JP2009532377A - 高眼圧症の制御および緑内障の治療のためのプレニルトランスフェラーゼ阻害剤 - Google Patents
高眼圧症の制御および緑内障の治療のためのプレニルトランスフェラーゼ阻害剤 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
この出願は、米国特許法§119の下、2006年3月31日に出願された米国仮特許出願第60/787,971号(この全体の内容は、参考として本明細書に援用される)への優先権を主張する。
本発明は一般的に、高眼圧症および緑内障の治療に関し、より具体的には、高眼圧症および緑内障の治療のためのプレニルトランスフェラーゼ阻害剤に関する。
緑内障と称される病状は、視神経への不可逆的な損傷による、永久的な視覚機能の喪失を特徴とする。いくつかの形態学的または機能的に異なる種類の緑内障は、本疾患の病理学的過程に因果的に関すると考えられる、高い眼内圧(IOP)を典型的な特徴とする。高眼圧症とは、眼圧が上昇するものの、視覚機能の明らかな喪失は生じない病態のことであり、このような患者は、緑内障に関連する視力喪失を最終的に発症する危険性が高いと考えられる。緑内障または高眼圧症を早期に発見し、眼圧の上昇を効果的に低下させる薬剤で速やかに治療すると、視覚機能の喪失または視覚機能の進行性低下を一般的に改善することができる。また、緑内障により視野を喪失した患者の中には、比較的眼圧の低い患者もいる。これらの、いわゆる正常眼圧または低眼圧緑内障患者には、IOPを低下させるおよび/または制御する薬剤も有効である。
Dollら、Curr Opin Drug Discov Devel.,2004,Vol.7(4):478−486 Raoら、IOVS,2001,Vol.42:1029 Raoら、Exp Eye Res,2005,Vol.80:197−206 Celliniら、Ophth Res,2005,Vol.37:43−49 Kirwanら、Glia.,2005 Dec,Vol.52(4):309−24 Litonら、J Cell Physiol.,2005 Dec.,Vol.205(3):364−71 Essonら、Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.,2004 Feb.,Vol.45(2):485−91 Danielsら、Am J Pathol.,2003 Nov.,Vol.163(5):2043−52 Liangら、J Biol Chem.,2003 Jul 18,Vol.278(29):27267−77 Hoら、Br.J.Ophthalmol.,2005,Vol.89:169−173
いくつかの実施形態において、本発明は、高眼圧症および緑内障の治療のためのGGTaseおよびFTase阻害剤に関する。他の実施形態は、このようなGGTaseおよびFTase阻害化合物を投与することにより高眼圧症および緑内障を治療する方法を含む。本発明の実施形態によるGGTase/FTase阻害剤の投与によって、阻害剤は小柱網などの適切な標的組織に治療レベルで到達し、それによって緑内障によるさらなる眼損傷を軽減かつ予防できる場合がある。
本発明のGGTaseおよびFTase阻害化合物は、送達のために、様々な種類の眼科用製剤に組み入れることができる。本化合物は、当業者に周知の技法を使用して、直接眼に送達する場合もあれば(例えば、局所的な点眼または軟膏;結膜円蓋に移植されるか、または強膜の隣接部位もしくは眼の内部に移植される薬学的薬剤送達スポンジなどの徐放装置;眼周囲、結膜、テノン嚢下、腔内、硝子体内または視神経管内注射)、あるいは全身に送達する場合もある(例えば、経口、静脈内、皮下または筋内注射;非経口的、皮膚または鼻送達)。さらに、本発明のGGTaseおよびFTase阻害化合物は、眼内挿入物または植え込み型器具内で処方される場合があることも企図される。
in vitro生物活性アッセイ
特定の化合物のGGTaseおよびFTaseを阻害する能力は、特定の実施形態においては、Burkeら、PNAS,1999,Vol.96:23:13062−13067、およびGoossensら、J.Pharm.Biomed.Analy.,2005,Vol.37:417−422に記載のin vitroでのプレニルトランスフェラーゼアッセイなどのin vitroアッセイにより評価される場合がある。簡潔に述べると、Goossens法を使用して、いずれかの酵素のためのダンシル化された(dansylated)ペプチド基質とともにGGTaseおよびFTaseを含む実験用および対照用調製物が作製された。この実験用調製物に試験化合物を添加して、反応を進行させる。この反応の後、各ペプチドの蛍光反応を測定する。対照に比べて測定された蛍光の減少は、試験化合物についてのより大きな阻害活性を表す。
特定のGGTaseおよびFTase阻害化合物の各酵素を安全に阻害する能力は、特定の実施形態においては、ニュージーランドアルビノウサギおよび/またはカニクイザルを使用したin vivoアッセイにより評価される場合がある。
5羽のニュージーランドアルビノウサギの両眼に、ビヒクル中の試験化合物の1つの30μLアリコートを局所投与し、他の動物5羽にはビヒクルのみを投与する。これらの動物を、投与から0.5時間継続して監視した後、2時間まで0.5時間ごとに、または作用が認められなくなるまで継続して監視する。
0.1%のプロパラカインによる軽い角膜麻酔後に、Mentor Classic 30ニューマトノメーター(pneumatonometer)を使用して、眼内圧(IOP)を測定する。各測定後に、眼を1滴または2滴の生理食塩水ですすぐ。ベースラインにおけるIOPの測定後に、試験化合物の30μLアリコート1つを各動物の片眼または両眼に点眼するか、あるいは化合物を片眼に、ビヒクルを反対の眼に点眼する。その後、0.5、1、2、3、4および5時間後にIOPの測定を行う。
既述の通り(Sharifら、J.Ocular Pharmacol.Ther.,2001,Vol.17:305−317; Mayら、J.Pharmacol.Exp.Ther.,2003,Vol.306:301−309)、0.1%のプロパラカインによる軽い角膜麻酔後に、Alconのニューマトノメーターを使用して、眼内圧(IOP)を測定する。各測定後に、眼を1滴または2滴の生理食塩水ですすぐ。ベースラインにおけるIOPの測定後に、試験化合物の30μLアリコート1つ(300μg)または2つ(600μg)を、9匹のカニクイザルの選択された眼に点眼する。他の動物6匹の選択された眼にはビヒクルを点眼する。その後、1時間、3時間および6時間後にIOP測定を行う。すべての動物の右眼には、高眼圧症を誘発するために、レーザー線維柱帯形成術を行った。左眼はすべて正常であり、そのため正常のIOPを有している。
RNAの単離および定量的RT−PCR
全RNAを、製造元(Qiagen)の説明書に従い、Qiagen RNeasy 96システムを使用して、TM細胞から単離した。
TGFβ刺激されたCTGFおよびPAI−1遺伝子発現の阻害
本実施例では、培養したヒト小柱網細胞におけるCTGF遺伝子の発現に対するGGTaseおよびFTase阻害剤の効果を試験した。結果を図1および図2に要約する。本試験では、実施例1のプロトコルに従い、QRT−PCRによってCTGF/18S cDNAレベルを測定および比較した。
図4は、試験化合物による処置後に、培養培地への乳酸脱水素酵素(LDH)の放出を測定するCytoTox−ONE Homogenous Membrane Integrity Assay(Promega)を使用して、GGTI−2133およびFTI−277の細胞毒性作用を表すグラフを示している。いずれの化合物も、試験したすべての濃度において、ビヒクルのみの場合の測定値と似たLDH放出測定値を有していた。したがって、いずれの化合物も細胞毒性が比較的低いと考えられる。
Claims (15)
- 緑内障または高い眼内圧を治療する方法であって、少なくとも1つのプレニルトランスフェラーゼ阻害剤を含む薬学的有効量の組成物を投与することを含む、方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つのプレニルトランスフェラーゼ阻害剤が、ゲラニルゲラニルトランスフェラーゼ阻害剤またはファルネシルトランスフェラーゼ阻害剤である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記投与が、少なくとも1つのゲラニルゲラニルトランスフェラーゼ阻害剤および少なくとも1つのファルネシルトランスフェラーゼ阻害剤を含む組成物を投与することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、眼科的に許容される防腐剤、界面活性剤、増粘剤、浸透促進剤、ゲル化剤、疎水性基剤、ビヒクル、緩衝剤、塩化ナトリウム、および水からなる群から選択される化合物もさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物の一部、または別個の投与のいずれかとして、β遮断薬、プロスタグランジン類似体、炭酸脱水酵素阻害剤、α2作動薬、縮瞳薬、神経保護剤、およびこれらのいずれかの組み合わせからなる群から選択される化合物を投与することもさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、約0.01重量/体積パーセント〜約5重量/体積パーセントの前記少なくとも1つのプレニルトランスフェラーゼ阻害剤を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、約0.25重量/体積パーセント〜約2重量/体積パーセントの前記プレニルトランスフェラーゼ阻害剤を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 高い眼内圧および緑内障の治療のための組成物であって、薬学的有効量のプレニルトランスフェラーゼ阻害剤を含む、組成物。
- 前記プレニルトランスフェラーゼ阻害剤が、ゲラニルゲラニルトランスフェラーゼ阻害剤またはファルネシルトランスフェラーゼ阻害剤である、請求項8に記載の組成物。
- 眼科的に許容される防腐剤、界面活性剤、増粘剤、浸透促進剤、ゲル化剤、疎水性基剤、ビヒクル、緩衝剤、塩化ナトリウム、および水からなる群から選択される化合物もさらに含む、請求項8に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物が、約0.01重量/体積パーセント〜約5重量/体積パーセントの前記プレニルトランスフェラーゼ阻害剤を含む、請求項8に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物が、約0.25重量/体積パーセント〜約2重量/体積パーセントの前記プレニルトランスフェラーゼ阻害剤を含む、請求項8に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物が、β遮断薬、プロスタグランジン類似体、炭酸脱水酵素阻害剤、α2作動薬、縮瞳薬、神経保護剤、rhoキナーゼ阻害剤、およびこれらのいずれかの組み合わせからなる群から選択される化合物もさらに含む、請求項8に記載の組成物。
- 前記プレニルトランスフェラーゼ阻害剤が、GGTI−286、GGTI−287、GGTI−297、GGTI−298、GGTI−2133、GGTI−2147、FTI−276、FTI−277、FTI−2148、FTI−2153、R115777、これらの組み合わせ、およびこれらの薬学的に許容される塩からなる群から選択される、請求項8に記載の組成物。
- 緑内障または高い眼内圧を治療する方法であって、GGTI−286、GGTI−287、GGTI−297、GGTI−298、GGTI−2133、GGTI−2147、FTI−276、FTI−277、FTI−2148、FTI−2153、R115777、これらの組み合わせ、およびこれらの薬学的に許容される塩からなる群から選択される治療有効量の化合物を、ヒトまたはその他の哺乳動物に投与することを含む、方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US78797106P | 2006-03-31 | 2006-03-31 | |
| PCT/US2007/065334 WO2007118009A1 (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2007-03-28 | Prenyltransferase inhibitors for ocular hypertension control and the treatment of glaucoma |
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| JP2009532377A true JP2009532377A (ja) | 2009-09-10 |
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| US (3) | US20070232675A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2001457A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP2009532377A (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20080111092A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101410104A (ja) |
| AR (1) | AR060186A1 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2007234903B2 (ja) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0710122A2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2645171A1 (ja) |
| MX (1) | MX2008012662A (ja) |
| RU (1) | RU2008143219A (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW200806284A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2007118009A1 (ja) |
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| US11786463B2 (en) | 2017-08-27 | 2023-10-17 | Rhodes Technologies | Pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of ophthalmic conditions |
| WO2019076269A1 (zh) | 2017-10-16 | 2019-04-25 | 清华大学 | 甲羟戊酸通路抑制剂及其药物组合物 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA200807828B (en) | 2009-11-25 |
| KR20080111092A (ko) | 2008-12-22 |
| EP2001457A1 (en) | 2008-12-17 |
| AR060186A1 (es) | 2008-05-28 |
| WO2007118009A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 |
| CA2645171A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 |
| BRPI0710122A2 (pt) | 2011-08-02 |
| US20100120851A1 (en) | 2010-05-13 |
| MX2008012662A (es) | 2008-10-13 |
| TW200806284A (en) | 2008-02-01 |
| US20070232675A1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
| US20120108632A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
| AU2007234903A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 |
| RU2008143219A (ru) | 2010-05-10 |
| AU2007234903B2 (en) | 2012-03-01 |
| CN101410104A (zh) | 2009-04-15 |
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