JP2001008637A - Feed for domestic livestock - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a feed for domestic livestock effective for improving the appetite, exhibiting an effect for maintaining the quantity of milk secretion as well as suppressing the lowering of body weight and useful for dairy cattle, etc. by including a seaweed, an organic acid and vitamin B as essential components. SOLUTION: This feed contains (A) a seaweed such as sea lettuce (a kind of green algae) or brown algae, (B) an organic acid such as citric acid or brewed vinegar and (C) vitamin B consisting of calcium pantothenate, nicotinic acid, pyridoxine hydrochloride or their mixture as essential components. Preferably, the weight ratios of the essential components (A:B:C) are (8.5-5.0):(2.0-0.5):(0.25-0.1), the weight ratios of A:B:calcium pantothenate are (8.5-5.0):(1.0-0.4):(0.10-0.05) and the weight ratios of A:B:nicotinic acid are (8.5-5.0):(1.0-0.4):(0.10-0.03).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a feed for livestock, and more particularly to a feed which works on the nutritional metabolism of livestock, especially dairy cows and beef cattle, to improve productivity.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In cattle that have become obese due to excessive energy intake from late lactation to dry milk, metabolic diseases such as so-called perinatal diseases, such as ketosis, fatty liver disease, postpartum inability to stand, and placental stagnation. Reproductive disorders such as dystocia occur frequently from postpartum to the highest lactation period. For this reason, ordinary dairy farmers keep cows lean and increase their energy intake rapidly after calving, but fatty liver due to digestive disorders such as anorexia, food stasis, and bloat, and nutritional disorders. Illness, poor seeding, etc. Such diseases caused by the imbalance in nutritional energy before and after calving are regarded as dairy cow production diseases. On the other hand, conventionally, seaweed and vitamin B have been used as feed to improve the appetite of cattle.
It has been proposed to feed groups or organic acids individually or in mixtures. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-23116 discloses a feed for preventing milk fever, which contains seaweed as an active ingredient.
JP-A-6-225706 discloses that a feed containing citric acid or vitamin as an active ingredient is supplied for improving digestibility. JP-A-7-67548 discloses a feed containing vinegar and vitamin B as active ingredients to impart disease resistance and improve meat quality. Also, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-24849
No. 6 discloses a feed for improving beef production containing vinegar and acetic acid as active ingredients. However, even with these feeds, rapid loss of body weight, rapid loss of milk and body weight after the maximum lactation period cannot be suppressed, and ketosis, prevention of fatty liver, and rapid body weight loss are associated with metabolic diseases. Loss of appetite,
It was difficult to control milk quality deterioration.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a feed for livestock which improves appetite and exerts effects on both the maintenance of milk production and the reduction of weight loss.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have proposed acetic acid,
The addition of an organic acid such as citric acid suppresses the decrease in salivary secretion caused by the decrease in rumen pH, which occurs when a concentrated feed is fed, and maintains the activity of gastric microorganisms by the nutrition of seaweed minerals and polysaccharides. In addition to nutritionally helping the liver to handle excess free fatty acids, vitamin B is thought to be effective in inhibiting apoprotein synthesis, which is said to be one of the causes of fatty liver. It has been found that the above objects can be achieved by combining these as feed components, and the present invention has been completed. Feeds combining these components have not been previously reported.

That is, the present invention provides livestock feed comprising seaweed, organic acid and vitamin B as essential components, and in particular, the weight ratio of the essential components is seaweed: organic acid: vitamin B = 8.5. -5.0: 2.0-0.5: 0.25
飼料 0.1 is provided. The feed of the present invention is useful for maintaining and increasing appetite, suppressing a rapid decrease in body weight, maintaining milk yield, maintaining and improving milk quality, preventing metabolic diseases, and the like,
For example, dairy cows are fed for two months after parturition, and beef cows have an improvement in appetite from the breeding period to the introduction period, and are effective in both maintaining milk production and decreasing the rate of weight loss.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Seaweed used as an essential component of the feed of the present invention is a hidden flower plant that grows by autotroph and breeds with spores, including green algae, brown algae and red algae. In particular, the green alga Ulsa (Ulva genus) that thrives in the ocean, and the brown algae (Durvillea genus, Ecklonia genus, Fucus
Genus, Hizikia, Laminaria, Macrocystis, Sargass
um, Undaria, Red algae (Chondrus, Gelidium, G
genus igartina, genus Hypnea, genus Porphyra), and particularly preferred is Ascophyllum nodosum, which is a brown algae of the order Himata. The seaweed can be used in the form of a dry pulverized product, a hydrolyzate or the like. Also, polysaccharides (eg, alginic acid, carrageenan, agar) extracted from these seaweeds and extraction residues may be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. From the viewpoint of handling and the like and ingestion of livestock, it is preferable to use seaweed that is thoroughly washed with water, dried, pulverized, and has a particle size of 200 to 6 mesh.

The organic acids used include various carboxylic acids, for example, citric acid, isocitric acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, which are organic acids involved in the Krebs cycle involved in the metabolism of living organisms, and are involved in living organisms. Organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, and gluconic acid are included, and they can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Particularly, citric acid and acetic acid are preferable, and it is also preferable to use brewed vinegar as acetic acid. Vitamin B includes calcium pantothenate, nicotinic acid, pyridoxine hydrochloride or mixtures thereof.

In the feed of the present invention, the weight ratio of these essential components is seaweed: organic acid: vitamin B = 8.
It is preferable to contain at a ratio of 5 to 5.0: 2.0 to 0.5: 0.25 to 0.1. More preferably, the seaweed, the organic acid and the calcium pantothenate are used in the form of seaweed: organic acid: calcium pantothenate = 8.5-5.
0: 1.0 to 0.4: 0.10 to 0.05 in weight ratio, containing seaweed, organic acid and nicotinic acid,
Organic acid: nicotinic acid = 8.5 to 5.0: 1.0 to 0.
4: 0.10 to 0.03 in a weight ratio, or seaweed, organic acid and pyridoxine hydrochloride, seaweed: organic acid: pyridoxine hydrochloride = 8.5 to 5.0: 1.0 to 1.0
It is preferable to contain them in a weight ratio of 0.4: 0.05 to 0.02.

The feed of the present invention can be prepared by mixing these essential components at a predetermined ratio and, if necessary, adding other feed additives to obtain a solid or liquid feed by a method known per se. it can. If necessary, it may be used in combination with other feeds or veterinary drugs.

[0010] The target animals include cows, horses, pigs, sheep, goats, chickens, quails, dogs, cats, and mice, especially cattle (dairy cows, beef cattle), pigs, and chickens (layers, broilers). It becomes a suitable feed for them. The feed of the present invention can be fed to these target animals in the same manner as a normal feed, and maintains / increases appetite, suppresses a rapid decrease in body weight, milk yield, maintains and improves milk quality,
The prevention of metabolic diseases can be performed.

[0011]

EXAMPLES Example 1 Dry powder (70 mesh) of brown algae (Ascophyllum nodosam, Hibamata), organic acids (3: 1 mixture of citric acid and brewed vinegar) and vitamin B group (calcium pantothenate, nicotinic acid and Pyridoxine hydrochloride 4:
2.5: 1 mixture) at a weight ratio of 7.85: 2.
The mixture was mixed well at a ratio of 0: 0.15 according to a conventional method to obtain a feed of the present invention. Using this feed, dairy cow rearing experiments were conducted to examine the effect of improving appetite and changes in milk yield, milk quality, and body weight (body condition). Target farmers: O ranch in Iwate Prefecture Number of animals: 10 each for test and control groups Feed content: roughage 10.6 kg (type Orchard / Lead canary mixed DM 65%) 2.0 kg (type Lusan hay) 1.0 kg (type Timothy hay) 2.5 kg (type beet pulp) Concentrated feed 8.0 kg [TDN (total digestible nutrient amount) 7
4 / DCP (Digested Crude Protein) 15.5 Formulated Feed] Test Method: The test plot was fed with the above-described feed of the present invention at a daily dose of 200 g for 60 days after parturition to feed concentrated feed, rough feed as a whole, and feed. Was observed and compared with a control group to which the feed of the present invention was not fed. Furthermore, body condition before the start of salary (dry period) and 60 days after the salary (6 days after delivery)
The state of the bovine on day 0) was observed and changes in body weight and the like were compared. In addition, changes in milk yield and quality throughout the year and the presence or absence of disease were investigated. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0012]

[Table 1]

[0013]

[Table 2]

The body condition score (BCS) is a subjective index indicating the amount of body fat in livestock (Higaki,
1989). As cows cycle through the production and breeding cycles throughout the year, energy demand and supply balance. However, during certain parts of the cycle, the balance may be disrupted, indicating a sudden energy shortage or excess. If the energy supply is high, the excess is stored as body fat. Withdraw from this reserve when the energy intake is in a negative energy balance that does not meet the maintenance and milk production needs. Therefore, the BCS should be evaluated in relation to the lactation stage. BCS at the time of dry milk, delivery, first seeding, pregnancy test and after delivery 2
Evaluate at 00 days. The movement is 3.5-
4.0, and keep it as it is during the drying period,
It is important not to drop BCS more than 1.0 after delivery. It is preferable that the decrease in BCS should be limited to about 30 days after parturition, increase from about 50 to 70 days, and be brought back to 3.5 to 4.0 before drying. BCS is 1.
If you drop 0, your body weight will decrease by about 56 kg, so if you drop BCS by more than 1.0 during 30 days after delivery, not only will the conception rate at the first estrus drop significantly, but it will also adversely affect milk yield and milk components (Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Economic Bureau, 199
7). BCS is useful for assessing the nutritional status of dairy cows. Table 3 shows the outline of the evaluation method.

[0015]

[Table 3]

Thus, from the results in Tables 1 and 2, the following results were obtained in the test plot. 1. 1. Appetite improvement 2. Weight loss suppression 3. Increase milk yield. 4. Improvement of non-fat milk solid content 5. Increase milk fat content. Prevent metabolic disorders

Example 2 Dry powder (70 mesh) of brown algae (Hibamata: Ascophyllum nodosam), organic acid (citric acid and brewed vinegar, 3: 1 mixture) and vitamin B group (calcium pantothenate, nicotinic acid and hydrochloric acid) Pyridoxine 4:
2.5: 1 mixture) with a weight ratio of 7.85:
The mixture was thoroughly mixed at a ratio of 2.0: 0.15 according to a conventional method to obtain a feed of the present invention. An breeding experiment of beef cattle (F1) was conducted using this feed, and for 14 days from the introduction, eight F1 animals each weighing around 230 kg were used to investigate the appetite-enhancing effect and the weight-gain effect. Target farmers: T Livestock Farm, Mie Prefecture Feed content: Five days after introduction, only roughage (2 kg of rice straw) is supplied for the rearing period. For the next nine days, TDN72.
0 / DCP 7.0 feed 3-6 kg feed. Test method Sixteen F1 calves (first-generation crossbreds of Holstein cows and Japanese Black bulls) introduced at the same time were divided into two paddock, and the test feed fed the present invention, and the feed of the present invention was not fed Controls were observed. DG (daily weight gain) compared the average weight gain for 6 months after the start of salary. Table 4 shows the results.

[0018]

[Table 4]

As shown in Table 4, the following results were obtained. 1. Appetite was improved and weight gain per day was improved as compared with the control group. 2. Observations from the time of salary to shipment reduced the incidence of disease and improved meat quality.

[0020]

As described above, according to the present invention,
It is possible to provide a feed for livestock that improves appetite and is effective in both maintaining milk production and decreasing the rate of weight loss.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI theme coat ゛ (Reference) A61K 31/197 A61K 31/197 31/4415 31/4415 31/455 31/455 35/80 35/80 Z A61P 3/00 171 A61P 3/00 171 F term (reference) 2B150 AA01 AA02 AA03 AA05 AA06 AA10 AB03 AB04 AB06 AB07 AB20 DA32 DD48 DE03 DE06 DE08 4C086 AA01 AA02 BC17 MA03 MA04 MA52 NA14 ZC21 ZC24 ZC15 A14C MA03 MA52 NA14 ZC21 ZC24 ZC61 4C206 AA01 AA02 DA07 DA36 DA05 GA05 GA36 MA03 MA04 MA72 NA14 ZC21 ZC24 ZC61

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. Livestock feed comprising seaweed, organic acid and vitamin B as essential components. 2. The weight ratio of the essential components is as follows: seaweed: organic acid: vitamin B = 8.5-5.0: 2.0-0.5: 0.25
The feed according to claim 1, wherein the feed is 0.1 to 0.1. 3. The feed according to claim 1, wherein the organic acid is citric acid or brewed vinegar. 4. The feed according to claim 1, wherein the vitamin B is calcium pantothenate, nicotinic acid, pyridoxine hydrochloride or a mixture thereof. 5. The method according to claim 5, wherein the seaweed, the organic acid and the calcium pantothenate are mixed in the following manner.
The feed according to claim 4, which is contained in a weight ratio of 5 to 5.0: 1.0 to 0.4: 0.10 to 0.05. 6. The method according to claim 6, wherein the seaweed, the organic acid, and the nicotinic acid are used in the form of seaweed: organic acid: nicotinic acid = 8.5-5.0: 1.0-
The feed according to claim 4, which is contained in a weight ratio of 0.4: 0.10 to 0.03. 7. Seaweed, organic acid and pyridoxine hydrochloride, wherein seaweed: organic acid: pyridoxine hydrochloride = 8.5-5.
The feed according to claim 4, which is contained in a weight ratio of 0: 1.0 to 0.4: 0.05 to 0.02. 8. The feed according to claim 1, which is used for maintaining and promoting appetite. 9. The method according to claim 1, which is for suppressing a rapid decrease in weight.
Feed as described. 10. The feed according to claim 1, which is used for maintaining and improving milk yield and milk quality. 11. The feed according to claim 1, which is for preventing a metabolic disease.