JP2005523270A - 体重を減少させる方法としてのcpt−1の促進 - Google Patents
体重を減少させる方法としてのcpt−1の促進 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005523270A JP2005523270A JP2003565467A JP2003565467A JP2005523270A JP 2005523270 A JP2005523270 A JP 2005523270A JP 2003565467 A JP2003565467 A JP 2003565467A JP 2003565467 A JP2003565467 A JP 2003565467A JP 2005523270 A JP2005523270 A JP 2005523270A
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- fatty acid
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Abstract
Description
発明の属する分野
本発明は、CPT-1活性の薬理学的な促進によって、除脂肪体重を維持しながら、選択的に脂肪酸酸化を促進し、エネルギー産生を増加させ、そして、肥満性を減少させる治療薬を開発するための方法に向かっている。
in vitroにおけるヒト乳がん細胞MCF-7のセルレニン処理は、おそらくマロニルCoAレベルの増加により、脂肪酸酸化を有意に阻害する(Loftus、ら (2000) Science, 288: 2379-2381)。C75は脂肪酸合成酵素(FAS)の阻害剤として知られる、α-メチレン-γ-ブチロラクトンのファミリーの構成物質である(Kuhajda、ら (2000) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA, 97: 3450-3454)。マウスへのC75の処理は、肝臓の脂肪酸合成の阻害、及び、高いマロニルCoAレベルを引き起こす(Loftus、ら (2000);Pizer、ら(2000) Cancer Res., 60: 213-218)。脳においてC75は、視床下部ニューロペプチド-Y(NPY)を減少させ、可逆的な栄養失調を引き起こす(Loftus、ら、2000)。in vivoにおけるob/obマウスへのC75の処理の間は、肝臓でのマロニルCoAレベルの増加にもかかわらず、肝臓及び末梢組織での大幅に脂肪が減少した(Loftus、ら、2000)。
脂肪酸合成の阻害を必要とせず、体重減少を誘導し、適切な体重を維持するための方法、及び、組成物を提供することが本発明の目的である。この目的及び他の目的は、一つあるいはそれ以上の、以下の態様により達成される。
R1及びR2は同じか異なるものであり、H、CH3、C2H5、C3H7、C4H9、CF3、OCH3、F、ClまたはBrであり;
R3はH、CH3、C2H5、C3H7、C4H9、COOH、COOCH3、COOC2H5、COOC2H5、または、COOC4H9であり;
R4はH、CH3、C2H5、C3H7、または、C4H9であり;
XはNH、S、または、Oであり;
ZはCH2、O、NH、またはSであり;
iは1から5であり;
jは0から10であり;
kは1から10であり;
mは1から13であり;そして、
nは1から15でありである。
in vivoにおける脂肪酸合成酵素(FAS)の阻害は、迅速かつ大幅な体重減少を引き起こすことが知られてきた。天然物であるセルレニン、及び、合成低分子であるC75の両方は、ラットへの脳室内投与(i.c.v.)の場合、同様の体重減少を引き起こす。全身的に(例えば、腹腔内に)処理した場合、C75はより大幅な体重減少を引き起こし、それどころか絶食させた動物よりも体重減少が大きい。これらのデータは、セルレニンよりC75の、体重減少へのより大きい末梢性の(CNSではない)効果を証明する。
FAS阻害剤であるセルレニンは、MCF-7細胞内のマロニルCoA量を増加させる(3)。マロニルCoAの大幅な増加の結果、CPT-1のマロニルCoA阻害により、セルレニンは脂肪酸酸化の阻害を引き起こす(Thupari、ら (2001) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 285: 217-223)。以前に、MCF-7細胞へのC75処理は、C75の脂肪酸合成酵素(FAS)阻害によりマロニルCoAが>5倍増加という結果であることが示された(3)。脂肪酸酸化に対するC75の効果は以下のように試験された。
MCF-7細胞におけるCPT-1活性は、以下に公開される手順により分析した:MCF-7細胞を10%仔牛血清を含むDMEM中、24ウェルプレートに106個の細胞を3対播いた。37℃で一晩インキュベートした後、培地を除き、そして、50 mMイミダゾール、70 mM KC1、80 mMスクロース、1 mM EGTA、2 mM MgCl2、1 mM DTT、1 mM KCN、1 mM ATP、0.1%脂肪酸非含有ウシ血清アルブミン、70μMパルミトイル-CoA、0.25μCi[メチル-14C]L-カルニチン、40μgジギトニン、20μMマロニルCoA添加または無添加、からなるアッセイ培地700μlに置換した。37℃で6分間インキュベートした後、氷冷4 M過塩素酸を500μl加えることにより反応を停止した。次に細胞を回収し、そして、13,000×gで5分間遠心した。沈殿を500μlの氷冷2 mM過塩素酸で洗浄し、そして、再び遠心した。得られた沈殿を蒸留水800μlに再懸濁し、そして、150μlブタノールで抽出した。ブタノール相は液体シンチレーションにより計測され、また、アシルカルニチン誘導体を示す。
飽和炭素“尾部"の長さのみが異なるα-メチレン-γ-ブチロラクトンのアナログは、本明細書中で参考文献として援用される、アメリカ合衆国特許番号5,981,575に記載されるとおり調製された。C75は8炭素尾部をもち、C12、及び、C16はそれぞれ12、及び、16炭素の尾部をもつ。CPT-1活性を測定する前に、細胞を、20μg/mlのC75及びC75のアナログで、1時間、処理した。完全な(whole)細胞にはマロニルCoAは浸透しないため、マロニルCoAは反応バッファーのみに加えた。C75は、20μg/mlの用量で、対照の166%にCPT-1の活性を促進した(図4参照;p=0.0092、両側t検定、Prism 3.0)。C12アナログは対照の186%促進し(p=0.0099、両側t検定、Prism 3.0)、そして、C16アナログは138%促進した(p=0.055、両側t検定、Prism 3.0)。CPT-1の細胞内の競合阻害剤であるマロニルCoAは、20 mMで対照の64%にCPT-1活性を減少させた(p=0.023、両側t検定、Prism 3.0)。CPT-1活性化に最適な炭素鎖の長さは、6から16炭素の間である。
脂肪酸酸化の増加の結果、MCF-7細胞においてC75処理の後に、ATPが増加した。1×105個のMCF-7細胞を96ウェルプレートに播いた。細胞をC75またはビヒクルとともに処理した。2時間後、ATP Bioluminescense Kit CLS(Roche)を製造業者のプロトコールに従って使用し、ルシフェラーゼアッセイを用いて、ATPを測定した。Perkin Elmer Wallac Victor2 1420ルミノメーターによりプレートを読み取った。10μg/ml、及び、20μg/mlのC75の処理は両方とも、細胞全体のATPの有意な増加という結果となった(図5参照;p=0.0001、p<0.0001対照と比較、両側t検定、Prism 3.0)。C75とインキュベーション1時間後においても、同様の結果が得られた。このように、C75による脂肪酸酸化の増加の結果、細胞のエネルギー産生が増加した。
脂肪酸代謝に対するC75の効果の研究を、がん細胞株から正常脂肪細胞へと拡大するため、分化させた(形質転換させない)マウスNIH 3T3-L1脂肪細胞を、MCF-7細胞で行ったのと同様のアッセイに使用した。3T3-L1細胞はAmerican Type Culture Collectionから入手し、そして、高グルコース(4.5 g/l)(Gibco 12100-046)、10%仔牛血清、及び、ビオチン(Sigma B-4639)0.008 g/Lを含むDMEMで培養した。細胞がコンフルエントになった3日後、標準培養培地を分化培地と交換した際、分化を開始した。分化培地は、標準培養培地を含み、それに対して最終濃度に達するように以下のものを加えた:メチルイソブチルキサンチン(MIX)0.5 mM、デキサメタゾン(DEX)1μM、及び、インシュリン10μg/ml。48時間後、分化培地を、MIX及びDEXは含まず、インシュリンを上記濃度で含有する、分化後培地に交換した。分化した細胞は、7〜10日目に、実験に使用する準備ができた。
ヒトとマウス両方のCPT-1、及び、脂肪酸代謝に対するC75の効果にしたがって、C75はin vivoにおいて、大幅かつ迅速な脂肪酸酸化の促進を誘導する。マウスをOxymax熱量計(Oxymax Equal Flow System(登録商標)、Columbus Instruments、Columbus, OH)中に維持した。酸素消費及びCO2産生を、間接的熱量計を使用してマウス4匹まで同時に測定した。実験の全経過にわたり、15分ごとに測定を記録した。呼吸交換比(RER)はOxymax(登録商標)Software version 5.9により計算した。RERは、平衡に達したかにかかわらず、どのような与えられた時間においても、CO2のO2に対する比として決定される。マウスは無制限の水およびマウス餌のもとに維持された。対照マウスでは(図8A)、動物の食事及び休息のサイクルを示すRERの日周の変化に注目すべきである。RERが1であるのは、糖の酸化と合致するのに対して、0.7は、脂肪酸の酸化を示す。C75で処理し、そして、Oxymax熱量計中で維持したマウスは、呼吸交換比(RER)が〜0.7への迅速な減少を示した(図8B)。30 mg/kgのC75処理は、対照マウスでの日周パターンを崩したことから、約2時間以内に、脂肪酸の酸化を完了するため、RERが急速に低下することを示す。同様に、20 mg/kgのC75処理は、延長させる効果はないが、同様のRERの低下比を示す(図8C)。重要であることに、RERの減少比は餌を取り上げた動物に見られるものと同様であった(データは示さない)。
Claims (5)
- カルニチンパルミトイルトランスフェラーゼ-1(CPT-1)活性を促進する薬剤の投与を含む、体重減少を誘導する方法。
- FASを有意に阻害しない量のCPT-1活性を促進する薬剤を、慢性的投与することを含む、体重を安定させる方法。
- 体重減少の候補薬剤がCPT-1活性を促進するかを決定し;そして、CPT-1活性を促進する薬剤を選択することを含む、体重減少を誘導する薬剤をスクリーニングする方法。
- CPT-1活性を促進する薬剤、及び、L-カルニチンを含む、治療用の組成物。
- 栄養的に十分な量の脂肪、炭水化物、及び、アミノ酸を含む栄養的な組成物であって、さらにL-カルニチン、及び、CPT-1のマロニルCoA阻害のアンタゴニストを含む、前記組成物。
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| JP2008545770A (ja) * | 2005-06-06 | 2008-12-18 | エフ.ホフマン−ラ ロシュ アーゲー | 肝臓のカルニチンパルミトイルトランスフェラーゼ(l−cpt1)阻害剤として有用なスルホンアミド誘導体 |
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| MXPA04007556A (es) * | 2002-02-08 | 2005-12-05 | Univ Johns Hopkins Med | Estimulacion de cpt-1 como medio para reducir peso. |
| WO2004005277A1 (en) * | 2002-07-09 | 2004-01-15 | Fasgen, Inc. | Novel compunds, pharmaceutical compositions containing same, and methods of use for same |
| EP1732572A4 (en) * | 2004-03-18 | 2007-04-18 | Fasgen Llc | CHECKING THE EAT BEHAVIOR BY CHANGING THE NEURONAL ENERGY BALANCE |
| US20100168218A1 (en) * | 2005-07-26 | 2010-07-01 | Kuhajda Francis P | Method of reducing food intake |
| EP1760147B1 (en) * | 2005-08-29 | 2008-12-24 | F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | Crystal structures of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-2 (CPT-2) and uses thereof |
| ES2405259B1 (es) * | 2011-11-25 | 2014-09-29 | Centro De Investigación Biomédica En Red Fisiopatología De La Obesidad Y Nutrición (Ciberobn) | Uso del enantiómero (+)-c75 para el tratamiento de la obesidad. |
| WO2013155528A2 (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2013-10-17 | Fasgen, Inc. | Methods for reducing brain inflammation, increasing insulin sensitivity, and reducing ceramide levels |
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| DE3026368A1 (de) * | 1980-07-11 | 1982-02-18 | Lentia GmbH Chem. u. pharm. Erzeugnisse - Industriebedarf, 8000 München | Naehrloesung fuer die vollstaendige parenterale ernaehrung und fuer gesteigerte energieproduktion |
| US5981575A (en) | 1996-11-15 | 1999-11-09 | Johns Hopkins University, The | Inhibition of fatty acid synthase as a means to reduce adipocyte mass |
| US5914326A (en) * | 1997-08-08 | 1999-06-22 | Ambi Inc. | Method for promoting weight and fat loss |
| WO2000012080A1 (en) * | 1998-09-01 | 2000-03-09 | Amway Corporation | Diet composition and method of weight management |
| EP1227810B8 (en) * | 1999-11-12 | 2006-08-16 | The Johns Hopkins University School Of Medicine | Treating cancer by increasing intracellular malonyl coa levels |
| WO2001060174A2 (en) * | 2000-02-16 | 2001-08-23 | The Johns Hopkins University School Of Medicine | Weight loss induced by reduction in neuropeptide y level |
| WO2002079501A1 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-10 | Trustees Of Boston University | Methods and reagents for identifying weight loss promoters and therapeutic uses therefor |
| MXPA04007556A (es) * | 2002-02-08 | 2005-12-05 | Univ Johns Hopkins Med | Estimulacion de cpt-1 como medio para reducir peso. |
| US20040161803A1 (en) * | 2002-04-01 | 2004-08-19 | Corkey Barbara E. | Methods and reagents for identifying weight loss promoters and therpeutic uses therefor |
| EP1534263A4 (en) | 2002-07-01 | 2006-10-11 | Fasgen Llc | NEW COMPOUNDS, PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS AND METHOD OF ADMINISTRATION THEREFOR |
| WO2004005277A1 (en) | 2002-07-09 | 2004-01-15 | Fasgen, Inc. | Novel compunds, pharmaceutical compositions containing same, and methods of use for same |
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2003
- 2003-02-10 MX MXPA04007556A patent/MXPA04007556A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2003-02-10 BR BR0307421-8A patent/BR0307421A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-02-10 JP JP2003565467A patent/JP2005523270A/ja active Pending
- 2003-02-10 WO PCT/US2003/003839 patent/WO2003066043A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-02-10 EA EA200401052A patent/EA007029B1/ru unknown
- 2003-02-10 CA CA002474884A patent/CA2474884A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-10 AU AU2003215111A patent/AU2003215111A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-10 US US10/503,605 patent/US20050143467A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-10 EP EP03710928A patent/EP1471906A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-02-10 CN CNB038050145A patent/CN1313089C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-02-10 KR KR10-2004-7012208A patent/KR20040082417A/ko not_active Ceased
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2004
- 2004-08-02 IL IL163312A patent/IL163312A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-08-13 US US10/917,525 patent/US20050106217A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2006
- 2006-10-02 US US11/537,968 patent/US7459481B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2008
- 2008-11-06 US US12/266,425 patent/US20090124684A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-11-20 AU AU2008249144A patent/AU2008249144A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2009
- 2009-10-20 JP JP2009241309A patent/JP2010047594A/ja active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008500363A (ja) * | 2004-05-26 | 2008-01-10 | ファスジェン・リミテッド・ライアビリティ・カンパニー | 新規化合物、該化合物を含む医薬組成物、および該化合物の使用方法 |
| JP2008545770A (ja) * | 2005-06-06 | 2008-12-18 | エフ.ホフマン−ラ ロシュ アーゲー | 肝臓のカルニチンパルミトイルトランスフェラーゼ(l−cpt1)阻害剤として有用なスルホンアミド誘導体 |
| JP4880678B2 (ja) * | 2005-06-06 | 2012-02-22 | エフ.ホフマン−ラ ロシュ アーゲー | 肝臓のカルニチンパルミトイルトランスフェラーゼ(l−cpt1)阻害剤として有用なスルホンアミド誘導体 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2474884A1 (en) | 2003-08-14 |
| US20050106217A1 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
| EA007029B1 (ru) | 2006-06-30 |
| US7459481B2 (en) | 2008-12-02 |
| CN1313089C (zh) | 2007-05-02 |
| EP1471906A4 (en) | 2006-02-01 |
| CN1638758A (zh) | 2005-07-13 |
| US20050143467A1 (en) | 2005-06-30 |
| AU2003215111A1 (en) | 2003-09-02 |
| AU2008249144A1 (en) | 2008-12-11 |
| US20070087037A1 (en) | 2007-04-19 |
| BR0307421A (pt) | 2004-12-28 |
| US20090124684A1 (en) | 2009-05-14 |
| MXPA04007556A (es) | 2005-12-05 |
| EA200401052A1 (ru) | 2005-02-24 |
| JP2010047594A (ja) | 2010-03-04 |
| EP1471906A1 (en) | 2004-11-03 |
| IL163312A (en) | 2011-12-29 |
| KR20040082417A (ko) | 2004-09-24 |
| WO2003066043A1 (en) | 2003-08-14 |
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