IE20020734A1 - A bio-security system - Google Patents
A bio-security systemInfo
- Publication number
- IE20020734A1 IE20020734A1 IE20020734A IE20020734A IE20020734A1 IE 20020734 A1 IE20020734 A1 IE 20020734A1 IE 20020734 A IE20020734 A IE 20020734A IE 20020734 A IE20020734 A IE 20020734A IE 20020734 A1 IE20020734 A1 IE 20020734A1
- Authority
- IE
- Ireland
- Prior art keywords
- injector
- sterilising agent
- sealant
- teat
- nozzle
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 108010062877 Bacteriocins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylparaben Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylparaben Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, potassium salt (1:1), (2E,4E)- Chemical compound [K+].CC=CC=CC([O-])=O CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- LVDKZNITIUWNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bronopol Chemical compound OCC(Br)(CO)[N+]([O-])=O LVDKZNITIUWNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- GHXZTYHSJHQHIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorhexidine Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1NC(N)=NC(N)=NCCCCCCN=C(N)N=C(N)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 GHXZTYHSJHQHIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960004365 benzoic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960003168 bronopol Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylated hydroxyanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1.COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C(C)(C)C CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960002798 cetrimide Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960003260 chlorhexidine Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclopentane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC1 BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010270 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004292 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960002216 methylparaben Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010241 potassium sorbate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004302 potassium sorbate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940069338 potassium sorbate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010232 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004405 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960003415 propylparaben Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960003885 sodium benzoate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940095574 propionic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 15
- 208000004396 mastitis Diseases 0.000 description 13
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002924 anti-infective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000192125 Firmicutes Species 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940064004 antiseptic throat preparations Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexacosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012812 sealant material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002012 Aerosil® Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HWSISDHAHRVNMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bismuth subnitrate Chemical compound O[NH+]([O-])O[Bi](O[N+]([O-])=O)O[N+]([O-])=O HWSISDHAHRVNMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000031462 Bovine Mastitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000194035 Lactococcus lactis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108010053775 Nisin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- NVNLLIYOARQCIX-MSHCCFNRSA-N Nisin Chemical compound N1C(=O)[C@@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(=C)NC(=O)[C@@H]([C@H](C)CC)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)C(=C/C)/NC(=O)[C@H](N)[C@H](C)CC)CSC[C@@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H]1C(=O)N2CCC[C@@H]2C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]2C(NCC(=O)N[C@H](C)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](CCSC)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](CS[C@@H]2C)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]2C(N[C@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H]3C(=O)N[C@@H](C(N[C@H](CC=4NC=NC=4)C(=O)N[C@H](CS[C@@H]3C)C(=O)N[C@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@H](CC=3NC=NC=3)C(=O)N[C@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NC(=C)C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN)C(O)=O)=O)CS[C@@H]2C)=O)=O)CS[C@@H]1C NVNLLIYOARQCIX-MSHCCFNRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.[Al] Chemical compound O.O.O.[Al] MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930182555 Penicillin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N Penicillin G Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000295644 Staphylococcaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000191940 Staphylococcus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000194017 Streptococcus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014897 Streptococcus lactis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004098 Tetracycline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium tristearate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940126575 aminoglycoside Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001482 bismuth subnitrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000030833 cell death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006037 cell lysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012777 commercial manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002458 infectious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036512 infertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000027866 inflammatory disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002085 irritant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000021 irritant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006651 lactation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004309 nisin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010297 nisin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001937 non-anti-biotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940049954 penicillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008252 pharmaceutical gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011321 prophylaxis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002180 tetracycline Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003522 tetracyclines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
A method for preventing contamination of a teat during administration of a sealant comprises the step of introducing/delivering a sterilising agent into the teat and subsequently delivereing the sealant into the teat. A sealant injector 1, has a nozzle 3,with a removable protective cap 2. A sterilising agent 4 such as a bacteriocin is provided between the nozzle 3 and the contents of the sealant injector 1. <Figure 1>
Description
The invention relates to a method for preventing contamination of a bovine teat during administration of a sealant intended to prevent mastitis.
Bovine mastitis is a severe, potentially fatal, inflammatory disease of the udder, caused by a broad range of infectious organisms, but most notably by various Gram positive bacteria of the genera Staphylococcus and Streptococcus and the Gram negative species, Escherichia coli. The infection usually enters the udder via the teat or streak canal. Mastitis is treated by a variety of antibiotic cerates, infused into the udder via the teat or streak canal. In severe cases, high doses of antibiotic are also given by injection. A high proportion of mastitic infections are contracted during the “dry” period, which precedes calving. The infection may later become clinically significant either during the dry period, or after calving when lactation has resumed.
It is common practice to seek to reduce the incidence of clinical mastitis by infusing high doses of antibiotic formulated as a “slow release” cerate into the udder at drying off. This eliminates infections that are already present in the udder and it also gives lasting protection against new infections that may be contracted during the dry period. The ethical and clinical justification for such treatment is questionable, however, as only a minority of cows are likely to be infected at drying-off, and only a minority are likely to contract new infections during the dry period. However, until recently, there has been no adequately effective alternative to such blanket antibiotic dry cow treatments.
One product, Teat Seal (Trade Mark of Cross Vetpharm), provides an effective, antibiotic-free, alternative. The Teat Seal is described in detail in PCT/IE97/00085 which is herein incorporated by reference. The sealant comprises a viscous oilbased cerate containing a high proportion of a heavy metal salt, bismuth subnitrate,
I openoPUBuewaiPK^ UNDER SECTION 28 AND RULE 23
1^64 ,,,.,.ηρ
JNLNo.
BIMEll/C which is infused into the teat at drying-off. It remains in the teat for the entire dry period. It prevents infection entering the udder via the teat or streak canal through a combination of its viscosity, density and adhesiveness. However, since this product contains no antibiotic, it is essential that the surface of the teat is thoroughly sanitised and that the sealant injector itself is entirely sterile, to avoid the accidental introduction of mastitis-causing organisms into the teat during infusion of the product. Safe application of the product can be achieved consistently by an experienced operator with access to suitable cleansing materials, but such conditions do not always exist on farms.
Incorporation into the sealant product of a non-antibiotic but none-the-Iess antibacterial substance such as a bacteriocin can greatly reduce the incidence of infection even in the face of deliberately severe bacterial “challenge” (PCT/IE96/00022).
However, whilst undoubtedly effective, this procedure has significant shortcomings. Among these are that it requires a large amount of bacteriocin such as lacticin (between 10,000 and 100,000 AU), which may be irritant to the udder. In addition, the sealant must be specially formulated to permit the release of the lacticin from the sealant at the required rate while not interfering with the normal functioning of the sealant. This is extremely difficult to achieve, particularly on a commercial manufacturing scale, because the precise physical consistency of the sealant is essential to its correct functioning. Formulation of a sealant to perform two distinct functions is therefore likely to be a compromise, such that neither is performed completely adequately.
There is therefore a need for a system which prevents or reduces the risk· of accidentally introducing mastitis-causing organisms into the teat when administering a sealant or other products for treating or preventing mastitis.
BIMEll/C
Statements of invention
According to the invention there is provided a method for preventing contamination of a teat during administration of a sealant comprising the steps of:5 introducing/ delivering a sterilising agent into the teat; and subsequently delivering the sealant into the teat.
Preferably the sealant is delivered into the teat through the sterilising agent.
In one embodiment of the invention the sealant is delivered into the teat by an injector having a barrel for storage of sealant, a nozzle extending from the barrel and the sterilising agent is provided on the outside surface of the nozzle, in the nozzle, and/or inside the barrel of the injector.
Preferably the injector has a removable cap for the nozzle, the sterilising agent being provided between the cap and the nozzle.
Preferably the sterilising agent comprises a bacteriocin, most preferably the bacteriocin is Lacticin 3147.
Ideally when the sterilising agent is provided between the cap and the nozzle the bacteriocin is present in an amount of from 100 to 100,000AU.
Preferably the sterilising agent is selected from any one or more of an alcohol, propionic acid, benzyl alcohol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, bronopol, chlorhexidine, cetrimide, butyl hydroxyanisole, butyl hydroxytoluene or salts thereof, most preferably an alcohol.
ΙΕ02Ό7 34
BIMEll/C
In one embodiment of the invention the sterilising agent is in the form of a water miscible gel.
In another embodiment of the invention the sterilising agent is in the form of an oil 5 based gel.
In a further embodiment of the invention the sterilising agent is in the form of an oil based paste.
The invention also provides an injector for administering a sealant to a teat comprising a barrel for housing sealant and a nozzle extending from the barrel, the nozzle and or the barrel having a sterilising agent therein or thereon for delivery into a teat in advance of a sealant.
In one embodiment of the invention the sterilising agent is provided in the barrel downstream of the sealant. Preferably there is a frangible barrier between the sealant and the sterilising agent.
In another embodiment of the invention the sterilising agent is provided in the nozzle. In this case the sterilising agent may be in the form of a gel which is fluid when hot. The gel is loaded into an injector in fluid form so that the gel uniformly fills the nozzle and rapidly sets as it cools. The sealant is loaded subsequently into the injector. This ensures that the sterilising agent is extruded from the injector ahead of the sealant material.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention the sterilising agent is provided on a teatcontacting outside surface of the nozzle.
Preferably the injector comprises a removable cap for the nozzle and the sterilising agent is provided between the nozzle and the removable protective cap.
BIME11/C
Preferably the volume of the sterilising agent used for a single teat seal injector is between 0.01ml and 10ml, most preferably approximately between 0.05ml and 2.0ml.
Preferably the sterilising agent comprises a bacteriocin, most preferably Lacticin 3147. Preferably the bacteriocin is present in an amount of from 100 to 100,000AU.
Preferably the sterilising agent is selected from any one or more of an alcohol, propionic acid, benzyl alcohol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, bronopol, chlorhexidine, cetrimide, butyl hydroxyanisole, butyl hydroxytoluene or salts thereof, most preferably the antiseptic is an alcohol.
The sterilising agent may be in the form of a water miscible gel, an oil based gel or an oil based paste.
Brief description of Drawings
The invention will be more clearly understood from the following description thereof given by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of the front portion of a sealant injector with a protective cap in place protecting the injector nozzle of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the sealant injector of Fig. 1 with the protective cap removed;
ΙΕΟ 2 07 ϊ 4
BIMEU/C
Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the sealant injector of Figs. 1 and 2 on insertion into the teat or streak canal;
Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of the sealant injector of Fig. 1 and 2 5 showing removal of the applicator nozzle from the teat;
Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of another injector of the invention; and
Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of a further injector of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a system which substantially prevents contamination of a teat, in particular a bovine teat, during administration of a sealant product in a mastitis preventative treatment. A sterilising agent is deliverable into the teat or streak canal directly in advance of a mastitis preventative treatment to reduce the risk of introducing mastitis-causing organisms when treating the teat. The invention may be used with other mastitis preventing products, however the invention is particularly important when using a product that does not itself contain an antiinfective substance.
The method of the invention directly delivers a sterilising agent into the teat or streak canal ahead of the sealant thereby ensuring that accidentally introduced organisms are killed and do not cause mastitis. The sterilising agent is carried into the teat ahead of the sealant such that the sealant is delivered to the teat through the sterilising agent.
Referring to the drawings there is illustrated a sealant injector 1 having a nozzle 3.
A removable sealing or protective cap 2 covers the nozzle 3 of the injector 1 during
BIMEll/C storage and transportation for the purpose of maintaining sterility of the nozzle 3 and of the contents of the sealant injector 1. A sterilising agent 4 is provided between the protective cap 2 and the nozzle 3. When the protective cap 2 is removed, immediately prior to administration of the sealant, a sufficient amount of the sterilising agent 4 remains coated to the outside of the nozzle 3 as shown in particular in Fig. 2, rendering and maintaining the nozzle sterile. When the nozzle 3 is inserted into the teat or streak canal 5, it carries sufficient of the sterilising agent 4 into the teat canal 5 to form an anti-infective “barrier” ahead of infusion of the sealant 6. On insertion of the injector nozzle into the teat canal some of the sterilising agent is also left on the outer skin of the teat canal orifice, thereby killing any bacteria which might otherwise be carried into the teat as the nozzle 3 is inserted.
Alternatively the sterilising agent 4 may be loaded into the sealant injector 1 itself as shown in particular in Figs. 5 and 6 such that it is delivered into the teat canal ahead of the sealant 6 itself during normal infusion of the sealant. The sterilising agent 4 is placed in the barrel of the injector 1 ahead of the sealant product 6 such that it is extruded first, through the injector nozzle 3.
The sterilising agent may be a water-based pharmaceutical gel which is immiscible with the oil-based gel of the sealant product itself, such that the physical and pharmaceutical stability of both materials is not compromised by contact or admixture.
Alternatively a burstable/frangible membrane 10 or similar separating device may be located in the barrel of the injector 1 to provide both a physical and chemical separation of the sealant and the sterilising agent.
Any suitable sterilising agent which is compatible with the sealant and its application may be used. The purpose of the agent and the quantity utilised is to sanitise, clean and/or sterilise the teat or streak canal in advance of a sealant.
BIMEll/C
The viscosity of the sterilising agent should be such that, if it is placed within the barrel of the injector, it can be dispensed easily through the nozzle. At the same time, it is sufficiently viscous as not to leak from the injector during storage and transport. When the sterilising agent is placed within the protective cap which covers the nozzle, its consistency is such that an adequate amount adheres to the nozzle and is carried into the teat canal when the nozzle is inserted. The viscosity also allows for a small amount to be deposited and retained on the skin surrounding the teat orifice as the nozzle is inserted.
The sterilising agent used in the invention may comprise an anti-bacterial such as a bacteriocin. Bacteriocins are proteins secreted by bacteria that kill and sometimes lyse related bacteria. An example of a bacteriocin is Lacticin 3147 which is produced by the GRAS (generally received as safe) organism Lactococcus lactis DPC 3147. Lacticin 3147 is the subject of PCT patent application PCT/IE96/00022 published as WO96/32482. Other suitable bacteriocins include Nisin or Lysostatin.
Lacticin 3147 inhibits a wide range of anti-bacterial species including all of those most likely to cause mastitis such as Streptococci and Staphylococci. Lacticin 3147 is effective at physiological pH. It is a membrane-active pre-forming complex which exhibits a bactericidal mode of action causing cell death but not cell lysis.
Lacticin 3147 is particularly suitable because it is temperature and pH stable, which are important factors during the manufacture and long term stability of the product. It also exerts maximal antibacterial effect at physiological pH levels, unlike some other bacteriocins.
The antiseptic properties of the sterilising agent may be achieved by the bacteriocin alone, a chemical antiseptic alone or a combination of a bacteriocin and an antiseptic chemical. Various chemical sterilising agents/antiseptics may be used, such as alcohol, propionic acid and salts thereof, benzyl alcohol, methyl paraben and salts thereof, propyl paraben and salts thereof, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, bronopol, chlorhexidine, cetrimide, butyl hydroxyanisole or
BIMEll/C η f?
;>·! 7 ί ν 'te· a butyl hydroxytoluene. The principal purpose of the sterilising agent/chemical antiseptic is to kill Gram negative bacteria such as Escherischia coli, against which the bacteriocins are generally not as effective. Bacteriocins have marginal Gram negative activity. The antiseptics are also effective against Gram positive bacteria, so they may supplement or replace the bacteriocin in the invention.
The sterilising agent is intended only to kill bacteria which may have accidentally been introduced into the teat canal during the infusion of a sealant material, so it is required to be effective for only a short time and to present only a small amount of the anti-infective substance. An amount of bacteriocin typically between 100 and 100,000 AU (antibacterial units) may be included in each sealant injector device.
Various sterilising agents may be used, either alone or together with either a bacteriocin or a chemical antiseptic, or both of these. The sterilising agent may also comprise an antibiotic or antibacterial pharmaceutical substance. Suitable antibiotic or antibacterial pharmaceutical substances may include any one or more of a penicillin, a tetracycline, an aminoglycoside or similar broad spectrum antibiotic.
The water miscible gel, oil-based gel or oil based paste may comprise other components such as a thickening agent and/or other excipients. Suitable thickening agents for the water miscible gel include any one or more of methylcellulose 400 (or other soluble grade), alginic acid, sodium alginate or pre-gelatinised starch (1500). Suitable excipients include any one or more of polyvinylpyrrolidone, propylene glycol, glycerine, Tween 80 and water for injection. Suitable thickening agents for the oil-based gel or oil based paste include any one or more of aluminium stearate (ALUGEL), anhydrous silicon dioxide (Aerosil) or white soft paraffin (petroleum jelly). Other suitable excipients include any one or more of com oil or other vegetable oil, liquid paraffin, hydrogenated oil or polyethyleneglycol (various grades). The water miscible or oil based gel or oil based paste may also include any suitable colouring agent which is pharmaceutically acceptable.
IE Ο 2 8 7 J 4 . IQ BIME11/C
The volume of sterilising agent used with each sealant injector is typically between 0.01ml and 10ml. When the sterilising agent is placed in the protective cap of the injector, the volume will typically be between from 0.05ml arid 2.0ml. If the sterilising agent is placed within the barrel of the injector the volume is typically between from 0.2ml and 5.0ml.
The current sealant injector device and its protective sealing cap, and the methodology of filling it during manufacture, are suitable, without modification, to accommodate the sterilising agent at least in some aspects. However, the barrel of the injector syringe, the sealing/protective cap and the filling procedure may each be modified in some aspects. For example, the profile of the protective cap may be changed to accommodate either the volume or the consistency of the formulation, and a suitable two-station filler may be used to place the sealant gel and the sterilising agent separately, into the barrel and or the protective cap. In the event that the sterilising agent is located in the cap, a handling device to permit filling of the cap with gel and its subsequent replacement over the nozzle onto the delivery syringe may be used.
The sterilising agent used in the invention is preferably intended for use with a single use sealant injector device. Such injector devices may be used for administering a sealant for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of mastitis in cattle or sheep.
The invention is not limited to the embodiments hereinbefore described which may be varied in detail.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preventing contamination of a teat during administration of a sealant comprising the steps of:5 introducing/ delivering a sterilising agent into the teat; and subsequently delivering the sealant into the teat. 10
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the sealant is delivered into the teat through the sterilising agent.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the sealant is delivered into the teat by an injector having a barrel for storage of sealant, a nozzle extending from 15 the barrel and the sterilising agent is provided on the outside surface of the nozzle, in the nozzle, and/or inside the barrel of the injector.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3 wherein the injector has a removable cap for the nozzle, the sterilising agent being provided between the cap and the 20 nozzle. 5. Is in the form of an oil based gel. 29. An injector as claimed in any of claims 14 to 26 wherein the sterilising agent is in the form of an oil based paste. 5 removable cap for the nozzle and the sterilising agent is provided between the nozzle and the removable protective cap. 20. An injector as claimed in any of claims 14 to 19 wherein the volume of the sterilising agent used for a single teat seal injector is between 0.01ml and 10 10ml. 21. An injector as claimed in claim 20 wherein the volume of the sterilising agent used for a single teat seal injector is between approximately 0.05ml and 2.0ml. 22. An injector as claimed in any of claims 14 to 21 wherein the sterilising agent agent comprises a bacteriocin. 23. An injector as claimed in claim 22 wherein the bacteriocin is Lacticin 3147. 24. An injector as claimed in claim 22 or 23 wherein the bacteriocin is present in an amount of from 100 to 100,000AU. 25. An injector as claimed in any of claims 14 to 24 wherein the sterilising agent 25 is selected from any one or more of an alcohol, propionic acid, benzyl alcohol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, bronopol, chlorhexidine, cetrimide, butyl hydroxyanisole, butyl hydroxytoluene or salts thereof. 26. An injector as claimed in claim 25 wherein the sterilising agent is an alcohol. A- 7 ·» i BIMEll/C 27. An injector as claimed in any of claims 14 to 26 wherein the sterilising agent is in the form of a water miscible gel. 28. An injector as claimed in any of claims 14 to 26 wherein the sterilising agent
5. A method as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the sterilising agent comprises a bacteriocin. 25
6. A method as claimed in claim 5 wherein the bacteriocin is Lacticin 3147.
7. A method as claimed in claim 5 or 6 wherein the bacteriocin is present in an amount of from 100 to 100,000AU. 30
8. A method as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the sterilising agent is selected from any one or more of an alcohol, propionic acid, benzyl alcohol, BIMEll/C methyl paraben, propyl paraben, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, bronopol, chlorhexidine, cetrimide, butyl hydroxyanisole, butyl hydroxytoluene or salts thereof. 5
9. A method as claimed in claim 8 wherein the sterilising agent is an alcohol. 10. A method as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the sterilising agent is in the form of a water miscible gel. 10 11. A method as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the sterilising agent is in the form of an oil based gel. 12. A method as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the sterilising agent is in the form of an oil based paste. ' 13. A method substantially as hereinbefore described. 14. An injector for administering a sealant to a teat comprising a barrel for housing sealant and a nozzle extending from the barrel, the nozzle and or the 20 barrel having a sterilising agent therein or thereon for delivery into a teat in advance of a sealant. 15. An injector as claimed in claim 14 wherein the sterilising agent is provided in the barrel downstream of the sealant. 16. An injector as claimed in claim 15 comprising a frangible barrier between the sealant and the sterilising agent. 17. An injector as claimed in claim 14 wherein the sterilising agent is provided in the nozzle. ft 7! I & h. V t! BIMEll/C 18. An injector as claimed in claim 14 wherein the sterilising agent is provided on a teat-contacting outside surface of the nozzle. 19. An injector as claimed in claim 14 or 18 wherein the injector comprises a
10. 30. An injector as hereinbefore described with reference to the drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IE2002/0734A IE84375B1 (en) | 2002-09-10 | A sealant injector for facilitating the prevention of mastitis in animals |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IEIRELAND10/09/20012001/0820 | |||
| IE20010820 | 2001-09-10 | ||
| IE2002/0734A IE84375B1 (en) | 2002-09-10 | A sealant injector for facilitating the prevention of mastitis in animals |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| IE20020734A1 true IE20020734A1 (en) | 2003-03-19 |
| IE84375B1 IE84375B1 (en) | 2006-10-18 |
Family
ID=
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM4A | Patent lapsed |