JP2010018489A - Hydraulic composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To maintain the aesthetics and texture of the outer wall of a building and the surface layer of the structure without the need for complicated maintenance work for restoring the aesthetics of the outer wall of the building and the surface layer of the structure. It aimed at providing the structure which has the hydraulic composition used for the finishing of a building, and the hardening body layer using the same in a surface layer.
SOLUTION: The present invention is a hydraulic composition comprising a hydraulic component made of alumina cement, Portland cement and gypsum and a fine aggregate, and the fine aggregate contains particles having a particle diameter exceeding 1 mm. The hydraulic composition is characterized in that the mass ratio of the hydraulic component to the fine aggregate (hydraulic component / fine aggregate) is 0.06 to 0.12.
[Selection figure] None

Description

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used as a finishing material for various buildings, and the surface of the finishing material is physically and naturally weathered during a long-term service, so that the surface of the finishing material having a natural and good texture is constantly maintained. The present invention relates to a hydraulic composition used for forming a film and a structure obtained using the hydraulic composition.

A wide variety of organic finishing materials and inorganic finishing materials are used for finishing of various buildings, but in the course of long-term use of buildings, dirt from wind and rain adheres to its outer walls and surface layers. Furthermore, it is often accumulated that the aesthetics and texture of the original building are lost.

In the process of various buildings being used for a long period of time, measures such as increasing the frequency of cleaning work and finishing materials can be used to prevent the appearance and texture from being damaged by dirt and dust that adheres and accumulates on the outer walls and surface of the building. A method of utilizing a photocatalyst has been devised.

  As a method for preventing dirt due to wind and rain, etc., Patent Document 1 provides an antifouling joint structure excellent in stain resistance and water absorption prevention, and a joint material treating agent useful for manufacturing these joint structures. For this purpose, an antifouling joint structure is disclosed in which the surface is photocatalytically active and / or hydrophilic, and the interior is water repellent from the vicinity of the surface.

In addition, Patent Document 2 provides building materials such as wall materials and tiles in which functionality is efficiently exhibited when using functional materials such as a visible light photocatalytic effect, deodorant properties, and antibacterial properties. For this purpose, building materials such as mortar wall materials and tiles that are photocatalysts and mortar containing diatomaceous earth are disclosed.

JP 2004-100188 A JP 2006-77554 A

If it is possible to avoid the accumulation of dirt due to wind and rain on the outer wall and surface of the building during the long-term service of various buildings, complicated maintenance to restore the aesthetics of the outer wall of the building and the surface of the structure Work is unnecessary, and social contribution is high from the viewpoint of economic and good landscape formation.

The present invention eliminates the need for complicated maintenance work for the aesthetic recovery of the outer wall of the building and the surface of the structure, and can keep the aesthetic and texture of the outer wall of the building and the surface of the structure constantly. It aimed at providing the structure which has the hydraulic composition used for finishing of various buildings, and the hardening body layer using the same on the surface layer.

As a result of diligent research and development on the above problems, the present inventors use a hydraulic component that is excellent in fast curing and quick drying properties, and a fine aggregate having a specific particle size is in a predetermined ratio with respect to the hydraulic component. It can be used as a finishing material for various buildings, and the surface of the finishing material is physically and naturally weathered in the long-term service process, and the surface of the finishing material having a natural and good texture is constantly maintained. The present invention was completed by finding that a structure can be obtained.

That is, the first of the present invention is a hydraulic composition comprising a hydraulic component made of alumina cement, Portland cement and gypsum and a fine aggregate, and the fine aggregate contains particles having a particle diameter exceeding 1 mm. The hydraulic composition is characterized in that the mass ratio (hydraulic component / fine aggregate) between the hydraulic component and the fine aggregate is 0.06 to 0.12.
The second of the present invention is a hydraulic mortar obtained by kneading the hydraulic composition of the present invention and water.
3rd of this invention is a structure which has the hardening body layer of the hydraulic mortar obtained by knead | mixing the hydraulic composition of this invention and water in a surface layer.

Preferred embodiments of the hydraulic composition of the present invention are shown below. A plurality of these can be combined.
(1) The hydraulic component (100% by mass) is composed of 30 to 60% by mass of alumina cement, 20 to 50% by mass of Portland cement and 10 to 40% by mass of gypsum.
(2) The hydraulic component shall consist of white alumina cement, white Portland cement and anhydrous gypsum.
(3) Fine aggregate (100% by mass) is composed of 5 to 25% by mass of fine limestone sand, 50 to 70% by mass of fine silica sand and 20 to 40% by mass of talc.
(4) The hydraulic composition further contains a re-emulsifying resin powder, an organic lightweight aggregate, and organic short fibers.
(5) In the re-emulsified resin powder, the average particle diameter of the primary particles of the resin powder is 0.2 to 0.8 μm, and the surface of the primary particles of the resin powder is coated with a water-soluble protective colloid of polyvinyl alcohol. Acrylic copolymer re-emulsifying resin powder.
(6) The organic lightweight aggregate is an ethylene vinyl acetate resin-based lightweight aggregate, and the organic short fiber is a polyester resin short fiber.
(7) The hydraulic composition further contains at least one component selected from a pigment, a setting modifier, a fluidizing agent, a thickener and an antifoaming agent.
(8) The hydraulic composition is kneaded on the wall of the building structure by kneading 100 parts by mass of the hydraulic composition and 20-30 parts by mass of water to prepare a hydraulic mortar.
(9) The hydraulic mortar hardened body prepared by kneading the hydraulic composition and water has a length change rate of ± 0 to -0.04% at a material age of 7 days, and a material age of 28 days. The rate of change in length is in the range of ± 0 to -0.05%.

The hydraulic composition of the present invention uses a hydraulic component that is excellent in quick curing and quick drying, and finishes various buildings by blending fine aggregates having a specific particle size at a certain ratio with respect to the hydraulic component. When used as a material, the surface of the finish material is physically and naturally weathered during a long-term service, and a hardened body structure capable of constantly maintaining a finished surface having a natural and good texture can be formed.
The cured body structure obtained by using the hydraulic composition of the present invention has a good natural weathering property but is not a porous structure, so that soil substances accumulate on the surface of the cured body even for long-term use in outdoor environments. Without this, the finished surface having a natural and good texture can be constantly maintained.

The mechanism by which the hydraulic mortar cured body formed using the hydraulic composition of the present invention is constantly excellent in aesthetics and has a natural texture will be described.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the state of a surface layer of a mortar cured body produced in the course of long-term use of a hydraulic mortar cured body, a general mortar cured body and a porous mortar cured body using the hydraulic composition of the present invention. FIG.

In the case of a general hardened mortar, the structure / structure of the hardened body is a structure / structure hardened by excessive filling of a hydraulic paste containing hydraulic components and water in the gaps between the structures filled with fine aggregates. The physical properties, such as strength, exceed the strength properties of the hydraulic mortar cured product of the present invention. If the cleaning process is not performed, it is difficult to remove the dirt. If measures such as regular cleaning are not taken, deposits and the like increase on the surface of the mortar cured body, which impairs the beauty.

In addition, in the case of a porous mortar cured body with a small amount of hydraulic paste, the physical properties such as strength are not only lower than the strength characteristics of the hydraulic mortar cured body of the present invention, but also cured in a long-term service process. On the body surface, dirt components due to adhered substances gradually permeate from the surface of the cured body through the pores and into the interior of the hydraulic mortar cured body. For this reason, even if the surface layer part of the cured mortar is naturally weathered in the long-term service process and the surface layer to which the soil components adhere is dropped, the soil components that have penetrated into the pores are newly added to the surface of the cured mortar body. It is difficult to restore the original aesthetics of the construction because of the exposure.

On the other hand, the cured hydraulic mortar formed using the hydraulic composition of the present invention is filled with a hydraulic paste containing a hydraulic component and water in the gaps between the structures filled with fine aggregates. It forms a state close to the hardened structure / structure. Therefore, the inside of the cured body does not have a porous structure.
If the surface of a building wall structure or the like is provided on the hydraulic mortar cured body layer of the present invention and used for a long time, the surface of the hydraulic mortar cured body of the present invention may also be contaminated by deposits or the like. Conceivable. However, the hydraulic mortar cured body of the present invention sets the ratio of the hydraulic component and the fine aggregate to a predetermined range and does not have excessive strength and imparts appropriate brittleness. The surface of the cured body was exposed to wind and rain in the course of long-term operation, or was gradually carbonated by CO2 in the atmosphere, and the weathering continued to progress extremely little by little, and the dirt deposits on the surface were weathered. Together with the part, it will fall off the surface of the cured hydraulic mortar. In this way, the surface of the cured hydraulic mortar body is slightly dropped in the long-term service process, and a new surface is exposed from the interior of the cured hydraulic mortar body, so it is constantly excellent in aesthetics and has a natural texture. The state can be maintained.

  The hydraulic composition of the present invention is a hydraulic composition containing a hydraulic component made of alumina cement, Portland cement and gypsum and a fine aggregate, and the fine aggregate contains particles having a particle diameter exceeding 1 mm. The mass ratio between the hydraulic component and the fine aggregate (hydraulic component / fine aggregate) is 0.06 to 0.12.

  Several types of alumina cement having different mineral compositions are known and commercially available, but the main component is monocalcium aluminate (CA), and commercially available products can be used regardless of the type.

  By blending various pigments with the hydraulic composition of the present invention, a colored cured mortar cured body (cured mortar cured body) can be obtained. When various pigments are blended in the hydraulic composition of the present invention, it is preferable to use white alumina cement having high whiteness as the alumina cement.

  Portland cement includes ordinary Portland cement, early-strength Portland cement, ultra-early strong Portland cement, medium-heated Portland cement, low-heat Portland cement such as Portland cement and white Portland cement, mixed cement such as blast furnace cement, fly ash cement and silica cement Can be used.

  When various pigments are blended in the hydraulic composition of the present invention to obtain a colored hydraulic mortar cured body, it is preferable to use white Portland cement having high whiteness as Portland cement.

As for gypsum, each gypsum such as anhydrous gypsum, hemihydrate gypsum, and dihydrate gypsum can be used as one type or a mixture of two or more types regardless of the type.
Gypsum functions as a component that retains dimensional stability after the mortar obtained by kneading the hydraulic composition and water is cured.

In the present invention, it is preferable to use a hydraulic component made of alumina cement, Portland cement and gypsum as the hydraulic component.
The hydraulic component is preferably composed of 30 to 60% by mass of alumina cement, 20 to 50% by mass of Portland cement and 10 to 40% by mass of gypsum, more preferably 100% by mass of the hydraulic component. A composition comprising 35 to 55% by weight of alumina cement, 25 to 45% by weight of Portland cement and 15 to 35% by weight of gypsum, more preferably 40 to 50% by weight of alumina cement, 30 to 40% by weight of Portland cement and 18 to 30 of gypsum. By using a composition consisting of 42% by weight of alumina cement, 32-36% by weight of Portland cement, and 20-24% by weight of gypsum, particularly preferably, it has fast hardening and quick drying, and low Shrinkage or low expansion, almost no change in volume during the curing process, suppressing the generation of cracks as much as possible It preferred for easily obtained of the body.
When the mixing ratio of alumina cement, Portland cement and gypsum constituting the hydraulic component is out of the above range, the cured body may crack due to the shrinkage of the curing process, and the appearance may be damaged, or it may be cured by the expansion of the curing process. Since the body has excessive brittleness, the blending ratio of alumina cement, Portland cement and gypsum is preferably within the preferred range of the previous period.

In the present invention, while having sufficient durability for long-term use, it is gradually applied from the surface of the cured body for a long time by natural erosion due to wind and rain under long-term outdoor exposure conditions and carbonation by CO2 in the atmosphere. In order to impart the characteristic of continuous brittle peeling, a fine aggregate having a specific particle size is used in a predetermined ratio with respect to the hydraulic component.

  As the fine aggregate, if it is a fine aggregate having a particle diameter of 1 mm or less, known quartz sand, river sand, sea sand, mountain sand, limestone sand and other fine sands generally used as fine aggregate, waste FCC Catalysts, quartz powder, alumina cement clinker and the like can be preferably used, and blast furnace slag fine powder, fly ash, silica fume, limestone fine powder, dolomite fine powder, talc fine powder, mica fine powder and the like can be preferably used.

Also, two or more types of fine aggregates having different particle size configurations can be mixed to prepare and use a fine aggregate containing a suitable proportion of fine particles. The fine aggregate that can be suitably used in the present invention is not particularly limited in its preparation method as long as it satisfies the predetermined particle size. The particle size of the fine aggregate is measured using several sieves having different nominal dimensions as defined in JIS Z 8801.

  In the present invention, it is possible to form a hardened body structure having a predetermined brittle characteristic while having good glazing workability and a dense structure at a suitable blending ratio of the hydraulic component and the fine aggregate. As the aggregate, it is preferable to use fine aggregate made of fine limestone sand, fine silica sand and talc.

When the fine aggregate is 100% by mass, the fine aggregate is preferably in the range of 5 to 25% by mass of fine limestone sand, 50 to 70% by mass of fine silica sand and 20 to 40% by mass of talc, more preferably fine limestone. The range of 10-20% by weight of sand, 52-65% by weight of fine silica sand and 23-38% by weight of talc, particularly preferably 12-18% by weight of fine limestone sand, 55-60% by weight of fine silica sand and 25-35% by weight of talc. It is preferable to use a fine aggregate in the range of the range because it is possible to form a hardened body structure having good brittleness and a predetermined brittle characteristic while having a dense structure.

  If the proportions of fine limestone sand, fine silica sand and talc deviate from the above preferred range, the glazing workability will deteriorate, the hardened body structure will become too dense and appropriate brittleness will not be imparted, and natural weathering will be reduced. Or, conversely, the hardened body structure becomes a sparse structure and has excessive brittleness, and it may not be possible to obtain the minimum strength properties as a surface finish material of the structure, so fine limestone sand, The proportion of fine silica sand and talc is preferably in the above-mentioned preferred range.

In the present invention, a mass ratio of hydraulic component and fine aggregate (hydraulic component) is used in order to form a hardened body structure having a predetermined brittle characteristic while having a good plastering workability and a dense structure. / Fine aggregate) is preferably in the range of 0.06 to 0.12, more preferably in the range of 0.07 to 0.10, particularly preferably in the range of 0.08 to 0.09. It is preferable that

When the mass ratio of the hydraulic component to the fine aggregate (hydraulic component / fine aggregate) is within the above-mentioned preferable range, the structure / structure of the cured body obtained using the hydraulic composition is the fine aggregate. It is possible to form a state similar to a hardened structure and structure filled with a hydraulic paste containing hydraulic components and water in the gaps of the filled structure without excess or deficiency. The cured product characteristics can be obtained.

When the mass ratio between the hydraulic component and the fine aggregate (hydraulic component / fine aggregate) is smaller than the above-mentioned preferable range, the paintability of the hydraulic mortar using the hydraulic composition is reduced, If the brittleness of the hardened hydraulic mortar is excessive, and the mass ratio of the hydraulic component and fine aggregate (hydraulic component / fine aggregate) is larger than the above preferred range, the brittleness of the hardened hydraulic mortar is insufficient. And since natural weathering characteristic is impaired, it is preferable that the mass ratio (a hydraulic component / fine aggregate) of a hydraulic component and a fine aggregate shall be the said suitable range.

  The hydraulic composition of the present invention includes a hydraulic component composed of alumina cement, Portland cement and gypsum, and fine aggregate, and further includes a re-emulsifying resin powder, an organic lightweight aggregate, and organic short fibers. It is preferable to contain.

The hydraulic composition of the present invention prevents the generation of wrinkles and bubble marks due to drying of the cured body surface when hydraulic mortar is applied outdoors, and the generation of bleeding water due to material separation. Re-emulsified resin powder is added to provide the effect of significantly improving the elasticity of the cured body and preventing the occurrence of cracks by appropriately increasing the elasticity of the cured body and the effect of improving the adhesive strength between the cured body and the substrate. It is preferable to use it. By using the re-emulsified resin powder, the above effects can be obtained, and a hydraulic mortar cured body having appropriate brittleness and suitable durability can be obtained.

The re-emulsifying resin powder used in the hydraulic composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected from commercially available re-emulsifying resin powders.
In the hydraulic composition of the present invention, it is preferable that the constituent components are premixed and supplied because the composition ratio of the constituent components can be strictly controlled. For this reason, about a resin component, a powdery re-emulsification type resin powder can be used conveniently.

The type and process of the re-emulsifying resin powder is not particularly limited, and those manufactured by a known manufacturing method can be used. As the re-emulsifying resin powder, an anti-blocking agent is mainly used. The thing adhering to the surface of a re-emulsion-type resin powder can be used.
As the re-emulsified resin powder, a re-emulsified resin powder obtained by removing the solvent and drying the aqueous polymer dispersion by a method such as spraying or freeze drying is used.

In the present invention, an acrylic copolymer-based re-emulsified resin powder produced from a protective colloid acrylic emulsion can be suitably used as the re-emulsified resin powder. A re-emulsifying resin powder of a methacrylic acid ester copolymer can be suitably used.

The average particle diameter of the primary particles (emulsion particles) of the acrylic copolymer-based re-emulsifying resin powder is preferably in the range of 0.2 to 0.8 μm, more preferably 0.25 to 0.75 μm. Range, more preferably in the range of 0.3 to 0.7 μm, particularly preferably in the range of 0.35 to 0.65 μm by selecting and using good workability and dense polymer It is preferable because excellent adhesiveness obtained by forming a film and appropriate brittleness can be obtained together.
In the case of hydraulic mortar using acrylic copolymer-based re-emulsifying resin powder with an average primary particle size in the above-mentioned range, when the surface of the mortar is smooth using a plasterer, etc. Elongation is obtained.
When the average particle size of the primary particles of the re-emulsified resin powder is larger than the above range, the workability at the time of mortar construction is good, but it is not preferable because the adhesiveness of the mortar cured body is lowered. When the average particle size of the primary particles is smaller than the above range, the adhesiveness of the mortar cured body is good, but it is preferable because the trowel feeding ability and trowel elongation at the time of mortar construction are lowered and workability is deteriorated. Absent.

In the present invention, the particle size of the primary particles of the re-emulsifiable resin powder in 100% by mass of the acrylic copolymer-based re-emulsified resin powder, preferably contains 97% by mass or more of 0.1-1 μm particles, Preferably, it contains 95% by mass or more of particles of 0.15-0.9 μm, more preferably 90% by mass or more of particles of 0.2-0.8 μm, particularly preferably particles of 0.3-0.7 μm By selecting and using those containing 75% by mass or more, it is preferable because good workability, excellent adhesiveness obtained by forming a dense polymer film, and appropriate brittleness can be obtained.
When primary particles having a particle size in the above range are included in the above range, in the hydraulic mortar using the acrylic copolymer-based re-emulsifying resin powder, when the surface of the mortar is smoothly finished using a plasterer or the like, Good trowel feedability and trowel elongation are obtained.
When the average particle size of the primary particles of the resin component is larger than the above range, the workability at the time of mortar construction is good, but it is not preferable because the adhesiveness of the cured mortar is lowered, and the average particle size of the primary particles of the resin component When the diameter is smaller than the above range, the adhesiveness of the mortar cured body is good, but it is not preferable because the trowel feeding ability and trowel elongation at the time of mortar construction are lowered and workability is deteriorated.

The acrylic copolymer-based re-emulsifying resin powder used in the present invention preferably has primary particles coated with a water-soluble protective colloid of polyvinyl alcohol.
The surface of the primary particles of the re-emulsified resin powder is coated with a water-soluble protective colloid of polyvinyl alcohol, so that the state of the original emulsion quickly (1 before the resin powder is formed) in the re-emulsification process. Secondary particle state), that is, a state in which primary particles are uniformly dispersed in the hydraulic mortar.

  In the present invention, an acrylic copolymer-based re-emulsifying resin powder is selected that includes the primary particle diameter in the above range within the above range, and the surface of the primary particle is coated with a water-soluble protective colloid of polyvinyl alcohol. By using the mortar, excellent workability at the time of mortar construction is obtained, the mortar cured body is excellent in adhesion to the ground, and the cured body itself can be imparted with moderate brittleness.

The acrylic copolymer-based re-emulsifying resin powder used in the present invention is used in the form of secondary particles in which primary particles are aggregated through a process such as spray drying.
The particle diameter of the secondary particles of the acrylic copolymer-based re-emulsifying resin powder used in the present invention is preferably in the range of 20 to 100 μm, more preferably in the range of 30 to 90 μm, more preferably 45 to 85 μm. In the process of kneading the hydraulic composition containing the re-emulsifying resin powder and water and kneading it into a mortar, the range of 50 to 80 μm is particularly preferable. Re-emulsification having a secondary particle size in the above range because the particles are crushed by the fine aggregate contained in the hydraulic composition and easily redispersed, and the primary particles tend to be uniformly dispersed. It is preferable to use a mold resin powder.
If the secondary particle size of the re-emulsifying resin powder is larger than the above range, it is difficult to re-disperse during the mortarization process, and the primary particles are not easily dispersed uniformly. When it becomes smaller than the above range, when premixing at the factory to produce a hydraulic composition, the re-emulsification type resin powder is scattered and handling properties such as deterioration of the working environment are deteriorated.

The re-emulsifying resin powder used in the present invention is preferably 1 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 3 to 15 parts by mass, still more preferably 5 to 12 parts by mass, particularly preferably 100 parts by mass of the hydraulic component. By blending in the range of 7 to 10 parts by mass, good workability, high base adhesion, and proper hardened brittleness can be obtained.
When the blending ratio of the resin powder is larger than the above range, the viscosity of the mortar obtained by adding water to the hydraulic composition is increased, workability and trowel workability are reduced, and wrinkles and bubbles due to drying of the surface layer While it becomes easy to generate | occur | produce a trace, there exists a tendency for the compressive strength of a hardening body to fall. On the other hand, when the blending ratio is smaller than the above range, the effect of suppressing cracking due to the improved elasticity of the mortar cured body tends to be small, and the surface finish of the mortar cured body tends to be poor.

The hydraulic composition of the present invention preferably uses an organic lightweight aggregate and organic short fibers in order to obtain a hydraulic mortar cured body having appropriate brittleness and suitable durability.

The organic lightweight aggregate is not particularly limited, and commercially available organic lightweight aggregates such as ethylene vinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, and nylon resin can be appropriately selected and used. A vinyl acetate resin-based organic lightweight aggregate can be suitably used because it can stably obtain a uniform dispersed state in hydraulic mortar.

The organic lightweight aggregate used in the present invention is preferably 0.2 to 4.0 parts by mass, more preferably 0.4 to 3.0 parts by mass, and still more preferably 100 parts by mass of the hydraulic component. By blending in the range of 0.6 to 2.0 parts by mass, particularly preferably in the range of 0.8 to 1.5 parts by mass, appropriate brittleness and suitable durability can be obtained together.

The organic lightweight aggregate preferably has a particle size in the range of 10 to 500 μm, and particularly preferably has a particle size in the range of 20 to 200 μm.
The organic lightweight aggregate preferably has a bulk specific gravity in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 kg / liter, particularly preferably in the range of 0.15 to 0.3 kg / liter.
When the organic lightweight aggregate has a particle diameter and a bulk specific gravity in the above-mentioned preferable ranges, it is possible to obtain good glazing workability and impart brittleness without bias to the cured body surface.

The organic short fibers used in the present invention are not particularly limited, and commercially available resin short fibers such as vinylon resin short fibers, acrylic resin short fibers, nylon resin short fibers, and polyester resin short fibers are appropriately selected and used. be able to.
In the present invention, polyester resin short fibers are particularly preferable because they can impart good durability without impairing the moderate brittleness of the cured hydraulic mortar.

The organic short fiber used in the present invention is preferably 1.0 to 5.0 parts by mass, more preferably 2.0 to 4.5 parts by mass, particularly preferably 3 to 100 parts by mass of the hydraulic component. By blending in the range of 0.0 to 4.0 parts by mass, appropriate brittleness and suitable durability can be obtained together.

  The hydraulic composition of the present invention comprises a hydraulic component, fine aggregate, re-emulsified resin powder, organic lightweight aggregate and organic short fiber, pigment, setting modifier, fluidizing agent, thickener and At least one component selected from antifoaming agents can be included.

  As the pigment, a white pigment, a chromatic pigment, a black pigment, and the like can be used, and these can be used in combination of two or more. By using the pigment, the hydraulic mortar can be colored to be a colored hydraulic mortar, so that a colored hydraulic mortar cured body having excellent aesthetics can be formed.

  Examples of white pigments include titanium dioxide (titanium oxide), lead white, and zinc oxide. These can be used in combination of two or more.

  Known pigments can be used without limitation, for example, inorganic pigments such as metal oxides, hydroxides, sulfides, chromates, carbonates, sulfates and silicates; azo series, diphenylmethane series And organic pigments such as triphenylmethane, phthalocyanine, nitro, nitroso, anthraquinone, quinacridone red, benzidine, and condensed polycyclic. Further, it may be colored fibers or glossy metal particles. There is no restriction | limiting in particular about the hue of a chromatic color pigment, Any things, such as yellow, blue, red, and green, can be used. Two or more kinds of these pigments can be used in combination.

  Specific examples of chromatic pigments that can be used in the present invention include inorganic pigments such as petals, ultramarine blue, cobalt blue, titanium yellow, bitumen, zinc sulfide, barium yellow, cobalt blue, and cobalt green; quinacridone red, polyazo Yellow, Anthraquinone Red, Anthraquinone Yellow, Polyazo Red, Azo Lake Yellow, Berylene, Phthalocyanine Blue, Phthalocyanine Green, Isoindolinone Yellow, Watching Red, Permanent Red, Para Red, Toluidine Maroon, Benzidine Yellow, Fast Sky Blue, Brilliant Carmine 6B Organic pigments such as, colored fibers, glossy metal particles, and the like. These pigments can be used in combination of two or more.

  Examples of the black pigment include carbon black and iron black. Two or more black pigments can be used in combination.

  By using white pigments, chromatic pigments, black pigments, etc. in combination, it is possible to form a colored hydraulic mortar cured body that is achromatic and highly environmentally harmonious, and is suitable for construction sites where consideration for the landscape is strongly required Can be used.

  The setting modifier can be added as appropriate within the range that does not impair the properties, depending on the hydraulic component used or the constituent component of the hydraulic composition, and the components, addition amount and mixing ratio of the setting retarder and the setting accelerator. Can be adjusted as appropriate, and the pot life and quick setting / drying property of the hydraulic mortar prepared by kneading the hydraulic composition and water can be adjusted, and the use of the mortar becomes very easy. Therefore, it is preferable.

  As the setting retarder, a known setting retarder can be used. Examples of setting retarders include organic acids such as sodium sulfate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium tartrate (L-sodium tartrate, DL-sodium tartrate, sodium hydrogen tartrate, etc.), sodium malate, sodium citrates, sodium gluconate For example, sodium salts such as inorganic sodium salts and organic sodium salts, and oxycarboxylic acids can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Oxycarboxylic acids include oxycarboxylic acids and their salts.
Examples of the oxycarboxylic acid include aliphatic oxyacids such as citric acid, gluconic acid, tartaric acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, hydroacrylic acid, α-oxybutyric acid, glyceric acid, tartronic acid, malic acid, salicylic acid, and m-oxybenzoic acid. Examples thereof include aromatic oxyacids such as acid, p-oxybenzoic acid, gallic acid, mandelic acid and tropic acid.

Examples of oxycarboxylic acid salts include alkali metal salts of oxycarboxylic acids (specifically, sodium salts, potassium salts, etc.), alkaline earth metal salts (specifically, calcium salts, barium salts, magnesium salts, etc.), etc. Can be mentioned.
In particular, sodium bicarbonate and sodium L-tartrate are preferred from the standpoints of setting delay effect, availability, and cost, and more preferably used in combination.

When using 1 type or 2 or more types of setting retarders, the addition amount of each setting retarder is with respect to 100 mass parts of hydraulic components,
Preferably it is 0.01 to 1.5 parts by mass,
Particularly preferably, it is preferable to use in the range of 0.25 to 0.8 parts by mass because a suitable pot life (handling time) can be secured.

  As a setting accelerator, the well-known component which accelerates | stimulates can be used, for example, the lithium salt which has a setting promotion effect can be used suitably.

  Examples of lithium salts include inorganic lithium salts such as lithium carbonate, lithium chloride, lithium sulfate, lithium nitrate, lithium hydroxide, and organic acid organics such as lithium acetate, lithium oxalate, lithium tartrate, lithium malate, and lithium citrate. Lithium salts such as lithium salts can be used. In particular, lithium carbonate is preferable from the viewpoints of the setting acceleration effect, availability, and cost.

In the hydraulic composition, a fluidizing agent (a water reducing agent such as a high performance water reducing agent) can be used in order to ensure a suitable plastering workability.

  As a fluidizing agent, commercially available fluidizing agents such as lignin-based, melamine sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, casein, calcium caseinate, polyether-based, polyetherpolycarboxylic acid, etc., which have a water-reducing effect, are available. Any commercially available fluidizer such as polyether-based polycarboxylic acid, such as polyether-based, can be used.

  The fluidizing agent can be appropriately added within a range that does not impair the characteristics, depending on the hydraulic component to be used, and is preferably 0.1 to 2.0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the hydraulic component. Preferably 0.5 to 1.5 parts by mass, particularly preferably 0.7 to 1.2 parts by mass can be blended.

  Thickeners include hydroxyethyl methylcellulose, and other cellulose-based excluding hydroxyethylmethylcellulose, modified starches such as starch ether and guar gum, protein-based, latex-based, and water-soluble polymer-based thickeners are used in combination. Can be used.

  The addition amount of the thickener can be added within a range that does not impair the characteristics of the present invention, and is preferably 0.001 to 2 parts by mass, particularly 0.05 to 0. It is preferable to contain 8 parts by mass. When the addition amount of the thickening agent increases, the viscosity of the hydraulic mortar increases, and there is a possibility that the coating workability may be lowered.

  The combined use of a thickener and an antifoaming agent has a favorable effect on suppressing separation of aggregates such as hydraulic components and fine aggregates, suppression of bubble generation, and improvement of the surface of the cured body. It is preferable for improving the properties of the cured product.

  As the antifoaming agent, known materials such as silicone-based, alcohol-based, polyether-based synthetic materials, mineral oil-based materials, plant-derived natural materials, and the like can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The addition amount of the antifoaming agent can be added within a range that does not impair the characteristics of the present invention. When one type of antifoaming agent is used, preferably 0.001 to 3 parts relative to 100 parts by mass of the hydraulic component. It is preferable to contain 0.0 part by mass, particularly 0.02 to 1.0 part by mass. The addition amount of the antifoaming agent is preferably within the above range because a suitable antifoaming effect is recognized.

  In the case of constituting a hydraulic composition, particularly suitable component constitution is a hydraulic component comprising alumina cement, Portland cement and gypsum, fine aggregate comprising fine limestone sand, fine silica sand and talc, re-emulsifying resin powder, It contains organic lightweight aggregates, organic short fibers, pigments, setting modifiers, fluidizing agents, thickeners and antifoaming agents.

In the present invention, a hydraulic component, fine aggregate, re-emulsified resin powder, organic lightweight aggregate, organic short fiber, pigment, setting agent, fluidizer, thickener, antifoaming agent, etc. To obtain a premix powder of the hydraulic composition.

  The premix powder of the hydraulic composition can be mixed and stirred with a predetermined amount of water to produce a hydraulic mortar, and the mortar can be cured to obtain a cured body of the hydraulic composition. .

The hydraulic composition can be mixed and stirred with water to produce mortar. By adjusting the amount of water added, the mortar fluidity, pot life, paintability, hardened mortar The characteristics (brittleness, durability) and the like can be adjusted.
The hydraulic mortar used in the present invention has a mass ratio (W / S) of the hydraulic composition (S) and water (W) of preferably 0.20 to 0.30, and more preferably 0.22. It is preferable to mix and knead so as to be in the range of ˜0.29, particularly preferably in the range of 0.24 to 0.28.

The construction thickness of hydraulic mortar varies depending on the unevenness of the concrete base surface, etc., and can be set appropriately for each construction site, preferably construction based on the top surface of the most convex part of the concrete surface It is preferable to apply the trowel to a thickness in the range of 1 mm to 30 mm, more preferably in the range of 1.2 mm to 15 mm, and particularly preferably in the range of 1.5 mm to 5 mm.
In particular, the hydraulic composition of the present invention can stably obtain the most suitable glazing workability when the lacquering is performed within the above preferable range.

The hydraulic mortar used in the present invention has sufficient pot life (handling time) to ensure good workability.
The pot life of the hydraulic mortar is preferably 60 minutes from the preparation of the mortar, more preferably 90 minutes, and particularly preferably 120 minutes.

Although hydraulic mortar depends on the temperature and humidity conditions at the construction site, curing begins within a few hours after the completion of construction, and as the curing progresses, the surface hardness of the cured body increases and the surface of the cured body is contained. The amount of water decreases.
The shore hardness of the surface of the hardened mortar is determined by placing the mortar and finishing the surface of the mortar with a trowel.
Preferably, the shore hardness at 1 day of age is in the range of 3-10, more preferably, the shore hardness at 3 days of age is in the range of 15-45, more preferably, the shore hardness of 7 days of age is in the range of 20-45. Yes, particularly preferably, the Shore hardness at the age of 14 days is in the range of 25 to 45, and after the mortar construction (placement and trowel finishing) is finished, the curing gradually proceeds, and the hydraulic mortar of the present invention A concrete structure having a hardened body layer as a surface layer can be obtained.

The length change rate of the hydraulic mortar cured product is preferably a mortar cured product with a material age of 7 days, preferably ± 0 to −0.04%, more preferably ± 0 to −0.03%, particularly preferably ± 0. In a range of ~ -0.025%, a mortar hardened material with a material age of 28 days, preferably ± 0--0.05%,
More preferably ± 0 to −0.04%, particularly preferably ± 0 to −0.025%, and the hydraulic composition having the above-mentioned characteristics of the rate of change in length is the occurrence of cracks in the cured body itself. This is preferable because a high durability can be maintained with a concrete floor as a base, and a highly durable structure can be obtained. Further, if the range of the rate of change in length is out of the range, it is not preferable because cracks may occur due to curing shrinkage of the hydraulic mortar cured body.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on examples. However, the present invention is not limited by the following examples.

(Characteristic evaluation method)
1) Peeling workability:
The kneaded hydraulic mortar was taken on a iron plate and applied to a concrete wall surface to a thickness of 5 mm using a plastering iron.
In the above troweling process, iron feed (weight), iron elongation (coating area), three indicators, very good: ○, good (no problem for practical use): △, poor (practical problem) ): Evaluated as x.
2) Length change:
The length change of the cured hydraulic mortar was measured according to the contact gauge method of JIS A 1129-1.
3) Shore hardness of the cured body surface:
Measure the surface hardness of any 3 to 5 locations using a spring type hardness tester type D (manufactured by Ueshima Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) for the hardness of the hardened surface in a predetermined number of days after placing the hydraulic mortar. The average value of the readings of the spring type hardness tester type D gauge is defined as the surface hardness at that time.
4) Abrasion test:
The brittleness characteristics of the cured hydraulic mortar were determined by measuring the amount of wear and the depth of abrasion of the cured hydraulic mortar body at 14 days of age, in accordance with JIS K 7204 “Method for testing plastic wear using wear wheels”. The measurement conditions were as follows: rotation speed: 200 rpm, wear wheel: GC150H, load: 250 g.

(Materials used): The following materials were used for the hydraulic composition.
White alumina cement: Turnal white, manufactured by Kerneos, Blaine specific surface area of 4100 cm ² / g.
・ White Portland cement: Made by Taiheiyo Cement.
-Normal Portland cement: manufactured by Ube Mitsubishi Cement Co., Ltd., Blaine specific surface area of 3320 cm ² / g.
Gypsum: Type ^II anhydrous gypsum, manufactured by Central Glass Co., Ltd., Blaine specific surface area of 3460 cm ² / g.
-Fine limestone sand: Particle size = 0.3 to 1 mm, manufactured by Yusei Mining Co., Ltd.
-Fine silica sand: Particle size = 20-300 μm, No. 7 silica sand, manufactured by Ashiya Company.
-Talc: Particle size = 100 µm or less, manufactured by Nippon Taishi Co., Ltd.
・ Re-emulsified resin powder: Acrylic ester / methacrylic ester copolymer cationic type (re-emulsified resin powder with primary particles coated with water-soluble protective colloid of polyvinyl alcohol), manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd. LDM7100P.
Organic lightweight aggregate: Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer powder (EVA powder), particle size = 20 to 200 μm, bulk specific gravity = 0.21 kg / liter, manufactured by Kinsei Co., Ltd.
・ Organic short fibers: Polyester resin short fibers, manufactured by Kyoto Textile Materials Co., Ltd.
-Setting retarder a: L-sodium tartrate, manufactured by Fuso Chemical Industries.
-Setting retarder b: sodium bicarbonate, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation.
-Fluidizer: Polycarboxylic acid fluidizer, manufactured by Kao Corporation.
-Thickener: Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose-based thickener, Marporose MX-30000, manufactured by Matsumoto Yushi Co., Ltd.
-Antifoaming agent: Polyether type antifoaming agent, 77P, manufactured by San Nopco.
・ Pigment: Colored clay (Red porcelain clay), manufactured by Tomizawa Construction Materials.

(Preparation of mortar for hydraulic composition)
A hydraulic composition is prepared at a blending ratio shown in Table 1, a predetermined amount of water is blended with respect to 100 parts by mass of the hydraulic composition, and kneaded for 3 minutes using a hand mixer with a rotation speed of 1100 rpm. Mortar was prepared.

[Examples 1 to 5, Comparative Examples 1 and 2]
Regarding the hydraulic mortar prepared using the hydraulic composition containing the components shown in Table 1, the glazing workability was evaluated, and the cured mortar was subjected to shore hardness measurement, length change measurement, and wear test. . The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

(1) It includes a hydraulic component composed of alumina cement, Portland cement and gypsum and a fine aggregate composed of fine limestone, fine silica sand and talc, and a mass ratio of the hydraulic component to the fine aggregate (hydraulic component / fine In the case of Comparative Example 1 in which (aggregate) is 0.25, it exhibits extremely fast hardness, expresses a Shore hardness of more than 50 at a material age of 1 day, and the surface layer of the cured hydraulic mortar is dense and hard An organization was formed.
(2) It includes a hydraulic component made of alumina cement, Portland cement and gypsum and a fine aggregate made of fine limestone, fine silica sand and talc, and a mass ratio of the hydraulic component to the fine aggregate (hydraulic component / fine In the case of Example 1 and Examples 3 to 5 in which (aggregate) was 0.08, the length change showed a very small value of -0.04 at the maximum. Moreover, unlike the case of the comparative example 1, although the shore hardness of 1 day of age shows a small value with 5-6, and Shore hardness becomes high with progress of material age after that, it is the maximum to 14 days of material age. The value was 44 for Example 4 and 36 or less for Examples 1, 3, and 5.
(3) In the same manner as in Example 1, including the hydraulic component made of alumina cement, Portland cement and gypsum, and fine aggregate made of fine limestone, fine silica sand and talc, the mass of the hydraulic component and fine aggregate In the case of Example 2 in which the ratio of hydraulic component / fine aggregate is 0.25 and the hydraulic / hydraulic composition ratio is 26%, the smallest value of length change is Indicated. Further, regarding the development of the shore hardness, the shore hardness was more gradual than in the case of Example 1 and Examples 2 to 5, and the shore hardness value at 14 days of age was 27, which was a small value.

Cross section schematically showing the state of the surface layer of a mortar cured body produced in the course of long-term use of a hydraulic mortar cured body, a general mortar cured body and a porous mortar cured body using the hydraulic composition of the present invention FIG.

Claims (12)

A hydraulic composition comprising a hydraulic component made of alumina cement, Portland cement and gypsum and a fine aggregate, wherein the fine aggregate does not contain particles having a particle diameter exceeding 1 mm, and the hydraulic component and fine bone The hydraulic composition characterized by mass ratio (hydraulic component / fine aggregate) with a material being 0.06-0.12. 2. The hydraulic composition according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic component (100 mass%) is composed of 30 to 60 mass% alumina cement, 20 to 50 mass% Portland cement, and 10 to 40 mass% gypsum. The hydraulic composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydraulic component is made of white alumina cement, white Portland cement, and anhydrous gypsum. The fine aggregate (100% by mass) is composed of 5 to 25% by mass of fine limestone sand, 50 to 70% by mass of fine silica sand, and 20 to 40% by mass of talc. The hydraulic composition as described in 2. The hydraulic composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a re-emulsifying resin powder, an organic lightweight aggregate, and organic short fibers. . The re-emulsified resin powder is an acrylic copolymer in which the primary particle diameter of the resin powder is 0.2 to 0.8 μm, and the surface of the primary particle of the resin powder is coated with a water-soluble protective colloid of polyvinyl alcohol. The hydraulic composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the hydraulic composition is a re-emulsified resin powder. The hydraulic lightweight according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the organic lightweight aggregate is an ethylene vinyl acetate resin-based lightweight aggregate, and the organic short fiber is a polyester resin short fiber. Composition. The hydraulic composition further includes at least one component selected from a pigment, a setting modifier, a fluidizing agent, a thickener, and an antifoaming agent, according to any one of claims 1 to 7. The hydraulic composition as described. The hydraulic composition is kneaded on a wall of a building structure by kneading 100 parts by mass of the hydraulic composition and 20 to 30 parts by mass of water to prepare a hydraulic mortar. The hydraulic composition according to any one of 1 to 8. The hydraulic mortar cured body prepared by kneading the hydraulic composition and water has a rate of change in length of 7 days of material within a range of ± 0 to -0.04%, and a length of 28 days of material age. The hydraulic composition according to claim 1, wherein the rate of change is in the range of ± 0 to −0.05%. A hydraulic mortar obtained by kneading the hydraulic composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10 and water. The structure which has the hardening body layer of the hydraulic mortar obtained by knead | mixing the hydraulic composition and water of any one of Claims 1-10 in a surface layer.

Images