JP2008178408A - ヒトpf4a受容体とその使用 - Google Patents
ヒトpf4a受容体とその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2008178408A JP2008178408A JP2008001642A JP2008001642A JP2008178408A JP 2008178408 A JP2008178408 A JP 2008178408A JP 2008001642 A JP2008001642 A JP 2008001642A JP 2008001642 A JP2008001642 A JP 2008001642A JP 2008178408 A JP2008178408 A JP 2008178408A
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- pf4ar
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Abstract
【解決手段】PF4ARの一種をコード化するcDNAをヒト組織中で同定し、診断薬として、あるいはPF4ARを組換え生産する際に、有用な3つのPF4AR(ヒトIL−8受容体を含む)の核酸配列を決定した。これらのPF4ARは、該受容体に結合することができる抗体の調製と精製において、並びに、診断的検定において、使用される。
【選択図】図1a
Description
一般に、この説明、実施例および請求の範囲で使用する下記の用語あるいは表現は以下に示す定義を有する。
2.天然のPF4ARおよび変種の調製
A.PF4ARをコード化するDNAの単離
PF4ARをコード化するDNAは、PF4ARmRNAを含有していると考えられる組織から調製されるcDNAライブラリー、一般的にはHL60またはPBLライブラリーから得ることができる。PF4AR遺伝子をゲノムライブラリーから得ることもできる。興味ある遺伝子またはそれによってコード化されているタンパク質を同定するために設計されたプローブを用いてライブラリーをスクリーニングする。出願人らはIL−8受容体と2つの相同的受容体について全cDNAを記述した。この受容体ファミリーをコード化する核酸は図2、4または5の受容体遺伝子配列に由来するオリゴヌクレオチド配列を有するプローブを用いてゲノムDNAまたは好中球cDNAライブラリーから低い厳密条件下で容易に得ることができる。これらのプローブは通常約500塩基またはそれ以上を含有するであろう。これらのプローブは3つの代表的DNAに完全にハイブリッド形成するであろうから、縮重配列を含有するプローブプールを使用する必要はない。図2、4または5の受容体を同定するための上記プローブによるスクリーニングを高い厳密条件下で行えば、より効率が高い。
PF4ARのアミノ酸配列変種は、PF4AR DNAに適当なヌクレオチド変化を導入するか、もしくは所望のPF4ARポリペプチドのインビトロ合成によって調製される。そのような変種には、例えばそれらの受容体について図2、4または5に示したアミノ酸配列内の残基からの欠失体、挿入体または置換体が含まれる。最終構築物が所望の特性を有する限り、最終構築物に到達するために欠失、挿入および置換のどあような組み合わせを行ってもよい。
(2)中性親水性:cys、ser、thr;
(3)酸性:asp、glu;
(4)塩基性:asn、gln、his、lys、arg;
(5)鎖の配向に影響を与える残基:gly、pro;
(6)芳香族:trp、tyr、phe。
天然のPF4ARまたは変種PF4ARをコード化するcDNAまたはゲノムDNAを、さらなるクローニングのため(DNAの増幅)、あるいは発現のために、複製可能なベクター中に挿入する。多くのベクターを利用することができ、適当なベクターの選択は、(1)それをDNA増幅に使用するのか、それともDNA発現に使用するのかということ、(2)ベクター中に挿入されるべきDNAの大きさ、および(3)そのベクターによって形質転換される宿主細胞、に依存するであろう。各ベクターはその機能(DNAの増幅またはDNAの発現)とそれが適合する宿主細胞に応じて様々な成分を含有する。ベクター成分には一般に下記成分の1またはそれ以上が含まれるが、それらに限定されない:シグナル配列、複製起点、1またはそれ以上の標識遺伝子、エンハンサー要素、プロモーターおよび転写終止配列。
一般にシグナル配列はベクターの一成分であるか、もしくはベクター中に挿入されるPF4AR DNAの一部であり得る。天然のプロPF4AR DNAは、出願人らの組換え細胞においてその細胞表面に向けられるが、それは従来のシグナルを含有しておらず、PF4ARの膜挿入中に、そのポリペプチドの翻訳後プロセシングの間に切断されるN−末端ポリペプチドはない。
発現ベクターとクローニングベクターは共に、1またはそれ以上の選択された宿主細胞中でそのベクターが複製することを可能にする核酸配列を含有する。一般にクローニングベクターでは、この配列は、ベクターが宿主染色体DNAとは独立して複製することを可能にする配列であり、複製起点または自律的複製醍列を含む。このような配列は様々な細菌、酵母およびウイルスについてよく知られている。プラスミドpBR322から得られる複製起点はほとんどのグラム陰性菌に適しており、2μプラスミド起点は酵母に適しており、様々なウイルス起点(SV40、ポリオーマ、アデノウイルス、VSVまたはBPV)は哺乳類細胞中でのクローニングベクターに有用である。一般的に複製起点成分は哺乳類発現べクターには必要でない(SV40起点は典型的に使用され得るが、これは単にそれが初期プロモーターを含有しているからに過ぎない)。
発現ベクターとクローニングベクターは選択可能標識とも呼ばれる選択遺伝子を含有すべきである。この遺伝子は形質転換された宿主細胞の選択培養培地中での成長または生存にとって必要なタンパク質をコード化する。選択遺伝子を含有するベクターで形質転換されなかった宿主細胞は上記培養培地中で生存できないであろう。代表的な選択遺伝子は、(a)抗生物質または他の毒素(例:アンピシリン、ネオマイシン、メトトレキセートまたはテトラサイクリン)に対する耐性を付与するタンパク質、(b)栄養要求性の欠損を補足するタンパク質、または(c)複合培地から利用することができない必須の栄養素を供給するタンパク質(例:バチルスにとってD−アラニンラセマーゼをコード化する遺伝子)をコード化する。
発現ベクターは通常、宿主生物によって認識されるプロモーターを含有しており、それがPF4AR核酸に機能可能に連結している。プロモーターは構造遺伝子の開始コドンの上流(5’側)(一般的には約100〜1000bp内)に位置する翻訳されない配列であり、この配列は、それが機能的に連結している特定の核酸配列(PF4ARなど)の転写と翻訳を制御する。そのようなプロモーターは典型的には2つの種類、即ち、誘導性と構成性に分類される。誘導性のプロモーターは培養条件の何らかの変化(例:栄養素の存在または不在あるいは温度の変化)に応答してその制御下にあるDNAからの増大したレベルの転写を開始させるプロモーターである。現在では様々な潜在的宿主細胞によって認識される多数のプロモーターがよく知られている。これらのプロモーターは、制限酵素消化によって供給源DNAからそのプロモーターを取り出し、単離されたプロモーター配列をベクター中に挿入することによって、PF4ARをコード化するDNAに機能可能に連結される。天然のPF4ARプロモーター配列と多くの異種プロモーターは共に、PF4ARDNAの増幅および/または発現を管理するために使用することができる。しかし異種プロモーターは一般に天然のPF4ARプロモーターと比較してより高い転写と発現されるPF4ARのより高い収率を可能にするので、異種プロモーターが好ましい。
本発明のPF4ARをコード化するDNAの高等真核生物による転写はそのベクター中にエンハンサー配列を挿入することによってしばしば増大する。エンハンサーは通常10〜300bpのシス作用性のDNA要素であって、プロモーターに作用してその転写を増大させる。エンハンサーは配向と位置には比較的非依存性であり、転写単位の5’側(ライミンスら,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,78:993〔1981])および3’側(ラスキーら,Mol.CellBio.,3:1108[1983])、イントロン内(バネルジら,Cell,33:729[1983])、並びに、コード配列自体の中(オスボーンら,Mol.Cell.Bio.,4:1293[1984])に認められている。現在では哺乳類遺伝子(グロビン、エラスターゼ、アルブミン、α−フェトプロテインおよびインスリン)から多くのエンハンサー配列が知られている。しかし典型的には、真核細胞ウイルスから得られるエンハンサーを使用するであろう。その例には、複製起点の後期側(100〜270bp)のSV40エンハンサー、サイトメガロウイルス初期プロモーターエンハンサー、複製起点の後期側のポリオーマエンハンサーおよびアデノウイルスエンハンサーが含まれる。真核プロモーターの活性化のための増進要素についてはヤニブ,Nature,297:17−18(1982)をも参照のこと。PF4AR DNAに対して5’側または3’側の位置でベクターにエンハンサーを接合することができるが、プロモーターの5’側に位置させることが好ましい。
真核宿主細胞(酵母、カビ、昆虫、植物、動物、ヒトまたは他の多細胞生物から得られる有核細胞)中で使用される発現ベクターは転写の停止とその安定性にとって必要な配列をも含有するであろう。そのような配列は一般に真核またはウイルスDNAもしくはcDNAの5’非翻訳領域と、時には3’非翻訳領域から入手することができる。これらの領域は、PF4ARをコード化するmRNAの非翻訳部分にポリアデニル化された断片として転写されるヌクレオチドセグメントを含有する。3’非翻訳領域は転写終止部位をも含む。
本発明においてベクターをクローン化または発現させるのに適した宿主細胞は上述の原核生物、酵母または高等真核細胞である。好適な原核生物にはグラム陰性生物やグラム陽性生物などの真正細菌(例えば大腸菌、枯草菌などのバチルス、緑膿菌などのシュードモナス、ネズミチフス菌またはセラチア・マルセサンス)が含まれる。大腸菌B、大腸菌x1776(ATCC31537)および大腸菌W3110(ATCC27325)などの他の株も好適ではあるが、好ましい大腸菌クローニング宿主の一つは大腸菌249(ATCC31446)である。これらの例は限定的なものではなく単なる例示である。好ましくは宿主細胞が最小量のタンパク質加水分解酵素を分泌すべきである。別法として、インビトロ・クローニング法(例:PCRまたは他の核酸ポリメラーゼ反応)も好適である。
本発明のPF4ARポリペプチドを生産するために使用する原核細胞を、サムブルックら(上記)に一般的に記述されているような適当な培地中で培養する。本発明のPF4ARを生産するために使用する哺乳類宿主細胞は様々な培地中で培養することができる。ハムF10(シグマ)、最小必須培地([MEM],シグマ)、RPMI−1640(シグマ)およびダルベッコ変法イーグル培地([DMEM],シグマ)などの市販の培地は上記宿主細胞の培養に適している。さらに、ハムおよびワラス,Meth.Enz.,58:44(1979)、バーンズおよびサトー,Anal.Biochem.,102:255(1980)、米国4767704、4657866、7927762または4560655、WO90/03430、WO87/00195または米国特許Re.30985に記述されている培地はいずれも上記宿主細胞のための培養培地として使用できる。これらの培地には必要に応じてホルモンおよび/または他の成長因子(インスリン、トランスフェリンまたは表皮成長因子など)、塩類(塩化ナトリウム、カルシウム、マグネシウム、リン酸塩など)、緩衝剤(HEPESなど)、ヌクレオシド(アデノシンやチミジンなど)、抗生物質(ジェンタマイシン(GentamycinTM)薬物など)、微量元素(通常はμM範囲の最終濃度で存在する無機化合物と定義される)およびグルコースや等価なエネルギー源を補足することができる。また他の必要な補足物はいずれも当業者が知っているであろう適当な(濃度で加えることができる。温度、pHなどの培養条件は、発現のために選択した宿主細胞について過去に用いられた条件であり、当業者には明白であろう。
試料中の遺伝子の増幅および/または発現は、例えば従来のサザンブロッティング、mRNAの転写を定量するためのノーザンブロッティング(トーマス,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,77:5201−5205[1980])、ドットブロッティング(DNA分析)、あるいは原位置ハイブリッド形成などによって、本明細書に開示する配列に基づき、適切に標識されたプローブを用いることによって直接測定することができる。様々な標識を使用することができるが、最も一般的なものは放射性同位体、とりわけ32Pである。しかし、ポリヌクレオチド中へ導入するためにビオチン修飾核酸を使用することなど、他の技術を使用することもできる。次いでこのビオチンはアビジンまたは抗体に対する結合の部位として機能し、このアビジンや抗体は例えば放射性核種、蛍光剤、酵素などの様々な標識で標識することができる。別法として、DNA二本鎖、RNA二本鎖およびDNA−RNAハイブリッドニ本鎖またはDNA−タンパク質二本鎖を含む特定の二本鎖を認識することができる抗体を使用してもよい。次いでこの抗体を標識することができ、上記二本鎖が表面に結合して、表面上での二本鎖の形成時にその二本鎖に結合している抗体の存在が検出できるような検定法を行うことができる。
PF4ARは界面活性剤中で細胞膜を可溶化することによって細胞培養から回収される。
ヒトPF4ARがヒト起源の細胞以外の組換え細胞中で発現される場合、そのPF4ARはヒト起源のタンパク質またはポリペプチドを全く含有しない。しかし、PF4ARに関して実質上均一な調製物を得るためには、組換え細胞タンパク質またはポリペプチドからPF4ARを精製する必要がある。第1段階として、細胞を遠心分離することによってそれらを培養培地から分離する。次に膜画分と,可溶性タンパク質画分を分離する。次に、界面活性剤による可溶化と、それに続く適当な精製法(免疫アフィニティーカラムまたはイオン交換カラムにおける分画、エタノール沈殿、逆相HPLC、シリカまたはカチオン交換樹脂(DEAEなど)でのクロマトグラフィー、クロマトフォーカシング、SDS−PAGE、硫酸アンモニウム沈殿、例えばセファデックスG−75を用いるゲル濾過、基板上に固定された適当なPF4Aを用いる配位子アフィニティーおよび疎水性アフィニティー樹脂)によって培養溶解液の膜画分からPF4ARを精製することができる。
PF4ARポリペプチドの共有結合修飾は本発明の範囲に包含される。天然のPF4ARとPF4ARのアミノ酸配列変種の両方を共有結合的に修飾することができる。PF4AR、その断片またはそれに対する抗体の共有結合的修飾は、PF4AR、その断片またはPF4AR抗体の標的アミノ酸残基を、選択した側鎖もしくはN−末端またはC−末端残基と反応することができる有機誘導体化試薬と反応させることによって、その分子中に導入される。最も一般的には、PF4ARまたはその抗体を診断で使用する検出可能な基(例:酵素、放射性同位体、抗原、蛍光または化学発光基など)に共有結合させる。
PF4AR(PF4AR結合断片を含む)またはそれに対する抗体の医薬製剤は、所望の純度を有するPF4ARを随意の生理学的に許容される担体、賦形剤または安定化剤(Remington’s Pharmaceutical Science(上記))と混合することによって、凍結乾燥ケーキか水性溶液の形態で保存のために調製される。許容される担体、賦形剤または安定化剤は使用される投与量および濃度で受容者に対して非毒性であり、リン酸塩、クエン酸塩および他の有機酸などの緩衝剤、アスコルビン酸を含む抗酸化剤、低分子量(約10残基未満)のポリペプチド、血清アルプミン、ゼラチンまたは免疫グロブリンなどのタンパク質、ポリビニルピロリドンなどの親水性ポリマー、グリシン、グルタミン、アスパラギン、アルギニンまたはリジンなどのアミノ酸、グルコース、マンノースまたはデキストリンを含む単糖類、二糖類および他の炭水化物、EDTAなどのキレート剤、マンニトールやソルビトールなどの糖アルコール、ナトリウムなどの塩形成対イオンおよび/またはツゥイーン、プルロニクスまたはポリエチレングリコール(PEG)などの非イオン性界面活性剤が含まれる。
一般にPF4ARとアジュバントの複数回の皮下(sc)または腹腔内(ip)注射によって、PF4ARに対するポリクローナル抗体を動物中に生じさせる。PF4ARで形質転換した組換え細胞(例:huPF4ARによって形質転換されたマウスまたはCHO細胞)による免疫化は満足できる結果を与え得る。あるしいはPF4ARを分離し、または標的アミノ酸配列を含有する断片を、二官能性試薬または誘導体化試薬(例えばマレイミドベンゾイルスルホスクシンイミドエステル(システイン残基による結合)、N−ヒドロキシスクシンイミド(リジン残基による)、グルタルアルデヒド、コハク酸無水物、SOCl2またはR1N=C=NR(ここにRおよびR1は異なるアルキル基を表す))を用いて、免疫化する種の中で免疫原性であるタンパク質(例:キーホール・リムペット・ヘモシアニン、血清アルブミン、牛チログロブリンまたは大豆トリプシン阻害因子)に結合させることも有用である。
PF4ARをコード化する核酸を、組織特異的分類のための診断剤として使用することができる。例えば原位置ハイブリッド形成やノーザンブロッティングおよびサザンブロッティング並びにPCR分析などの手法を用いることによって、評価される細胞型(単数または複数)中にPF4ARをコード化するDNAおよび/またはRNAが存在するか否かを決定することができる。これらの受容体は典型的にはPBLまたは単球細胞の診断剤である。
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Claims (22)
- 配列番号1、配列番号2または配列番号3に記載の翻訳されたアミノ酸配列を有する単離されたポリペプチドまたは、配列番号1、配列番号2または配列番号3に記載の翻訳されたアミノ酸配列において1もしくは数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換もしくは付加されたアミノ酸配列を有し、かつ配列番号1、配列番号2または配列番号3に記載の翻訳されたアミノ酸配列を有する単離されたポリペプチドと同様の血小板因子4スーパーファミリーレセプター(PF4AR)活性を有するポリペプチド。
- PF4ARポリペプチドをコード化する核酸が配列番号2または配列番号3に記載のポリペプチドをコード化する核酸の相補鎖と高い厳密条件下でハイブリッド形成する単離されたPF4ARポリペプチド。
- 配列番号2または配列番号3に記載のPF4ARポリペプチドと特異的に結合可能なモノクローナル抗体が認識するエピトープを含む、配列番号2または配列番号3に記載のPF4ARポリペプチドの断片。
- エピトープが、配列番号2に記載のPF4ARポリペプチドのアミノ酸領域1〜48または配列番号3に記載のPF4ARポリペプチドのアミノ酸領域1〜48に含まれる、請求項3に記載の断片。
- 配列番号2に記載のポリペプチドを含む請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のPF4ARポリペプチドまたはその断片。
- 配列番号1に記載のポリペプチドを含む請求項1に記載のPF4ARポリペプチド。
- PF4ARポリペプチドとは異種のポリペプチドと融合している請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載のPF4ARポリペプチドまたはその断片を含む単離されたポリペプチド。
- f−Met−Leu−Pheとは結合または反応せずにIL−8と結合する請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載のPF4ARポリペプチドまたはその断片。
- ヒト由来である請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載のPF4ARポリペプチドまたはその断片。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載のPF4ARポリペプチドまたはその断片をコード化する核酸配列を含む単離された核酸分子。
- DNAであり、配列番号1、配列番号2または配列番号3に示される翻訳されたDNA配列を有する請求項10に記載の核酸分子。
- PF4ARポリペプチドまたはその断片をコード化する核酸配列と機能可能に連結されたプロモーターをさらに含む、請求項10または請求項11に記載の核酸分子。
- 形質転換される宿主細胞によって認識される制御配列と機能可能に連結された請求項10〜12のいずれかに記載の核酸配列を含む発現ベクター。
- 請求項13に記載のベクターで形質転換された宿主細胞。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載のPF4ARポリペプチドまたはその断片の製造方法であって、形質転換する宿主細胞によって認識される制御配列と機能可能に連結されたPF4ARポリペプチドまたはその断片をコード化する核酸配列を含むベクターで形質転換した培養宿主細胞において該ポリペプチドまたはその断片をコード化する核酸配列を含む核酸分子を発現させ、それによりPF4ARポリペプチドまたはその断片を生産させ、この宿主細胞からPF4ARポリペプチドまたはその断片を回収することを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載のPF4ARポリペプチドまたはその断片を宿主細胞膜から回収する請求項15に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載のPF4ARポリペプチドまたはその断片と特異的に結合可能なモノクローナル抗体。
- 配列番号1、配列番号2または配列番号3に記載のPF4ARポリペプチドと特異的に結合可能なモノクローナル抗体。
- 配列番号1に記載のPF4ARポリペプチドのアミノ酸領域1〜39、配列番号2に記載のPF4ARポリペプチドのアミノ酸領域1〜48、または配列番号3に記載のPF4ARポリペプチドのアミノ酸領域1〜48と特異的に結合可能な請求項18に記載のモノクローナル抗体。
- 配列番号2に記載のPF4ARポリペプチドと特異的に結合可能な請求項18または19に記載のモノクローナル抗体。
- 請求項17〜20のいずれかに記載のモノクローナル抗体および製薬的に許容される担体を含む、特定の細胞または組織におけるPF4AR発現を診断するための組成物。
- 治療または診断に使用する請求項17〜20のいずれかに記載のモノクローナル抗体。
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-
1992
- 1992-03-23 CA CA002407304A patent/CA2407304A1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-03-23 JP JP51060892A patent/JP4156662B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-03-23 DE DE69231223T patent/DE69231223T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-03-23 DK DK92910478T patent/DK0577752T4/da active
- 1992-03-23 ES ES92910478T patent/ES2149772T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-03-23 EP EP92910478A patent/EP0577752B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-03-23 AT AT92910478T patent/ATE194385T1/de active
- 1992-03-23 CA CA002105998A patent/CA2105998C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-03-23 WO PCT/US1992/002317 patent/WO1992017497A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2000
- 2000-09-29 GR GR20000402218T patent/GR3034528T3/el unknown
-
2008
- 2008-01-08 JP JP2008001642A patent/JP2008178408A/ja not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-09-28 JP JP2009223146A patent/JP2010029201A/ja not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK0577752T3 (da) | 2000-10-16 |
| DE69231223T2 (de) | 2001-03-08 |
| JPH06506697A (ja) | 1994-07-28 |
| DE69231223D1 (de) | 2000-08-10 |
| CA2105998C (en) | 2003-05-13 |
| ES2149772T3 (es) | 2000-11-16 |
| DE69231223T3 (de) | 2008-01-17 |
| WO1992017497A1 (en) | 1992-10-15 |
| CA2105998A1 (en) | 1992-09-30 |
| GR3034528T3 (en) | 2000-12-29 |
| ES2149772T5 (es) | 2008-02-16 |
| EP0577752B1 (en) | 2000-07-05 |
| JP4156662B2 (ja) | 2008-09-24 |
| CA2407304A1 (en) | 1992-10-15 |
| ATE194385T1 (de) | 2000-07-15 |
| EP0577752B2 (en) | 2007-07-11 |
| DK0577752T4 (da) | 2007-10-22 |
| EP0577752A1 (en) | 1994-01-12 |
| JP2010029201A (ja) | 2010-02-12 |
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