HK40017773B - Communication network and method for operating a communication network - Google Patents

Description

Communication network and method for operating a communication network

Technical Field

The invention relates to a communication network, in particular an Ad-hoc (Ad-hoc) communication network, having at least one mobile radio device and having a plurality of further radio devices mounted on a line.

Background

In the applicant's earlier german patent application, which was already patented under application number 10 2017 203 040.2 (DE), a generic communication network constructed as an ad-hoc communication network is described. In two of the embodiments of the ad hoc communication network described there, a respective one of the further radio devices is suitably configured for communication with the other radio device of the further radio device of the respective radio channel pair in each of the two directions of the line.

Fig. 1 also shows a communication network KN in the form of an ad hoc communication network with mobile radios FT and with a plurality of further radios Fi, which are also referred to below as nodes, installed on the line. Communication partners, in particular a vehicle-side monitoring and control unit TC, which are installed in a rail vehicle in the form of a train T, are connected to the mobile radio device FT. The communication network KN shown in fig. 1 also has a further radio device FTCC to which a further communication partner is connected. This other communication partner is a line-side monitoring and Control unit TCC in the form of a so-called Traffic Control Center. The mobile radio device FT is located at the left end of a chain K formed by four of the other radio devices. The further radio device FTCC is located at the right end of the chain K. Therefore, in the following, the mobile radio device FT and the further radio device FTCC will also be referred to as side-end radio devices. If the data provided by the vehicle-side monitoring and control unit TC are transmitted in the form of data packets by means of a mobile radio device FT, which is connected in a suitable manner to the vehicle-side monitoring and control unit TC by means of data transmission technology, these data are forwarded by means of the node Fi. That is to say, the data is transmitted via the chain K to the further radio device FTTC, and is thus supplied to the traffic control center TCC, which is connected to this further radio device in a suitable manner by means of a data transmission technique.

Each of the further radios Fi, i.e. each of the nodes K, is equipped with three radios which are each at a different frequency, i.e. using different radio channels K1, K2 and K3. This is illustrated in fig. 1 by a dotted line for K1, a dashed line for K2 and a dashed line for K3. Then, in the subsequent nodes, the three frequencies or radio channels K1, K2 and K3 are used in an alternating (alternating) manner. In this way, a specific frequency separation is introduced that minimizes interference.

The use of laterally arranged directional antennas by the radios, in each case two of the three radios, also referred to below as side-end radios, is suitably configured as a transmitting and receiving unit SE, in each case, for bidirectional communication. In order to introduce redundancy, the side radio SE of a node transmits not only to the immediately adjacent node but also to nodes following the immediately adjacent node. By equipping the third radio device arranged above with an omnidirectional antenna, the third radio device arranged above is suitably configured as a receiving unit E for receiving data packets from the directly adjacent nodes from both directions R1 and R2 of the line.

If the respective node Fi receives a data packet on any one of the three radios from another node, the respective node Fi forwards the data packet to the adjacent node and to the node immediately following it, i.e. to the next node and to the next node. That is, the nodes forward packets in the same direction because a packet forwarded from one node to the next or next node in a particular direction is provided with additional information from which the next or next node receiving the packet can identify that the node is to forward the packet in that particular direction.

In contrast to the nodes of the chain K, three radios are provided on each of the two side radios, namely the mobile radio FT and the further radio FTCC, wherein each of the radios is designed as a transmit and receive unit SE1, SE2 or SE3, respectively, with an omnidirectional antenna for receiving data and transmitting information using three radio channels, namely in each case in an omnidirectional manner. In this way, the vehicle-side monitoring and control unit TC of the train T can always communicate with a respective one of the nodes Fi of the chain K, irrespective of the orientation of the antenna of the respective node in the chain with respect to the antenna of the mobile radio FT of the train.

However, performance evaluations of such a communication network KN performed for different scenarios using computer simulations show that in such a communication network, transmissions by the mobile radio device FT interfere with transmissions from 1 to 3 nodes in the chain K closest thereto (it can be seen in fig. 1 that for the second node on which the third radio device is arranged, i.e. on the same radio channel K2, data packets are transmitted not only from the mobile radio device FT, but also from the first node). The interference that occurs in these transmissions results in packet loss. In the scenario shown in fig. 2 with a mobile radio FT of the train T, another radio FTCC of the line-side monitoring and control unit TCC, and a chain K of 20 nodes, the interference leads to a packet loss of up to 5.63%, depending on the computer simulation used. Computer simulations for other scenarios with two mobile radios (2-train scenario) yielded data packet losses of up to 20%.

In fig. 2, the Y-axis of the graph is shown, as a percentage of the originally transmitted packets, showing the number of packets received. Because a node forwards packets to the next node and to the next node, ideally a given node should receive two copies of a packet, i.e., 200% of all packets received. Here, the upper line shows the percentage of data packets received without error. Correspondingly, the lower line shows the percentage of packets with errors.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention is based on the object of providing a communication network with no or minimal data packet loss.

The above-mentioned object is achieved by a communication network, in particular an ad hoc communication network, having at least one mobile radio device and having a plurality of further radio devices which are installed on a line, wherein

-a respective one of the further radios is suitably configured for communicating with the other of the further radios in the respective pair of radio channels in each of the two directions of the line;

the mobile radio device is suitably configured to receive data, in particular from a further radio device, using only all radio channels of the pair of radio channels;

-providing an additional radio channel;

the mobile radio device is suitably configured to transmit data, in particular to a further radio device, using only the additional radio channel; and

the further radio device is suitably configured to receive data, in particular from the mobile radio device, using only the additional radio channel.

As will be further shown below, computer simulations show that in this design of the communication network, packet losses are very small.

It is considered advantageous if the radio channel pair is formed by three radio channels in such a way that the radio channel pair of a respective one of the further radio devices differs in terms of radio channel. In this case, the further radio device is preferably designed such that three radio channels are used in an alternating manner for corresponding three consecutive ones of the further radio devices. This makes it possible to solve the so-called Hidden Node Problem (Hidden-Node-Problem) particularly well.

A communication partner installed in a vehicle, in particular in a rail vehicle, in particular a vehicle-side monitoring and control unit, can be connected to the mobile radio device.

Furthermore, at least one further communication partner, in particular a line-side monitoring and control unit, can be connected to one of the further radios or to the further radio.

It is considered to be advantageous that,

the further radio device is suitably configured to receive data, in particular from the further radio device, using only all radio channels of the pair of radio channels;

the further radio device is suitably configured to transmit data, in particular to the further radio device, using only the additional radio channel; and

the further radio device is suitably configured such that the additional radio channel is also used in particular for receiving data from the further radio device.

The invention also relates to a method for operating a communication network, in particular an ad hoc communication network, to which at least one mobile radio device and a plurality of further radio devices are provided which are installed on a line, wherein,

-a respective one of the further radios for communicating with the other radio of the further radios in the respective radio channel pair in each of the two directions of the line;

the mobile radio device receives data, in particular from a further radio device, using only all radio channels of the radio channel pair;

-providing an additional radio channel;

the mobile radio device transmits data, in particular to a further radio device, using only the additional radio channel; and

the further radio device receives data, in particular from the mobile radio device, using only the additional radio channel.

In respect of the advantages of the method according to the invention, reference is made to the advantages of the communication network according to the invention, since the advantages of the method according to the invention substantially correspond to the advantages of the communication network according to the invention.

In the method according to the invention, the radio channel pairs are preferably formed from three radio channels in such a way that the radio channel pairs of a respective one of the further radio devices differ in radio channel. In this case, the further radio device is preferably designed such that three radio channels are used in an alternating manner for corresponding three consecutive ones of the further radio devices.

Furthermore, it is considered to be advantageous to connect communication partners, in particular vehicle-side monitoring and control units, which are installed in vehicles, in particular rail vehicles, to the mobile radio device.

At least one further communication partner, in particular a line-side monitoring and control unit, can advantageously be connected to one of the further radios or to the further radio.

In this context, it is considered advantageous,

-the further radio device receives data, in particular from the further radio device, using only all radio channels of the pair of radio channels;

the further radio device transmits data, in particular to the further radio device, using only the additional radio channel; and

the further radio device also uses, in particular, an additional radio channel to receive data from the further radio device.

Drawings

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to fig. 3 to 5. In this case, the number of the first and second,

fig. 3 shows a segment of a communication network according to the invention with a mobile radio device, a further radio device and a plurality of further radio devices, which form a chain of nodes,

fig. 4 shows a part of the chain in fig. 3 with five adjacent further radios, an

Fig. 5 shows the result of a computer simulation performed for a scenario of a communication network according to the invention.

Detailed Description

Fig. 3 shows a communication network KN according to the invention without a network backbone, which is suitably configured to ensure a continuous communication connection between a mobile radio device FT of one communication partner TC and another radio device FTCC of another communication partner TCC.

The one communication partner TC shown here is installed in a vehicle, here a rail vehicle in the form of a train T. The one communication partner TC is a vehicle-side monitoring and control unit, which can supply data packets to be transmitted to the mobile radio FT or receive data packets received by the mobile radio FT via the illustrated connection.

The other communication partner TCC shown here is the line-side monitoring and control unit. The line-side monitoring and control unit can be connected in a data-technically suitable manner to one of the further radios Fi in order to provide data packets to be transmitted or to receive received data packets. In the communication network KN shown, however, the line-side monitoring and control unit TCC is connected via a connection in a data-technically appropriate manner with the other radio device FTCC to provide data packets to be transmitted to the other radio device FTCC or to accept data packets received by the other radio device FTCC.

This segment of the illustrated communication network KN shows eight of a plurality m of further radio apparatuses, namely a first radio apparatus F1, six successively following radio apparatuses Fk, fk +1, fk +2, fk +3, fk +4, fk +5, and a last radio apparatus Fm.

Respective ones of the further radios Fi (where i =1,2, \8230;, k, k +1, k +2, k +3, k +4, k +5, \8230;, up to m) are suitably configured for communication with other ones of the further radios of respective radio channel pair (Funkkanalpaar) A, B or C in each of the two directions R1 and R2 of the line S.

Here, the radio channel pair denoted by a is composed of radio channels K1 and K2. The radio channel pair denoted by B is composed of radio channels K2 and K3. Radio channel pair C is formed by radio channels K3 and K1.

The radio channel pairs a, B and C are formed by three radio channels K1, K2 and K3, so that the radio channel pairs a and B or B and C or C and a of the respective radio devices Fi of the further radio devices differ in terms of radio channels. A respective successive three of the further radios use the three radio channels in an alternating manner.

However, an embodiment of the communication network according to the invention may also utilize two channels to form a radio channel pair for all further radios.

The mobile radio device FT is suitably configured to receive data, in particular from further radio devices, using only all radio channels K1, K2, K3 of the radio channel pairs a, B and C.

An additional radio channel K4 is provided.

The mobile radio device FT is suitably designed to transmit data, in particular to a further radio device Fi, using only the additional radio channel K4.

The further radio Fi is suitably configured to receive data, in particular from the mobile radio FT, using only the additional radio channel K4.

Each radio Fi has a receiving unit E for receiving data from further radios directly adjacent thereto, and two transmitting and receiving units SE, SE. Each of the two transmitting and receiving units SE, SE is respectively used for bidirectional communication with one of the further radio devices which is behind one of the further radio devices which are directly adjacent.

Here, if the corresponding node Fi receives a packet on any one of the three radio devices from another node, the corresponding node Fi also forwards the packet to the adjacent node and the node immediately following it, that is, to the next node and the next node. That is, the nodes forward packets in the same direction because a packet forwarded from one node in a particular direction to a next or next node is provided with additional information from which the next or next node receiving the packet can identify that it should forward the packet in the particular direction.

First, a node that receives packets only from the mobile radio forwards the packets in both directions R1 and R2 of the line (in fig. 3, for example, node Fk + 1). The same action occurs if the node receives a packet from the other radio.

The communication and data transmission takes place via three different radio channels K1, K2, K3 in a spatially alternating pattern.

This mode is explained below with the aid of the section shown in fig. 4.

The further radio device Fk +1 is configured to receive data by means of its receiving unit E from the further radio devices Fk and Fk +2 directly adjacent thereto via one of the three channels, i.e. channel K1, which is also referred to below as the first channel. The channel K1 is correspondingly shown by a dotted line.

The further radio device Fk +2 next in the direction R1, i.e. adjacent to Fk +1 in the direction R1, is configured to receive data by means of its receiving unit E from the two travel line-side radio devices Fk +1 and Fk +3 directly adjacent thereto via the other of the three radio channels, i.e. channel K2, which is also referred to below as the second channel. The channel K2 is correspondingly shown in dashed lines.

The further radio device Fk +3 downstream in the direction R1, i.e. adjacent to Fk +2 in the direction R1, is configured to receive data by means of its receiving unit E from the two travel-path-side radio devices Fk +2 and Fk +4 directly adjacent thereto via the other of the three radio channels, i.e. the channel K3, which is also referred to below as third channel. The channel K3 is correspondingly indicated by a dot-dash line.

In correspondence with the repetition of this pattern along the line S, the further radio device Fk +4 following the further radio device Fk +3 in the direction R1 is configured to receive, by means of its receiving unit E, data from the radio devices Fk +3 and Fk +5 (see fig. 4) of the two driving-line sides directly adjacent thereto via the first channel K1.

Furthermore, the further radio device Fk which is located before the further radio device Fk +1 in the direction R1, i.e. adjacent in the direction R2, is configured to receive data by means of its receiving unit E via a third channel K3 from the radio devices Fk-1 (not shown) and Fk +1 on the two driving route sides directly adjacent thereto.

Respective consecutive three further ones of the further radios, for example Fk, fk +1 and Fk +2, use three radio channels in an alternating manner.

In other words, the data packets are forwarded in each direction unidirectionally along the driving route S by the further radio Fi using the three radio channels K1, K2 and K3 in an alternating manner.

According to fig. 4, the further radio device Fk +2 communicates bidirectionally with the next adjacent Fk +4 on its right side via a third channel K3. Furthermore, the further radio device Fk +2 communicates bidirectionally with the next adjacent Fk on the left by means of the first channel K1 and receives unidirectionally from its immediately adjacent radio devices on the left and right via the first channel K2.

The further radio device Fk +3 communicates bidirectionally with the next adjacent Fk +5 on its right by means of a first channel K1 and with the next adjacent Fk +1 on the left by means of a second channel K2.

The further radio device Fk +1 communicates bidirectionally with the next adjacent Fk +3 on its right by means of the second channel K2 and with the next adjacent Fk-1 on its left (not shown) by means of the third channel K3.

In other words, each further radio Fi receives data from the further radio immediately adjacent thereto by means of one of three different channels, bidirectionally communicates by means of another one of the three channels with the further radio next adjacent thereto in a first direction along the travelling line S, and communicates by means of the last one of the three channels with the further radio next adjacent thereto in a second direction opposite to the first direction.

In this multichannel configuration, three adjacent further radio devices Fk, fk +1, fk +2 use the first radio channel K1 in such a way that the middle Fk +1 receives data packets only by means of the first radio channel K1, while two directly adjacent outer Fk and Fk +2 transmit data packets by means of this channel.

In the triplets Fk +3, fk +4, fk +5, two directly adjacent outer Fk +3 and Fk +5 transmit a data packet again via this channel K1, the middle Fk +4 receiving a data packet only via the channel K1.

Thereby, the hidden node problem can be solved in a simple manner.

In the communication network KN according to the invention, an additional radio channel K4, which is different from the three radio channels K1, K2 and K3, is used for communication of the chain K from the mobile radio device FT of the train T to the nodes formed by the further radio devices Fi, to be precise only for transmitting data packets to the chain K. That is to say that the mobile radio FT does not receive data packets via this channel K4.

For receiving data by means of the three radio channels K1, K2 and K3, the mobile radio device FT has three receiving units E1, E2, E3 each with an omnidirectional antenna. The first receiving unit E1 receives the data packet on the first lane K1. The second receiving unit E2 receives the data packet on the second channel K2. And the third receiving unit E3 receives the data packet on the third channel K3.

The mobile radio device is additionally equipped with a transmitting unit S4 with an omnidirectional antenna, which is tuned to an additional frequency, i.e. an additional radio channel K4 is used. The mobile radio device transmits data packets using only this additional radio channel K4 and is not used for receiving data packets.

In this way, the transmissions by the mobile radio FT of the train T do not interfere with the transmissions by the nodes Fi of the chain.

Each of the further radios Fi, i.e. each node of the chain K, is provided with an additional receiving device E4, which is tuned to an additional frequency in order to receive data packets using only the additional radio channel K4. That is to say that in the respective node Fi of the chain, only the respective additional receiving means E4 are used to receive data packets, in particular from the mobile radio device FT.

In the illustrated communication network, the further radio device FTCC also has three receiving units E1, E2, E3, each with an omnidirectional antenna, for receiving data on three radio channels K1, K2 and K3. The first receiving unit E1 receives the data packet on the first lane K1. The second receiving unit E2 receives the data packet on the second channel K2. And the third receiving unit E3 receives the data packet on the third channel K3.

The other radio device FTCC is additionally equipped with a transmitting unit S4 with an omnidirectional antenna, which is tuned to an additional frequency, i.e. also using an additional radio channel K4. The further radio device transmits data packets using only the additional radio channel K4 and is not used for receiving data packets.

That is, in the respective node Fi of the chain, the data packet is also received from the other radio device FTCC using the respective additional receiving device E4.

Fig. 5 shows the result of a computer simulation performed for the scenario of the communication network shown in fig. 3.

In the computer simulation of the communication network according to the invention, a scenario with a mobile radio FT of the train, another radio FTCC and a chain K of 20 nodes Fi is also selected, as in the computer simulation of which the results have been shown in fig. 2.

It can be seen that in the communication network according to the invention according to fig. 3, the interference occurring in the communication network shown in fig. 1 is very effectively cancelled. The packet loss seen in fig. 5 is reduced to 0.4% compared to fig. 2.

The communication Network KN may be, for example, a WLAN (Wireless Area Network) or Wi-Fi according to the standard family IEEE 802.11. Here, for example, the standard 802.11p may be used for communication between the train T and the further radio Fi, and one or more of the standards 802.11abg/802.11n/802.11ac may be used for communication between the further radio Fi. Alternatively, the communication between the train T and the line or the further radio Fi can also take place, for example, according to the mobile radio standard LTE (Long Term Evolution) and by means of WLAN or Wi-Fi between line-side components or network nodes.

The additional radio channel K4 is thus a dedicated radio channel (dedicated frequency) for the communication network, in particular for trains in the ad hoc communication network, for continuous communication between the train and the line-side infrastructure.

Claims (18)

1. A communication network (KN) having at least one mobile radio device (FT) and having a plurality (m) of further radio devices (F1, \8230; mounted on a line (S),

fm) and (b), wherein,

-a respective one (Fi) of the further radio devices is suitably configured for communication with other ones of the further radio devices in a respective radio channel pair (A or B or C) in each of two directions (R1, R2) of a line (S),

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

-the mobile radio device is suitably configured to receive data using only all radio channels (K1, K2, K3) of the pair of radio channels (A, B, C), wherein the mobile radio device is suitably configured to receive data from the further radio device (F1, \8230; using all radio channels (K1, K2, K3) of the pair of radio channels (A, B, C),

fm) receiving the data, and sending the data,

-providing an additional radio channel (K4),

-the mobile radio device (FT) is suitably configured to transmit data using only the additional radio channel (K4), wherein the mobile radio device (FT) is suitably configured to transmit data to the further radio device (F1, \8230;, fm) using the additional radio channel (K4), and

-the further radio device (F1, \8230;, fm) is suitably configured to receive data using only the additional radio channel (K4), the further radio device (F1,

8230Fm) is suitably configured to receive data from the mobile radio device (FT) using the additional radio channel (K4).

2. Communication network (KN) according to claim 1,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the radio channel pair (A, B, C) is formed by three radio channels (K1, K2, K3) in such a way that the radio channel pair of a respective one of the further radio devices (F1, \8230;, fm) differs in radio channel.

3. Communication network (KN) according to claim 2,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the further radio devices (F1, \8230;, fm) are configured such that a respective consecutive three (Fk, fk +1, fk + 2) of the further radio devices (F1, \8230;, fm) use the three radio channels (K1, K2, K3) in an alternating manner.

4. The communication network (KN) according to any one of claims 1 to 3,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

a communication partner (TC) installed in the vehicle (T) is connected to the mobile radio device (FT).

5. The communication network (KN) according to any one of claims 1 to 3,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

at least one further communication participant (TCC) is connected with one of the further radios (Fi) or with another radio (FTCC).

6. Communication network (KN) according to claim 5,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

-the further radio device (FTCC) is suitably configured to receive data using only all radio channels (K1, K2, K3) of a pair of radio channels (A, B, C), wherein the further radio device (FTCC) is suitably configured to receive data from the further radio device (F1, 8230, fm) using all radio channels (K1, K2, K3) of a pair of radio channels (A, B, C),

-the further radio device (FTCC) is suitably configured to transmit data using only the additional radio channel (K4), wherein the further radio device (FTCC) is suitably configured to transmit data to the further radio device (F1, \8230;, fm) using the additional radio channel (K4), and

-the further radio device (F1, \8230;, fm) is suitably configured to also receive data from the further radio device (FTCC) using the additional radio channel (K4).

7. The communication network (KN) according to claim 1, characterized in that it is an ad hoc communication network.

8. The communication network (KN) according to claim 4, characterized in that the vehicle (T) is a rail vehicle and the communication participants (TC) are vehicle-side monitoring and control units.

9. The communication network (KN) according to claim 5, characterized in that the further communication participant (TCC) is a line-side monitoring and control unit.

10. A method for operating a communication network (KN), in particular an ad hoc communication network, to which at least one mobile radio device (FT) and a plurality (m) of further radio devices (F1, \8230; fm) are provided, which are installed on a line (S), wherein,

-a respective one of the further radio devices (F1, \8230;, fm) for communicating with the other one of the further radio devices (F1, \8230;, fm) in the respective radio channel pair (A or B or C) in each of the two directions (R1, R2) of the line (S),

-the mobile radio device (FT) receives data using only all radio channels (K1, K2, K3) of the pair of radio channels (A, B, C), wherein the mobile radio device (FT) receives data from the further radio device using only all radio channels (K1, K2, K3) of the pair of radio channels (A, B, C),

-providing an additional radio channel (K4),

-the mobile radio device (FT) transmits data using only the additional radio channel (K4), the mobile radio device (FT) transmits data to the further radio device (F1, \8230; fm) using the additional radio channel (K4), and

-the further radio device (F1, \8230;, fm) receiving data using only the additional radio channel (K4), the further radio device (F1, \8230;, fm) receiving data from the mobile radio device (FT) using the additional radio channel (K4).

11. The method as set forth in claim 10, wherein,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the radio channel pair (A, B, C) is formed by three radio channels (K1, K2, K3) in such a way that the radio channel pair of a respective one (Fi) of the further radio devices (F1, \8230;, fm) differs in radio channel.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the first and second light sources are selected from the group consisting of,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the further radio devices (F1, \8230;, fm) are configured such that a respective consecutive three (Fk, fk +1, fk + 2) of the further radio devices (F1, \8230;, fm) use the three radio channels (K1, K2, K3) in an alternating manner.

13. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 12,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

a communication partner (TC) installed in the vehicle (T) is connected to the mobile radio device (FT).

14. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 12,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

at least one further communication partner (TCC) is connected with one (Fi) of the further radio devices (F1, \8230;, fm) or with another radio device (FTCC).

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the first and second light sources are selected from the group consisting of,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

-the other radio device (FTCC) receiving data using only all radio channels (K1, K2, K3) of a radio channel pair (A, B, C), the other radio device (FTCC) receiving data using all radio channels (K1,

k2 K3) receiving data from the further radio device (F1, \8230;, fm),

-the further radio device (FTCC) transmits data using only the additional radio channel (K4), the further radio device (FTCC) transmits data to the further radio device (F1, \8230;, fm) using the additional radio channel (K4), and

-the further radio device (F1, \8230;, fm) also uses the additional radio channel (K4) for receiving data from the further radio device (FTCC).

16. Method according to claim 10, characterized in that said communication network (KN) is an ad hoc communication network.

17. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the vehicle (T) is a rail vehicle and the communication partner (TC) is a vehicle-side monitoring and control unit.

18. Method according to claim 14, characterized in that the further communication partner (TCC) is a line-side monitoring and control unit.