溶媒を溶媒の共流層に補充すること
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 流体が血液であることを特徴とする請求項15記載の方法。
- 溶媒が水溶液であることを特徴とする請求項15記載の方法。
- 溶媒からの第1成分の除去が、溶媒をフィルタに通し、その結果得られた濾液を別のフィルタに通すことによって溶媒を濾過すること、及び除去の結果得られた濾液を回収することを含むことを特徴とする請求項17記載の方法。
- 溶媒からの第1成分の除去が、溶媒をフィルタに通し、その結果得られた濾液を別のフィルタに通すことによって溶媒を濾過すること、及び除去の結果得られた濾液を回収することを含むことを特徴とする請求項15記載の方法。
- 溶媒からの第1成分の除去が、溶媒を第1フィルタに通して濾液を回収すること及び濾液を第2フィルタへ通して濾液を回収することを含むことを特徴とする請求項15記載の方法。
- 第1流体が血液であり、溶媒からの第1成分の除去が、血球を阻止するために溶媒を濾過することを含むことを特徴とする請求項15記載の方法。
- 第1流体が血液であり、溶媒からの第1成分の除去が、血球から遠隔位置で溶媒を透析すること、及び透析した溶媒を共流層に戻して血液タンパク質を血液中に拡散させることを含むことを特徴とする請求項15記載の方法。
- 壁に1ミクロン未満の最大サイズをもつ規則的なパターンの微細孔を有する壁部分をもつ通路に血液と水性溶媒とを同時に流させること、
微細孔を通って、微細孔の上流点で溶媒を通路へ戻す流れ回路へ溶媒を循環させること
を含むことを特徴とする血液の処理方法。 - 流れ回路が、溶媒から水を除去する処理装置を備えていることを特徴とする請求項23記載の血液の処理方法。
- 流れ回路が、溶媒から尿毒素を除去する処理装置を備えていることを特徴とする請求項23記載の血液の処理方法。
- 微細孔が600ミクロン未満の最大サイズをもつことを特徴とする請求項23記載の血液の処理方法。
- 血球が壁面のほぼ全てに接触しないようにする流れを同時流れが生じさせることを特徴とする請求項23記載の血液の処理方法。
- 微細孔が約50nm又はそれ未満の最大サイズをもつことを特徴とする請求項23記載の血液の処理方法。
- 同時流れが、通路内をほぼ等しい容積流量で血液と水性溶媒を流すことを含むことを特徴とする請求項23記載の血液の処理方法。
- 長さで分離ししかも流れ方向を規定する入力端部と出力端部とを備え、幅と深さの比が10以上であり、深さが300ミクロン程度であり、幅及び深さが流れの方向に垂直である通路と;
二つの入口抽出流体ポート及び入口端部近くに位置した二つの入口抽出流体ポート間の一つの入口試料流体ポート、並びに各々第1フィルタを備えた二つの出口抽出流体ポート及び出口端部近くに位置した二つの出口抽出流体ポート間の一つの出口試料流体ポートと;
を有し、
出口抽出流体ポートの少なくとも一方が別の通路を介して入口抽出流体ポートの少なくとも一方に結合されていること
を含むことを特徴とする流体処理装置。 - 通路が、幅及び長さに等しい寸法の壁面を備え、第1フィルタが壁の一部を形成していることを特徴とする請求項30記載の流体処理装置。
- 第1フィルタの微細孔サイズが1000nm程度であることを特徴とする請求項30記載の流体処理装置。
- 第1フィルタの微細孔サイズが800nm程度であることを特徴とする請求項30記載の流体処理装置。
- 第1フィルタの微細孔サイズが300nm程度であることを特徴とする請求項30記載の流体処理装置。
- 通路の深さが120ミクロン程度であることを特徴とする請求項30記載の流体処理装置。
- 幅と深さとの比が50以上であることを特徴とする請求項35記載の流体処理装置。
- さらに、一日程度にわたる処理サイクル中に通路を通して少なくとも1リットルの血液と少なくとも1リットルの溶媒とを汲み上げるように構成した少なくとも一つのポンプを有することを特徴とする請求項30記載の流体処理装置。
- 入口及び出口試料ポートが、患者にアクセスするため動脈及び静脈血管に接続できるコネクタを備えた通路に接続されることを特徴とする請求項30記載の流体処理装置。
- 第1流体と第1及び第2成分を含む第2流体との間で成分を交換する装置において、
第1及び第2流体が互いに直接接触するが混合しないようにして、それぞれ第1及び第2流体の少なくとも一つの第1層と少なくとも一つの第2層とを形成するように第1流体及び第2流体を受ける通路を有し;
少なくとも一つの第1層及び少なくとも一つの第2層が同じ方向に流れ;
通路が、第1流体のみを受ける少なくとも一つのフィルタを備えた出口を有し、少なくとも一つのフィルタが、第2流体からの第2成分を通すが、第2流体からの第1構成成分を阻止するように寸法決めした微細孔を備えていること
を特徴とする装置。 - 少なくとも一つのフィルタが、800nm以下のサイズの微細孔を備えていることを特徴とする請求項39記載の装置。
- 通路が壁を備え、少なくとも一つのフィルタが通路壁の一部を規定していることを特徴とする請求項39記載の装置。
- 少なくとも一つの第1層が二つの層であり、少なくとも一つの第2層が一つの層であり、第2層が二つの第1層間に位置決めされていることを特徴とする請求項39記載の装置。
- 微細孔が、曲がりくねってなくしかも枝分れしていない通路を規定していることを特徴とする請求項39記載の装置。
- 第1成分が赤血球であることを特徴とする請求項39記載の装置。
- 第2流体が血液を含み、第1成分が赤血球であることを特徴とする請求項39記載の装置。
- 第1流体が、少なくとも一つフィルタに第1流体を通すことによって得た濾液中の第2成分の濃度を高めることで得られた流体を含んでいることを特徴とする請求項39記載の装置。
- 第2成分が血清アルブミンを含んでいることを特徴とする請求項46記載の装置。
- 通路が壁を備え、少なくとも一つの第1層が二つの第1層であり、第1及び第2層の形成が、二つの第1層間に単一の第2層を備えてそれら二つの第1層を形成して、第1流体により、第2流体が通路の壁に直接接触するのを阻止するように構成したことを特徴とする請求項39記載の装置。
- 通路が、アスペクト比10以上の流れ方向を横切る横断面をもつことを特徴とする請求項39記載の装置。
- 通路が、75〜300ミクロンの流れ方向を横切る深さをもつことを特徴とする請求項39記載の装置。
- 深さが約120ミクロンであることを特徴とする請求項50記載の装置。
- 少なくとも一つのフィルタが通路の壁の一部を形成することを含むことを特徴とする請求項51記載の装置。
- 第1流体と第2流体との間で成分を交換する装置において、
各々それぞれの入口と出口とを備え、入口内へ流れる少なくとも二つの流体が互いに直接接触して入口内へ流れさせ、そして出口から流出させる第1及び第2通路と;
入口及び出口を備え、入口で受けた流体の性質を変え、性質の変わった流体を出口へ運ぶ流体処理装置と
を有し;
第1通路の出口の第1出口が第2通路の入口の第1入口に接続され;
第1通路の出口の第2出口が流体処理装置の入口に接続され;
第2通路の入口の第2入口が流体処理装置の出口に接続されていること;
を特徴とする装置。 - 流体処理装置が膜であることを特徴とする請求項53記載の装置。
- 流体処理装置が透析装置であることを特徴とする請求項53記載の装置。
- さらに、通路内の流体間の輸送が主として拡散によるように層流形態で第1及び第2通路に流体を流れさせる流体輸送装置を有することを特徴とする請求項53記載の装置。
- 第1通路の出口の第2出口がフィルタを備えていることを特徴とする請求項53記載の装置。
- フィルタが最大600nmのサイズの微細孔を備えていることを特徴とする請求項57記載の装置。
- 血漿から血球を分離する方法において、
被濾過出口を備えた容器表面から、血球及び血漿を含む層において血球のほとんどを抜き取ること;
血球が被濾過出口に入るのを阻止するように被濾過出口を介して血漿を除去すること
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 層が流動層であることを特徴とする請求項59記載の方法。
- 血球の抜き取りが、表面から離れるより壁に近い方が高いせん断勾配を流動層に形成することを含むことを特徴とする請求項60記載の方法。
- 層が水性溶媒を含むことを特徴とする請求項59記載の方法。
- 被濾過出口が容器表面と共面である表面を備えたフィルタを備えていることを含むことを特徴とする請求項59記載の方法。
- 被濾過出口が容器表面と共面である表面を備えたフィルタを備え、層が、フィルタの表面を清浄するのに有効であるせん断を表面近くに備えた流動層であることを特徴とする請求項59記載の方法。
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| PCT/US2007/069414 WO2007137245A2 (en) | 2006-05-22 | 2007-05-22 | Systems and methods of microfluidic membraneless exchange using filtration of extraction fluid outlet streams |
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- 2007-05-22 JP JP2009512252A patent/JP2010506599A/ja not_active Ceased
- 2007-05-22 AU AU2007253702A patent/AU2007253702A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-05-22 AT AT07797637T patent/ATE542583T1/de active
- 2007-05-22 US US11/814,117 patent/US7727399B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-05-22 EP EP07797637A patent/EP2019658B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-05-22 WO PCT/US2007/069414 patent/WO2007137245A2/en active Application Filing
- 2007-05-22 BR BRPI0711896-1A patent/BRPI0711896A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-05-22 MX MX2008014732A patent/MX2008014732A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-05-22 CN CNA2007800265867A patent/CN101534917A/zh active Pending
- 2007-05-22 CA CA002652173A patent/CA2652173A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| US8097162B2 (en) | 2012-01-17 |
| CA2652173A1 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
| AU2007253702A1 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
| US8257593B2 (en) | 2012-09-04 |
| US20120292253A1 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
| WO2007137245A3 (en) | 2008-11-27 |
| US8092684B2 (en) | 2012-01-10 |
| WO2007137245A2 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
| US20090139931A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
| EP2019658A4 (en) | 2010-02-17 |
| EP2019658B1 (en) | 2012-01-25 |
| ATE542583T1 (de) | 2012-02-15 |
| BRPI0711896A2 (pt) | 2012-07-17 |
| US20100198131A1 (en) | 2010-08-05 |
| US7727399B2 (en) | 2010-06-01 |
| US20110062083A1 (en) | 2011-03-17 |
| CN101534917A (zh) | 2009-09-16 |
| EP2019658A2 (en) | 2009-02-04 |
| US20120103901A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
| MX2008014732A (es) | 2009-04-07 |
| US8470180B2 (en) | 2013-06-25 |
| US8097153B2 (en) | 2012-01-17 |
| US20110066097A1 (en) | 2011-03-17 |
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