JP2005531305A - ステロイド産生急性調節タンパク質の神経変性疾患に関する診断的および治療的使用 - Google Patents
ステロイド産生急性調節タンパク質の神経変性疾患に関する診断的および治療的使用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
(a)(i)StAR遺伝子の転写産物を選択的に検出する試薬(ii)StAR遺伝子の翻訳産物を選択的に検出する試薬、から成る群から選択された少なくとも1つの試薬;および
(b)
−前記被験者に由来する試料中の、StAR遺伝子の前記転写産物および/または前記翻訳産物の、レベル、または活性、または前記レベルおよび前記活性の両方を検出すること;および
−神経変性疾患、特にADを診断するかまたは予測診断する、またはそのような疾患を発症する前記被験者の傾向または素因を判定すること
による、神経変性疾患、特にADを診断するかまたは予測診断する、またはそのような疾患を発症する被験者の傾向または素因を判定するための指示。
但し、既知の健康状態を表す参照値と比較した前記転写産物および/または前記翻訳産物の、変化したレベル、または活性、または前記レベルおよび前記活性の両方;または既知の健康状態を表す参照値と同様であるかまたは等しい、前記転写産物および/または前記翻訳産物の、レベル、または活性、または前記レベルおよび前記活性の両方が、神経変性疾患、特にADの診断または予測診断、またはそのような疾患を発症する高い傾向または素因を示す。本発明に記載のキットは、神経変性疾患、特にADを発症するリスクがある人の特定に特に有用である可能性がある。結果として、本発明に記載のキットは、疾患経過において不可逆的損傷が与えられる前に、特定された人を疾患の発症前の早期予防処置または治療的介入の対象とする方法となりうる。さらに、好ましい実施形態では、本発明で扱うキットは、被験者において神経変性疾患、特にADの進行を監視、および前記被験者のそのような疾患について治療的処置の成功または失敗を監視するのに有用である。
(i)AD患者由来の脳組織解剖:
AD患者および同年齢の対照被験者由来の脳組織を死後6時間以内に採取し、直ちにドライアイス上で凍結した。診断の組織病理的確認のため、各組織からの試料切片はパラホルムアルデヒドで固定した。発現差の分析のための脳の部分を特定し(図1参照)、RNA抽出を実施するまで−80℃にて保存した。
総RNAは、RNeasyキット(キアゲン(Qiagen))を取扱説明書に従って使用することによって、死後脳組織から抽出した。正確なRNA濃度およびRNA品質は、DNAラブチップ(LabChip)系を用いてアジレント(Agilent)2100バイオアナライザー(アジレント・テクノロジーズ(Agilent Technologies))を使用して測定した。調製したRNAの追加の品質試験、すなわち部分分解の排除およびDNA混入に関する試験は、特に設計したイントロンGAPDHオリゴヌクレオチドおよび参照対照としてゲノムDNAを使用して、ライトサイクラー(LightCycler)技術を取扱説明書(ロシュ(Roche))に従って用いて融解曲線を作成した。
前頭皮質に対して側頭皮質における、および海馬に対して前頭皮質におけるヒトStAR遺伝子の発現レベルを、ライトサイクラー(LightCycler)技術(ロシュ(Roche))を用いて分析した。この手法はポリメラーゼ連鎖反応の迅速熱サイクリングおよび増幅中の蛍光シグナルのリアルタイム測定を特色とし、したがって、終点計測値でなく動力学を用いることによってRT−PCR産物の高度に正確な定量が可能である。前頭皮質および側頭皮質由来の、ならびに前頭皮質および海馬由来の、StAR cDNAの比をそれぞれ測定した(相対的定量)。
最初に、ヒトStARに特異的なプライマー(5'−CCAATGTCAAGGAGATCAAGGTC−3'および5'−GCCAGCTCGTGAGTAATGAATGT−3')を用いたPCRの効率を測定するため、標準曲線を作成した。
ヒト脳におけるStARの免疫蛍光染色のために、一名の提供者の死後中心前回からクリオスタット(ライカCM3050S)を用いて凍結切片を調製し、アセトン中で10分間固定した。PBSで洗浄後、切片をブロッキング緩衝液(10%正常ヤギ血清、0.2%トリトンX−100を含むPBS)で30分間プレインキュベートし、その後、アフィニティ精製抗StARウサギポリクローナル抗体(ブロッキング緩衝液で1:50希釈;ディアノバ(Dianova)、ハンブルク)と一夜4℃にてインキュベートした。0.1%トリトンX−100/PBSで3回洗浄後、切片をFITC結合ヤギ抗ウサギIgG(1%BSA/PBSで1:150希釈)と共に2時間室温にてインキュベートし、その後再びPBSで洗浄した。核の染色は、5(MDAPIを含むPBSとの3分間の切片のインキュベートによって実施した(青色シグナル)。ヒト脳中のリポフスチンの自己蛍光をブロックするため、切片を1%スダンブラックBを含む70%エタノールで2〜10分間室温にて処理し、その後連続して70%エタノール、蒸留水、およびPBSに浸した。切片は、「ベクトラシールド(Vectrashield)」封入剤(ベクター・ラボラトリーズ(Vector Laboratories)、カリフォルニア州バーリンゲーム(Burlingame))を用いてカバーガラスを掛け、倒立顕微鏡(IX81、オリンパス光学)下で観察した。デジタル画像は適当なソフトウェア(AnalySiS、オリンパス光学)を用いて取り込んだ。
Claims (12)
- 被験者において神経変性疾患を診断または予測診断する、または被験者が前記疾患を発症する高いリスクがあるかどうかを判定する方法であって、
前記被験者由来の試料中の
(i)StAR遺伝子の転写産物、および/または
(ii)StAR遺伝子の翻訳産物、および/または
(iii)前記転写または翻訳産物の断片、または誘導体、または変異体
のレベルおよび/または活性を測定し、前記レベルおよび/または前記活性を、既知の疾患または健康状態を表す参照値と比較し、それによって前記被験者において前記神経変性疾患を診断または予測診断すること、または前記被験者が前記神経変性疾患を発症する高いリスクがあるかどうかを判定すること
を含む方法。 - 前記神経変性疾患がアルツハイマー病である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 被験者において神経変性疾患、特にアルツハイマー病を診断または予測診断する、または被験者のそのような疾患を発症する傾向または素因を判定するためのキットであって、
(a)(i)StAR遺伝子の転写産物を選択的に検出する試薬および(ii)StAR遺伝子の翻訳産物を選択的に検出する試薬、から成る群から選択された少なくとも1つの試薬;および
(b)(i)前記被験者に由来する試料中の、StAR遺伝子の前記転写産物および/または前記翻訳産物の、レベル、または活性、または前記レベルおよび前記活性の両方を検出すること;および(ii)神経変性疾患、特にアルツハイマー病を診断するかまたは予測診断する、またはそのような疾患を発症する傾向または素因を判定することによって、神経変性疾患、特にアルツハイマー病を診断または予測診断するため、または被験者のそのような疾患を発症する傾向または素因を判定するための指示(但し、既知の健康状態を表す参照値と比較した前記転写産物および/または前記翻訳産物の、変化したレベル、または活性、または前記レベルおよび前記活性の両方;または既知の健康状態を表す参照値と同様であるかまたは等しい、前記転写産物および/または前記翻訳産物の、レベル、または活性、または前記レベルおよび前記活性の両方が、神経変性疾患、特にアルツハイマー病の診断または予測診断、またはそのような疾患を発症する高い傾向または素因を示す)
:ことを含む前記キット。 - (i)StAR遺伝子、および/または
(ii)StAR遺伝子の転写産物、および/または
(iii)StAR遺伝子の翻訳産物、および/または
(iv)(i)から(iii)の断片、または誘導体、または変異体
から成る群から選択される少なくとも1つの物質の活性および/またはレベルの調節因子。 - StARまたはその断片、または誘導体、または変異体をコードする非天然遺伝子配列を含む組み換え非ヒト動物であって、
(i)前記遺伝子配列および選択可能なマーカー配列を含む遺伝子ターゲッティング構築物を提供すること、および
(ii)前記ターゲッティング構築物を非ヒト動物の幹細胞へ導入すること、および
(iii)前記非ヒト動物幹細胞を非ヒト胚へ導入すること、および
(iv)前記胚を偽妊娠非ヒト動物へ移植すること、および
(v)前記胚を満期まで発生させること、および
(vi)ゲノムが両方の対立遺伝子に前記遺伝子配列の修飾を含む遺伝子改変非ヒト動物を特定すること、および
(vii)段階(vi)の遺伝子改変非ヒト動物を繁殖させて、ゲノムが前記内因性遺伝子の修飾を含み、前記破壊の結果として前記非ヒト動物が神経変性疾患または関連する疾患または障害の症状を発症する素因を示す、遺伝子改変非ヒト動物を得ること
:によって得ることができる前記動物。 - 神経変性疾患、特にアルツハイマー病、または関連する疾患または障害の調節因子についての、
(i)StAR遺伝子、および/または
(ii)StAR遺伝子の転写産物、および/または
(iii)StAR遺伝子の翻訳産物、および/または
(iv)(i)から(iii)の断片、または誘導体、または変異体
から成る群から選択された一種類以上の物質のスクリーニングのための測定法であって、
(a)細胞を被験化合物と接触させること;
(b)(i)から(iv)で列挙された一種類以上の物質の、活性および/またはレベルを測定すること;
(c)前記被験化合物と接触させていない対照細胞中の、(i)から(iv)で列挙された一種類以上の物質の、活性および/またはレベルを測定すること;および
(d)段階(b)と(c)の細胞中の物質のレベルおよび/または活性を比較すること(但し、接触させた細胞中の物質の活性および/またはレベルの変化は被験化合物が前記疾患または障害の調節因子であることを示す)
:を含む前記方法。 - 神経変性疾患、特にアルツハイマー病、または関連する疾患または障害の調節因子についての、
(i)StAR遺伝子、および/または
(ii)StAR遺伝子の転写産物、および/または
(iii)StAR遺伝子の翻訳産物、および/または
(iv)(i)から(iii)の断片、または誘導体、または変異体
から成る群から選択された一種類以上の物質のスクリーニングのための方法であって、
(a)神経変性疾患または(i)から(iv)で列挙された一種類以上の物質について関連する疾患または障害の症状を発症する素因があるかまたは既に発症している被験動物に被験化合物を投与すること;
(b)(i)から(iv)で列挙された一種類以上の物質の、活性および/またはレベルを測定すること;
(c)神経変性疾患または(i)から(iv)で列挙された物質について関連する疾患または障害を発症する素因があるかまたは既に発症しており、かつそのような被験化合物が投与されていない、一致した対照動物における(i)から(iv)で列挙された一種類以上の物質の活性および/またはレベルを測定すること;
(d)段階(b)と(c)の動物における物質の活性および/またはレベルを比較すること(但し、被験動物における物質の活性および/またはレベルの変化は被験化合物が前記疾患または障害の調節因子であることを示す)
:を含む前記方法。 - 前記被験動物および/または前記対照動物が、天然のStAR遺伝子転写調節配列ではない転写調節配列の調節下にある、StAR、またはその断片、または誘導体、または変異体を発現する組み換えヒト動物である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- リガンドと、StAR遺伝子の翻訳産物、またはその断片、または誘導体、または変異体との間の結合の阻害について、化合物を試験するための、好ましくは複数の化合物をスクリーニングするための測定法であって、
(i)前記StAR遺伝子の翻訳産物、またはその断片、または誘導体、または変異体の懸濁液を複数の容器に加える;
(ii)前記阻害についてスクリーニングされるべき、一または複数の化合物を前記複数の容器に加える;
(iii)検出可能な、好ましくは蛍光標識されたリガンドを前記容器に加える;
(iv)前記StAR遺伝子の翻訳産物、またはその前記断片、または誘導体、または変異体、および前記一または複数の化合物、および前記検出可能な、好ましくは蛍光標識されたリガンドをインキュベートする;
(v)前記StAR遺伝子の翻訳産物に、またはその前記断片、または誘導体、または変異体に付随した好ましくは蛍光の量を測定する;および
(vi)前記リガンドの、前記StAR遺伝子の翻訳産物、またはその前記断片、または誘導体、または変異体への結合の、一種類以上の前記化合物による阻害の程度を測定する
:段階を含む前記測定法。 - 神経変性疾患、好ましくはアルツハイマー病を検出するための診断標的としての使用のための、タンパク質分子(前記タンパク質分子は、StAR遺伝子、配列番号1の翻訳産物である)、またはその断片、または誘導体、または変異体。
- 神経変性疾患、好ましくはアルツハイマー病を予防する、または治療する、または改善する試薬または化合物についてのスクリーニング標的としての使用のための、タンパク質分子(前記タンパク質分子は、StAR遺伝子、配列番号1の翻訳産物である)、またはその断片、または誘導体、または変異体。
- 被験者由来の試料中の細胞の病理状態を検出するための、免疫原と特異的に免疫反応性である抗体の使用(但し、前記免疫原がStAR遺伝子、配列番号1の翻訳産物、またはその断片、または誘導体、または変異体である)であって、前記抗体を用いた前記細胞の免疫細胞化学染色を含む使用(但し、既知の健康状態を表す細胞と比較した前記細胞における染色の程度の変化、または染色パターンの変化が、前記細胞の病理状態を示す)。
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| WO2003104811A2 (en) | 2003-12-18 |
| AU2003240746A1 (en) | 2003-12-22 |
| AU2003240746A8 (en) | 2003-12-22 |
| WO2003104811A3 (en) | 2004-10-14 |
| EP1512013A2 (en) | 2005-03-09 |
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