JP2002221444A - Resonance separating device for sound and vibration - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device that immediately separates sounds and vibrations including various frequencies using the resonance of plural oscillators, i.e., to provide an auditory device model and an artificial auditory organ that immediately carry out the Fourier transform being carried out in an auditory organ of an animal. SOLUTION: The oscillators 1-20 have various natural frequencies. The sound is input into a main device through a microphone converting the sound into electric signals, amplified and controlled by an electronic circuit 28, and output from a vibration converting device such as a speaker 24. The sound is converted into amplified longitudinal vibration, and a rigid body 21 is vibrated in the vertical direction. The vibration is transmitted to the oscillators 1-20 with various natural frequencies fixed to the rigid body, and only the oscillator corresponding to the frequency of the vibration is vibrated. As an application example, the artificial auditory organ is made by using a ceramic piezoelectric element as the oscillator and employing an electronic circuit for adjusting sensibility that adjusts the sensibility of the frequency separation. The sound data to be analyzed can be immediately converted into the electric signals like the auditory organ.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the production and use of an apparatus for separating vibrations such as voice, music, noise, etc., and detecting a number of vibrations corresponding to the frequencies.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, resonating vibration in a "cantilever beam" has been completed as a fundamental theory in physics and engineering. However, a device that has a number of resonance oscillators having a frequency of 100 to 400 Hz, which is a frequency band of a human voice, or a frequency other than that, separates voices and music by resonance, and instantaneously detects a vibration component is a conventional device. Not in

[0003]

The frequency separation of "sound" has been conventionally performed by displaying it on a display or an indicator by a Fourier transform by a computer or a resonance / filter circuit by an electronic circuit. There are various other methods, but indirect methods by calculation or electronic circuits.

According to the present invention, the vibration of a sound transmitted with time can be instantaneously separated. This is a direct method of separating "sound" and "vibration" into frequency components by resonance vibration, and is similar to the mechanism of animal hearing. Therefore, the present invention can be used as a model of the auditory organ itself, as an execution model of the Fourier transform that is a mathematical theory, as a teaching material or decoration using new educational or emotional effects, or even as a piezoelectric device. It is intended to be used as an artificial hearing organ by using an element or the like for a vibrator.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems A device composed of a rigid body and a plurality of elastic vibrators is created, and when vibration is transmitted to the rigid body, sound and vibration are separated into frequency components by resonance of each vibrator. it can. For the vibrator, a piano wire, a plastic fiber or a ceramic piezoelectric element is used. This device is a resonance vibration separator.

[0006] Depending on the material and shape of the vibrator, a large-sized resonant vibration separator can be manufactured from a small one. When the sound pressure of ordinary speech is received by the plane at the bottom of the paper cup and the vibration is transmitted to a small resonant vibration separator, the vibrator responds. It is hard to be visible vibration. Then, when the sound input by a microphone or the like is amplified and transmitted to the resonance vibration separator, the sound is converted into vibration of large energy, and can be made visible vibration.

When a piezoelectric element or the like is used for each vibrator of the resonance vibration separator, the vibration causes distortion due to bending, and the distortion is converted into an electric signal. If a circuit for amplifying and controlling the signal is arranged for each transducer and incorporated in the resonance vibration separator, a small artificial hearing organ can be obtained. Controlling the gain refers to adjusting the sensitivity of the transducer, thereby providing an artificial hearing device for the computer.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 shows a main body of the sound resonance separating apparatus. The vibrators 1 to 20 are vibrators having various natural vibrations. The vibration of the sound is converted from a microphone into an electric signal. When the vibration is input to the device from the microphone input terminal 27, the electronic circuit 28 controls the amplification. Further, the electric signal is output to a vibration generator (speaker) 24, and the vibration of the sound becomes amplified longitudinal vibration, and vibrates the rigid body 21 in a vertical direction. The vibration is transmitted to vibrators 1 to 20 having a natural vibration fixed to a rigid body,
Only the vibrator corresponding to the frequency of the vibration vibrates. The volume knob 25 is provided for adjusting the magnitude of the vibration. The frequency control knob controls the transmission frequency of the sine wave.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a resonance separator joined to a speaker. The natural frequency differs depending on the Young's modulus, cross-sectional area, length, and linear density of the material. For example, from 50Hz to 2
Twenty vibrators are fixed to the rigid body 21 every 10 Hz up to 50 Hz. The rigid body 21 is preferably light and strong. For example, wood, acrylic tubes, and aluminum tubes.

A vibration resonator is directly fixed to the center of vibration of a piezoelectric element or a speaker as a vibration generator. If the speaker is a speaker, use a lightweight fixed base 2 at the center of vibration if it is a speaker.
3 is adhered. The vibration resonator is joined to the fixed base 23 so that the load of the weight or other force is reduced, and the vibration resonator is not deviated or fallen by friction even when the vibration is transmitted.

In the case of a large vibrator that can be seen from a distance, the vibrator may be suspended from above so as not to apply too much load to the main body of the vibration generator such as a speaker. Then, the joint with the vibration generator (speaker) is made strong. (For example, a nut is fixed to a fixed base and a rigid portion of the vibration resonator is fixed as a bolt.) Also, since this device is made to observe the resonance vibration of sound, it is often necessary to suppress the volume. In that case, for example, a speaker is cut off a part of the cone.

A block diagram 32 of the main body of FIG. 4 corresponds to the electronic circuit 28 of FIG. 2, and a block diagram 39 of wireless input / output includes a FM transmitter 40 and an FM receiver 41 for inputting sound from a distance. Circuits were also added. Controlling and amplifying circuit 3 that adjusts the sensitivity of resonance vibration from low vibration to high-frequency range as required
8 is added. Further, low frequency oscillators 36 and 37 for outputting a sine curve are added to the circuit for experiments and applications requiring accuracy.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show examples of another type of resonance vibration separator for interior decoration. The vibrator of FIG. 5 is shaped like a swallowtail butterfly, and FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional view of the vibrator.

FIG. 7 shows a resonance vibration separator 43 using a number of ceramic piezoelectric elements 42. FIG. 8 is a system block diagram of an artificial hearing aid comprising a sensitivity adjustment electronic circuit 44 for adjusting the detection sensitivity of frequency separation of sound and a computer 47 for controlling the sensitivity adjustment electronic circuit.

【Example】

The theory and experimental values of the vibration resonator are shown below.
It has been clarified in the field of physics and vibration engineering as a so-called vibration theory. The book referred to is 132 pages of vibration theory by Kyohei Kondo, "Basic Engineering". (ISBN4-563
-03478-9 C3053P4429E) According to the theory of the "cantilever" of this vibration theory, "the length L of the vibrator is proportional to the reciprocal of the square of the frequency f." Become.

[0016]

(Equation 1) (F frequency E yank ratio I cross section μ linear density L needle length λ is a constant of vibration mode λ = 1.875, 4.
694, 7.855, 10.996,...)

[0017]

(Equation 2) Becomes That is, the length L of the vibrator is proportional to the reciprocal of the square root of the frequency as described below.

[0018]

(Equation 3)

Based on this theory, a resonance vibration separator is created to make the phenomenon of frequency separation of sound visible in an actual device. Before the preparation, a plurality of piano wires were prepared and measured to obtain data. When the length of the piano wire and the measured value of the resonance vibration are regression-analyzed and graphed, it becomes a straight line, which is the same as the above theory. The piano wire used was JIS G3522.

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of the experiment. Forty piano wires having a diameter of 0.3 mm were fixed to forty rigid wires made of 20 mm to 45 mm and measured. The measurement points are plotted and a regression line is displayed. When such basic data is analyzed, the relationship between the resonance frequency of the vibrator and the length of the vibrator according to the material can be calculated from the regression analysis.

The results are summarized in Table 1. In addition, in Table 1, in addition to the above, piano wires of 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm and 0.0 mm
It also includes data for resin fibers of 5 mm, 1.5 mm, and 0.5 mm. The data in the table was obtained as follows. About 20 of each material were prepared and measured. When the data was regression-analyzed, it was almost as theoretical, and became a straight line as in FIG. Table 1 shows the correspondence between the frequency and the length of the vibrator based on the results of the regression analysis. On the far right is a 0.5 mm optical resin fiber. Made the length of the vibrator correspond to the frequency of the scale according to just intonation used in music.

[0022]

[Table 1]

The case of producing a slightly larger device will be described in more detail. As a rigid body that transmits vibration to the vibrator,
For example, a wooden round bar, an aluminum tube, or an acrylic tube is used.
Holes for fixing the vibrator to these rigid bodies are cut at equal intervals using a drilling machine or the like. Vibrators are fitted in the holes at equal intervals in the order of length and fixed with resin or the like to form a vibration receiver. Examples of the vibrator include a piano wire and a resin fiber.

The sound pressure of ordinary speech is not large enough to sufficiently resonate the vibrator of this large vibration receiving resonator. Therefore, a device for amplifying the vibration while receiving the sound pressure and transmitting the vibration to the vibration receiving resonator is added. The sound is input from a microphone, passes through a circuit for amplification and control, is amplified from a vibration conversion device (speaker), and is transmitted to a vibration receiving resonator.

The general vibration sensitivity of a vibrator depends on its vibration band. If the bass is low, the resonance sensitivity of the vibrator is
For example, a natural frequency of a piano wire having a diameter of 0.3 mm is 30H.
If it is z, it will vibrate up to 1 Hz before and after it, but it will resonate up to 5-10 Hz before and after 200 Hz to 400 Hz, which is a higher tone. Thus, the resonance frequency of the vibrator must be set in consideration of the fact that the sensitivity width of the resonance vibration varies depending on the vibration band. It is also taken into consideration that the degree of the swing angle and the width of the resonance vibration differs depending on the band. In particular, the vibrator resonates well due to low vibration and tends to vibrate greatly,
The higher the pitch, the shorter the length of the vibrator, making it difficult to vibrate at a visible level. In order to make even the treble visible, a circuit that outputs so as to increase the energy in the treble band may be designed.

[0026]

As described above, the present invention is a device for simultaneously capturing sound stimulation by hearing and sight, and thus has the following effects.

A person listens to the heart sounds of his mother when he is a fetus, and lives from birth surrounded by various sounds. It also sends and receives voice as a means of communication. Furthermore, it is deeply involved in our lives as "music" that stimulates sensitivity. For humans in such an environment, the intellect can only directly and instantly react to the vibrator, intuitively understand that the sound consists of various vibrations, and enjoy the appearance of responding to various sounds. It has a great effect on the sensibility and is useful in various situations. An example is shown below.

The present invention can be used as a low-frequency confirmation device or a low-vibration detection device that cannot be heard by humans. When the vibrator of the vibration resonator of this device is manufactured in accordance with a low vibration frequency that cannot be heard by humans, a low vibration detector is obtained. For example, when a structure such as a heavy truck moves in a region where the ground is weak due to movement of a truck, or when it is necessary to know the vibration and frequency transmitted by a vibrating body such as an air conditioner to the structure, Can be used as a detection device. Adjust the length and thickness of the vibrator according to the target frequency, and
A vibrator having a natural vibration of about z is attached. In order to reliably detect the frequency, it is necessary to narrow the pitch of the vibrator at a low frequency of 30 Hz or less, for example, to make the frequency interval smaller than 2 Hz. In the case of low vibration, since the sensitivity of the vibrator itself is high, it is possible to detect even the resonance separator alone, and an electric circuit for amplification may not be required in some cases.

There is an effect as a teaching material in the field of science physics "waves" and the field of biological sciences "hearing". When used for a scientific experiment, the transmitter 36 is provided in the electronic circuit control section. The transmitter uses a type that outputs a clean sine curve and controls the output frequency. Take out the output terminal,
When combined with a frequency counter, it is possible to determine the resonance frequency of the vibrator of the resonance separator with respect to the frequency of the controlled and transmitted sound.

The present invention is useful as an accessory of an audio device that allows the user to enjoy watching the reaction of sound. For example, the vibrator in FIG. 5 is shaped like a swallowtail butterfly, and FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional view thereof. Some audio devices are already equipped with a device that indicates the intensity of the sound for each band with a light emitting diode or the like. However, different effects can be obtained with this device. For example, when the size is increased, it becomes visible from a distance. To do so, use thick piano wire or resin fiber.
Also make it stand out in bright colors.

The present invention is useful as a toy that responds to sounds and voices emitted by children. Being able to directly observe the results of infants working with the outside world using sounds and voices emitted by themselves contributes to the development of infants in the process of growth. It can be used as a toy by selecting the number and material of transducers and adding safety design. In addition, since it is for indoor use, devising noise reduction. In the case of a speaker, it is effective to remove a part of the cone.

The present invention is useful as an upholstery for enjoying music and sound with eyes. The length of the vibrator responding to each frequency shows a mathematically beautiful curve. By fixing the position and orientation of the vibrator so that the human cochlea is composed of a spiral body, you can enjoy the sound and music signals by reacting the sound from the output terminal of the TV / radio to the vibrator. In addition, it can be used with enhanced value as interior decoration.

The present invention is useful as a device for introducing hearing understanding and vocal training for a person who has a hearing or vocal organ injury. A device capable of visually confirming vibration at each frequency can be used as a device for introducing vocal exercises even for people with impaired hearing or vocal organs, to promote understanding of the auditory organs. The interval between the resonance vibrations of the piano wire is reduced, and the vibrators are arranged so that the response to all frequencies is visible. Also, to improve the accuracy, the vibration frequency is adjusted after creating and assembling the device. For this reason, a transmitter is provided in the circuit and an external output terminal is attached in the same manner as in the science experiment device. The natural frequency can be adjusted by shaving the piano wire to increase the frequency or by applying paint to increase the mass and lowering the frequency.

This is useful as an actual model experiment apparatus for performing a Fourier transform. Fast Fourier transform by a computer calculates frequency, amplitude and phase components, but this device can directly observe the sound and simultaneously observe the sound while performing Fourier transform by vibrator vibrating directly.

In order to produce a resonance separator which responds to a higher tone, for example, in the case of a device which responds to a higher tone of 800 Hz or more, if a piano wire of 0.3 mm or less or a rigid thin resin fiber is used, it responds to the higher tone. Can create devices. The vibrator is not limited to the piano wire but may be an elastic fiber. In the case of a synthetic fiber having a rigidity of 0.1 mm or less, ten or more vibrators having a length of about 10 mm to 2 mm are arranged. You can see it reacting to the vibration of the sound and separating. However, it is quite small as a visual device. In this case, as an example of a rigid body that transmits vibration, it can be made of wood about the same axis as a toothpick or a match.

The method of reacting to a sound or vibration signal from a distance can also provide various effects. In order to transmit sound or vibration at a distant place to the resonance separating apparatus, there is a method in which sound is transmitted by radio waves from the FM transmitting circuit 40, received by the FM receiving circuit 41, and the signal is transmitted to the resonance separating apparatus. Thus, the sound and vibration input device and the resonance separating device can be moved independently. If each is operated with batteries, it will be easier to handle.
It is simpler and more effective as an educational device or as a toy, as an accessory for an audio device or as an upholstery.

It is useful as an artificial hearing organ. 2. Description of the Related Art Due to the development of computers, AD conversion of a signal input from a microphone and language analysis by computer processing have been developed by various methods. However, it is difficult to solve the problem of "listening" that is usually done by computer processing of an input signal from a conventional microphone.

To solve this problem, the following resonance vibration separator is prepared. A resonance vibration separator 43 including a number of ceramic piezoelectric elements 42 detects the resonance frequency as a voltage. Further, by adding a sensitivity adjusting electronic circuit 44 which can adjust the detection sensitivity of frequency separation to each of the vibrators so that the sensitivity can be adjusted by external control, the sensitivity is increased only to the frequency component of the other party's voice, or By cutting other frequency components, it becomes possible to collect only information on selected sounds such as speech.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a regression line with 40 measurement points from an experiment.

FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional view of an apparatus main body.

FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view of a vibration resonator joined to a fixed base on the vibration generator.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an electronic circuit.

FIG. 5 shows another example of a vibrator attached in the shape of a black swallowtail.

6 is a three-dimensional view when the vibrator of FIG. 5 is actually fixed.

FIG. 7 is a structural view of a resonance vibration separator using a ceramic piezoelectric element.

FIG. 8 is a system block diagram of an artificial hearing device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1-20, 29, 31 Vibrator 21 Rigid body (material with less distortion due to stress) 22 Joint 23 Fixed base 24 Vibration generator (speaker) 25 Volume knob (drives electronic circuit) 26 Frequency control knob (electronic circuit) 27 Microphone input terminal 28 Electronic circuit board 30 Fixing plate 32 Body block diagram 33, 34, 45 External input microphone 36, 37 Low frequency oscillator (sine curve output) 38 Input signal control / amplification circuit 39 Wireless input / output Block diagram 40 FM transmission conversion circuit 41 FM reception conversion circuit 42 Piezoelectric element 43 Resonance vibration separator using piezoelectric element 44 Sensitivity adjustment electronic circuit 46 Vibration amplification circuit and vibration amplification device 47 Computer

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) a rigid body having less distortion due to stress;
A vibration resonator that is composed of a plurality of vibrators made of an elastic body and that separates the transmitted vibration into frequency components by resonating with the vibrators. 2. A circuit for converting vibration such as voice, music, noise, etc. into an electric signal, amplifying a specific band, controlling and adjusting the electric signal, and transmitting the controlled electric signal to a vibration resonator to be visible. A vibration resonance separation device that separates vibrations. 3. A vibration resonance separating apparatus comprising an electronic circuit for converting a distortion caused by vibration of each vibrator of a vibration resonator into an electric signal and controlling and adjusting the signal.