JP2005074364A - Wood crusher and wood waste recycling system using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wood crusher for manufacturing wood wool which is effectively utilized in extensive applications such as litter in a livestock shed from waste wood such as waste building materials and waste roots, and a waste wood recycling system using the same. <P>SOLUTION: The wood crusher comprises a hopper in which raw waste wood is charged, a pulverization unit which is disposed below the hopper to pulverize raw waste wood, and a screen which is disposed below the pulverization unit to pass the raw waste wood pulverized into a predetermined grain size or under. The pulverization unit comprises a cylindrical drum to be rotated together with a center shaft, a plurality of pedestal parts which are protruded at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction along an outer circumferential surface of the drum and extending in the axial direction of the drum, and a plurality of cutters mounted at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of each pedestal part. The cutters are disposed in a staggered manner at different positions from each other in the longitudinal direction of the pedestal parts at the pedestal parts adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention is effective for a wide range of uses, such as wood waste materials such as building waste and root waste, livestock sheds, marine spilled oil recovery materials, and materials for preventing the melting of artificial snow on ski slopes. The present invention relates to a wood crusher for manufacturing timber and a wood waste material recycling system using the same.

Conventionally, some of the waste wood (woody waste) such as building waste and wood waste discharged from the felling sites of land construction sites, etc., which are discharged due to the dismantling of wooden houses, etc. are usually used effectively as fuel and papermaking raw materials. However, most of them are currently disposed of in landfills.
In particular, eradication has become obligatory to remove stumps after logging, so it cannot be left as it was before and must be removed and disposed of, but eradication is hard. It was difficult to recycle effectively because it was indeterminate and a large amount of earth and sand adhered to it.
In addition, although the method etc. which manufacture a chip material from eradication are also proposed (for example, refer patent document 1), a process is comparatively complicated and manufacturing cost starts, and quality of the chip material obtained is enough. I couldn't say that.

In addition, conventionally, it has been common to place rice straw obtained by drying rice stalks on the floors of livestock sheds such as cows, pigs, chickens, etc. Rice straw that absorbs livestock manure is also used as a good fertilizer.
However, in recent years, the mechanization of agriculture has progressed, and stems are cut by a mowing machine, making it less likely to make and store rice straw, and there is not enough rice straw to lay in livestock sheds. is the current situation.

JP 2002-301709 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and is a waste wood such as abandonment waste from construction wastes and logging sites such as land preparation sites, etc. discharged from the demolition of wooden houses (wood waste) To produce wood wool that can be used for a wide range of purposes, such as for laying livestock sheds, for recovering crude oil from the ocean, and for preventing melting of artificial snow on ski slopes. A wood crusher that can be used and a wood waste material recycling system using the same.

The invention according to claim 1 is a hopper into which raw material for wood waste such as building waste and root waste is charged, a crushing part disposed below the hopper to crush the raw material, and disposed below the crushing part. A wood crusher provided with a screen through which a raw material crushed to a predetermined particle size or less is passed, wherein the crushing part is a cylindrical drum body that rotates with a central axis, and an outer peripheral surface of the drum body And a plurality of pedestal portions protruding in the circumferential direction at a predetermined interval and extending in the axial direction of the drum body, and a plurality of cutters attached at a predetermined interval in the length direction of each pedestal portion, The cutter relates to a wood crusher characterized in that the pedestal portions adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are arranged in a staggered manner so as to be located at different positions in the length direction of the pedestal portion.
The invention according to claim 2 relates to the wood crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutter has a square shape and is attached so that a corner thereof is located at the tip.
In the invention according to claim 3, the adjacent pedestal portions are connected by a plurality of reinforcing members, and the plurality of reinforcing members extend from the center in the length direction of the pedestal portion toward both ends. The wood crusher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wood crusher is provided.
The invention according to claim 4 is a supply conveyor for supplying the raw material to the hopper, a discharge conveyor for transferring the raw material discharged through the screen to the outside, and a motor for driving the central shaft A torque detector for detecting the rotational torque of the motor, and when the torque value detected by the torque detector exceeds a predetermined value, the supply conveyor is stopped and the discharge conveyor is driven, and the predetermined value The wood crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a control device that drives the supply conveyor and stops the discharge conveyor when the following occurs.

The invention according to claim 5 is an impact crusher that applies impact to a wood waste material made of building waste, root waste, etc. to remove impurities such as soil and mortar adhering to the material and to make the material smaller than a certain size. And a wood crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for crushing a raw material taken out from the impact crusher.
The invention according to claim 6 is provided with a magnetic separator having a magnet for removing a metal such as a nail contained in the raw material taken out from the impact crusher. About the system.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the plurality of cutters are arranged at different staggered positions in the pedestal portions adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction in the circumferential direction, the raw material is rotated by the drum body. It is possible to reliably and efficiently crush while moving together. Therefore, it is used for the construction of livestock sheds and the recovery of crude oil spilled from marine wastes (woody waste) such as construction wastes that are emitted by the demolition of wooden houses and timber wastes from logging sites such as land preparation sites. Further, it is possible to efficiently produce high-quality wood wool that can be used for a wide range of applications such as prevention of melting of artificial snow on ski slopes.
According to the invention of claim 2, even if one corner (blade edge) of the cutter becomes worn or damaged and cannot be used, it can be rotated by 90 ° and then reattached for use. It is possible to exert an excellent crushing action over a period four times that of the cutter.
According to the invention of claim 3, the strength of the pedestal portion can be reinforced to prevent breakage, and at the same time, the raw material supplied to the crushing portion is conveyed to the periphery without being biased toward the center, and the drum body It becomes possible to perform the crushing action uniformly and uniformly over the entire surface.
According to the invention which concerns on Claim 4, when the load added to a crushing part becomes excessive, while supply of a raw material is stopped, the transfer discharge of the raw material after crushing continues, and the load added to a crushing part is continued. If it becomes too small, the supply of the raw material is continued, while the transfer and discharge of the raw material after crushing is temporarily stopped, so that the load applied to the apparatus is always kept almost constant and after the crushing The amount of raw material transferred and discharged can also be made substantially constant.

According to the invention according to claim 5, since the impact crusher removes impurities such as soil and mortar attached to the wood waste material made of building waste and root waste, etc., high-quality wood hair with less contamination of impurities Can be manufactured.
According to the invention of claim 6, since metal such as nails contained in building waste is removed before being supplied to the wood crusher, damage to the wood crusher and the like are prevented, and mixing of metal objects is prevented. It becomes possible to produce a high-quality wood wool that does not exist.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a wood crusher and a wood waste recycling system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 is a plan view of a wood crusher according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the wood crusher according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the wood crusher according to the present invention, and FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view.
The wood crusher (1) according to the present invention includes a hopper (2) into which a wood waste material raw material is charged, a crushing part (3) disposed below the hopper (2) and crushing the raw material, and the crushing part And a screen (4) that is disposed below (3) and allows the raw material crushed to a certain particle size or less to pass therethrough.

  In addition, the wood waste material used as a raw material in the present invention is a wood waste such as a construction waste material discharged by the dismantling of a wooden house or a tree root (root waste) from a logging site such as a land preparation site. The present invention makes it possible to obtain, for example, a fibrous material having a thickness of about 3 to 8 mm from such a wooden waste.

  The crushing part (3) of the wood crusher (1) is connected to a motor (10) via a belt and is rotated by driving of the motor (10), and the central axis (5) is a rotation axis. A cylindrical drum body (6) that rotates together with the drum body (6), and a plurality of cylindrical drum bodies (6) that protrude in the circumferential direction along the outer peripheral surface of the drum body (6) and extend in the axial direction of the drum body (6). A pedestal portion (7) and a plurality of cutters (8) attached to each pedestal portion (7) are provided.

  The components of the crushing part (3) are a cylindrical outer shell body (16) provided integrally below the hopper (2) and having an upper end opened so as to communicate with the lower end discharge port of the hopper (2). ) And the lower half of the outer shell (16) is the screen (4) formed of punching metal.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing the pedestal portion (7), and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
The pedestal portion (7) is made of a long metal plate, and as shown in FIG. 5, there are two types, a long one (a) and a short one (b). These are the circumference of the drum body (6). They are provided alternately along the direction.
Each pedestal portion (7) includes a plurality of cutter (blade) attachment portions (71) at equal intervals in the length direction along the upper side thereof.
The cutter mounting portion (71) includes a concave portion (71b) for fitting a cutter formed on one surface side (front side) of the pedestal portion (7), and a bolt for fixing the cutter provided in the concave portion (71b). It has an insertion hole (71a).

7A and 7B are views showing the overall shape of the cutter 8, wherein FIG. 7A is a front view and FIG. 7B is a side view.
The cutter (8) is formed in a square plate shape as viewed from the front as shown in the figure, and the bolt insertion hole (71b) is formed at the center when the cutter (8) is attached to the cutter attachment portion (71) of the pedestal portion (7). A through hole (81) is provided that matches with the above. Although the magnitude | size (length of one side of the surface side) of a cutter (8) is not specifically limited, For example, it is preferable to set it as the range of 5-10 cm. However, it can be less than 5 cm or more than 10 cm.
Further, the upper, lower, left and right surfaces are tapered surfaces having an inclination angle of 15 °, whereby the area of the square on the back side is slightly smaller than the area of the square on the front side.
The cutter (8) having such a shape is positioned so that its one corner protrudes upward from the recess (71a) and is positioned at the tip, as shown by a one-dot chain line at the right end of FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b). Are attached to the cutter attachment portion (71).

  When the cutter (8) attached in this way is driven, only one corner (blade edge) of the square cutter (8) in front view comes into contact with the raw material to exert the crushing action, and the remaining 3 The two corners (blade edges) do not touch the raw material at all. Therefore, when one corner (blade edge) becomes worn or damaged and can no longer be used, the cutter (8) is once removed, rotated 90 ° and then reattached, thereby exhibiting an excellent crushing action again. It becomes possible. And since there are a total of four corners (blade edges) for each cutter (8), it is possible to exert an excellent crushing action over a period four times that of a normal cutter with one cutter.

FIG. 8 is a side view of the drum body (6), and the pedestal portion (7) is provided at regular intervals along the outer peripheral surface of the drum body (6) as shown in the figure. A cutter (8) is attached to each of the cutter attachment portions (71).
In the present invention, the number of the pedestal portions (7) provided on the drum body (6) is 16 in the illustrated example, but is not limited to this number, for example, in the range of 16 to 32. It can be 15 or less or 33 or more.
In addition, the number of cutters (8) attached to one pedestal portion (7) is not particularly limited as long as the cutter (8) is arranged over the entire length of the drum body (6). It can be in the range of 6 to 10, and can be 5 or less, or 11 or more.
The number of cutters (8) can be changed according to the size of the cutter. When the cutter (8) is made larger, the number can be reduced, and when it is made smaller, the number can be increased. It is preferable to reduce the cutter and increase the number.

When the above-described two types of pedestal portions (7) are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction of the drum body (6), different types of pedestal portions (7) adjacent to each other are shown in FIG. Such a positional relationship, that is, the cutter mounting portion (71) is arranged at a different position in the length direction of the pedestal portion (7).
In other words, it is arranged in a staggered manner so that the cutter mounting portion (71) of the other pedestal portion (7) is located between the cutter mounting portions (71) of one pedestal portion (7).
Thereby, the cutter (8) has different positions (staggered positions) in the length direction of the pedestal portion (7) in the pedestal portion (7) adjacent in the circumferential direction on the surface of the drum body (6). Therefore, the raw material can be reliably and efficiently crushed while being moved along with the rotation of the drum body (6).

Adjacent pedestals (7) are connected by a plurality of reinforcing members (9) as shown in FIG. Actually, each pedestal portion (7) is attached to the surface of the drum body (6), that is, a curved surface, but in FIG. 9, the surface of the drum body (6) is shown in a flat state. Yes. These reinforcing members (9) are also shown in a simplified manner in FIG.
As shown in the drawing, these reinforcing members (9) are provided obliquely so as to extend from the center in the length direction of the pedestal portion (7) to the left and right sides.
As a result, the charged raw material is transported to the periphery without being biased toward the center position, so that the crushing operation can be performed uniformly and efficiently over the entire surface of the drum body (6).

In the crushing part (3), the wood waste material that has fallen from the hopper (2) is finely crushed by a large number of rotating cutters (8) into a thin fibrous form.
And the fibrous wood waste material which became below a predetermined magnitude | size passes through the hole of a screen (4), and falls naturally downward. The hole diameter of the screen (4) can be set to 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, etc., for example. When the raw material wood is dry, use a screen (4) with a relatively small hole diameter, and when the raw material such as devolatilized is wet, use a screen with a relatively large hole diameter (4) Prevent clogging.
Below the screen (4), there is provided a discharge chute (11) having a tapered shape that tapers downward, and the fibrous wood waste material that has passed through the screen (4) passes through the discharge chute (11). It is discharged to the outside through.

  In the wood crusher (1) according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 10, it passes through a supply conveyor (12) for supplying raw materials to the hopper (2), a screen (4) and a discharge chute (11). A discharge conveyor (13) for transferring the discharged material to the outside, a torque detector (14) for detecting the rotational torque of the motor (10) for driving the central shaft (5), and the torque detector A control device (15) for controlling driving of the conveyors (12) and (13) based on the torque value detected in (14) can be provided.

The control device (15) stops the supply conveyor (12) and drives the discharge conveyor (13) when the torque value detected by the torque detector (14) exceeds a predetermined value, and the predetermined value or less. At this time, the supply conveyor (12) is driven and the discharge conveyor (13) is stopped.
Thereby, when the load applied to the crushing part (3) of the wood crusher (1) becomes excessive, the supply of the raw material is stopped, while the transporting and discharging of the raw material after crushing continues, and the crushing part (3 When the load applied to) becomes too small, the supply of the raw material is continued, while the transfer and discharge of the raw material after crushing is temporarily stopped, so the load applied to the apparatus is always kept almost constant. However, the amount of transferred material discharged after crushing can also be made substantially constant.

FIG. 11 is a flow sheet showing a preferred embodiment of the wood waste recycling system according to the present invention.
In the wood waste material recycling system according to the present invention, the wood crusher (1) having the above-described configuration is subjected to an impact on the wood waste material raw material composed of building waste material, root waste, etc., and the soil or mortar adhered to the raw material. An impact crusher (20) that removes impurities such as the size of the raw material to a certain size or less is provided. And the raw material made into the size below a fixed value by this impact crusher (20) is supplied to the hopper (2) of a wood crusher (1).

  The impact crusher (20) used in the system according to the present invention has a conventionally known structure, and a plurality of striking plates (23) are mounted in a crushing chamber (22) surrounded by a casing (21). And the two impingement plates (25) and (26) provided above the rotary rotor (24). In the illustrated example, six striking plates are provided. (23) are attached at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotary rotor (24).

  In the impact crusher (20), the raw material charged from the supply port (27) provided in the upper part of the crushing chamber (22) is subjected to a striking action by the striking plate (23) of the rotating rotor (24) that rotates at high speed. Upon receipt, the material is crushed, and further collides with the collision plates (25) and (26) to be crushed, and impurities such as soil and mortar attached to the raw material are removed by the impact during the crushing.

  As described above, in the system according to the present invention, the impact crusher (20) removes impurities such as soil and mortar adhering to the wood waste material composed of building waste and root waste, and then further crushes with the wood crusher. As a result, it becomes possible to finally manufacture high-quality wood wool with less impurities.

In addition, the system according to the present invention can include a magnetic separator (30) having a magnet for removing a metal such as a nail contained in the raw material taken out from the impact crusher (20).
By providing such a magnetic separator (30), metal such as nails contained in building waste is removed before being supplied to the wood crusher, so that damage to the wood crusher and the like can be prevented. It becomes possible to produce high-quality wood wool that does not contain any objects.
It should be noted that nails or the like that cannot be removed by the magnetic force sorting device (30) may be visually checked and pulled out by hand.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to produce wood wool that can be used for a wide range of purposes, such as for laying livestock sheds, for recovering offshore crude oil, and for preventing melting of artificial snow on ski slopes.

It is a top view of the wood crusher concerning the present invention. It is a front view of the wood crusher concerning the present invention. It is a cross-sectional view of a wood crusher according to the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the wood crusher which concerns on this invention. It is a front view which shows a base part. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is a figure which shows the whole shape of a cutter, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view. It is a side view of a drum body. It is a figure which shows the reinforcing material which connects adjacent base parts. It is a figure which shows the structure which provided the supply conveyor, the discharge conveyor, the torque detector, and the control apparatus in the wood crusher which concerns on this invention. It is a flow sheet which shows suitable embodiment of the wood waste material recycling system concerning the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wood crusher 2 Hopper 3 Crushing part 4 Screen 5 Center shaft 6 Drum body 7 Base part 8 Cutter 9 Reinforcement material 10 Motor 12 Supply conveyor 13 Discharge conveyor 14 Torque detector 15 Control apparatus 20 Impact crusher 30 Magnetic force sorter

Claims (6)

  A hopper into which wood waste materials such as building waste and root waste are input, a crushing portion disposed below the hopper to crush the raw material, and disposed below the crushing portion to be equal to or less than a certain particle size. A wood crusher comprising a screen through which the crushed raw material passes, wherein the crushing portion has a cylindrical drum body that rotates together with a central axis, and a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction along the outer peripheral surface of the drum body. And a plurality of pedestal portions extending in the axial direction of the drum body, and a plurality of cutters attached at predetermined intervals in the length direction of each pedestal portion, and the cutters are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. A wood crusher characterized in that the pedestal portion is arranged in a staggered manner so as to be located at different positions in the length direction of the pedestal portion.   2. The wood crusher according to claim 1, wherein the cutter has a square shape and is attached so that a corner portion thereof is located at a tip.   The adjacent pedestal portions are connected to each other by a plurality of reinforcing materials, and the plurality of reinforcing materials are arranged so as to spread from the center in the length direction of the pedestal portions toward both ends. The wood crusher according to claim 1 or 2.   Torque detection for detecting rotational torque of a supply conveyor for supplying the raw material to the hopper, a discharge conveyor for transferring the raw material discharged through the screen to the outside, and a motor for driving the central shaft And the supply conveyor is stopped when the torque value detected by the torque detector is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, and the discharge conveyor is driven. The wood crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a control device that stops driving the conveyor and stops the discharge conveyor.   An impact crusher that impacts the raw material of wood waste consisting of building waste, root waste, etc., removes impurities such as soil and mortar attached to the raw material and makes the raw material smaller than a certain size, A wood waste material recycling system comprising the wood crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for crushing raw materials.   6. The wood waste material recycling system according to claim 5, further comprising a magnetic separator having a magnet for removing a metal such as a nail contained in the raw material taken out from the impact crusher.

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