JP2005269751A - Rotating electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

In a conventional vertical rotating electric machine, for example, a water turbine generator, a bracket for supporting an upper guide bearing has an arm-shaped anti-vibration stay on an outer peripheral portion, and the anti-vibration stay is fixed to a concrete wind path foundation. Due to the structure, an excessive radial load acts on the concrete foundation due to thermal deformation of the anti-vibration stay, which increases the thickness of the concrete and increases costs.
A guide bearing 4 that supports an upper portion of a rotary shaft 2 provided on a vertical shaft, and a plurality of vibration-proof stays 6 that are fixed around a bracket 5 that holds the guide bearing and are arranged radially. A diameter that is provided between the base portion 7 provided so as to surround the anti-vibration stays and supports the anti-vibration stays, and a radial direction tip of the base portion and the anti-vibration stays and transmitted from the anti-vibration stays. And a damping device 8 capable of absorbing the thermal deformation in the direction and transmitting the vibration load.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine that can be preferably used as, for example, a vertical shaft generator or a generator motor used in a hydroelectric power plant, and more particularly to an improvement in a bracket support structure that supports an upper guide bearing of a rotor.

  In a conventional vertical rotating electrical machine such as a water turbine generator, the bracket for supporting the upper guide bearing is provided with an arm-shaped anti-vibration stay on the outer periphery, and the anti-vibration stay is fixed to the concrete wind path foundation. There are some (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-9555 (page 3, FIG. 1)

Since the bracket support structure in the conventional rotating electric machine is configured as described above, the vibration damping stay and the bracket body portion expand or contract due to the temperature change in the wind path, and the concrete foundation of the wind path has the following formula ( The radial load FR given in 1) acts.
FR = α × L × ΔT × K (1)
Here, α is the thermal expansion coefficient of the vibration-proof stay, L is the length of the vibration-proof stay, ΔT is the temperature change from when the upper bracket is installed, and K is the spring constant for the tension and compression of the vibration-proof stay. In general, in the case of a large-capacity water turbine generator, L is 3 to 4 m and ΔT is about 40 K, and the radial load applied to the concrete foundation of the windway is FR = 1 × per vibration-proof stay. May reach 10 ⁷ N or more. For this reason, the construction cost of the power plant increases because the concrete foundation of the wind passage is sufficiently thick and sufficient strength is required so that the wind passage does not break against the aforementioned radial load. There was a problem.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, absorbs the thermal deformation of the vibration isolating stay by the damping device, and does not apply an excessive load to the concrete foundation of the wind path, and An object of the present invention is to obtain a rotating electrical machine that does not cause an increase in construction cost by making it possible to transmit radial vibrations of a rotor transmitted through a guide bearing during operation.

  A rotating electrical machine according to the present invention includes a guide bearing that supports an upper portion of a rotating shaft provided on an upright shaft, a plurality of vibration isolation stays that are fixed around a bracket that holds the guide bearing, and are arranged radially. A base portion provided so as to surround the anti-vibration stay and supporting the anti-vibration stay, and a radial direction transmitted from the anti-vibration stay provided between the base portion and the radial tip of the anti-vibration stay. And a damping device capable of absorbing thermal deformation and transmitting a vibration load.

  In the present invention, since the damping device is disposed between the base portion and the radial tip of the anti-vibration stay, the damping device absorbs expansion and contraction due to heat and transmits vibration due to the rotational motion of the rotor. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a rotating electrical machine in which excessive stress is not applied to the base portion, and thus the construction cost is not increased.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the figure, a rotor 1 constructed integrally with a rotating shaft 2 of a rotating electrical machine is supported by a thrust bearing 3 provided at a lower portion, connected to a water turbine (not shown) and around a rotation center O. Rotate to. The upper part of the rotating shaft 2 is supported by a guide bearing 4 for supporting the rotor 1 in the radial direction. The guide bearing 4 is held by a bracket 5 that also serves to hold the lubricating oil necessary for lubrication, and is provided radially extending around the bracket 5 so that the radial load acting on the bracket 5 and the weight of the bracket 5 are provided. An anti-vibration stay 6 is fixed to the base portion 7.

  The foundation portion 7 includes a concrete foundation 72 that forms the air passage 71 and a metal base member 73 that is fixed to the concrete foundation 72 and supports the tip portion of the anti-vibration stay 6. Reference numeral 8 denotes, for example, a hydraulic damping device inserted between the radial tip of the vibration isolating stay 6 and the base member 73 constituting the base portion 7, and the damping device 8 includes the vibration isolating stay 6 and the base member 73. Are fixed by fixing means such as bolts not shown.

  Next, the operation of the first embodiment configured as described above will be described. During operation of the rotating electrical machine, for example, in a water turbine generator, the rotor 1 is rotated by the driving force from the water turbine. At this time, a vibration load in the radial direction is generated in the rotor 1 due to heavy imbalance or magnetic imbalance. This radial vibration load is transmitted to the bracket 5 through the guide bearing 4, and is transmitted from the bracket 5 to the foundation portion 7, that is, the base member 73 and the concrete foundation 72 in this example through the anti-vibration stay 6. At this time, if the radial rigidity of the entire structure connected in series from the guide bearing 4 to the concrete foundation 72 is not sufficiently high, the bracket 5 and the rotor 1 are excessively large due to the radial load generated from the rotor 1. Vibration will occur.

  For this reason, it can be said that it is desirable to increase the rigidity of the structure from the guide bearing 4 to the concrete foundation 72 in order to suppress generator vibration during operation. On the other hand, the air temperature in the wind path 71 of the generator varies greatly depending on the season, operating conditions of the rotating electrical machine, and the like. As the air temperature changes from the temperature at which the rotating electrical machine is installed, the anti-vibration stay 6 is thermally deformed, so the anti-vibration stay 6 and the concrete foundation 72 are directly fixed to suppress the generator vibration during operation. In this case, there is no portion that absorbs the thermal deformation of the vibration isolating stay 6, and an excessive thermal load acts on the concrete foundation 72 and the bracket 5 that form the air passage 71. On the other hand, if, for example, a leaf spring is inserted between the anti-vibration stay 6 and the concrete foundation 72 in order to absorb the thermal deformation of the anti-vibration stay 6, the support rigidity of the entire bracket decreases. Generator vibration during operation becomes a problem. As described above, the structure around the bracket is required to have a performance that is contrary to the thermal expansion of the vibration isolating stay 6 during operation of the generator.

In the first embodiment of the present invention, the damping device 8 is inserted between the anti-vibration stay 6 and the base member 73. If the damping constant of the damping device 8 is C, the damping device 8 is generated. The reaction force F is given by the following equation (2).
F = C × V (2)
Here, V is the speed of radial vibration of the anti-vibration stay 6, and a reaction force proportional to the speed is generated. In the above equation (2), the speed V can be regarded as almost zero in the case of a slow movement that deforms about several millimeters in a few hours, such as the thermal elongation of the vibration isolating stay 6, and the reaction from the damping device 8 can be regarded as zero. Little force is generated. On the other hand, a reaction force corresponding to the damping constant C is generated for a vibration load having a speed of about V = 0.01 to 1 mm / s during operation of the rotating electrical machine. Thus, by inserting the damping device 8 between the anti-vibration stay 6 and the base member 73, the load transmitted from the anti-vibration stay 6 to the base portion 7 can be adjusted according to the type of load.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, since the damping device 8 is inserted between the anti-vibration stay 6 and the base portion 7, the damping device 8 generates almost no reaction force during slow thermal deformation. Since the reaction force proportional to the damping constant C can be transmitted to the base portion 7 with respect to the radial load during high speed operation, the base portion 7 can be obtained without deteriorating the vibration of the rotating electric machine during operation. The radial load applied to the can be reduced. For this reason, excessive stress is not applied to the base portion 7, and therefore, there is no need to configure the strength of the base portion 7 to be particularly strong, and a highly reliable rotating electrical machine that does not increase the construction cost is provided. can get.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
The second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the figure, fixed-side blocks 91 are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the portion of the base member 73 that supports the anti-vibration stay 6 and are fixed to the base member 73 by welding. On the other hand, a pair of movable side blocks 92 are disposed on the anti-vibration stay 6 facing the fixed side block 91 and are fixed to the anti-vibration stay 6 by welding. The fixed side block 91 and the movable side block 92 are overlapped on the contact surface B. When the generator is installed, the bracket 5 and the vibration isolating stay 6 are installed so that the center of the guide bearing 4 coincides with the rotation center O of the rotary shaft 2.

  In this state, a radial hole 93 in the radial direction of the rotor 1 whose center is the contact surface B of the fixed block 91 and the movable block 92 is processed. The radial holes 93 are processed in a radial manner so that the rotational center O is accurately directed, and the knock pins 94 are inserted into the radial holes 93. Two knock pins 94 are provided between each of the plurality of anti-vibration stays 6 and the fixing portion 7 and are arranged radially. In addition, 9 is a radial direction expansion-contraction guide member comprised by the said fixed side block 91, the movable side block 92, and the knock pin 94. FIG. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

  Next, the operation of the second embodiment configured as described above will be described. The thermal deformation of the vibration isolating stay 6 occurs as thermal expansion and contraction in the radial direction. However, since the knock pins 94 are provided radially in the radial direction of the rotor 1, the knock pins 94 serve as a guide against these thermal deformations. Function. Further, the knock pins 94 are respectively provided on the plurality of anti-vibration stays 6 and are arranged radially, so that the center of the guide bearing 4 can be prevented from moving.

  As described above, according to the second embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, the radial expansion / contraction guide member 9 is provided between the anti-vibration stay 6 and the base portion 7, thereby preventing the vibration. Even if the thermal expansion and contraction of the vibration stay 6 is repeated, the effect that the center position of the guide bearing 4 can be kept constant is obtained. In the above description, the fixed side block 91 and the movable side block 92 are provided, and the knock pin 94 is provided on the contact surface B of these two blocks 91 and 92. However, the present invention is not limited to this method. Needless to say.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
A third embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 schematically shows the configuration of the attenuation device 8. As shown in the figure, the damping device 8 includes a piston rod 81 fixed to the distal end portion of the vibration isolating stay 6, a partition member 82 fixed to the distal end portion of the piston rod 81 and having an orifice 82 a, and a base member 73. A casing 84 that is fixed and surrounds the partition member 82 and hermetically contains a high-viscosity fluid 83 such as oil; a sealing member 85 provided between the inner peripheral surface of the casing 84 and the outer peripheral surface of the partition member 82; The adjusting member 86 is provided inside the member 82 and adjusts the size of the orifice 82a. The position of the adjusting member 86 can be adjusted from the outside of the damping device 8 (detailed illustration is omitted). ). Further, the high-viscosity fluid 83 in the casing 84 is partitioned into a room 87A and a room 87B by a partition member 82. Since other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

  Next, the operation will be described. When the anti-vibration stay 6 is thermally expanded, the high-viscosity fluid 83 flows from the room 87B to the room 87A through the orifice 82a. The sealing material 85 prevents the high-viscosity fluid 83 from leaking from the outer peripheral portion of the partition member 82. At this time, the attenuation constant C increases as the diameter of the orifice 82a decreases. As described above, according to the third embodiment of the present invention, by adjusting the diameter of the orifice 82a of the partition member 82, the damping constant can be adjusted even after the generator is installed, and the generator vibration state It is possible to obtain an optimum attenuation constant while viewing the above.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the figure, the attenuating device 8 is configured in exactly the same way as in the third embodiment shown in FIG. Reference numeral 10 denotes a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature inside the air passage 71, and reference numeral 11 denotes a controller for adjusting the position of the adjusting member 86 of the damping device 8, that is, the diameter of the orifice 82a, based on the output from the temperature sensor 10. Other configurations are the same as those of the third embodiment.

  The damping device 8 is a device that utilizes fluid resistance generated when a high-viscosity fluid passes through the orifice 82a. Since the viscosity of the high-viscosity fluid changes depending on the temperature, the damping constant C depends on the temperature T of the air passage 71, for example. It changes as shown in FIG. For this reason, when the temperature in the air passage 71 changes and the viscosity of the high-viscosity fluid changes, the damping constant C of the damping device 8 changes and the vibration characteristics of the generator change. For this reason, the temperature T in the air passage 71 is measured by the temperature sensor 10, and the diameter of the orifice 82a in the attenuation device 8 is adjusted by the adjusting member 86 according to the temperature data, so that it is constant even if the temperature changes. Is obtained. Specifically, when the temperature rises, the viscosity of the high-viscosity fluid used decreases, and when the diameter of the orifice 82a is the same, the damping constant C also decreases as shown in FIG. It is controlled by the controller 11 so that the diameter of the orifice 82a is reduced and the attenuation constant C becomes constant.

  As described above, according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the third embodiment, the controller 11 adjusts the orifice by the adjusting member 86 of the damping device 8 according to the temperature T in the air passage 71. Since the diameter of 82a is adjusted, a constant damping constant can be obtained even with respect to the temperature change in the air passage 71, and the vibration characteristics of the generator can be improved.

Embodiment 5 FIG.
The fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In the figure, a casing 84 constituting the damping device 8 is formed with a convex spherical surface 84a facing the base member 73 of the base portion 7, and the base member 73 has a surface facing the damping device 8 having the same diameter. The concave spherical surface 73a is formed, and the spherical surfaces 84a and 73a are in contact with each other and fixed by the welded portion 12. During installation of the generator, an installation error occurs in the vibration isolating stay 6 and the base member 73. For this reason, after adjusting and setting the direction of the damping device 8 so that the damping device 8 and the anti-vibration stay 6 are vertical, the base member 73 and the damping device 8 are welded to be fixed at an accurate position. . Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  As described above, according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, since spherical processing is performed in which the surfaces of the base member 73 and the attenuation device 8 that are in contact with each other are fitted, errors due to installation are absorbed by the spherical portion. be able to. Since the anti-vibration stay 6 and the damping device 8 can be set so as to be surely perpendicular to each other, an excessive load is not applied to the damping device 8 due to the displacement of thermal elongation, and the reliability of the device can be improved. .

Side surface sectional drawing which shows typically the principal part of the rotary electric machine by Embodiment 1 of this invention. The top view which shows typically showing the rotary electric machine of FIG. Side surface sectional drawing which shows typically the principal part of the rotary electric machine by Embodiment 2 of this invention. FIG. 4 is a partially broken side cross-sectional view showing in detail the vicinity of a radially extending and retracting guide member surrounded by a frame IV in FIG. 3. The top view which shows the vicinity of the radial direction expansion-contraction guide member shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 5. Side surface sectional drawing which shows typically the principal part of the rotary electric machine by Embodiment 3 of this invention. Side surface sectional drawing which shows typically the principal part of the rotary electric machine by Embodiment 4 of this invention. The characteristic view which shows the change of the attenuation constant with respect to the temperature of the attenuation device shown in FIG. Side surface sectional drawing which shows typically the principal part of the rotary electric machine by Embodiment 5 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotor, 2 Rotating shaft, 3 Thrust bearing, 4 Guide bearing, 5 Bracket, 6 Anti-vibration stay, 7 Foundation part, 71 Air path, 72 Concrete foundation, 73 Base member, 8 Damping device, 9 Radial direction expansion / contraction guide member 91 fixed side block, 92 movable side block, 93 radial hole, 94 knock pin, 81 piston rod, 82 partition member, 82a orifice, 83 high viscosity fluid, 84 casing, 85 sealing material, 86 adjusting member, 87A, 87B chamber, 10 temperature sensor, 11 controller, 73a, 84a spherical surface, 12 weld, O rotation center.

Claims (5)

  A guide bearing that supports the upper part of the rotating shaft provided on the vertical shaft, a plurality of vibration-proof stays that are fixed around a bracket that holds the guide bearing, and are arranged radially, and surrounds the vibration-proof stays A base that supports the anti-vibration stay, and a vibration load that absorbs the thermal deformation in the radial direction that is provided between the base and the radial tip of the anti-vibration stay. A rotating electrical machine comprising a damping device capable of transmitting electric power.   The radial direction expansion-contraction guide member which guides the expansion-contraction of the radial direction by the heat | fever of the said vibration-proof stay provided in the radial direction between the said vibration-proof stay and the base part was provided. Rotating electric machine.   The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the damping device includes an adjustment member capable of changing a damping constant.   The rotating electrical machine according to claim 3, further comprising: a temperature sensor; and a controller that controls the adjusting member in accordance with a detection signal of the temperature sensor. The damping device has a spherical surface that faces the foundation, and the foundation has a spherical surface with the same diameter that faces the damping device, and these spherical portions abut against each other. The rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the rotating electrical machine is fixed.

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