JP2005523044A - 有益な薬剤を搬送するための拡張可能な医療器具 - Google Patents
有益な薬剤を搬送するための拡張可能な医療器具 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、組織を支持する医療器具に関するもので、より詳細には、臓器を支持して開存性を維持するために、生きている動物またはヒトの体腔内に埋め込まれ、有益な薬剤を介入部位に搬送でき、体腔内で拡張可能であり、体腔内に埋め込む器具に関するものである。
これまで、身体通路の開存性を維持するために身体通路内に埋め込まれる、永久的または生分解性の器具が開発されてきた。これらの器具は、通常、経皮的に導入され、所望の場所に位置決めされるまで経腔輸送される。次いで、これらの器具は、機械的に、例えば装置内側に位置決めされたマンドレル(mandrel)またはバルーン(balloon)の拡張によって拡張し、あるいは体内で作動して蓄積したエネルギーを放出することによって単独で拡張する。ステント(stents)と呼ばれるこれらの器具は、管腔内で拡張した後、体組織内でカプセル化し、永久的に埋め込まれたまま残る。
従来技術の欠点に鑑みて、本発明は、ステントの有効壁厚を増加せず、ステントの機械的拡張特性に悪影響を及ぼさずに、比較的体積の大きい有益な薬剤を、血管腔内の外傷を負った部位に搬送できるステントを提供することが有利な点である。
図1および図2を参照すると、本発明の好ましい一実施形態による組織支持器具が、参照番号10で示されている。組織支持器具10は、S字形の架橋要素14によって接続された複数の円筒管12を含む。架橋要素14は、脈管構造の曲がりくねった経路内を通過して展開部位に到達させるときには、組織支持器具を軸方向に曲げ、支持すべき管腔の曲率に合致させるのに必要なときには、装置を曲げる。各円筒管12は、円筒管の端面から反対側の端面に向かって延びる、複数の軸方向スロット16を備える。
他の有益な薬剤を含めてもよく、微小球状体(microspheres)、微小気泡体(microbubbles)、リポソーム(liposomes)、放射性同位体(radioactive isotopes)、あるいは光か超音波のエネルギー、あるいは体系的に処理することができる循環分子によって活性化された薬剤のような物理的な薬剤に制限されるものではない。
拡張した器具の表面に面するルーメン(lumen)として知られている放射状の方向の最も内側である、内向きの表面に放出される有益な薬剤は、急速に血流によって目標とされたエリアから運び去られるかもしれない。そのような状況では装填した薬剤の合計の半分まで、血流によって運び去られることにより治療の効果は得られないことになる。恐らく、これは図9の貫通した開口部の器具と同様にすべての表面コーティングを施したステントにあてはまることであろう。
図14の実施形態では、有益な薬剤が、微小球状体(ミクロスフェア:microspheres)、粒子あるいはその他同種のものの形により開口部24に設けられている。これらの粒子を含んでいる個々の層70を生成することができ、更に、粒子のサイズは、各層ごとに変えることができる。与えられた層のボリュームに関しては、より小さな粒子サイズが、その層内の粒子表面積の合計を増加させ、各層ごとに有益な薬剤の表面積の合計を変化させる効果を有する。薬剤の分子の流出が表面積に比例するので、薬剤の流出の合計は粒子サイズの変化によって調整され、ネット効果(net effect)は、層内において変化する粒子サイズの変化により放出動力学を制御する。
Claims (48)
- 拡張可能な医療器具であって、
複数の細長い支柱であって、当該複数の細長い支柱は、第1直径を有する円筒形から第2直径を有する円筒形へと拡張することが可能である略円筒形の器具を形成するために相互に結合し、各々が円周方向に支柱の幅と半径方向に支柱の厚みを有する複数の細長い支柱と、
前記複数の支柱の少なくとも一つにおける少なくとも一つの開口部と、
複数の有益な薬剤の層において、前記少なくとも一つの開口部に提供される少なくとも一つの有益な薬剤と
を備えることを特徴とする医療器具。 - 前記少なくとも一つの開口部は、前記支柱の厚さ方向に少なくとも部分的に延設されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の医療器具。
- 前記少なくとも一つの開口部は、複数の開口部を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の医療器具。
- 前記少なくとも一つの開口部は、貫通開口部を確定するために、前記少なくとも一つの支柱の厚さ方向に貫通して延設されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の医療器具。
- 前記少なくとも一つの開口部が有する深さは、凹部を確定するために、前記少なくとも一つの支柱の厚さ以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の医療器具。
- 前記複数の有益な薬剤の層は異なる化学成分の層を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の医療器具。
- 前記異なる化学成分は、バリア成分と活性有益薬剤成分を含むことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の医療器具。
- 前記バリア成分は、その中に形成された開口部を有することを特徴とする請求項7に記載の医療器具。
- 前記異なる化学成分は、異なる活性有益薬剤成分を含むことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の医療器具。
- 前記異なる活性有益な薬剤は、抗血栓症の薬剤と抗増殖性の薬剤を含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の医療器具。
- 前記複数の有益な薬剤の層は、異なる濃度の同一の化学成分を有する有益な薬剤の層を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の医療器具。
- 前記複数の有益な薬剤の層は、前記少なくとも一つの開口部において、半径方向の最も内側の位置にバリア層を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の医療器具。
- 前記複数の有益な薬剤の層は、2つの活性有益薬剤の間にバリア層を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の医療器具。
- 前記有益な薬剤は、体系的に適用される作用物によって活性化されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の医療器具。
- 前記体系的に適用される作用物は、超音波であることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の医療器具。
- 前記体系的に適用される作用物は、化学物質であることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の医療器具。
- 前記有益な薬剤は、微小球状体に内包されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の医療器具。
- 前記複数の有益な薬剤の層は、異なるサイズの微小球状体の層を含むことを特徴とする請求項17に記載の医療器具。
- 前記開口部は、時間に関して有益な薬剤の放出レートを変化させるために構成された形状を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の医療器具。
- 前記有益な薬剤は、生物分解性キャリアーにおいて開口部に提供されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の医療器具。
- 前記有益な薬剤は、前記開口部におけるキャリアから拡散させるために構成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の医療器具。
- 前記有益な薬剤は、予め決められた時間で治療を終了するために構成される生物分解バリア層を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の医療器具。
- 前記有益な薬剤は、パクリタキセル化合物、その相似体、あるいは、その派生物であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の医療器具。
- 前記有益な薬剤は、ラパマイシン、その相似体、あるいは、その派生物であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の医療器具。
- 前記少なくとも一つの開口部は、前記有益な薬剤を内包するための複数の開口部と、目的の位置を保つために開いた状態である開く複数の開口部を備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載に医療器具。
- 前記複数の有益な薬剤の層は、略円筒形であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の医療器具。
- 拡張可能な医療器具であって、
複数の細長い支柱であって、当該複数の細長い支柱は、第1直径を有する円筒形から第2直径を有する円筒形へと拡張することが可能である略円筒形の器具を形成するために相互に結合し、各々が円周方向に支柱の幅と半径方向に支柱の厚みを有する複数の細長い支柱と、
前記複数の支柱の少なくとも一つにおける少なくとも一つの開口部と、
前記少なくとも一つの開口部に提供される少なくとも一つの有益な薬剤と、を備え、
前記有益な薬剤の形状は、所要の薬剤送出プロファイルを達成するために構成されることを特徴とする医療器具。 - 前記少なくとも一つの開口部は、複数の開口部を含むことを特徴とする請求項27に記載の医療器具。
- 前記少なくとも一つの開口部は、貫通開口部を確定するために、前記少なくとも一つの支柱の厚さ方向に貫通して延設されることを特徴とする請求項27に記載の医療器具。
- 前記少なくとも一つの開口部が有する深さは、凹部を確定するために、前記少なくとも一つの支柱の厚さ以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の医療器具。
- 前記少なくとも一つの有益な薬剤は、薬剤送出プロファイルを連続して変化させることを達成するために構成される略円錐形プラグであることを特徴とする請求項27に記載の医療器具。
- 前記少なくとも一つの有益な薬剤は、薬剤送出プロファイルを略シヌソイド関数に従って変化させることを達成するために構成される略球状プラグであることを特徴とする請求項27に記載の医療器具。
- 前記少なくとも一つの有益な薬剤は、プラグと当該プラグを前記開口部内で囲む充填剤であることを特徴とする請求項27に記載の医療器具。
- 前記開口部は、所要の薬剤送出プロファイルを達成するために、円筒形でない形状に構成されることを特徴とする請求項27に記載の医療器具。
- 前記有益な薬剤は、前記有益な薬剤は、パクリタキセル化合物、その相似体、あるいは、その派生物であることを特徴とする請求項27に記載の医療器具。
- 前記有益な薬剤は、ラパマイシン、その相似体、あるいは、その派生物であることを特徴とする請求項27に記載の医療器具。
- 前記少なくとも一つの開口部は、前記有益な薬剤を内包するための複数の開口部と、目的の位置を保つために、開く複数の開口部を備えることを特徴とする請求項27に記載に医療器具。
- 心臓の不整脈を治療するための拡張可能な医療器具であって、当該医療器具が、
複数の支柱を有する拡張可能な円筒形状の器具と、
前記複数の支柱における複数の開口部と、
前記開口部において提供されるアブレーション用の化学薬剤とを備え、
前記開口部は、当該開口部中において薬剤を永久的に抜き取られることなく、前記拡張可能な円筒形状の器具を取り囲む組織に対して、化学的作用によるアブレーション用の薬剤を送出するために構成されることを特徴とする医療器具。 - 生物分解性バリア層は、前記円筒形状の器具の最も内側の面に略隣接している開口部に提供されることを特徴とする請求項38に記載の医療器具。
- 心臓の不整脈を治療するための拡張可能な医療器具であって、当該医療器具が、
複数の支柱を有する拡張可能な円筒形状の器具と、
前記複数の支柱における複数の開口部と、
前記開口部に提供される反律動的でない薬剤と非生物分解性のキャリアとを備え
前記開口部は、拡張した時間間隔において前記円筒形状の器具の周囲を囲む組織に対して、前記反律動的でない薬剤を送出するために構成されることを特徴とする医療器具。 - 前記円筒形状の器具の最も内側の面に略隣接している開口部に提供される非生物分解性バリア層を更に含むことを特徴とする請求項40に記載の医療器具。
- 拡張可能な医療器具を形成する方法であって、当該方法が、
第1直径を有する円筒形から第2直径を有する円筒形へと拡張することが可能である略円筒形の器具を形成するために相互に結合する複数の支柱を拡張可能な医療器具に提供する工程と、
前記複数の支柱の少なくとも一つに、少なくとも一つの開口部を形成する工程と、
複数の有益な薬剤の層において、前記少なくとも一つの開口部に少なくとも一つの有益な薬剤を与える工程とを備えることを特徴とする拡張可能な医療器具を形成する方法。 - 前記少なくとも一つの開口部は、前記支柱の厚さ方向に少なくとも部分的に延設されることを特徴とする請求項42に記載の拡張可能な医療器具を形成する方法。
- 前記少なくとも一つの開口部は、複数の開口部を含むことを特徴とする請求項42に記載の拡張可能な医療器具を形成する方法。
- 前記少なくとも一つの開口部は、貫通開口部を確定するために、前記少なくとも一つの支柱の厚さ方向に貫通して延設されることを特徴とする請求項42に記載の拡張可能な医療器具を形成する方法。
- 前記少なくとも一つの開口部が有する深さは、凹部を確定するために、前記少なくとも一つの支柱の厚さ以下であることを特徴とする請求項42に記載の拡張可能な医療器具を形成する方法。
- 前記有益な薬剤は、パクリタキセル化合物、その相似体、あるいは、その派生物であることを特徴とする請求項42に記載の拡張可能な医療器具を形成する方法。
- 前記有益な薬剤は、ラパマイシン、その相似体、あるいは、その派生物であることを特徴とする請求項42に記載の拡張可能な医療器具を形成する方法。
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| US09/948,989 US7208010B2 (en) | 2000-10-16 | 2001-09-07 | Expandable medical device for delivery of beneficial agent |
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| PCT/US2002/017609 WO2003015664A1 (en) | 2001-08-20 | 2002-06-05 | Expandable medical device for delivery of beneficial agent |
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| JP2013000111A Expired - Fee Related JP6054751B2 (ja) | 2001-08-20 | 2013-01-04 | 有益な薬剤を搬送するための拡張可能な医療器具及びこの医療器具を形成する方法 |
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2008
- 2008-09-09 JP JP2008231146A patent/JP2009022771A/ja active Pending
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- 2009-02-23 US US12/390,542 patent/US8206435B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009518105A (ja) * | 2005-12-07 | 2009-05-07 | ラモト アット テル アヴィヴ ユニヴァーシティ リミテッド | 薬物送達複合構造体 |
| JP2009525127A (ja) * | 2006-02-03 | 2009-07-09 | ボストン サイエンティフィック リミテッド | 超音波作動医療器具 |
| JP2010505526A (ja) * | 2006-10-04 | 2010-02-25 | ボストン サイエンティフィック リミテッド | アテローム硬化性プラークを治療するための装置及び方法 |
| JP2011530347A (ja) * | 2008-08-07 | 2011-12-22 | エクソジェネシス コーポレーション | 薬物送達システムおよびその薬物送達システムの製造方法 |
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