JP2008147122A - 色素増感型光電変換素子及び色素増感型太陽電池 - Google Patents
色素増感型光電変換素子及び色素増感型太陽電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2008147122A JP2008147122A JP2006335640A JP2006335640A JP2008147122A JP 2008147122 A JP2008147122 A JP 2008147122A JP 2006335640 A JP2006335640 A JP 2006335640A JP 2006335640 A JP2006335640 A JP 2006335640A JP 2008147122 A JP2008147122 A JP 2008147122A
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Abstract
Description
2.前記一般式(1)で表される化合物が、少なくとも2個のカルボキシル基を有することを特徴とする前記1に記載の色素増感型光電変換素子。
本発明に係る一般式(1)で表される化合物について説明する。
本発明において、電子吸引性基とは、下記のハメットのσp値が正の値を示す置換基のことであり、そのような置換基は、水素原子と比べて結合原子側から電子を吸引しやすい特性を有する。また、ハメットのσp値については、例えば下記文献等が参照できる。
本発明に係るハメットのσp値とは、ハメットの置換基定数σpを指す。ハメットのσpの値は、Hammett等によって安息香酸エチルの加水分解に及ぼす置換基の電子的効果から求められた置換基定数であり、「薬物の構造活性相関」(南江堂:1979年)、「Substituent Constants for Correlation Analysis in chemistry and biology」(C.Hansch and A.Leo,John Wiley&Sons,New York,1979年)等に記載の基を引用することができる。
一般式(a)が有する酸性基、一般式(b)のYで表される酸性基としては、カルボキシ基、スルホ基、スルフィニル基、ホスホリル基、ホスフィニル基、ホスホノ基等が挙げられる。
2N,N′−ジフェニル−N,N′−ビス(p−メチルフェニル)ベンジジン54.7g(0.1モル)を塩化メチレン250mlに溶解し、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド31mlを加え、氷冷下5℃でオキシ塩化リン20mlを滴下した。次いで、室温で2時間撹拌した後、約40℃で還流し、放冷後、塩化メチレン200mlで希釈し、炭酸カリウム水溶液で中和した。中和液の有機相を分取し、無水硫酸ナトリウムを加えて乾燥した後、減圧濃縮し、得られた残査をカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して、ホルミル化された下記中間体38gを得た。
N,N′−ジフェニル−N,N′−ビス(p−トリル)−3,3′−ジメチルベンジジン55g(0.1モル)を塩化メチレン200mlに溶解し、15℃以下で臭素33.6を溶解させた塩化メチレン60mlを滴下した。室温にて5時間撹拌した後、溶媒を減圧下にて留去した。残渣をメタノール200mlと水200mlにて結晶化させ、析出した白色結晶をろ過し、アセトニトリル200mlより再結晶した(61.6g)。
下記合成スキームに従い、中間体(ベンジジン化合物)を得た。これををカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製した(収率66%)。
次に本発明の光電変換素子について説明する。
光電極に用いられる半導体としては、金属化合物半導体が好ましい。金属化合物半導体としては、シリコン、ゲルマニウムのような単体、周期表(元素周期表ともいう)の第3〜第5族、第13〜第15族系の元素を有する化合物、金属のカルコゲニド(例えば、酸化物、硫化物、セレン化物等)、金属窒化物等を使用することができる。
本発明の光電変換素子や本発明の太陽電池に用いられる導電性支持体には、金属板のような導電性材料や、ガラス板やプラスチックフイルムのような非導電性材料に導電性物質を設けた構造のものを用いることができる。導電性支持体に用いられる材料の例としては金属(例えば白金、金、銀、銅、アルミニウム、ロジウム、インジウム)あるいは導電性金属酸化物(例えばインジウム−スズ複合酸化物、酸化スズにフッ素をドープしたもの)や炭素を挙げることができる。導電性支持体の厚さは特に制約されないが、0.3〜5mmが好ましい。
本発明に係る、半導体に色素を含ませてなる電極(光電極)の作製方法について説明する。
まず、金属化合物半導体の微粉末を含む塗布液を調製する。この半導体微粉末はその1次粒子径が微細な程好ましく、その1次粒子径は1〜5000nmが好ましく、さらに好ましくは2〜50nmである。半導体微粉末を含む塗布液は、半導体微粉末を溶媒中に分散させることによって調製することができる。溶媒中に分散された半導体微粉末は、その1次粒子状で分散する。溶媒としては半導体微粉末を分散し得るものであればよく、特に制約されない。
上記のようにして得られた半導体微粉末含有塗布液を、導電性支持体上に塗布または吹きつけ、乾燥等を行った後、空気中または不活性ガス中で焼成して、導電性支持体上に半導体層(半導体膜)が形成される。
金属化合物半導体の増感処理は、前述のように本発明の増感色素を適切な溶媒に溶解し、その溶液に前記半導体を焼成した基板を浸漬することによって行われる。その際には半導体層(半導体膜ともいう)を焼成により形成させた基板を、予め減圧処理したり加熱処理したりして膜中の気泡を除去し、本発明の増感色素が半導体層(半導体膜)内部深くに進入できるようにしておくことが好ましく、半導体層(半導体膜)が多孔質構造膜である場合には特に好ましい。
金属化合物半導体を焼成した基板を本発明の増感色素を含む溶液に浸漬する時間は、半導体層(半導体膜)に前記化合物が深く進入して吸着等を充分に進行させ、半導体を十分に増感させ、かつ溶液中での前記化合物の分解等により生成して分解物が化合物の吸着を妨害することを抑制する観点から、25℃条件下では3〜48時間が好ましく、さらに好ましくは4〜24時間である。この効果は、特に半導体膜が多孔質構造膜である場合において顕著である。ただし、浸漬時間については25℃条件での値であり、温度条件を変化させて場合には、上記の限りではない。
本発明に係る電解質層について説明する。
本発明に用いられる対向電極について説明する。
本発明の色素増感型太陽電池について説明する。
(光電変換素子SC−1の作製)
市販の酸化チタンペースト(粒径18nm)をフッ素ドープ酸化スズ(FTO)導電性ガラス基板へドクターブレード法により塗布した。60℃で10分間加熱してペーストを乾燥させた後、500℃で30分間焼成を行い、厚さ5μmの酸化チタン薄膜を得た。
光電変換素子SC−1の作製において、例示化合物D−1を例示化合物D−2〜D−6に変更した以外は同様にして、それぞれ光電変換素子SC−2〜SC−6を得た。
光電変換素子SC−1の作製において、例示化合物D−1を下記R−1及びR−2に変更した以外は同様にして、それぞれ光電変換素子SC−R1及びSC−R2を得た。
得られた光電変換素子について、ソーラーシミュレータ(ワコム電創株式会社製、商品名;「WXS−85−H型」)を用い、AMフィルター(AM−1.5)を通したキセノンランプから100mW/cm2の疑似太陽光を照射することにより、変換効率を以下の手順で求めた。
ここで、Pは入射光強度(mW/cm-2)、Vocは開放電圧(V)、Jscは短絡電流密度(mA・cm-2)、F.F.は形状因子を示す。
2、7 透明導電膜
3 金属化合物半導体
4 増感色素
5 電解質
8 白金
Claims (3)
- 二つの対向する電極間に、少なくとも半導体層及び電解質層が設けられている色素増感型光電変換素子において、該半導体層が下記一般式(1)で表される化合物を含有することを特徴とする色素増感型光電変換素子。
(式中、Ar1〜Ar4は同一または異なってもよいアリーレン基を表し、置換基を有してもよい。Ar5、Ar6は同一または異なってもよいアリール基を表し、置換基を有してもよい。B1、B2は、下記一般式(a)または一般式(b)で表される基を表す。p、qは0〜4の整数を表し、m、nは、0〜2の整数を表すが、m、nが共に0となることはない。)
(式中、Zは、少なくとも一つ以上の酸性基を有する、Cと共に5員環または6員環またはアルキレン鎖、アルキル鎖により連結された置換基を表す。Xは電子吸引性基を有するメチン鎖、または電子吸引性基を有する5員環または6員環を表し、Yはアルキレン鎖により連結されていてもよい酸性基を表す。) - 前記一般式(1)で表される化合物が、少なくとも2個のカルボキシル基を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の色素増感型光電変換素子。
- 請求項1または2に記載の色素増感型光電変換素子を備えたことを特徴とする色素増感型太陽電池。
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| CN101891399A (zh) * | 2010-08-03 | 2010-11-24 | 东莞南玻太阳能玻璃有限公司 | 镀膜浆料的制备方法以及用其制造太阳能电池封装玻璃的方法 |
| CN103525116A (zh) * | 2009-12-30 | 2014-01-22 | 株式会社东进世美肯 | 新的有机染料及其制造方法 |
| JP2020155539A (ja) * | 2019-03-19 | 2020-09-24 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
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| WO2006028087A1 (ja) * | 2004-09-08 | 2006-03-16 | Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha | 色素増感光電変換素子 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103525116A (zh) * | 2009-12-30 | 2014-01-22 | 株式会社东进世美肯 | 新的有机染料及其制造方法 |
| CN101891399A (zh) * | 2010-08-03 | 2010-11-24 | 东莞南玻太阳能玻璃有限公司 | 镀膜浆料的制备方法以及用其制造太阳能电池封装玻璃的方法 |
| JP2020155539A (ja) * | 2019-03-19 | 2020-09-24 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
| JP7159932B2 (ja) | 2019-03-19 | 2022-10-25 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
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