JP2006036814A - Solidified fuel and its manufacturing process - Google Patents
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- JP2006036814A JP2006036814A JP2004214626A JP2004214626A JP2006036814A JP 2006036814 A JP2006036814 A JP 2006036814A JP 2004214626 A JP2004214626 A JP 2004214626A JP 2004214626 A JP2004214626 A JP 2004214626A JP 2006036814 A JP2006036814 A JP 2006036814A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004299 exfoliation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、固化燃料及びその製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a solidified fuel and a method for producing the same.
ＡＳＲ（カーシュレッダーダスト）や、各種形式の炉から排出される残渣等の最終埋め立て材は、管理型最終処分場等に埋め立て処理されている。この最終埋め立て材（ＡＳＲや残渣）中には、塩化ビニル等のダイオキシン発生原因と考えられている物質や、重金属が含まれており、単純には焼却処理や埋め立て処理等を行うことができないからである。 Final landfill materials such as ASR (car shredder dust) and residues discharged from various types of furnaces are landfilled in a managed final disposal site or the like. This final landfill material (ASR and residue) contains substances that are considered to cause dioxin generation such as vinyl chloride and heavy metals, and simply cannot be incinerated or landfilled. It is.
ところが、上記のような埋め立て処分が頻繁に行われて、埋め立て可能な最終処分場が国内では著しく少なくなりつつある。このため、最終埋め立て材の発生量を抑制すること、特に、上記残渣発生量を抑制することが求められている。 However, landfill disposal as described above is frequently performed, and the number of final disposal sites that can be landfilled is becoming extremely small in Japan. For this reason, it is calculated | required to suppress the generation amount of a final landfill material, especially to suppress the said residue generation amount.
本発明は、上記に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的は、各種の炉で得られる生成物を有効に利用することにより、最終埋め立て材の減量化を図ることにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object thereof is to reduce the amount of final landfill material by effectively using products obtained in various furnaces.
本発明は、自動車破砕物から鉄及び非鉄金属を回収した後の第１の残渣と、熱分解ガス化溶融炉における熱分解ガス化炉部で得られる炭化物を含む第２の残渣とを、減容固化することにより、固化燃料を得ることを特徴とする、固化燃料製造方法として提供される。 The present invention reduces the first residue after recovering ferrous and non-ferrous metals from automobile crushed material, and the second residue containing carbide obtained in the pyrolysis gasification furnace in the pyrolysis gasification melting furnace. The solidified fuel production method is characterized in that the solidified fuel is obtained by solidifying.
また、本発明は、自動車破砕物から鉄及び非鉄金属を回収した後の第１の残渣と、熱分解ガス化溶融炉における熱分解ガス化炉部で得られる炭化物を含む第２の残渣とを、減容固化したことを特徴とする、固化燃料として提供される。 Further, the present invention provides a first residue after recovering iron and non-ferrous metal from automobile crushed material, and a second residue containing carbide obtained in a pyrolysis gasification furnace in a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace. It is provided as a solidified fuel, characterized by having a reduced volume and solidified.
さらに、本発明は、自動車破砕物から鉄及び非鉄金属を回収した後の第１の残渣と、高炉又は電気炉等の各種の炉からの残渣物から得られる炭化物とを、減容固化することにより、固化燃料を得ることを特徴とする、固化燃料製造方法として提供される。 Furthermore, the present invention reduces and solidifies the first residue after recovering iron and non-ferrous metal from automobile crushed material and the carbide obtained from residues from various furnaces such as a blast furnace or an electric furnace. Thus, a solidified fuel production method characterized by obtaining a solidified fuel is provided.
さらに、本発明は、自動車破砕物から鉄及び非鉄金属を回収した後の第１の残渣と、高炉又は電気炉等の各種の炉からの残渣物から得られる炭化物とを、減容固化したことを特徴とする、固化燃料として提供される。 Furthermore, the present invention reduced the volume of the first residue after recovering iron and non-ferrous metal from the automobile crushed material and the carbide obtained from the residue from various furnaces such as a blast furnace or an electric furnace. It is provided as a solidified fuel.
本発明の実施例を具体的に説明するに先立ち、本発明がなされるに至った経緯、原理等について説明する。 Prior to specific description of the embodiments of the present invention, the background, principle, and the like that led to the present invention will be described.
例えば、ＡＳＲは、年間７０−１００万トン日本国内において発生している。その多くは埋め立て処理されている。しかしながら、上述のように、管理型処分場の容量は急激に減少している。埋め立て処分すべき最終埋め立て材の減量化として、本発明者は、種々の技術的な解決策を検討した。その１つとして、ＡＳＲ等を熱分解ガス化溶融処理することを考えた。しかしながら、この方法では、最終的に炭化物やスラグが多量に発生することから、あまり現実的ではない。そこで、本発明者は、自己の発明、出願に係る特開２００４−８９０号公報に記載の発明によるＡＳＲの燃料化を用いて、最終生成物を減量化することを考えた。即ち、ＡＳＲは保有カロリーが４０００−６０００キロカロリー／トンあり、石炭に匹敵している。従って、熱源として、つまり燃料として十分利用可能であることに気がついた。一方、熱分解ガス化炉から発生する炭化物（カーボン）や集塵灰は、熱量が約２０００キロカロリー／トンあり、現在は基本的には、再溶融させて処理する建前になっている。しかし現実には、処理量の１０％が最終生成物とされて、埋め立て最終処分されている。 For example, ASR occurs in Japan in 7 to 1 million tons per year. Many of them are landfilled. However, as described above, the capacity of the management-type disposal site is rapidly decreasing. In order to reduce the amount of final landfill material to be disposed of by landfill, the present inventor has examined various technical solutions. As one of them, it was considered that pyrolysis gasification melting treatment of ASR or the like. However, this method is not so realistic because a large amount of carbides and slag is finally generated. Therefore, the present inventor has considered reducing the final product by using ASR fueling according to the invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-890 relating to his own invention and application. In other words, ASR has a calorie content of 4000-6000 kilocalories / ton and is comparable to coal. Therefore, it was found that it can be used sufficiently as a heat source, that is, as a fuel. On the other hand, carbides (carbon) and dust ash generated from the pyrolysis gasifier have a calorific value of about 2000 kilocalories / ton, and are basically pre-built for remelting and processing. However, in reality, 10% of the processing amount is regarded as a final product and is disposed of in landfills.
本発明者は、上記に鑑みて、ＡＳＲと、熱分解ガス化溶融炉から出る各種の物質、例えば、炭化物や集塵灰と混合し、それを減容固化し、燃料として使用することに想到した。ここで、燃料として使用するため、原料となるＡＳＲには、徹底した不純物（鉄、非鉄金属）除去処理を、例えば芯線から被覆を剥離した後に芯線を除去処理することにより行う。例えば、ＡＳＲと炭化物との混合割合は、ＡＳＲ：炭化物を１０：（５〜１）とする。炭化物等の割合が増えれば、その分熱量は低下する。従って、用途別に混合割合を変える必要がある。ただし、炭化物の割合が５０％を越えると、減容固化が困難となる。それは、ＡＳＲは減容化の工程でバインダーの役目を果たしているが、その割合が減少すると、固化しにくくなるからである。 In view of the above, the present inventor has conceived that ASR is mixed with various substances coming out of the pyrolysis gasification melting furnace, for example, carbide and dust collection ash, and is reduced in volume and used as fuel. did. Here, for use as a fuel, the ASR as a raw material is subjected to thorough impurity (iron, non-ferrous metal) removal processing, for example, by removing the core wire after peeling the coating from the core wire. For example, the mixing ratio of ASR and carbide is ASR: carbide 10: (5-1). If the proportion of carbides increases, the amount of heat decreases accordingly. Therefore, it is necessary to change the mixing ratio for each application. However, if the proportion of carbide exceeds 50%, volume reduction and solidification becomes difficult. This is because ASR plays the role of a binder in the volume reduction process, but when its proportion decreases, it becomes difficult to solidify.
本発明は、上記のような本発明者に独自の知得に基づいてなされたもので、その実施例を以下に図面を参照しながら説明する。 The present invention has been made on the basis of unique knowledge of the present inventors as described above, and an embodiment thereof will be described below with reference to the drawings.
図１からわかるように、本発明の実施例では、自動車破砕プラントで得た材料（物質）と、一連の熱分解ガス化溶融炉処理で得た各種材料（物質）とを混合して処理をすることにより、何種類かのＡＳＲ固化燃料を得ようとするものである。 As can be seen from FIG. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, a material (substance) obtained in an automobile crushing plant and various materials (substances) obtained by a series of pyrolysis gasification melting furnace treatment are mixed and processed. By doing so, several types of ASR solidified fuel are to be obtained.
即ち、自動車破砕プラント側においては、先ず、廃自動車を例えば１５０ｍｍくらいの大きさに破砕する（Ｓ１）。次に、磁気選別によって、単独での使用価値のある鉄を回収する（Ｓ２）。鉄回収後の破砕ダストとしてのＡＳＲに対して、好ましくは５０ｍｍくらいに粗破砕した後、被覆電線等に対して被覆を芯線から剥離する剥離処理を施す（Ｓ３）。これにより、ＡＳＲは、例えば、被覆と銅線等に剥離され、剥離状態においてそれらが混在した状態となる。この後、選別処理を施す（Ｓ４）。これにより、ＡＳＲが、芯材としての銅や、アルミニウム等の非鉄金属と、ゴム、プラスチック、繊維等とに分別される。前者は非鉄金属として回収される。非鉄金属回収後の後者は、５０００ｋｃａｌくらいの熱容量をもつもので、原固化燃料材として混合固化処理に送られる（Ｓ１０）。ここで、後述のように、他の材料と共に減容してＡＳＲ固化燃料が製造される。 That is, on the side of the automobile crushing plant, first, the scrapped automobile is crushed to a size of about 150 mm, for example (S1). Next, iron that is worth using alone is recovered by magnetic sorting (S2). The ASR as the crushed dust after iron recovery is preferably roughly crushed to about 50 mm, and then subjected to a peeling process for peeling the coating from the core wire on the coated electric wire or the like (S3). Thereby, ASR will be exfoliated by covering, a copper wire, etc., for example, and will be in the state where they were mixed in the exfoliation state. Thereafter, a sorting process is performed (S4). Thereby, ASR is classified into non-ferrous metals, such as copper and aluminum as a core material, rubber | gum, a plastic, a fiber, etc. The former is recovered as a non-ferrous metal. The latter after the recovery of the non-ferrous metal has a heat capacity of about 5000 kcal and is sent to the mixed solidification process as a raw solidified fuel material (S10). Here, as described later, the ASR solidified fuel is manufactured by reducing the volume together with other materials.
一方、熱分解ガス化溶融炉側について説明する。熱分解ガス化溶融炉は、図１から解るように、２つの炉部を持ち、１つは熱分解ガス化炉部であり、もう１つは溶融炉部である。まず、ＡＳＲ及び廃棄プラスチック等を磁気選別して鉄を回収する（Ｓ１１）。鉄回収済の材料に対して、例えば４５０−６００℃くらいでガス化する熱分解ガス化炉処理を施す（Ｓ１２）。つまり、鉄回収後のＡＳＲと廃プラスチック等を熱分解する。この熱分解後の残渣に対して篩処理を施す。これにより、小径のものとして炭化物が得られ、それよりも大径のものとしてその他の残渣物が得られる。前記その他の残渣物は、炭素以外のものであり、銅、アルミニュウム、ステンレス、真鍮等の非鉄金属と、土砂・ガラス・鉄等のその他の成分と、等を有するものである。前記炭化物は前述の混合固化処理（Ｓ１０）に送られる。これにより、混合固化処理（Ｓ１０）段で、前記ＡＳＲ側のゴム・繊維・プラスチック等と、この炭化物とが混合処理されて、ペレット状のＡＳＲ固化燃料が得られる。また、上記その他の残渣物は次段の溶融炉処理（Ｓ１３）に送られる。前記溶融炉処理（Ｓ１３）により最終的な残渣として溶融スラグが得られるが、このスラグの量は、前記炭化物を除したものとなるので、当然、量の少ないものとなる。これにより、埋め立て処分費用の節減と熱有効利用が同時に達成される。 On the other hand, the pyrolysis gasification melting furnace side will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the pyrolysis gasification melting furnace has two furnace parts, one is a pyrolysis gasification furnace part, and the other is a melting furnace part. First, iron is recovered by magnetically sorting ASR and waste plastics (S11). The iron recovered material is subjected to, for example, a pyrolysis gasification furnace treatment that gasifies at about 450 to 600 ° C. (S12). That is, ASR and waste plastic after iron recovery are pyrolyzed. The residue after the thermal decomposition is subjected to a sieving process. As a result, a carbide having a small diameter is obtained, and other residue is obtained having a larger diameter. The other residue is other than carbon, and includes non-ferrous metals such as copper, aluminum, stainless steel, and brass, and other components such as earth and sand, glass, and iron. The said carbide | carbonized_material is sent to the above-mentioned mixing solidification process (S10). Thereby, in the mixing and solidifying process (S10) stage, the rubber, fiber, plastic, etc. on the ASR side and this carbide are mixed and a pellet-shaped ASR solidified fuel is obtained. The other residue is sent to the next melting furnace treatment (S13). Although the molten slag is obtained as a final residue by the melting furnace treatment (S13), the amount of the slag is obtained by removing the carbide, and naturally the amount is small. As a result, the reduction of landfill disposal costs and the effective use of heat are achieved at the same time.
熱分解ガス化炉としては、９０−１００ｔ／日の処理能力のものが多く、これを用いた場合には、ここから発生する炭化物はおよそ２０ｔ／日（集塵灰４ｔ／日を含む）である。このうち、純粋なカーボンは２０−２５ｗｔ％（約４−５ｔ／日）である。 Many pyrolysis gasification furnaces have a processing capacity of 90-100 t / day, and when this is used, the carbide generated from this is approximately 20 t / day (including dust collection ash 4 t / day). is there. Of these, pure carbon is 20-25 wt% (about 4-5 t / day).
つまり、本発明では、熱分解ガス化溶融炉側における前記炭化物を、ＡＳＲに基づく原固化燃料材と混合し、固化して、固化燃料を作り、電気炉及び高炉助燃材として有効に利用しようとするものである。 In other words, in the present invention, the carbide on the pyrolysis gasification melting furnace side is mixed with the raw solidified fuel material based on ASR and solidified to produce a solidified fuel, which is used effectively as an electric furnace and blast furnace auxiliary combustor. To do.
本発明者の実験によれば、熱分解ガス化炉に、ＡＳＲ等を燃料として投入することとなるので、コークス使用量を１０％、電気使用量を約５％節約できた。また、ガス炉からの廃ガス中のダイオキシン濃度は、溶解量１チャージ当り３−５％だけ固化物を投入しても、投入しない場合に比較し、変化はなかった。（しかしながら、この値は、固化物投入量を更に増加していけば当然、変化してくるのは予想できる。）
上記には、ＡＳＲに基づく原固化燃料材と、熱分解ガス化溶融炉処理の過程で得られる炭化物とを混合する例について説明した。しかしながら、上記熱分解ガス化溶融炉以外の各種の炉、例えば、電気炉や高炉等の各種の炉から得られる炭化物を、前記原固化燃料材と混合して、固化燃料とすることもできる。
According to the experiment by the present inventor, ASR or the like is charged as fuel in the pyrolysis gasification furnace, so that the amount of coke used can be saved by 10% and the amount of electricity used can be saved by about 5%. In addition, the dioxin concentration in the waste gas from the gas furnace did not change even when solidified material was added by 3-5% per charge per charge compared to the case where the solidified material was not charged. (However, this value can naturally be expected to change as the amount of solids input increases further.)
In the above, the example which mixed the raw solidified fuel material based on ASR and the carbide | carbonized_material obtained in the process of a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace process was demonstrated. However, carbide obtained from various furnaces other than the above-described pyrolysis gasification melting furnace, for example, various furnaces such as an electric furnace and a blast furnace, can be mixed with the raw solidified fuel material to obtain a solidified fuel.
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| CN116970416A (en) * | 2023-08-17 | 2023-10-31 | 中国联合工程有限公司 | Automobile dismantling waste tire pyrolysis and ASR gasification combined processing system and processing method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116970416A (en) * | 2023-08-17 | 2023-10-31 | 中国联合工程有限公司 | Automobile dismantling waste tire pyrolysis and ASR gasification combined processing system and processing method |
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