JP2005076052A - 剛性および強度が向上したチタン合金 - Google Patents
剛性および強度が向上したチタン合金 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】 金属組織中にTiBの微粒子とTiCの微粒子の両方を分散させて含有するチタン合金。つぎの工程により製造する:1)チタン合金の原料と、Cを含む原料およびBを含む原料とを混合し、レビテーション溶解により溶湯を用意して、2)溶湯をガスアトマイズすることによって粉末にし、粉末内部にTiBの微粒子およびTiCの微粒子を十分に分散させ、3)得られた粉末をHIP法により焼結し、4)この焼結体を熱間で鍛造および(または)圧延し、5)熱間加工品を熱処理して固溶化する。続いて、6)時効処理をしてもよい。
【選択図】 図1
Description
(1)チタン合金の原料をレビテーション溶解法により用意し、その溶解時にBを含む原料およびCを含む原料を添加する溶解工程、
(2)得られた溶湯をガスアトマイズすることによって粉末にし、粉末内部にTiBの微粒子およびTiCの微粒子を十分に分散させる粉末化工程、
(3)粉末をHIP法により焼結する焼結工程、
(4)焼結体を鍛造および(または)圧延する熱間加工工程、および
(5)熱間加工品を熱処理する固溶化工程。
(I)Fe:0〜6%、Ni:0〜7%およびSi:0〜2%からなるグループの1種または2種以上
(II)ZrおよびSnからなるグループの1種または2種:0〜4%
(III)Ca,S,PdおよびREMからなるグループの1種または2種以上(2種以上の場合は合計量で):0.01〜3%
Vはチタン合金のβ相安定化元素であり、マトリクスをβ相にして延性を良好にする作用がある。この効果を得るには、少なくとも10%のVを添加する。しかし、Vは高価な材料であるから、多量に添加すると原料コストが高くなる上、時効反応すなわちα相の析出が遅くなって、熱処理に長時間を要するなど、経済的な不利を招くので、24%を添加の上限とする。通常は、13〜23%のV量が好ましい。
Crはチタン合金のβ相マトリクスを固溶強化するのに有効な成分である。この効果を得るためには、少なくとも4%、好ましくは5%を超える量のCrを添加する。ただし、Cr量が過大になると、時効処理の過程で金属間化合物TiCr2の析出を招き、材料を脆くするから、10%以下、好ましくは8%以下の添加量を選ぶ。
Alは時効反応により析出するα相の強化に有効であるから、その効果が得られる1%以上の、適量を選んで添加することが好ましい。一方、過大な量のAlが存在するとTi3Alなどの金属間化合物が析出し、これが靱性を低下させるため、6%以下、好ましくは5%以下の添加量を選ぶ。
Feは、Crと同様にチタン合金のβ相を強化するのに有効な成分である。しかし、多すぎるとTiFeなどの金属間化合物が形成しやすくなって、靱性の低下を生じるようになるため、6%以下、好ましくは5.5%以下の添加量とする。
Niは、CrおよびFeと同様に、チタン合金のβ相を強化するのに有効な成分である。しかし、多すぎるとTiNi2等の金属間化合物が形成しやすくなって、やはり靱性の低下を生じるようになるため、7%以下、好ましくは6%以下の添加量とする。
Siは結晶粒を微細化し、強度を向上させるのに有効な成分であるが、多量にすぎるとシリサイドの析出に起因する延性低下を生じるため、2%以下、好ましくは1.5%以下の添加量を選ぶ。
これらの元素は、いずれもチタン合金のα相およびβ相の両方を固溶強化するのに有効な成分である。しかし、多量に添加しても固溶強化への寄与は飽和してくるので、いずれも4%以下、好ましくは3.5%までの添加に止める。
これらの元素は、Tiと化合物を形成し、それらがチタン合金の被削性を改善する。この効果は、下限値0.01%以上の添加で顕著になる。過大な量を添加すると熱間加工性を損なうので、上限値3%を設けた。
Claims (10)
- 金属組織内にTiBの微粒子およびTiCの微粒子を分散させて含有することにより、剛性および強度が向上したチタン合金。
- 重量%で(以下同じ)、V:10〜24%ならびに、Cr:4〜10%およびAl:1〜6%の一方または両方を含有し、残部が実質上Tiである合金組成を有する請求項1のチタン合金。
- チタン合金が、さらに、Fe:0〜6%、Ni:0〜7%およびSi:0〜2%からなるグループの1種または2種以上を含有し、剛性および強度がさらに向上した請求項1または2のチタン合金。
- チタン合金が、さらに、ZrおよびSnからなるグループの1種または2種:0〜4%を含有し、剛性および強度がさらに向上した請求項1または2のチタン合金。
- チタン合金が、さらに、Ca,S,PdおよびREMからなるグループの1種または2種以上(2種以上の場合は合計量で):0.01〜3%を含有し、被削性が改善された請求項1または2のチタン合金。
- TiBの微粒子およびTiCの微粒子の大きさが、球相当径で30μm以下である請求項1または2のチタン合金。
- 粉末の形態である請求項1ないし6のいずれかのチタン合金。
- 下記の諸工程からなる、剛性および強度が向上したチタン合金素材の製造方法:
(1)チタン合金の原料をレビテーション溶解法により用意し、その溶解時にBを含む原料およびCを含む原料を添加する溶解工程、
(2)得られた溶湯をガスアトマイズすることによって粉末にし、粉末内部にTiBの微粒子およびTiCの微粒子を十分に分散させる粉末化工程
(3)粉末をHIP法により焼結する焼結工程、
(4)焼結体を鍛造および(または)圧延する熱間加工工程、および
(5)熱間加工品を熱処理する固溶化工程。 - 請求項8に記載の諸工程(1)〜(5)に続く下記の工程を付加したチタン合金素材の製造方法:
(6)固溶化を経た熱間加工品を熱処理する時効工程。 - 焼結工程(3)を、静水圧100〜150MPa、温度800〜1200℃、時間0.5〜10hrの条件で実施し、熱間加工工程(4)を、βトランザス以上1100℃以下の温度で実施し、固溶化工程(5)を、βトランザス近傍の温度で実施し、時効工程(6)を実施する場合は、400〜600℃の温度で実施する請求項8または9の製造方法。
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