HK1188685A

HK1188685A - Use of fluopyram for controlling nematodes in crops and for increasing yield

Info

Publication number: HK1188685A
Application number: HK14102025.9A
Authority: HK
Inventors: Heike Hungenberg; Helmut FÜRSCH; Heiko Rieck; Elke Hellwege
Original assignee: Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh
Priority date: 2010-12-01
Filing date: 2011-11-30
Publication date: 2014-05-16

Description

Use of fluopyram for controlling nematodes in crops and for increasing yield

Background

The present invention relates generally to the use of N- { [ 3-chloro-5- (trifluoromethyl) -2-pyridinyl ] ethyl } -2, 6-dichlorobenzamide (fluopyram) and compositions comprising fluopyram for controlling nematodes in vegetables, especially tomatoes and cucurbits, potatoes, corn, soybeans, cotton, tobacco, coffee, fruits, especially citrus fruits, pineapples and bananas, and grapes, and to methods which are particularly effective for controlling nematodes in crops consisting of vegetables (especially tomatoes and cucurbits), potatoes, peppers, carrots, onions, corn, soybeans, cotton, tobacco, coffee, sugar cane, fruits (especially citrus fruits, pineapples and bananas) and grapes, woody crops-pome, woody crops-stone fruit, woody crops-nuts, flowers and/or for increasing crop yield and for increasing yield.

Fluopyram is defined as a compound of formula (I)

And N-oxides of the compounds thereof.

Fluopyram is a broad-spectrum fungicide with osmotic and trans-plate (transminar) properties for foliar, drip, irrigation and seed treatment applications for a variety of economically important plant diseases in a wide range of different crops. It is very effective in preventive applications against powdery mildew species, gray mold species and white mold species. It has efficacy against many other plant diseases. Fluopyram has been shown to be active in spore germination, germ tube elongation and mycelium growth assays. On the biochemical level, fluopyram inhibits mitochondrial respiration by blocking electron transport in the succinate dehydrogenase respiratory chain (complex II-SDH inhibitors).

Fluopyram and its production starting from compounds which are known and commercially available are described in EP-A-1389614 and WO 2004/016088.

A general description of the nematicidal activity of pyridylethylbenzamide derivatives may be found in WO-A2008/126922.

Nematodes are small, vermiform, multicellular animals suitable for survival in water. The number of nematode species is estimated to be fifty thousand. As an important part of the soil zoosystem, nematodes live in a labyrinth formed by interconnected pathways called pores, which are created by the action of the soil. They move in a film of water attached to the soil particles. Most of the plant parasitic nematodes are root feeders, which are found in association with most plants. Some nematodes are endoparasitic, live and feed in tissues of roots, tubers, buds, seeds, etc. Others are ectoparasitic, feeding through the exterior of the plant wall. An endoparasitic nematode can kill a plant or reduce its productivity. Endoparasitic root feeders include such economically important pests as root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne species: (Meloidogyne genus: (L.))Meloidogyne) Species), reniform nematodes (reniform nematodes) ((reniform nematodes)Rotylenchulus) Species), cyst nematodes (cyst nematodes) (Heterodera) Species) and root-rot nematodes (Meloidogyne species: (Meloidogyne spp.) (Pratylenchus) Seed). Direct feeding by nematodes can severely reduce the plant's nutrient and water intake. Nematodes have the greatest impact on crop productivity when they attack the roots of seedlings immediately after seed germination. Nematode feeding also creates open wounds that provide access to a variety of plant pathogenic fungi and bacteria. These microbial infections often cause more serious economic damage than the direct effect of nematode feeding.

At present nematode control is of fundamental interest in preventing nematodes from attacking plants. Once a plant is parasitized, it is virtually impossible to kill nematodes without destroying the plant. Accordingly, it would be advantageous to provide nematode control compounds and methods of treating plants to prevent or reduce nematode damage.

Summary of The Invention

The present invention now provides the advantageous use of fluopyram for controlling nematode infestation in crops selected from vegetables, tomatoes, cucurbits, potatoes, peppers, carrots, onions, corn, soybeans, cotton, tobacco, coffee, sugar cane, fruits, citrus fruits, pineapples and bananas, and grapes, woody crops-pome, woody crops-stone fruits, woody crops-nuts, flowers and for increasing yield.

The present invention now provides the advantageous use of fluopyram for controlling nematode infestation in crops selected from vegetables, maize, soybean, cotton, tobacco, coffee, sugar cane, fruits, woody crops-nuts, flowers and for increasing yield.

The present invention now provides the advantageous use of fluopyram for controlling nematode infestation in crops selected from vegetables (especially tomatoes and cucurbits), potatoes, peppers, carrots, onions, corn, soybeans, cotton, tobacco, coffee, sugar cane, fruits (especially citrus fruits, pineapples and bananas) and grapes, woody crops-pome, woody crops-stone fruits, woody crops-nuts, flowers and for increasing yield.

The present invention now provides the advantageous use of fluopyram for controlling nematode infestation in crops selected from vegetables (especially tomatoes and cucurbits), potatoes, corn, soybeans, cotton, tobacco, coffee, fruits (especially citrus fruits, pineapples and bananas) and grapes and for increasing yield.

The invention also relates to the use of fluopyram for controlling nematode infestation in crops selected from vegetables (especially tomatoes and cucurbits), potatoes, corn, soybeans, cotton, tobacco, coffee, fruits (especially citrus fruits, pineapples and bananas) and grapesThe nematode is selected from the following genera: gliocladium species (A), (B), (CAphelenchoides spp.) Pine wood nematode disease (1)Bursaphelenchus spp.）、Ostertagia (Caulnaria genus)Ditylenchus spp.）、Heterodera globosa (C.), (C.), (C.Globodera spp.）、Heterodera (genus Heterodera)Heterodera spp.) Nematodiasis (D.longipes) ((II))Longidorus spp.) Meloidogyne species (A)Meloidogyne spp.) Pratylenchus (1)Pratylenchus spp.) (ii) Perforatus species (A), (B), (CRadopholus spp.) Bursaphelenchus (Bursaphelenchus) (II)Trichodorus spp.) Nematodiasis (A), (B), (C) and (D)Tylenchulus spp.) Sword nematode genus (A)Xiphinema spp.) Spiro nematodes (A)Helicotylenchus spp.) (ii) dwarf nematodesTylenchorhynchus spp.) Astrodon species (I), (II), (III)Scutellonema spp.) Isotrichia (D.isoburr) ((B))Paratrichodorus spp.）、Meloinema spp.Gliocladium spp (A) and (B) and (C)Paraphelenchus spp.) Genus Pradela (A)Aglenchus spp.) Nematodiasis (I)Belonolaimus spp.) Pearl nematode (1)Nacobbus spp.) Renal nematodes (1)Rotylenchulus spp.) Nematode (S) ((S))Rotylenchus spp.) Bacteroides phomophiloides (A), (B), (C), (B), (C), (Neotylenchus spp.) Isobasidioides (S.) (Paraphelenchus sppGenus Conidiophora (I), genus ConidiophoraDolichodorus spp.) Nematodiasis (I), nematodiasis (II)Hoplolaimus spp.) Coelocystis species (C.)Punctodera spp.) Cyclotella spp (I), (II), (IIICriconemella spp.) The five ditches belong to (Quinisulcius spp.) Genus coleoptera (A)Hemicycliophora spp.) Nematoda, nematoda (a)Anguina spp.）、Subanguina spp.Hemistrongyloides (A), (B), (C), (B), (C), (B), (Hemicriconemoides spp.) Ostertagia ostertagi (Ostertagia ostertagi)Psilenchus spp.）、Pseudohalenchus spp.Rotifer genus (A), (B), (C), (Criconemoides spp.) Nematodoptera necrotica (A)Cacopaurus spp.）。

The invention also relates to the use of fluopyram for controlling nematode infestations selected from vegetables (especially tomatoes and cucurbits), potatoes, peppers, carrots, onions, corn, soybeans, cotton, tobacco, coffee, sugar cane,Use of fruits (especially citrus fruits, pineapples and bananas) and crops of grapes, woody crops-pomes, woody crops-stone fruits, woody crops-nuts, flowers and for increasing the yield, of nematodes selected from the genera: gliocladium species (A), (B), (CAphelenchoides spp.) Pine wood nematode disease (1)Bursaphelenchus spp.）、Ostertagia (Caulnaria genus)Ditylenchus spp. ）、Heterodera globosa (C.), (C.), (C.Globodera spp. ）、Heterodera (genus Heterodera)Heterodera spp.) Nematodiasis (D.longipes) ((II))Longidorus spp.) Meloidogyne species (A)Meloidogyne spp.) Pratylenchus (1)Pratylenchus spp.) (ii) Perforatus species (A), (B), (CRadopholus spp.) Bursaphelenchus (Bursaphelenchus) (II)Trichodorus spp.) Nematodiasis (A), (B), (C) and (D)Tylenchulus spp.) Sword nematode genus (A)Xiphinema spp.) Spiro nematodes (A)Helicotylenchus spp.) (ii) dwarf nematodesTylenchorhynchus spp.) Astrodon species (I), (II), (III)Scutellonema spp.) Isotrichia (D.isoburr) ((B))Paratrichodorus spp.）、Meloinema spp.Gliocladium spp (A) and (B) and (C)Paraphelenchus spp.) Genus Pradela (A)Aglenchus spp.) Nematodiasis (I)Belonolaimus spp.) Pearl nematode (1)Nacobbus spp.) Renal nematodes (1)Rotylenchulus spp.) Nematode (S) ((S))Rotylenchus spp.) Bacteroides phomophiloides (A), (B), (C), (B), (C), (Neotylenchus spp.) Isobasidioides (S.) (Paraphelenchus sppGenus Conidiophora (I), genus ConidiophoraDolichodorus spp.) Nematodiasis (I), nematodiasis (II)Hoplolaimus spp.) Coelocystis species (C.)Punctodera spp.) Cyclotella spp (I), (II), (IIICriconemella spp.) The five ditches belong to (Quinisulcius spp.) Genus coleoptera (A)Hemicycliophora spp.) Nematoda, nematoda (a)Anguina spp.）、Subanguina spp.Hemistrongyloides (A), (B), (C), (B), (C), (B), (Hemicriconemoides spp.) Ostertagia ostertagi (Ostertagia ostertagi)Psilenchus spp.）、Pseudohalenchus spp.Rotifer genus (A), (B), (C), (Criconemoides spp.) Nematodoptera necrotica (A)Cacopaurus spp.）。

The invention also relates to fluorineUse of a pyraclostrobin to control a nematode species selected from the group consisting of: wild Ditylenchus chinensis (Fall. et Burm.) (Aglenchus agricola) Wheat grain nematode (1)Anguina tritici) Peanut leaf-root nematode (C)Aphelenchoides arachidis) Strawberry Globiostereum incarnatum (B.sp.)Aphelenchoidesfragariae）、BelonolaimusgracilisRoot of Dactylophora longissima (D.longissima)Belonolaimuslongicaudatus）、Belonolaimusnortoni、CacopauruspestisArthrotylenchus benevoli: (A)Criconemellacurvata）、Criconemella onoensisDecorative Cyclotella xylostella (C)Criconemella ornata）、Criconemella rusium(iii) Microencystia gracilis: (1)Criconemella xenoplaxArthrotylenchus fasciatus (C.encephalus)Mesocriconema xenoplax) And Cyclotylenchus in general,Criconemoides ferniae、Criconemoides onoense、Criconemoides ornatumAnd the usual nematodes of the genus rotifer, potato (Dolichos tuberosus), (A)Ditylenchus destructor) And nematodes of the bulb (C), (B)Ditylenchus dipsaci) And nematodes of the stalk of edible fungi: (Ditylenchus myceliophagus) And common Douglas species,Dolichodorus heterocephalusWhite potato nematode (C.) (Globodera pallidaWhite nematode of potato (1)Heterodera pallida））、Globodera rostochiensis、Globodera solanacearumTobacco cyst nematode (1)Globodera tabacum）、Globodera virginiaeDouble angle helical nematode (1)Helicotylenchus digonicus) Spiro dicocera, nematodesHelicotylenchus dihystera）、Helicotylenchus erythrineMultiple helical nematodes (a)Helicotylenchus multicinctus）、Helicotylenchus nannusFalse robust helical nematode (A), (B), (C), (B), (CHelicotylenchus pseudorobustus) And Spiro nematodes in general, hemiorbid, California ((R))Hemicriconemoides), Sphingomonas nudus ((III)Hemicycliophoraarenaria）、Hemicycliophoranudata、HemicycliophoraparvanaOat cyst nematode (A), (B), (C), (B), (C), (Heteroderaavenae) Cytosterus capsulatus of Brassicaceae (A)Heteroderacruciferae) Soybean cyst nematode (I), (II)Heteroderaglycines) Rice cyst nematode (I)Heteroderaoryzae) Beet cellBursal nematode (A)Heteroderaschachtii) Corn cyst nematode (C.) (Heteroderazeae) And common cyst nematodes,Hoplolaimus aegyptii、HoplolaimuscalifornicusColumbus nemorum (C.) (Hoplolaimuscolumbus) Helminthoid ligament (B)Hoplolaimusgaleatus) Nematoda indica (I) and (II)Hoplolaimusindicus）、HoplolaimusmagnistylusPseudotenacious nematode (C.), (B.), (C.)Hoplolaimuspararobustus）、Longidorusafricanus、LongidorusbreviannulatusLongilineae transversalis (Longidoruselongatus）、Longidoruslaevicapitatus、LongidorusvineacolaAnd the common nematodirus, root knot nematode of sorghum: (Meloidogyneacronea) African root knot nematode (A)Meloidogyneafricana) Root knot nematode of peanut (1)Meloidogynearenaria）、Meloidogynearenariathamesi、MeloidogyneartiellaRoot knot nematode of Heterowood (C) ((C))Meloidogynechitwoodi) Root knot nematode of coffee (C)Meloidogynecoffeicola) Root-knot nematode of Elaeagnus aethiopica (A)Meloidogyneethiopica) Root knot nematode (C. pumilus) (II)Meloidogyneexigua) Root knot nematode of grass (C.), (C.)Meloidogynegraminicola) Root knot nematode of Gramineae (A)Meloidogynegraminis) Meloidogyne incognita (C)Meloidogynehapla) Meloidogyne incognita (C.), (Meloidogyneincognita）、MeloidogyneincognitaacritaRoot-knot nematode of Java: (A)Meloidogynejavanica) Root-knot nematode of Gikuu (C.), (Meloidogynekikuyensis) Meloidogyne nasi (Nematoda)Meloidogynenaasi）、MeloidogyneparanaensisRoot knot nematode of Thames: (Meloidogynethamesi) And Meloidogyne species in general,MeloinemasppPearl nematode (Ex.), (Nacobbusaberrans）、NeotylenchusvigissiPseudolyphaea pratensis heterodera (C.pratensis)Paraphelenchus pseudoparietinus) Bursaphelenchus of Allium (Bursaphelenchus)Paratrichodorusallius）、ParatrichodoruslobatusMinor Bursaphelenchus (C.subulatus) ((C.subulatus))Paratrichodorusminor) Bursaphelenchus brevicaulis (C.brevicaulis) (C.brevicaulis)Paratrichodorusnanus) Porous Bursaphelenchus pseudoburr (C.), (Paratrichodorus porosus) Bursaphelenchus luosus (C) ((C))Paratrichodorusteres) And the usual Bursaphelenchus, Girardinia: (Paratylenchushamatus) The nematodes of the genus Trichonema (A), (B), (C), (BParatylenchusminutus) Against nematodes (I), (II)Paratylenchusprojectus) And the usual nematodes of the genus Nematoda, Brevibacterium agilis: (Pratylenchusagilis) Pratylenchus ehrenbergii (Brevibacterium elegans) (II)Pratylenchusalleni) Pratylenchus andesium (A), (B), (C), (B), (Pratylenchusandinus) Pratylenchus praecox (Brevibacterium sp.) (Pratylenchusbrachyurus）、PratylenchuscerealisPratylenchus coffeiPratylenchuscoffeae) Pratylenchus lineatus (C)Pratylenchuscrenatus) Pratylenchus delavayi (D.sp.) (B.delbrueckii)Pratylenchusdelattrei）、PratylenchusgiibbicaudatusPratylenchus gulipiens (C.gulenbachia)Pratylenchusgoodeyi）、PratylenchushamatusPratylenchus hexafasciatus (C)Pratylenchushexincisus) Pratylenchus lusii (B) ((B))Pratylenchusloosi) Pratylenchus falcatus (C.elegans)Pratylenchusneglectus) Pratylenchus penetrans (C.penetrans)Pratylenchuspenetrans) Pratylenchus pratensis (C.pratensis)Pratylenchuspratensis) Pratylenchus schrenbergii: (Pratylenchusscribneri) Pratylenchus luosus (C)Pratylenchusteres) Pratylenchus sonnei (C. sanguinea) ((C. sanguinea))Pratylenchusthornei) Pratylenchus praecox (A), (B), (C), (BPratylenchusvulnus) Pratylenchus maydis (C)Pratylenchuszeae) And Spodoptera species in general,Pseudohalenchus minutus、Psilenchusmagnidens、PsilenchustumidusCorn cyst nematode (Mexico)Punctoderachalcoensis）、Quinisulcius acutus(ii) Peroideus citroideus (Radopholuscitrophilus) (ii) radopholus similis: (Radopholussimilis）、RotylenchulusborealisReniform nematodes (a)Rotylenchulusparvus) Nephroid nematode disease (B)Rotylenchulusreniformis) And the usual Nematoda, Scutellaria rectus, (C) NematodaRotylenchuslaurentinus）、RotylenchusmacrodoratusTo strengthen the nematode in the spiral (1)Rotylenchus robustus）、RotylenchusuniformisAnd common Spodoptera spp, smallRoot of coccid (A)Scutellonemabrachyurum) Dioscorea zingiberensis (D.dioscorea)Scutellonemabradys) Root of Scutellaria geigera, (Scutellaria gigantea), (ScScutellonemaclathricaudatum) And the common Astrongylus species,Subanguinaradiciola、TetylenchusnicotianaeBurr nematode of drum: (Trichodorus cylindricus) Bursaphelenchus minax (Bursaphelenchus minax) (III)Trichodorusminor) Bursaphelenchus praecox (Bursaphelenchus praecox) (iii)Trichodorus primitivus）、TrichodorusproximusBurley-like nematodesTrichodorussimilis）、TrichodorussparsusAnd Burserra, Farmland dwarf nematodes in general (Tylenchorhynchusagri) Cabbage dwarf nematode (C.), (Tylenchorhynchusbrassicae) Clearing and brightening dwarf nematode (1)Tylenchorhynchusclarus) Kletto dwarf nematode (C.) (Tylenchorhynchusclaytoni）、Tylenchorhynchusdigitatus、TylenchorhynchusebriensisMaximum dwarf nematode (1)Tylenchorhynchusmaximus) Nude dwarf nematode (A), (B)Tylenchorhynchusnudus) Common dwarf nematode (I), (II)Tylenchorhynchusvulgaris) And the common pratylenchus, hemipenetrans nematodes ((Tylenchulussemipenetrans) American Sword nematode: (Xiphinemaamericanum) Sword worm with short neck: (Xiphinemabrevicolle）、XiphinemadimorphicaudatumStandard Sword nematode: (Xiphinemaindex) And sword-worm in general.

The invention therefore also relates to the use of a composition comprising, in addition to a bulking agent and/or a surfactant, a composition comprising a compound selected from the group consisting of a vegetable (especially tomatoes and cucurbits), potatoes, corn, soybeans, cotton, tobacco, coffee, fruit (especially citrus fruits, pineapples and bananas) and grapes for controlling nematode infestation and increasing yield

A) Fluopyram and

B) at least one agrochemically active compound.

The invention therefore also relates to the use of a composition comprising, in addition to a bulking agent and/or a surfactant, a crop selected from vegetables (especially tomatoes and cucurbits), potatoes, peppers, carrots, onions, corn, soybeans, cotton, tobacco, coffee, sugar cane, fruits (especially citrus fruits, pineapples and bananas) and grapes, woody crops-pomes, woody crops-stone fruits, woody crops-nuts, flowers for controlling nematode infestation and for increasing yield

A) Fluopyram and

B) at least one agrochemically active compound.

A) Fluopyram and

B) at least one agrochemically active compound,

the nematodes are selected from the genera: gliocladium species (A), (B), (CAphelenchoides spp.) Pine wood nematode disease (1)Bursaphelenchus spp.）、Ostertagia (Caulnaria genus)Ditylenchus spp. ）、Heterodera globosa (C.), (C.), (C.Globodera spp. ）、Heterodera (genus Heterodera)Heterodera spp.) Nematodiasis (D.longipes) ((II))Longidorus spp.) Meloidogyne species (A)Meloidogyne spp.) Pratylenchus (1)Pratylenchus spp.) (ii) Perforatus species (A), (B), (CRadopholus spp.) Bursaphelenchus (Bursaphelenchus) (II)Trichodorus spp.) Nematodiasis (A), (B), (C) and (D)Tylenchulus spp.) Sword nematode genus (A)Xiphinema spp.) Spiro nematodes (A)Helicotylenchus spp.) (ii) dwarf nematodesTylenchorhynchus spp.) Astrodon species (I), (II), (III)Scutellonema spp.) Isotrichia (D.isoburr) ((B))Paratrichodorus spp.）、Meloinema spp.Gliocladium spp (A) and (B) and (C)Paraphelenchus spp.) Genus Pradela (A)Aglenchus spp.) Nematodiasis (I)Belonolaimus spp.) Pearl nematode (1)Nacobbus spp.) Renal nematodes (1)Rotylenchulus spp.) Nematode (S) ((S))Rotylenchus spp.) Bacteroides phomophiloides (A), (B), (C), (B), (C), (Neotylenchus spp.) Isobasidioides (S.) (Paraphelenchus sppGenus Conidiophora (I), genus ConidiophoraDolichodorus spp.) Nematodiasis (I), nematodiasis (II)Hoplolaimus spp.) Coelocystis species (C.)Punctodera spp.) Cyclotella spp (I), (II), (IIICriconemella spp.) The five ditches belong to (Quinisulcius spp.) Genus coleoptera (A)Hemicycliophora spp.) Nematoda, nematoda (a)Anguina spp.）、Subanguina spp.Hemistrongyloides (A), (B), (C), (B), (C), (B), (Hemicriconemoides spp.) Ostertagia ostertagi (Ostertagia ostertagi)Psilenchus spp.）、Pseudohalenchus spp.Rotifer genus (A), (B), (C), (Criconemoides spp.) Nematodoptera necrotica (A)Cacopaurus spp.）。

A) Fluopyram and

B) at least one agrochemically active compound,

the nematodes are selected from the genera: gliocladium species (A), (B), (CAphelenchoides spp.) Pine wood nematode disease (1)Bursaphelenchus spp.）、Ostertagia (Caulnaria genus)Ditylenchus spp. ）、Heterodera globosa (C.), (C.), (C.Globodera spp. ）、Heterodera (genus Heterodera)Heterodera spp.) Nematodiasis (D.longipes) ((II))Longidorus spp.) Meloidogyne species (A)Meloidogyne spp.) Pratylenchus (1)Pratylenchus spp.) (ii) Perforatus species (A), (B), (CRadopholus spp.) Wool, furNematoda genus (A), (B), (CTrichodorus spp.) Nematodiasis (A), (B), (C) and (D)Tylenchulus spp.) Sword nematode genus (A)Xiphinema spp.) Spiro nematodes (A)Helicotylenchus spp.) (ii) dwarf nematodesTylenchorhynchus spp.) Astrodon species (I), (II), (III)Scutellonema spp.) Isotrichia (D.isoburr) ((B))Paratrichodorus spp.）、Meloinema spp.Gliocladium spp (A) and (B) and (C)Paraphelenchus spp.) Genus Pradela (A)Aglenchus spp.) Nematodiasis (I)Belonolaimus spp.) Pearl nematode (1)Nacobbus spp.) Renal nematodes (1)Rotylenchulus spp.) Nematode (S) ((S))Rotylenchus spp.) Bacteroides phomophiloides (A), (B), (C), (B), (C), (Neotylenchus spp.) Isobasidioides (S.) (Paraphelenchus sppGenus Conidiophora (I), genus ConidiophoraDolichodorus spp.) Nematodiasis (I), nematodiasis (II)Hoplolaimus spp.) Coelocystis species (C.)Punctodera spp.) Cyclotella spp (I), (II), (IIICriconemella spp.) The five ditches belong to (Quinisulcius spp.) Genus coleoptera (A)Hemicycliophora spp.) Nematoda, nematoda (a)Anguina spp.）、Subanguina spp.Hemistrongyloides (A), (B), (C), (B), (C), (B), (Hemicriconemoides spp.) Ostertagia ostertagi (Ostertagia ostertagi)Psilenchus spp.）、Pseudohalenchus spp.Rotifer genus (A), (B), (C), (Criconemoides spp.) Nematodoptera necrotica (A)Cacopaurus spp.）。

The invention therefore also relates to the use of a composition comprising, in addition to a bulking agent and/or a surfactant, a composition comprising a nematicidal agent to control nematode infestation in crops selected from vegetables (especially tomatoes and cucurbits), potatoes, corn, soybeans, cotton, tobacco, coffee, fruit (especially citrus fruits, pineapples and bananas) and grapes and to increase yield

A) Fluopyram and

B) at least one agrochemically active compound,

the nematode species is selected from: wild Ditylenchus chinensis (Fall. et Burm.) (Aglenchus agricola) Wheat grain nematode (1)Anguina tritici) Peanut leaf-root nematode (C)Aphelenchoides arachidis) Strawberry Globiostereum incarnatum (B.sp.)Aphelenchoides fragariae）、BelonolaimusgracilisRoot of Dactylophora longissima (D.longissima)Belonolaimuslongicaudatus）、Belonolaimusnortoni、CacopauruspestisArthrotylenchus benevoli: (A)Criconemellacurvata）、CriconemellaonoensisDecorative Cyclotella xylostella (C)Criconemellaornata）、Criconemellarusium(iii) Microencystia gracilis: (1)CriconemellaxenoplaxArthrotylenchus fasciatus (C.encephalus)Mesocriconemaxenoplax) And Cyclotylenchus in general,Criconemoidesferniae、Criconemoidesonoense、Criconemoidesornatum) And the usual nematodes of the genus rotifer, potato (Dolichos tuberosus), (A)Ditylenchusdestructor) And nematodes of the bulb (C), (B)Ditylenchusdipsaci) And nematodes of the stalk of edible fungi: (Ditylenchusmyceliophagus) And Meloidogyne spp in general, (C)Dolichodorusheterocephalus) White potato nematode (C.) (GloboderapallidaWhite nematode of potato (1)Heterodera pallida））、Globoderarostochiensis、GloboderasolanacearumTobacco cyst nematode (1)Globoderatabacum）、GloboderavirginiaeDouble angle helical nematode (1)Helicotylenchusdigonicus) Spiro dicocera, nematodesHelicotylenchusdihystera）、HelicotylenchuserythrineMultiple helical nematodes (a)Helicotylenchusmulticinctus）、HelicotylenchusnannusFalse robust helical nematode (A), (B), (C), (B), (CHelicotylenchus pseudorobustus) And Spiro nematodes in general, hemiorbid, California ((R))Hemicriconemoides) Sheath nude nematode (C.), (B.), (CHemicycliophoraarenaria）、Hemicycliophoranudata、HemicycliophoraparvanaOat cyst nematode (A), (B), (C), (B), (C), (Heteroderaavenae) Cytosterus capsulatus of Brassicaceae (A)Heteroderacruciferae) Soybean cyst nematode (I), (II)Heteroderaglycines) Rice cyst nematode (I)Heteroderaoryzae) Beet cyst nematode (C.) (Heteroderaschachtii) Corn cyst nematode (C.) (Heteroderazeae) and common cyst nematodes,Hoplolaimus aegyptii、HoplolaimuscalifornicusColumbus nemorum (C.) (Hoplolaimuscolumbus) Helminthoid ligament (B)Hoplolaimusgaleatus) Nematoda indica (I) and (II)Hoplolaimusindicus）、HoplolaimusmagnistylusPseudotenacious nematode (C.), (B.), (C.)Hoplolaimuspararobustus）、Longidorusafricanus、LongidorusbreviannulatusLongilineae transversalis (Longidoruselongatus）、Longidoruslaevicapitatus、Longidorusvineacola) And the common nematodirus, root knot nematode of sorghum: (Meloidogyneacronea) African root knot nematode (A)Meloidogyneafricana) Root knot nematode of peanut (1)Meloidogynearenaria）、Meloidogynearenariathamesi、MeloidogyneartiellaRoot knot nematode of Heterowood (C) ((C))Meloidogynechitwoodi) Root knot nematode of coffee (C)Meloidogynecoffeicola) Root-knot nematode of Elaeagnus aethiopica (A)Meloidogyneethiopica) Root knot nematode (C. pumilus) (II)Meloidogyneexigua) Root knot nematode of grass (C.), (C.)Meloidogynegraminicola) Root knot nematode of Gramineae (A)Meloidogynegraminis) Meloidogyne incognita (C)Meloidogynehapla）、Meloidogyne incognita (C.) (Meloidogyneincognita）、MeloidogyneincognitaacritaRoot-knot nematode of Java: (A)Meloidogynejavanica) Root-knot nematode of Gikuu (C.), (Meloidogynekikuyensis) Meloidogyne nasi (Nematoda)Meloidogynenaasi）、MeloidogyneparanaensisRoot knot nematode of Thames: (Meloidogynethamesi) And Meloidogyne species in general,MeloinemasppPearl nematode (Ex.), (Nacobbusaberrans）、NeotylenchusvigissiPseudolyphaea pratensis heterodera (C.pratensis)Paraphelenchuspseudoparietinus), Bursaphelenchus pseudoburseye (of genus Allium) ((ii)Paratrichodorus allius）、ParatrichodoruslobatusMinor Bursaphelenchus (C.subulatus) ((C.subulatus))Paratrichodorusminor) Bursaphelenchus brevicaulis (C.brevicaulis) (C.brevicaulis)Paratrichodorus nanus) Porous Bursaphelenchus pseudoburr (C.), (Paratrichodorusporosus) Bursaphelenchus luosus (C) ((C))Paratrichodorusteres) And the usual Bursaphelenchus, Girardinia: (Paratylenchushamatus) The nematodes of the genus Trichonema (A), (B), (C), (BParatylenchusminutus) Against nematodes (I), (II)Paratylenchusprojectus) And the usual nematodes of the genus Nematoda, Brevibacterium agilis: (Pratylenchusagilis) Pratylenchus ehrenbergii (Brevibacterium elegans) (II)Pratylenchusalleni) Pratylenchus andesium (A), (B), (C), (B), (Pratylenchusandinus) Pratylenchus praecox (Brevibacterium sp.) (Pratylenchusbrachyurus）、PratylenchuscerealisPratylenchus coffeiPratylenchuscoffeae) Pratylenchus lineatus (C)Pratylenchuscrenatus) Pratylenchus delavayi (D.sp.) (B.delbrueckii)Pratylenchusdelattrei）、PratylenchusgiibbicaudatusPratylenchus gulipiens (C.gulenbachia)Pratylenchusgoodeyi）、Pratylenchus hamatusPratylenchus hexafasciatus (C)Pratylenchushexincisus) Pratylenchus lusii (B) ((B))Pratylenchus loosi) Pratylenchus falcatus (C.elegans)Pratylenchus neglectus) Pratylenchus penetrans (C.penetrans)Pratylenchus penetrans) Pratylenchus pratensis (C.pratensis)Pratylenchus pratensis) Pratylenchus schrenbergii: (Pratylenchus scribneri) Pratylenchus luosus (C)Pratylenchus teres) Pratylenchus sonnei (C. sanguinea) ((C. sanguinea))Pratylenchus thornei) Pratylenchus praecox (A), (B), (C), (BPratylenchus vulnus) Pratylenchus maydis (C)Pratylenchus zeae) And Spodoptera species in general,Pseudohalenchus minutus、Psilenchus magnidens、Psilenchus tumidusCorn cyst nematode (Mexico)Punctodera chalcoensis）、Quinisulcius acutus(ii) Peroideus citroideus (Radopholus citrophilus) (ii) radopholus similis: (Radopholus similis）、Rotylenchulus borealisReniform nematodes (a)Rotylenchulus parvus) Nephroid nematode disease (B)Rotylenchulus reniformis) And the usual Nematoda, Scutellaria rectus, (C) NematodaRotylenchus laurentinus）、Rotylenchus macrodoratusTo strengthen the nematode in the spiral (1)Rotylenchus robustus）、Rotylenchus uniformisAnd the common nematode species Spodoptera, Scutellaria parvum ((II))Scutellonema brachyurum) Dioscorea zingiberensis (D.dioscorea)Scutellonema bradys) Root of Scutellaria geigera, (Scutellaria gigantea), (ScScutellonema clathricaudatum) And the common Astrongylus species,Subanguina radiciola、Tetylenchus nicotianaeBurr nematode of drum: (Trichodorus cylindricus) Bursaphelenchus minax (Bursaphelenchus minax) (III)Trichodorusminor) Bursaphelenchus praecox (Bursaphelenchus praecox) (iii)Trichodorusprimitivus）、TrichodorusproximusBurley-like nematodesTrichodorussimilis）、TrichodorussparsusAnd Burserra, Farmland dwarf nematodes in general (Tylenchorhynchusagri) Cabbage dwarf nematode (C.), (Tylenchorhynchusbrassicae) Clearing and brightening dwarf nematode (1)Tylenchorhynchusclarus) Kletto dwarf nematode (C.) (Tylenchorhynchus claytoni）、Tylenchorhynchusdigitatus、TylenchorhynchusebriensisMaximum dwarf nematode (1)Tylenchorhynchusmaximus) Nude dwarf nematode (A), (B)Tylenchorhynchus nudus) Common dwarf nematode (I), (II)Tylenchorhynchusvulgaris) And the common pratylenchus, hemipenetrans nematodes ((Tylenchulussemipenetrans) American Sword nematode: (Xiphinemaamericanum) Sword worm with short neck: (Xiphinemabrevicolle）、XiphinemadimorphicaudatumStandard Sword nematode: (Xiphinemaindex) And sword-worm in general.

The invention therefore also relates to the use of a composition comprising, in addition to a filler and/or a surfactant, a composition comprising a crop selected from vegetables (especially tomatoes and cucurbits), potatoes, peppers, carrots, onions, corn, soybeans, cotton, tobacco, coffee, sugar cane, fruits (especially citrus fruits, pineapples and bananas) and grapes, woody crops-pomes, woody crops-stone fruits, woody crops-nuts, flowers for controlling nematode infestation and for increasing yield

A) Fluopyram and

B) at least one agrochemically active compound,

the nematode species is selected from: wild Ditylenchus chinensis (Fall. et Burm.) (Aglenchus agricola) Wheat grain nematode (1)Anguina tritici) PeanutRoot of Globodera (C.), (Aphelenchoides arachidis) Strawberry Globiostereum incarnatum (B.sp.)Aphelenchoides fragariae）、Belonolaimusgracilis 、Root of Longtail nematode (Acanthopanax longissima: (C.))Belonolaimus longicaudatus）、Belonolaimus nortoni、Cacopaurus pestisArthrotylenchus benevoli: (A)Criconemella curvata）、Criconemella onoensisDecorative Cyclotella xylostella (C)Criconemella ornata）、Criconemella rusium(iii) Microencystia gracilis: (1)Criconemella xenoplaxArthrotylenchus fasciatus (C.encephalus)Mesocriconema xenoplax) And Cyclotylenchus in general,Criconemoides ferniae、Criconemoides onoense、Criconemoides ornatumAnd the usual nematodes of the genus rotifer, potato (Dolichos tuberosus), (A)Ditylenchus destructor) And nematodes of the bulb (C), (B)Ditylenchus dipsaci) And nematodes of the stalk of edible fungi: (Ditylenchus myceliophagus) And common Douglas species,Dolichodorus heterocephalusWhite potato nematode (C.) (Globodera pallidaWhite nematode of potato (1)Heterodera pallida））、Globodera rostochiensis、Globodera solanacearumTobacco cyst nematode (1)Globodera tabacum）、Globodera virginiaeDouble angle helical nematode (1)Helicotylenchus digonicus) Spiro dicocera, nematodesHelicotylenchus dihystera）、Helicotylenchus erythrineMultiple helical nematodes (a)Helicotylenchus multicinctus）、Helicotylenchus nannusFalse robust helical nematode (A), (B), (C), (B), (CHelicotylenchus pseudorobustus) And Spiro nematodes in general, hemiorbid, California ((R))Hemicriconemoides) Sheath nude nematode (C.), (B.), (CHemicycliophoraarenaria）、Hemicycliophoranudata、HemicycliophoraparvanaOat cyst nematode (A), (B), (C), (B), (C), (Heteroderaavenae) Cytosterus capsulatus of Brassicaceae (A)Heteroderacruciferae) Soybean cyst nematode (I), (II)Heterodera glycines) Rice cyst nematode (I)Heterodera oryzae) Beet cyst nematode (C.) (Heterodera schachtii) Corn cyst nematode (C.) (Heterodera zeae) And common cyst nematodes,Hoplolaimus aegyptii、HoplolaimuscalifornicusColumbus nemorum (C.) (Hoplolaimuscolumbus) Helminthoid ligament (B)Hoplolaimusgaleatus) Nematoda indica (I) and (II)Hoplolaimusindicus）、Hoplolaimus magnistylusPseudotenacious nematode (C.), (B.), (C.)Hoplolaimuspararobustus）、Longidorusafricanus、LongidorusbreviannulatusLongilineae transversalis (Longidoruselongatus）、Longidoruslaevicapitatus、LongidorusvineacolaAnd the common nematodirus, root knot nematode of sorghum: (Meloidogyneacronea) African root knot nematode (A)Meloidogyne africana) Root knot nematode of peanut (1)Meloidogynearenaria）、Meloidogyne arenaria thamesi、Meloidogyne artiellaRoot knot nematode of Heterowood (C) ((C))Meloidogynechitwoodi) Root knot nematode of coffee (C)Meloidogynecoffeicola) Root-knot nematode of Elaeagnus aethiopica (A)Meloidogyneethiopica) Root knot nematode (C. pumilus) (II)Meloidogyneexigua) Root knot nematode of grass (C.), (C.)Meloidogynegraminicola) Root knot nematode of Gramineae (A)Meloidogynegraminis) Meloidogyne incognita (C)Meloidogynehapla) Meloidogyne incognita (C.), (Meloidogyneincognita）、Meloidogyne incognitaacritaRoot-knot nematode of Java: (A)Meloidogynejavanica) Root-knot nematode of Gikuu (C.), (Meloidogynekikuyensis) Meloidogyne nasi (Nematoda)Meloidogynenaasi）、MeloidogyneparanaensisMeloidogyne thamnare (Meloidogyne thamnis) and Meloidogyne spp in general,MeloinemasppPearl nematode (Ex.), (Nacobbusaberrans）、NeotylenchusvigissiPseudolyphaea pratensis heterodera (C.pratensis)Paraphelenchuspseudoparietinus) Bursaphelenchus of Allium (Bursaphelenchus)Paratrichodorus allius）、ParatrichodoruslobatusMinor Bursaphelenchus (C.subulatus) ((C.subulatus))Paratrichodorus minor) Bursaphelenchus brevicaulis (C.brevicaulis) (C.brevicaulis)Paratrichodorusnanus) Porous Bursaphelenchus pseudoburr (C.), (Paratrichodorus porosus) Bursaphelenchus luosus (C) ((C))Paratrichodorusteres) And the usual Bursaphelenchus, Girardinia: (Paratylenchushamatus) The nematodes of the genus Trichonema (A), (B), (C), (BParatylenchusminutus) Against nematodes (I), (II)Paratylenchusprojectus) And the usual nematodes of the genus Nematoda, Brevibacterium agilis: (Pratylenchusagilis) Pratylenchus ehrenbergii (Brevibacterium elegans) (II)Pratylenchusalleni) Pratylenchus andesium (A), (B), (C), (B), (Pratylenchusandinus) Pratylenchus praecox (Brevibacterium sp.) (Pratylenchusbrachyurus）、PratylenchuscerealisPratylenchus coffeiPratylenchuscoffeae) Pratylenchus lineatus (C)Pratylenchuscrenatus) Pratylenchus delavayi (D.sp.) (B.delbrueckii)Pratylenchusdelattrei）、PratylenchusgiibbicaudatusPratylenchus gulipiens (C.gulenbachia)Pratylenchusgoodeyi）、PratylenchushamatusPratylenchus hexafasciatus (C)Pratylenchushexincisus) Pratylenchus lusii (B) ((B))Pratylenchusloosi) Pratylenchus falcatus (C.elegans)Pratylenchus neglectus) Pratylenchus penetrans (C.penetrans)Pratylenchuspenetrans) Pratylenchus pratensis (C.pratensis)Pratylenchuspratensis) Pratylenchus schrenbergii: (Pratylenchusscribneri) Pratylenchus luosus (C)Pratylenchusteres) Pratylenchus sonnei (C. sanguinea) ((C. sanguinea))Pratylenchusthornei) Pratylenchus praecox (A), (B), (C), (BPratylenchusvulnus) Pratylenchus maydis (C)Pratylenchuszeae) And Spodoptera species in general,Pseudohalenchus minutus、Psilenchusmagnidens、PsilenchustumidusCorn cyst nematode (Mexico)Punctoderachalcoensis）、Quinisulciusacutus(ii) Peroideus citroideus (Radopholuscitrophilus) (ii) radopholus similis: (Radopholussimilis）、RotylenchulusborealisReniform nematodes (a)Rotylenchulusparvus) Nephroid nematode disease (B)Rotylenchulusreniformis) And the usual Nematoda, Scutellaria rectus, (C) NematodaRotylenchuslaurentinus）、RotylenchusmacrodoratusTo strengthen the nematode in the spiral (1)Rotylenchusrobustus）、RotylenchusuniformisAnd the common nematode species Spodoptera, Scutellaria parvum ((II))Scutellonemabrachyurum) Dioscorea zingiberensis (D.dioscorea)Scutellonemabradys) Root of Scutellaria geigera, (Scutellaria gigantea), (ScScutellonemaclathricaudatum) And the common Astrongylus species,Subanguinaradiciola、TetylenchusnicotianaeBurr nematode of drum: (Trichodoruscylindricus) Bursaphelenchus minax (Bursaphelenchus minax) (III)Trichodorusminor) Bursaphelenchus praecox (Bursaphelenchus praecox) (iii)Trichodorusprimitivus）、TrichodorusproximusBurley-like nematodesTrichodorussimilis）、TrichodorussparsusAnd Burserra, Farmland dwarf nematodes in general (Tylenchorhynchus agri) Cabbage dwarf nematode (C.), (Tylenchorhynchusbrassicae) Clearing and brightening dwarf nematode (1)Tylenchorhynchusclarus) Kletto dwarf nematode (C.) (Tylenchorhynchus claytoni）、Tylenchorhynchusdigitatus、TylenchorhynchusebriensisMaximum dwarf nematode (1)Tylenchorhynchusmaximus) Nude dwarf nematode (A), (B)Tylenchorhynchusnudus) Common dwarf nematode (I), (II)Tylenchorhynchusvulgaris) And the common pratylenchus, hemipenetrans nematodes ((Tylenchulussemipenetrans) American Sword nematode: (Xiphinemaamericanum) Sword worm with short neck: (Xiphinemabrevicolle）、XiphinemadimorphicaudatumStandard Sword nematode: (Xiphinemaindex) And sword-worm in general.

Exemplary methods of the invention include applying fluopyram of the invention to soil or plants (e.g., seeds or foliage) to control nematode damage and/or to increase crop yield.

Description of the preferred embodiments

Examples of vegetables are broccoli, cauliflower, artichoke, sweet corn (maize), pea, bean, kale, spinach, arugula, beets green, pakchoi, oxhide, cabbage heart, turnip, chicory, lettuce, mustard, watercress, leek, cabbage, leek, brussel sprout, bushel, caper nut, kohlrabi, celery, rhubarb, artichoke, celery, citronella, asparagus, bamboo shoots, galangal and ginger, potato, jerusalem artichoke, sweet potato, taro, yam bean sprouts, mung bean, urad, alfalfa, carrot, parsnip, beet, waterradish, turnip cabbage, radish, burdock, onion, shallot, garlic, tomato, cucurbitaceae (cucumber, squash, pumpkin, melon, luffa, gourd, watermelon), pumpkin, pepper, eggplant, solanum dulcamara, finger citron, okra, bread and alligator avocado, Kidney bean, lentil, and sweet broad bean.

Preferred vegetables are tomatoes, cucurbits, potatoes, peppers, carrots, onions.

Woody crops-stone fruits are for example apricot, cherry, almond and peach.

Woody crops-pomes are for example apples, pears.

Woody crops-nuts are for example beech, brazil nut, stone chestnut, cashew nut, Chinese chestnut (including chinese chestnut, sweet chestnut), colocynth, pumpkin with black seeds, Hazelnut (Filbert), chile nut, pecan (including pecan, pecan), olive tree, Hazelnut (Hazelnut), hokuc, kola nut, hawaii nut, malabara nut, pistachio, honey fruit, Maya nut, mongo, Oak acorn (Oak acorn), Ogbono nut, Paradise nut, pecan olive, walnut, black walnut, water chestnut.

In the present context, agrochemically active compounds are understood to mean all substances which are or can be used conventionally for the treatment of plants. Fungicides, bactericides, insecticides, acaricides, nematicides, molluscicides, safeners, plant growth regulators and plant nutrients and biological control agents may preferably be mentioned.

Mixing partner

Examples of fungicides which may be mentioned are:

1) inhibitors of ergosterol biosynthesis, for example (1.1) dodecamorpholine (1704-28-5), (1.2) azaconazole (60207-31-0), (1.3) bitertanol (55179-31-2), (1.4) bromuconazole (116255-48-2), (1.5) cyproconazole (113096-99-4), (1.6) benzylchlorotriazolol (75736-33-3), (1.7) difenoconazole (119446-68-3), (1.8) diniconazole (83657-24-3), (1.9) diniconazole-M (83657-18-5), (1.10) moroxydine (1593-77-7), (1.11) moroxydine acetate (31717-87-0), (1.12) epoxiconazole (106325-08-0), (1.13) epoxiconazole (60207-93-4), (1.14) fenarimol (60168-88-9), (1.15) fenbuconazole (114369-43-6), (1.16) fenhexamid (126833-17-8), (1.17) fenpropidin (67306-00-7), (1.18) fluquinconazole (67306-03-0), (1.19) fluquinconazole (136426-54-5), (1.20) flurprimidol (56425-91-3), (1.21) flusilazole (85509-19-9), (1.22) flutriafol (76674-21-0), (1.23) furconazole (112839-33-5), (1.24) furconazole (112839-32-4), (1.25) hexaconazole (79983-71-4), (1.26) imazalil (60534-80-7), (1.27) imazalil sulfate (58594-72-2), (1.28) imibenconazole (86598-92-7), (1.29) ipconazole (125225-28-7), (1.30) metconazole (125116-23-6), (1.31) myclobutanil (88671-89-0), (1.32) naftifine (65472-88-0), (1.33) thiabendazole (63284-71-9), (1.34) oxpoconazole (174212-12-5), (1.35) paclobutrazol (76738-62-0), (1.36) pefurazoate (101903-30-4), (1.37) penconazole (66246-88-6), (1.38) propineb (3478-94-2), (1.39) prochloraz (677-09-5), (1.40) propiconazole (60207-90-1), (1.41) prothioconazole (178928-70-6), (1.42) propanil (26-67-5), (1.43) pyribenzoxim (88283-41-4), (1.44) cloquinconazole (103970-75-8), (1.45) simeconazole (149508-90-7), (1.46) spiroxamine (118134-30-8), (1.47) tebuconazole (107534-96-3), (1.48) terbinafine (91161-71-6), (1.49) tetraconazole (112281-77-3), (1.50) triazolone (43121-43-3), (1.51) triadimenol (89482-17-7), (1.52) tridemorph (81412-43-3), (1.53) triflumizole (68694-11-1), (1.54) azinam-aminoum (26644-46-2), (1.55) triticonazole (131983-72-7), (1.56) uniconazole (83657-22-1), (1.57) uniconazole (83657-17-7), (1.58) Alexazol (77174-66-4), (1.59) voriconazole (137234-62-9), (1.60) methyl 1- (4-chlorophenyl) -2- (1H-1,2, 4-triazol-1-yl) cycloheptanol (129586-32-9), (1.61) methyl 1- (2, 2-dimethyl-2, 3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl) -1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate (110323-95-0), (1.62) N' - {5- (difluoromethyl) -2-methyl-4- [3- (trimethylsilyl) propoxy ] phenyl } -N-ethyl-N-methyliminocarboxamide, N-ethylcarbamimidoyl-amide, N-propylmethyl-1-yl-1H-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate (110323-95-0), (1.63) N-Ethyl-N-methyl-N' - { 2-methyl-5- (trifluoromethyl) -4- [3- (trimethylsilyl) propoxy ] phenyl } iminocarboxamide and (1.64) O- [1- (4-methoxyphenoxy) -3, 3-dimethylbut-2-yl ] 1H-imidazole-1-thiocarbamate (111226-71-2).

(2) Respiratory chain inhibitors of the complex I or II, for example (2.1) bixafen (581809-46-3), (2.2) boscalid (188425-85-6), (2.3) carboxin (5234-68-4), (2.4) difluoroforest (130339-07-0), (2.5) methylfuroamide (24691-80-3), (2.6) fluopyram (658066-35-4), (2.7) flutolamide (66332-96-5), (2.8) fluxapyroxad (907204-31-3), (2.9) furazolidine (123572-88-3), (2.10) mobaracene (60568-05-0), (2.11) naphthyridine (a mixture of ipsilateral epimeric racemate 1RS,4SR,9RS and heteroepimeric racemate 1RS,4SR,9SR) (881685-58-1) (2.12) naphthyridine (heteroscedastic racemate 1RS,4SR,9SR), (2.13) naphthyridine (heteroscedastic racemate 1R,4S,9S), (2.14) naphthyridine (heteroscedastic racemate 1S,4R,9R), (2.15) naphthyridine (homoscedastic racemate 1RS,4SR,9RS), (2.16) naphthyridine (homoscedastic racemate 1R,4S,9R), (2.17) naphthyridine (homoscedastic racemate 1S,4R,9S), (2.18) fenacet (55814-41-0), (2.19) oxabetrinine (5259-88-1), (2.20) penflufen (494793-67-8), (2.21) thiavalicarb (183675-82-3), and (2.22) propanamide (874967-3567-3), (2.23) thifluzamide (130000-40-7), (2.24) 1-methyl-N- [2- (1,1,2, 2-tetrafluoroethoxy) phenyl ] -3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.25)3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-N- [2- (1,1,2, 2-tetrafluoroethoxy) phenyl ] -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.26)3- (difluoromethyl) -N- [ 4-fluoro-2- (1,1,2,3,3, 3-hexafluoropropoxy) phenyl ] -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.27) N- [1- (2, 4-dichlorophenyl) -1-methoxypropan-2-yl ] -3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (1092400-95-7) (WO 2008148570), (2.28)5, 8-difluoro-N- [2- (2-fluoro-4- { [4- (trifluoromethyl) pyridin-2-yl ] oxy } phenyl) ethyl ] quinazolin-4-amine (1210070-84-0) (WO2010025451), (2.29) N- [9- (dichloromethylene) -1,2,3, 4-tetrahydro-1, 4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl ] -3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.30) N- [ (1S,4R) -9- (dichloromethylene) -1,2,3, 4-tetrahydro-1, 4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl ] -3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide and (2.31) N- [ (1R,4S) -9- (dichloromethylene) -1,2,3, 4-tetrahydro-1, 4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl ] -3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide.

(3) Respiratory chain inhibitors of Complex III, for example (3.1) ametoctradin (865318-97-4), (3.2) amisulbrom (348635-87-0), (3.3) azoxystrobin (131860-33-8), (3.4) cyazofamid (120116-88-3), (3.5) toluate (850881-30-0), (3.6) coumoxystrobin (850881-70-8), (3.7) dimoxystrobin (141600-52-4), (3.8) enestrobin (238410-11-2) (WO 2004/058723), (3.9) famoxadone (131807-57-3) (WO 2004/058723), (3.10) fenamidone (326-34-7) (WO 2004/058723), (3.11) fenoxystrobin (918162-02-4), (3.12) fluoxastrobin (361377-29-9) (WO 2004/058723), (3.13) kresoxim-methyl (143390-89-0) (WO 2004/058723), (3.14) metominostrobin (133408-50-1) (WO 2004/058723), (3.15) orysastrobin (189892-69-1) (WO 2004/058723), (3.16) picoxystrobin (117428-22-5) (WO 2004/058723), (3.17) pyraclostrobin (175013-18-0) (WO 2004/058723), (3.18) pyraclostrobin (915410-70-7) (WO 2004/058723), (3.19) pyraclostrobin (862588-11-2) (WO 2004/058723), (3.20) pyraclostrobin (799247-52-2) (WO 2004/058723), (3.21) clopicolinate (902760-40-1), (3.22) trifluosensitive (141517-21-7) (WO 2004/058723), (3.23) (2E) -2- (2- { [6- (3-chloro-2-methylphenoxy) -5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -2- (methoxyimino) -N-methylacetamide (WO 2004/058723), (3.24) (2E) -2- (methoxyimino) -N-methyl-2- (2- { [ ({ (1E) -1- [3- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl ] ethylidene } amino) oxy ] methyl } phenyl) acetamide (WO 2004/058723), (3.25) (2E) -2- (methoxyimino) -N-methyl-2- {2- [ (E) - ({1- [3- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl ] ethoxy } imino) methyl ] benzene Yl } acetamide (158169-73-4), (3.26) (2E) -2- {2- [ ({ [ (1E) -1- (3- { [ (E) -1-fluoro-2-phenylethenyl ] oxy } phenyl) ethylidene ] amino } oxy) methyl ] phenyl } -2- (methoxyimino) -N-methylacetamide (326896-28-0), (3.27) (2E) -2- {2- [ ({ [ (2E,3E) -4- (2, 6-dichlorophenyl) butan-3-en-2-yl ] amino } oxy) methyl ] phenyl } -2- (methoxyimino) -N-methylacetamide, (3.28) 2-chloro-N- (1,1, 3-trimethyl-2, 3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl) pyridine-3-carboxamide (119899-14-8), (3.29) 5-methoxy-2-methyl-4- (2- { [ ({ (1E) -1- [3- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl ] ethylidene } amino) oxy ] methyl } phenyl) -2, 4-dihydro-3H-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-one, (3.30) (2E) -2- {2- [ ({ cyclopropyl [ (4-methoxyphenyl) imino ] methyl } sulfanyl) methyl ] phenyl } -3-methoxyprop-2-enoic acid methyl ester (149601-03-6)), (3.31) N- (3-Ethyl-3, 5, 5-trimethylcyclohexyl) -3- (formylamino) -2-hydroxybenzamide (226551-21-9), (3.32)2- {2- [ (2, 5-dimethylphenoxy) methyl ] phenyl } -2-methoxy-N-methylacetamide (173662-97-0) and (3.33) (2R) -2- {2- [ (2, 5-dimethylphenoxy) methyl ] phenyl } -2-methoxy-N-methylacetamide (394657-24-0).

(4) Inhibitors of mitosis and cell division, for example (4.1) benomyl (17804-35-2), (4.2) carbendazim (10605-21-7), (4.3) benzimidazol (3574-96-7), (4.4) diethofencarb (87130-20-9), (4.5) ethaboxam (162650-77-3), (4.6) fluopicolide (239110-15-7), (4.7) fuberidazole (3878-19-1), (4.8) pencycuron (66063-05-6), (4.9) thiabendazole (148-79-8), (4.10) thiophanate-methyl (23564-05-8), (4.11) thiophanate (23564-06-9), (4.12) zoxamide (156052-68-5), (4.13) 5-chloro-7- (4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) -6- (2), 4, 6-trifluorophenyl) [1,2,4] triazolo [1,5-a ] pyrimidine (214706-53-3) and (4.14) 3-chloro-5- (6-chloropyridin-3-yl) -6-methyl-4- (2,4, 6-trifluorophenyl) pyridazine (1002756-87-7).

(5) Compounds capable of having a multi-site action, such as, for example, (5.1) Bordeaux mixture (8011-63-0), (5.2) captafol (2425-06-1), (5.3) captan (133-06-2) (WO 02/12172), (5.4) chlorothalonil (1897-45-6), (5.5) copper hydroxide (20427-59-2), (5.6) copper naphthenate (1338-02-9), (5.7) copper oxide (1317-39-1), (5.8) copper oxychloride (1332-40-7), (5.9) copper sulfate (2+) (7758-98-7), (5.10) dichlofluanid (1085-98-9), (5.11) dithianon (3347-22-6), (5.12) dodine (2439-10-3), (5.13) dodine free base, (5.14) ferbamate (14484-64-1), (5.15) N-phthalimide (719-96-0), (5.16) folpet (133-07-3), (5.17) biguanide salt (108173-90-6), (5.18) iminoctadine, (5.19) iminoctadine (13516-27-3), (5.20) iminoctadine benzenesulfonate (169202-06-6), (5.21) iminoctadine triacetate (57520-17-9), (5.22) mancozeb (53988-93-5), (5.23) mancozeb (8018-01-7), (5.24) mancozeb (12427-38-2), (5.25) mancozeb (9006-42-2), (5.26) mancozeb (9006-42-2), (5.27) oxine-copper (10380-28-6), (5.28) propamidine (104-32-5), (5.29) methyl zineb (12071-83-9), (5.30) sulphur and sulphur preparations including calcium polysulphide (7704-34-9), (5.31) thiram (137-26-8), (5.32) tolylfluanid (731-27-1), (5.33) zineb (12122-67-7) and (5.34) ziram (137-30-4).

(6) Compounds capable of inducing host defenses, such as (6.1) acibenzolar-S-methyl (135158-54-2), (6.2) isotianil (224049-04-1), (6.3) thiabendazole (27605-76-1), and (6.4) tiadinil (223580-51-6).

(7) Amino acid and/or protein biosynthesis inhibitors, for example (7.1) fametofen (23951-85-1), (7.2) blasticidin (2079-00-7), (7.3) cyprodinil (121552-61-2), (7.4) kasugamycin (6983-18-3), (7.5) kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate (19408-46-9), (7.6) mepanipyrim (110235-47-7), (7.7) pyrimethanil (53112-28-0) and (7.8)3- (5-fluoro-3, 3,4, 4-tetramethyl-3, 4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl) quinoline (861647-32-7) (WO 2005070917).

(8) Inhibitors of ATP production, for example (8.1) fentin potato (900-95-8), (8.2) fentin chloride (639-58-7), (8.3) fentin (76-87-9) and (8.4) silthiopham (175217-20-6).

(9) Cell wall synthesis inhibitors, for example, (9.1) benzothiacarb (177406-68-7), (9.2) dimethomorph (110488-70-5), (9.3) flumorph (211867-47-9), (9.4) Valvacarb (140923-17-7), (9.5) mandipropamid (374726-62-2), (9.6) polyoxin (11113-80-7), (9.7) polyoxin (22976-86-9), (9.8) validamycin (37248-47-8) and (9.9) valifenate (283159-94-4; 283159-90-0).

(10) Inhibitors of lipid and membrane synthesis, for example (10.1) biphenyl (92-52-4), (10.2) dicyclopentadienyl (2675-77-6), (10.3) niclosamide (99-30-9), (10.4) edifenphos (17109-49-8), (10.5) efelli (2593-15-9), (10.6) iodocarb (55406-53-6), (10.7) iprobenfos (26087-47-8), (10.8) isoprothiolane (50512-35-1), (10.9) propamocarb (25606-41-1), (10.10) propamocarb (25606-41-1), (10.11) amphetar (19622-08-3), (10.12) fenamiphos (13457-18-6), (10.13) pentachloronitrobenzene (82-68-8), (10.14) tetrachloronitrobenzene (117-18-0) and (10.15) methylphosphonothricin (5704-5704) 9).

(11) Melanin biosynthesis inhibitors such as (11.1) galantamine (104030-54-8), (11.2) diclorocyanide (139920-32-4), (11.3) fenoxanil (115852-48-7), (11.4) tetrachlorophthalide (27355-22-2), (11.5) lequinone (57369-32-1), (11.6) tricyclazole (41814-78-2) and (11.7) { 3-methyl-1- [ (4-methylbenzoyl) amino ] butan-2-yl } carbamic acid 2,2, 2-trifluoroethyl ester (851524-22-6) (WO 2005042474).

(12) Inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis, for example (12.1) benalaxyl (71626-11-4), (12.2) benalaxyl-M (karaxyl) (98243-83-5), (12.3) brehmol (41483-43-6), (12.4) clozylacon (67932-85-8), (12.5) metrafenidine (5221-53-4), (12.6) ethidium (23947-60-6), (12.7) furalaxyl (57646-30-7), (12.8) hymexazol (10004-44-1), (12.9) metalaxyl (57837-19-1), (12.10) metalaxyl-M (metalaxyl-M) (70630-17-0), (12.11) methylfuroamide (58810-48-3), (12.12) oxadixyl (77732-09-3), and (12.13) oxolinic acid (14698-29-4).

(13) Inhibitors of signal transduction, for example, (13.1) ethiprole (84332-86-5), (13.2) fenpiclonil (74738-17-3), (13.3) fludioxonil (131341-86-1), (13.4) iprodione (36734-19-7), (13.5) procymidone (32809-16-8), (13.6) quinoxyline (124495-18-7) and (13.7) vinclozolin (50471-44-8).

(14) Compounds capable of acting as uncouplers, for example (14.1) binapacryl (485-31-4), (14.2) alexan (131-72-6), (14.3) pyrimidinehydrazone (89269-64-7), (14.4) fluazinam (79622-59-6) and (14.5) Demodeado (131-72-6).

(15) Other compounds, for example, (15.1) thiocyanobenzene (21564-17-0), (15.2) 3-benzo [ b ] thiophen-2-yl-5, 6-dihydro-1, 4, 2-thiazine 4-oxide (163269-30-5), (15.3) carbamycin (70694-08-5), (15.4) carvone (99-49-0), (15.5) mefenmanone (2439-01-2), (15.6) pyriofenone (chlazafenone) (688046-61-9), (15.7) thiabendazole (11096-18-7), (15.8) cyflufenamid (180409-60-3), (15.9) cyazofamid (57966-95-7), (15.10) boscalid (221667-31-8), (15.11) dazomet (533-74-4), (15.12) Prochloraz (62732-91-6), (15.13) dichlorophen (97-23-4), (15.14) pyridaben (62865-36-5), (15.15) difenzoquat (49866-87-7), (15.16) difenzoquat methyl sulfate (43222-48-6), (15.17) diphenylamine (122-39-4), (15.18) ecoate, (15.19) fenpyrazalone (473798-59-3), (15.20) flutolanilide (154025-04-4), (15.21) fluridil ether (41205-21-4), (15.22) flusulfamide (106917-52-6), (15.23) fluthiabendazole (304900-25-2), (15.24) fosetyl-Al (39148-24-8), (15.25) calcium fosetylate (15.26) sodium triethyl phosphonate (148-16-8), (15.27) hexachlorobenzene (118-74-1), (15.28) human metamycin (81604-73-1), (15.29) bendiocarb (66952-49-6), (15.30) methyl isothiocyanate (556-61-6), (15.31) metrafenone (220899-03-6), (15.32) fenamidone (67527-71-3), (15.33) natamycin (7681-93-8), (15.34) nickel ferbamate (15521-65-0), (15.35) phthalidyl ester (10552-74-6), (15.36) octhioketone (26530-20-1), (15.37) oxamocamab (917242-12-7), (15.38) oxyfenin (34407-87-9), (15.39) pentachlorophenol and salts (87-86-5), (15.40) phenoxastine, (15.41) phosphorous acid and salts thereof (13598-36-2), (15.42) propamocarb-triphosphate, (15.43) propoxycarbonyl sodium (88498-02-6), (15.44) iodoquinazolinone (189278-12-4), (15.45) pyrimorph (868390-90-3), (15.45E) (2E) -3- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -3- (2-chloropyridin-4-yl) -1- (morpholin-4-yl) prop-2-en-1-one (1231776-28-5), (15.45Z) (2Z) -3- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -3- (2-chloropyridin-4-yl) -1- (morpholin-4-yl) prop-2-en-1-one (1231776-29-6), (15.46) Nitropyrrolidines (1018-71-9) (EP-A1559320), (15.47) isobutoxyquinoline (376645-78-2), (15.48) phyllosphthalide (76280-91-6), (15.49) sulfenamide (304911-98-6), (15.50) imidazoxazine (72459-58-6), (15.51) anilide (70193-21-4), (15.52) cyanamide (84527-51-5), (15.53) 2-methylpropanoic acid (3S,6S,7R,8R) -8-benzyl-3- [ ({3- [ (isobutyryloxy) methoxy ] -4-methoxypyridin-2-yl } carbonyl) amino ] -6-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-1, 5-dioxan-7-yl ester (517875-34-2) (WO2003035617), (15.54)1- (4- {4- [ (5R) -5- (2, 6-difluorophenyl) -4, 5-dihydro-1, 2-oxazol-3-yl ] -1, 3-thiazol-2-yl } piperidin-1-yl) -2- [ 5-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl ] ethanone (1003319-79-6) (WO 2008013622), (15.55)1- (4- {4- [ (5S) -5- (2, 6-difluorophenyl) -4, 5-dihydro-1, 2-oxazol-3-yl ] -1, 3-thiazol-2-yl } piperidin-1-yl) -2- [ 5-methyl- 3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl ] ethanone (1003319-80-9) (WO 2008013622), (15.56)1- (4- {4- [5- (2, 6-difluorophenyl) -4, 5-dihydro-1, 2-oxazol-3-yl ] -1, 3-thiazol-2-yl } piperidin-1-yl) -2- [ 5-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl ] ethanone (1003318-67-9) (WO 2008013622), (15.57) 1H-imidazole-1-carboxylic acid 1- (4-methoxyphenoxy) -3, 3-dimethylbutan-2-yl ester (111227-17-9), (15.58)2,3,5, 6-tetrachloro-4- (methylsulfonyl) pyridine (13108-52-6), (15.59)2, 3-dibutyl-6-chlorothieno [2,3-d ] pyrimidin-4 (3H) -one (221451-58-7), (15.60)2, 6-dimethyl-1H, 5H- [1,4] dithieno [2,3-c:5,6-c' ] dipyrrole-1, 3,5,7(2H,6H) -tetraone, (15.61)2- [ 5-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl ] -1- (4- {4- [ (5R) -5-phenyl-4, 5-dihydro-1, 2-oxazol-3-yl ] -1, 3-thiazol-2-yl } piperidin-1-yl) ethanone (1003316-53-7) (WO 2008013622), (15.62)2- [ 5-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl ] -1- (4- {4- [ (5S) -5-phenyl-4, 5-dihydro-1, 2-oxazol-3-yl ] -1, 3-thiazol-2-yl } piperidin-1-yl) ethanone (1003316-54-8) (WO 2008013622), (15.63)2- [ 5-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl ] -1- {4- [4- (5-phenyl-4, 5-dihydro-1, 2-oxazol-3-yl) -1, 3-thiazol-2-yl ] piperidin-1-yl } ethanone (1003316-51-5) (WO 2008013622), (15.64) 2-butoxy-6-iodo-3-propyl-4H-benzopyran-4-one, (15.65) 2-chloro-5- [ 2-chloro-1- (2, 6-difluoro-4-methoxyphenyl) -4-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl ] pyridine, (15.66) 2-phenylphenol and salts (90-43-7), (15.67)3- (4,4, 5-trifluoro-3, 3-dimethyl-3, 4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl) quinoline (861647-85-0) (WO2005070917), (15.68)3,4, 5-trichloropyridine-2, 6-dicarbonitrile (17824-85-0), (15.69)3- [5- (4-chlorophenyl) -2, 3-dimethyl-1, 2-oxazolidin-3-yl ] pyridine, (15.70) 3-chloro-5- (4-chlorophenyl) -4- (2, 6-difluorophenyl) -6-methylpyridazine, (15.71)4- (4-chlorophenyl) -5- (2, 6-difluorophenyl) -3, 6-dimethylpyridazine, (15.72) 5-amino-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole-2-thiol, (15.73) 5-chloro-N '-phenyl-N' - (prop-2-yn-1-yl) thiophene-2-thiophenesulfonylhydrazide (134-31-6), (15.74) 5-fluoro-2- [ (4-fluorobenzyl) oxy ] pyrimidin-4-amine (1174376-11-4) (WO2009094442), (15.75) 5-fluoro-2- [ (4-methylbenzyl) oxy ] pyrimidin-4-amine (1174376-25-0) (WO2009094442), (15.76) 5-methyl-6-octyl [1,2,4] triazolo [1,5-a ] pyrimidin-7-amine, (15.77) Ethyl (2Z) -3-amino-2-cyano-3-phenylprop-2-enoate, (15.78) N' - (4- { [3- (4-chlorophenyl) -1,2, 4-thiadiazol-5-yl ] oxy } -2, 5-dimethylphenyl) -N-ethyl-N-methyliminocarboxamide, (15.79) N- (4-chlorobenzyl) -3- [ 3-methoxy-4- (prop-2-yn-1-yloxy) phenyl ] propanamide, (15.80) N- [ (4-chlorophenyl) (cyano) methyl ] -3- [ 3-methoxy-4- (prop-2-yn-1-yloxy) phenyl ] propanamide, (15.81) N- [ (5-bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl) methyl ] -2, 4-dichloropyridine-3-carboxamide, (15.82) N- [1- (5-bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl) ethyl ] -2, 4-dichloropyridine-3-carboxamide, (15.83) N- [1- (5-bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl) ethyl ] -2-fluoro-4-iodopyridine-3-carboxamide, (15.84) N- { (E) - [ (cyclopropylmethoxy) imino ] [6- (difluoromethoxy) -2, 3-difluorophenyl ] methyl } -2-phenylacetamide (221201-92-9), (15.85) N- { (Z) - [ (cyclopropylmethoxy) imino ] [6- (difluoromethoxy) -2, 3-difluorophenyl ] methyl } -2-phenylacetamide (221201-92-9), (15.86) N' - {4- [ (3-tert-butyl-4-cyano-1, 2-thiazol-5-yl) oxy ] -2-chloro-5-methylphenyl } -N-ethyl-N-methyliminocarboxamide, (15.87) N-methyl-2- (1- { [ 5-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl ] acetyl } piperidin-4-yl) -N- (1,2,3, 4-Tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl) -1, 3-thiazole-4-carboxamide (922514-49-6) (WO 2007014290), (15.88) N-methyl-2- (1- { [ 5-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl ] acetyl } piperidin-4-yl) -N- [ (1R) -1,2,3, 4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl ] -1, 3-thiazole-4-carboxamide (922514-07-6) (WO 2007014290), (15.89) N-methyl-2- (1- { [ 5-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl ] acetyl } piperidin-4-yl) - N- [ (1S) -1,2,3, 4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl ] -1, 3-thiazole-4-carboxamide (922514-48-5) (WO 2007014290), (15.90) pentyl {6- [ ({ [ (1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl) (phenyl) methylidene ] amino } oxy) methyl ] pyridin-2-yl } carbamate, (15.91) phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, (15.92) 8-hydroxyquinoline, (15.93) 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate (2:1) (134-31-6) and (15.94) tert-butyl {6- [ ({ [ (1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl) (phenyl) methylidene ] amino } oxy) methyl ] pyridin-2-yl } carbamate.

(16) Further compounds, for example (16.1) 1-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -N- [2' - (trifluoromethyl) biphenyl-2-yl ] -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (16.2) N- (4' -chlorobiphenyl-2-yl) -3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (16.3) N- (2',4' -dichlorobiphenyl-2-yl) -3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (16.4)3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-N- [4' - (trifluoromethyl) biphenyl-2-yl ] -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide -4-carboxamide, (16.5) N- (2',5' -difluorobiphenyl-2-yl) -1-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (16.6)3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-N- [4'- (prop-1-yn-1-yl) biphenyl-2-yl ] -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (known from WO 2004/058723), (16.7) 5-fluoro-1, 3-dimethyl-N- [4' - (prop-1-yn-1-yl) biphenyl-2-yl ] -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (known from WO 2004/058723), (16.8) 2-chloro-N- [4' - (prop-1-yn-1-yl) biphenyl-2-yl ] pyridine-3-carboxamide (known from WO 2004/058723), (16.9)3- (difluoromethyl) -N- [4' - (3, 3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl) biphenyl-2-yl ] -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (known from WO 2004/058723), (16.10) N- [4' - (3, 3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl) biphenyl-2-yl ] -5-fluoro-1, 3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (known from WO 2004/058723), (16.11)3- (difluoromethyl) -N- (4 '-ethynylbiphenyl-2-yl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (known from WO 2004/058723), (16.12) N- (4' -ethynylbiphenyl-2-yl) -5-fluoro-1, 3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (known from WO 2004/058723), (16.13) 2-chloro-N- (4 '-ethynylbiphenyl-2-yl) pyridine-3-carboxamide (known from WO 2004/058723), (16.14) 2-chloro-N- [4' - (3, 3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl) biphenyl-2-yl ] pyridine-3-carboxamide (known from WO 2004/058723) Formamide (known from WO 2004/058723), (16.15)4- (difluoromethyl) -2-methyl-N- [4' - (trifluoromethyl) biphenyl-2-yl ] -1, 3-thiazole-5-carboxamide (known from WO 2004/058723), (16.16) 5-fluoro-N- [4' - (3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl) biphenyl-2-yl ] -1, 3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (known from WO 2004/058723), (16.17) 2-chloro-N- [4' - (3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl) biphenyl-2-yl ] pyridine-3- Carboxamide (known from WO 2004/058723), (16.18)3- (difluoromethyl) -N- [4' - (3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl) biphenyl-2-yl ] -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (known from WO 2004/058723), (16.19) 5-fluoro-N- [4' - (3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl) biphenyl-2-yl ] -1, 3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (known from WO 2004/058723), (16.20) 2-chloro-N- [4' - (3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1- Alkyne-1-yl) biphenyl-2-yl ] pyridine-3-carboxamide (known from WO 2004/058723), (16.21) (5-bromo-2-methoxy-4-methylpyridin-3-yl) (2,3, 4-trimethoxy-6-methylphenyl) methanone (known from EP-A1559320), (16.22) N- [2- (4- { [3- (4-chlorophenyl) prop-2-yn-1-yl ] oxy } -3-methoxyphenyl) ethyl ] -N2- (methylsulfonyl) valinamide (220706-93-4), (16.23) 4-oxo-4- [ (2-phenylethyl) amino ] butyric acid and (16.24) {6- [ ({ [ (Z) - (1-methyl-1H- But-3-yn-1-yl tetrazol-5-yl) (phenyl) methylidene ] amino } oxy) methyl ] pyridin-2-yl } carbamate.

All specified mixing partners of classes (1) to (16) can optionally form salts with suitable bases or acids, if their functional groups permit this.

Examples of bactericides which may be mentioned are:

bronopol, dichlorophen, chloropyridine, nickel dimethyldithiocarbamate, kasugamycin, octreotide, furancarboxylic acid, oxytetracycline, probenazole, streptomycin, biscumylphthalein, copper sulfate, and other copper preparations.

The active ingredients specified herein by their "common names" are well known and are described, for example, in Pesticide Manual ("The Pesticide Manual", 14 th edition, British Crop Protection Council 2006) or are retrievable in The Internet (for example http:// www.alanwood.net/pesticides).

(1) Inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), e.g.

Carbamates, such as boll-carbofuran, aldicarb, bendiocarb, benfuracarb, butoxycarb, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, ethiofencarb, fenobucarb, varroamidine, furametparb, isoprocarb, methiocarb, methomyl, metolcarb, oxamyl, pirimicarb, propoxur, thiodicarb, monocarb, triazamate, trimethacarb, methiocarb, and methiocarb; or

Organophosphates, such as acephate, pirimiphos-methyl, phos-gossypol, baphate, cadusafos, phosphorus oxychloride, chlorfenvinphos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, coumaphos, fenitrole, demeton-methyl, diazinon, dichlorvos/DDVP, chlormephos, dimethoate, chlorfenvinphos, ethoprophos, ethion, ethoprophos, fenamiphos, fenitrothion, fenthion, fosthiazate, heptenophos, Imicyafos, isosulfothion, O- (methoxyaminothiophosphoryl) salicylate, isoxathion, malathion, triazophos, methamidophos, methidathion, methamidophos, fenamiphos, monocrotophos, dibromophos, omethoate, parathion-methyl, phenthoate, phorate, phosmet-phos, phoxim, pirimiphos, Pyridaphethione, quinalphos, fenitrothion, butylpyrimidine phosphine, disulfoton, terbufos, chlorfenvinphos, methyl ethosulfan, triazophos, trichlorfon and aphicide.

(2) GABA-gated chloride channel antagonists, e.g.

Cyclopentadiene organochlorines, such as chlordane and endosulfan; or

Phenylpyrazoles (fiproles), such as ethiprole and fipronil.

(3) Sodium channel modulators/voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers, e.g.

Pyrethroids, such as, for example, flupropathrin, allethrin, d-cis-trans-allethrin, d-trans-allethrin, bifenthrin, bioallethrin S-cyclopentene isomer, bioresmethrin, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, theta-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, cyphenothrin [ (1R) -trans isomer ], deltamethrin, empenthrin [ (EZ) - (1R) isomer), esfenvalerate, etofenpropathrin, fenvalerate, flucythrinate, flumethrin, cyfluthrin, Propargyl ether, prallethrin, kadethrin, permethrin, phenothrin [ (1R) -trans isomer), prallethrin, pyrethrin (pyrethium), resmethrin, silafluofen, tefluthrin, tetramethrin [ (1R) isomer) ], tetrabromthrin, and transfluthrin; or

Dripping nasal discharge; or methoxychlor.

(4) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists, e.g.

Neonicotinoids, such as acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam; or

Nicotine.

(5) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) allosteric activators, e.g.

Spinosyns, such as spinetoram and spinosad.

(6) Chlorine channel activators, e.g.

Avermectins/milbemycins, such as abamectin, emamectin benzoate, lepimectin and melastin.

(7) Juvenile hormone mimics, e.g.

Juvenile hormone analogs such as hydroprene, methoprene and methoprene; or

Fenoxycarb; or pyriproxyfen.

(8) Multifaceted non-specific (multi-site) inhibitors, e.g.

Halogenated alkanes, such as methyl bromide and other halogenated alkanes; or

Chloropicrin; or sulfuryl fluoride; or borax; or tutaro.

(9) Selective homopteran feeding blockers, such as pymetrozine; or flonicamid.

(10) Mite growth inhibitors such as clofentezine, hexythiazox and flutenzine; or

Etoxazole.

(11) Microbial disruptors of the mesenterium of insects, such as Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies aizawai, Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies aki, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies tenburii and BT crop proteins: cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1Fa, Cry2Ab, mCry3A, Cry3Ab, Cry3Bb, Cry34/35Ab 1.

(12) Mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitors, such as diafenthiuron; or

Organotin acaricides such as azocyclotin, cyhexatin and fenbutatin oxide; or

2, the acaricide; or dicofol.

(13) Oxidative phosphorylation uncouplers that disrupt proton gradients, such as chlorfenapyr, dinitrophenol, and sulfluramid.

(14) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) channel blockers such as chlorfenapyr, cartap hydrochloride, thiocyclam and dimehypo.

(15) Type 0 chitin biosynthesis inhibitors, such as bistrifluron, chlorfluazuron, diflubenzuron, epoxiconazole, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, noviflumuron, teflubenzuron and triflumuron.

(16) Type 1 chitin biosynthesis inhibitors, such as buprofezin.

(17) Molting disrupters, such as cyromazine.

(18) Ecdysone receptor agonists such as chromafenozide, chlorfenozide, methoxyfenozide and tebufenozide.

(19) Octopamine receptor agonists, such as amitraz.

(20) Mitochondrial complex III electron transport inhibitors such as hydramethylnon; or acequinocyl; or fluacrypyrim.

(21) Mitochondrial Complex I Electron transport inhibitors, e.g.

METI acaricides, such as fenazaquin, fenpyroximate, pyriminostrobin, pyridaben, tebufenpyrad, and tolfenpyrad; or

Rotenone (derris).

(22) Voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers such as indoxacarb; or metaflumizone.

(23) Inhibitors of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, e.g.

Tetronic and tetramic acid derivatives, such as spirodiclofen, spiromesifen and spirotetramat.

(24) Mitochondrial Complex IV Electron transport inhibitors, e.g.

Phosphines such as aluminum phosphide, calcium phosphide, hydrogen phosphide and zinc phosphide; or

A cyanide compound.

(25) Mitochondrial complex II electron transport inhibitors such as cyenopyrafen.

(28) Ryanodine receptor modulators, e.g.

Diamides such as chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole and flubendiamide.

Other active ingredients having an unknown or undefined mode of action, e.g. sulfadiazine, azadirachtin, Benclothiaz, fenpyroximate, bifenazate, bromopropylate, chlorfenapyr, cryolite, cyantraniliprole (Cyazypyr), cyflumetofen, dicofol, flutenzine, flueulfone, pyriminostrobin, butenafloxacin, fluopyram, furathiazole, imidaclothizine, iprodione, meperfluthrin, pyridalyl, Pyrifluquinazon, tetrafluroethanetinEsters and methyl iodide; other products based on Bacillus firmus (including but not limited to strain CNCM I-1582, such as, for example, VOTiVO ™ BioNem) or one of the following well known active compounds: 3-bromo-N- { 2-bromo-4-chloro-6- [ (1-cyclopropylethyl) carbamoyl]Phenyl } -1- (3-chloropyridin-2-yl) -1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (known from WO 2005/077934), 4- { [ (6-bromopyridin-3-yl) methyl](2-fluoroethyl) amino } furan-2 (5H) -one (known from WO 2007/115644), 4- { [ (6-fluoropyridin-3-yl) methyl](2, 2-Difluoroethyl) amino } furan-2 (5H) -one (known from WO 2007/115644), 4- { [ (2-chloro-1, 3-thiazol-5-yl) methyl](2-fluoroethyl) amino } furan-2 (5H) -one (known from WO 2007/115644), 4- { [ (6-chloropyridin-3-yl) methyl](2-fluoroethyl) amino } furan-2 (5H) -one (known from WO 2007/115644), Flupyrdifurone, 4- { [ (6-chloro-5-fluoropyridin-3-yl) methyl](methyl) amino } furan-2 (5H) -one (known from WO 2007/115643), 4- { [ (5, 6-dichloropyridin-3-yl) methyl](2-fluoroethyl) amino } furan-2 (5H) -one (known from WO 2007/115646), 4- { [ (6-chloro-5-fluoropyridin-3-yl) methyl](cyclopropyl) amino } furan-2 (5H) -one (known from WO 2007/115643), 4- { [ (6-chloropyridin-3-yl) methyl](cyclopropyl) amino } furan-2 (5H) -one (known from EP-A-0539588), 4- { [ (6-chloropyridin-3-yl) methyl](methyl) amino } furan-2 (5H) -one (known from EP-A-0539588), { [1- (6-chloropyridin-3-yl) ethyl](methyl) oxy-. lambda.⁴Thioalkylene } cyanamide (known from WO 2007/149134) and its diastereoisomer { [ (1R) -1- (6-chloropyridin-3-yl) ethyl](methyl) oxy-. lambda.⁴Thioalkylene } cyanamide (A) and { [ (1S) -1- (6-chloropyridin-3-yl) ethyl](methyl) oxy-. lambda.⁴-thioalkyl } cyanamide (B) (also known from WO 2007/149134) and sulfoxaflor and its diastereoisomers: [ (R) -methyl (oxy) { (1R) -1- [6- (trifluoromethyl) pyridin-3-yl) known as diastereomer group A (known from WO2010/074747, WO 2010/074751)]Ethyl } -lambda⁴-Thioalkylene radical]Cyanamide (A1) and [ (S) -methyl (oxy) { (1S) -1- [6- (trifluoromethyl) pyridin-3-yl]Ethyl } -lambda⁴-Thioalkylene radical]Cyanamide (A2), [ (R) -methyl (oxy) { (1S) -1- [6- (trifluoromethyl) pyridin-3-yl) known as diastereomer group B (also known from WO2010/074747, WO 2010/074751)]Ethyl } -lambda⁴-Thioalkylene radical]Cyanamide (B)1) And [ (S) -methyl (oxy) { (1R) -1- [6- (trifluoromethyl) pyridin-3-yl]Ethyl } -lambda⁴-Thioalkylene radical]Cyanamide (B2), and 11- (4-chloro-2, 6-dimethylphenyl) -12-hydroxy-1, 4-dioxa-9-azadispiro [4.2.4.2]Tetradec-11-en-10-one (known from WO 2006/089633), 3- (4' -fluoro-2, 4-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl) -4-hydroxy-8-oxa-1-azaspiro [ 4.5%]Dec-3-en-2-one (known from WO 2008/067911), 1- { 2-fluoro-4-methyl-5- [ (2,2, 2-trifluoroethyl) sulfinyl]Phenyl } -3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-1,2, 4-triazol-5-amine (known from WO 2006/043635), [ (3S,4aR,12R,12aS,12bS) -3- [ (cyclopropylcarbonyl) oxy]-6, 12-dihydroxy-4, 12 b-dimethyl-11-oxo-9- (pyridin-3-yl) -1,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12 b-decahydro-2H, 11H-benzo [ f]Pyrano [4,3-b ]]Benzopyran-4-yl]Methylcyclopropaneformate (known from WO 2008/066153), 2-cyano-3- (difluoromethoxy) -N, N-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide (known from WO 2006/056433), 2-cyano-3- (difluoromethoxy) -N-methylbenzenesulfonamide (known from WO 2006/100288), 2-cyano-3- (difluoromethoxy) -N-ethylbenzenesulfonamide (known from WO 2005/035486), 4- (difluoromethoxy) -N-ethyl-N-methyl-1, 2-benzothiazol-3-amine 1, 1-dioxide (known from WO 2007/057407), N- [1- (2, 3-dimethylphenyl) -2- (3, 5-dimethylphenyl) ethyl]-4, 5-dihydro-1, 3-thiazol-2-amine (known from WO 2008/104503), {1' - [ (2E) -3- (4-chlorophenyl) prop-2-en-1-yl]-5-Fluorospiro [ indole-3, 4' -piperidine]-1(2H) -yl } (2-chloropyridin-4-yl) methanone (known from WO 2003/106457), 3- (2, 5-dimethylphenyl) -4-hydroxy-8-methoxy-1, 8-diazaspiro [4.5]]Dec-3-en-2-one (known from WO 2009/049851), 3- (2, 5-dimethylphenyl) -8-methoxy-2-oxo-1, 8-diazaspiro [4.5]]Dec-3-en-4-ylethylcarbonate (known from WO 2009/049851), 4- (but-2-yn-1-yloxy) -6- (3, 5-dimethylpiperidin-1-yl) -5-fluoropyrimidine (known from WO 2004/099160), (2,2,3,3,4, 5, 5-octafluoropentyl) (3,3, 3-trifluoropropyl) malononitrile (known from WO 2005/063094), (2,2,3,3,4,4,5, 5-octafluoropentyl) (3,3,4,4, 4-pentafluorobutyl) malononitrile (known from WO 2005/063094), 8- [2- (cyclopropylmethoxy) -4- (trifluoromethyl) phenoxy ] propanedinitrile (known from WO 2005/063094)]-3- [6- (trifluoromethyl) pyridazin-3-yl]-3-azabicyclo [3.2.1]Octane (known from WO 2007/040280), Flometoquin, PF1364 (CAS-Reg.No. 1204776-60-2) (known from JP 2010/018586), 5- [5- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -5- (trifluoromethyl) -4, 5-dihydro-1, 2-oxazol-3-yl]-2- (1H-1,2, 4-triazol-1-yl) benzonitrile (known from WO 2007/075459), 5- [5- (2-chloropyridin-4-yl) -5- (trifluoromethyl) -4, 5-dihydro-1, 2-oxazol-3-yl]-2- (1H-1,2, 4-triazol-1-yl) benzonitrile (known from WO 2007/075459), 4- [5- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -5- (trifluoromethyl) -4, 5-dihydro-1, 2-oxazol-3-yl]-2-methyl-N- { 2-oxo-2- [ (2,2, 2-trifluoroethyl) amino]Ethyl benzamide (known from WO 2005/085216), 4- { [ (6-chloropyridin-3-yl) methyl](cyclopropyl) amino } -1, 3-oxazol-2 (5H) -one, 4- { [ (6-chloropyridin-3-yl) methyl](2, 2-Difluoroethyl) amino } -1, 3-oxazol-2 (5H) -one, 4- { [ (6-chloropyridin-3-yl) methyl](Ethyl) amino } -1, 3-oxazol-2 (5H) -one, 4- { [ (6-chloropyridin-3-yl) methyl](methyl) amino } -1, 3-oxazol-2 (5H) -one (both known from WO 2010/005692), NNI-0711 (known from WO 2002/096882), 1-acetyl-N- [4- (1,1,1,3,3, 3-hexafluoro-2-methoxypropan-2-yl) -3-isobutylphenyl]-N-isobutyryl-3, 5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (known from WO 2002/096882), 2- [2- ({ [ 3-bromo-1- (3-chloropyridin-2-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl]Carbonyl } amino) -5-chloro-3-methylbenzoyl]-methyl 2-methylhydrazinecarboxylate (known from WO 2005/085216), 2- [2- ({ [ 3-bromo-1- (3-chloropyridin-2-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl]Carbonyl } amino) -5-cyano-3-methylbenzoyl]-methyl 2-ethylhydrazinecarboxylate (known from WO 2005/085216), 2- [2- ({ [ 3-bromo-1- (3-chloropyridin-2-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl]Carbonyl } amino) -5-cyano-3-methylbenzoyl]-methyl 2-methylhydrazinecarboxylate (known from WO 2005/085216), 2- [3, 5-dibromo-2- ({ [ 3-bromo-1- (3-chloropyridin-2-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl]Carbonyl } amino) benzoyl]-methyl 1, 2-diethylhydrazinecarboxylate (known from WO 2005/085216), 2- [3, 5-dibromo-2- ({ [ 3-bromo-1- (3-chloropyridin-2-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl]Carbonyl } amino) benzoyl]Methyl (2-ethylhydrazinecarboxylate) (known from WO 2005/085216), (5RS,7RS;5RS,7SR) -1- (6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl) -1,2,3,5,6, 7-hexahydro-7-methyl-8-nitro-5-propoxylimidazo [1,2-a ]]Pyridine (known from WO 2007/101369), N- [2- (5-amino-1, 3, 4-thiadiazol-2-yl) -4-chloro-6-methylphenyl]-3-bromo-1- (3-chloropyridin-2-yl) -1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (known from CN 102057925) and 2- [3, 5-dibromo-2- ({ [ 3-bromo-1- (3-chloropyridin-2-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl]Carbonyl } amino) benzoyl]-2-Ethyl-1-methylhydrazinecarboxylic acid methyl ester (from WO 201)1/049233 known).

Examples of molluscicides which may be mentioned are metaldehyde and methiocarb.

Examples of safeners which may be mentioned are:

(1) heterocyclic carboxylic acid derivatives, for example dichlorophenyl pyrazoline-3-carboxylic acid derivatives, such as diethyl 1- (2, 4-dichlorophenyl) -5- (ethoxycarbonyl) -5-methyl-4, 5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate, 1- (2, 4-dichlorophenyl) -4, 5-dihydro-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3, 5-dicarboxylate ("mefenpyr-diethyl") and similar compounds known from WO 91/07874; for example dichlorophenyl pyrazolecarboxylic acid derivatives, such as ethyl 1- (2, 4-dichlorophenyl) -5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate, ethyl 1- (2, 4-dichlorophenyl) -5-isopropyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate, ethyl 5-tert-butyl-1- (2, 4-dichlorophenyl) -1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate and the like, known from EP-A0333131 and EP-A0269806; for example 1, 5-diphenylpyrazole-3-carboxylic acid derivatives, such as ethyl 1- (2, 4-dichlorophenyl) -5-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate, methyl 1- (2-chlorophenyl) -5-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate and the like, known from EP-A0268554; for example, triazolecarboxylic acid derivatives, such as mefenpyr-diethyl, cloquintocet-mefenpyr-diethyl and similar compounds known from EP-A0174562 and EP-A0346620; for example 2-isoxazoline-3-carboxylic acid derivatives such as ethyl 5- (2, 4-dichlorobenzyl) -4, 5-dihydro-1, 2-oxazole-3-carboxylate, ethyl 5-phenyl-4, 5-dihydro-1, 2-oxazole-3-carboxylate and similar compounds known from WO 91/08202, or ethyl 5, 5-diphenyl-4, 5-dihydro-1, 2-oxazole-3-carboxylate, 5-diphenyl-4, 5-dihydro-1, 2-oxazole-3-carboxylate ("isoxadifen-ethyl"), 5-diphenyl-4, 5-dihydro-1, 2-oxazole-3-carboxylate, propyl 2-oxazole-3-carboxylate, ethyl 5- (4-fluorophenyl) -5-phenyl-4, 5-dihydro-1, 2-oxazole-3-carboxylate.

(2) Derivatives of 8-hydroxyquinoline, for example derivatives of (quinolin-8-yloxy) acetic acid, such as hept-2-yl [ (5-chloroquinolin-8-yl) oxy ] acetate ("cloquintocet"), [ (5-chloroquinolin-8-yl) oxy ] acetate 4-methylpent-2-yl [ (5-chloroquinolin-8-yl) oxy ] acetate, [ (5-chloroquinolin-8-yl) oxy ] acetate 4- (allyloxy) butyl [ (5-chloroquinolin-8-yl) oxy ] acetate 1- (allyloxy) propan-2-yl [ (5-chloroquinolin-8-yl) oxy ] acetate, ethyl (quino-8-yl) oxy ] acetate, n-butyl (di) acetate, n-butyl (, Methyl [ (5-chloroquinolin-8-yl) oxy ] acetate, [ (5-chloroquinolin-8-yl) oxy ] acetate allyl, [ (5-chloroquinolin-8-yl) oxy ] acetate 2- { [ propyleneamino ] oxy } ethyl [ (5-chloroquinolin-8-yl) oxy ] acetate 2-oxypropyl [ (5-chloroquinolin-8-yl) oxy ] acetate, and similar compounds, as well as [ (5-chloroquinolin-8-yl) oxy ] acetic acid, hydrates and salts thereof, such as the lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, iron, ammonium, quaternary ammonium, sulfonium, or phosphonium salts known from WO 02/34048; for example derivatives of [ (5-chloroquinolin-8-yl) oxy ] malonic acid, such as diethyl [ (5-chloroquinolin-8-yl) oxy ] malonate, [ (5-chloroquinolin-8-yl) oxy ] malonate diallyl [ (5-chloroquinolin-8-yl) oxy ] malonate, [ (5-chloroquinolin-8-yl) oxy ] malonate ethylmethyl ester and similar compounds, as known from EP-A0582198.

(3) Dichloroacetamide, which is commonly used as a pre-emergence safener (soil-active safener), such as "dichloropropyleneamine" (N, N-diallyl-2, 2-dichloroacetamide), "R-29148" (3-dichloroacetyl-2, 2, 5-trimethyl-1, 3-oxazolidine) and "R-28725" (3-dichloroacetyl-2, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-oxazolidine), "benoxazine" (4-dichloroacetyl-3, 4-dihydro-3-methyl-2H-1, 4-benzoxazine), the "PPG-1292" (N-allyl-N- [ (1, 3-dioxolan-2-yl) -methyl ] -dichloroacetamide) of PPG Industries, "DKA-24" (N-allyl-N- [ (allylaminocarbonyl) methyl ] -dichloroacetamide) from Sagro-Chem, "AD-67" or "MON 4660" (3-dichloroacetyl-1-oxa-3-aza-spiro [4,5] decane) from Nitrokemia and Monsanto, "TI-35" (1-dichloroacetyl-azepane) from TRI-Chemical RT, "diclonon" or "BAS 145138" or "LAB 145138" (3-dichloroacetyl-2, 5, 5-trimethyl-1, 3-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] nonane), "Furilazol" or "MON 13900 [ (RS) -3-dichloroacetyl-5- (2-furyl) -2, 2-dimethyloxazolidine ] by BASF and (R) -isomers thereof.

(4) Acylsulfonamides, e.g. N-acylsulfonamides of formula (II)

Or a salt thereof (known from WO 97/45016), wherein

R¹Is represented by (C)₁-C₆) Alkyl, unsubstituted or selected from halogen, (C)₁-C₄) Alkoxy group, (C)₁-C₆) Haloalkoxy and (C)₁-C₄) The substituent of the alkylthio group is mono-to trisubstituted;

R²represents halogen, (C)₁-C₄) Alkyl, (C)₁-C₄) Alkoxy, CF₃；

m is 1 or 2;

or for example 4- (benzoylsulfamoyl) benzamides of the formula (III)

Or a salt thereof (known from WO 99/16744), wherein

R³、R⁴Independently of each other, hydrogen and (C)₁-C₆) Alkyl, (C)₃-C₆) Alkenyl, (C)₃-C₆) Alkynyl, (C)₃-C₆) A cycloalkyl group,

R⁵represents halogen, (C)₁-C₄) Alkyl, (C)₁-C₄) Haloalkyl or (C)₁-C₄) Alkoxy radical

n is a number of 1 or 2,

in particular compounds of the formula (III), in which

R³= cyclopropyl, R⁴= hydrogen and R⁵ _n= 2-OMe, ("cyclopropanesulfonamide"),

R³= cyclopropyl, R⁴= hydrogen and R⁵ _n = 5-Cl-2-OMe，

R³= ethyl, R⁴= hydrogen and R⁵ _n = 2-OMe，

R³= isopropyl, R⁴= hydrogen and R⁵ _n = 5-Cl-2-OMe，

R³= isopropyl, R⁴= hydrogen and R⁵ _n = 2-OMe，

Or for example benzoylsulfamoylphenyl ureas of the formula (IV)

(known from EP-A0365484), in which

R⁶、R⁷Independently of each other, hydrogen and (C)₁-C₈) Alkyl, (C)₃-C₆) Alkenyl, (C)₃-C₆) An alkynyl group,

R⁸represents halogen, (C)₁-C₄) Alkyl, (C)₁-C₄) Alkoxy, CF₃

r is 1 or 2;

in particular to

1- [4- (N-2-methoxybenzoylsulfamoyl) phenyl ] -3-methylurea,

1- [4- (N-2-methoxybenzoylsulfamoyl) phenyl ] -3, 3-dimethylurea,

1- [4- (N-4, 5-Dimethylbenzoylsulfamoyl) phenyl ] -3-methylurea.

(5) Hydroxyaromatic compounds and aromatic-aliphatic carboxylic acid derivatives, such as ethyl 3,4, 5-triacetoxybenzoate, 4-hydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxybenzoic acid, 3, 5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-fluoro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid, 2-hydroxycinnamic acid, 2, 4-dichlorocinnamic acid (see WO 2004/084631, WO 2005/015994, WO 2005/016001).

(6) 1, 2-dihydroquinoxalin-2-ones, such as 1-methyl-3- (2-thienyl) -1, 2-dihydroquinoxalin-2-one, 1-methyl-3- (2-thienyl) -1, 2-dihydroquinoxalin-2-thiocopper, 1- (2-aminoethyl) -3- (2-thienyl) -1, 2-dihydroquinoxalin-2-one hydrochloride, 1- (2-methylsulfonylaminoethyl) -3- (2-thienyl) -1, 2-dihydroquinoxalin-2-one (cf. WO 2005/112630).

(7) Diphenylmethoxy acetic acid derivatives, such as methyl (diphenylmethoxy) acetate (CAS-Reg. number 41858-19-9), ethyl (diphenylmethoxy) acetate or (diphenylmethoxy) acetic acid (see WO 98/38856).

(8) A compound of formula (V)

Or a salt thereof (known from WO 98/27049), wherein

R⁹Represents halogen, (C)₁-C₄) Alkyl, (C)₁-C₄) Haloalkyl, (C)₁-C₄) Alkoxy group, (C)₁-C₄) A halogenated alkoxy group,

R¹⁰represents hydrogen or (C)₁-C₄) An alkyl group, a carboxyl group,

R¹⁰represents hydrogen, in each case unsubstituted or mono-to trisubstituted (C)₁-C₈) Alkyl, (C)₂-C₄) Alkenyl, (C)₂-C₄) Alkynyl or aryl, wherein the substituents are selected from halogen and (C)₁-C₈) An alkoxy group,

s is 0, 1 or 2.

(9) 3- (5-Tetrazoylcarbonyl) -2-quinolones, such as1, 2-dihydro-4-hydroxy-1-ethyl-3- (5-Tetrazoylcarbonyl) -2-quinolones (CAS-Reg. number 219479-18-2), 1, 2-dihydro-4-hydroxy-1-methyl-3- (5-Tetrazoylcarbonyl) -2-quinolones (CAS-Reg. number 95855-00-8) (see WO 99/00020).

(10) Compounds of formulae (VI-a) and (VI-b)

(known from WO 2007/023719 and WO 2007/023764) in which

R¹²Represents halogen, (C)₁-C₄) Alkyl, methoxy, nitro, cyano, CF₃、OCF₃，

Y, Z independently represent O or S,

t is 0, 1,2,3 or 4,

R¹³is represented by (C)₁-C₁₆) Alkyl, (C)₂-C₆) Alkenyl, aryl, benzyl, halobenzyl,

R¹⁴represents hydrogen or (C)₁-C₆) An alkyl group, a carboxyl group,

(11) oxoimino compounds, known as seed treatment agents, such as "oxacor" [ (Z) -1, 3-dioxolan-2-ylmethoxyimino (phenyl) acetonitrile ], "fluoroxim" [1- (4-chlorophenyl) -2,2, 2-trifluoro-1-ethanone-O- (1, 3-dioxolan-2-ylmethyl) -oxime ], and "oxacor" or "CGA-43089" [ (Z) -cyanomethoxyimino (phenyl) acetonitrile ], are known as seed treatment safeners for sorghum against injury from metolachlor.

(12) Isothiochromanones, such as methyl [ (3-oxo-1H-2-benzothiopyran-4 (3H) -ylidene) methoxy ] acetate (CAS-Reg. number 205121-04-6) and similar compounds, known from WO 98/13361.

(13) A compound selected from the group consisting of: "anhydride naphthalene" (1, 8-naphthalic anhydride), known as seed treatment safener for corn (maize) against thiourethane herbicide injury, "fenclorim" (4, 6-dichloro-2-phenylpyrimidine), known as seed treatment safener for rice for seed sowing against pretilachlor injury, "molochlor" (benzyl-2-chloro-4-trifluoromethyl-1, 3-thiazole-5-carboxylate), known as seed treatment safener for sorghum against alachlor and metolachlor injury, "CL 304415" by American Cyanamid (CAS-reg. number 31541-57-8) (4-carboxy-3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-acetic acid), known as safeners for corn (maize) against imidazolinone damage, "MG 191" (CAS-reg. number 96420-72-3) (2-dichloromethyl-2-methyl-1, 3-dioxolane) for Nitrokemia, "MG 191" (CAS-reg. number 133993-74-5) (2-propenyl 1-oxa-4-azaspiro [4.5] decane-4-dithiocarbamate) for Nitrokemia, "Ethanesulfonate" (O, O-diethyl-S-2-ethylthioethyl phosphorodithioate), "synergistic phosphoros" (O, O-diethyl-O-phenyl phosphorothioate) and "mephenate" (4-chlorophenyl-methyl carbamate).

(14) Compounds which, in addition to herbicidal activity, also have safener activity in crops such as rice, for example "penflufen" or "MY-93" ((R))S1-methyl-1-phenethyl-piperidine-1-thiocarboxylate ester) known as safeners for rice against molinate damage, "trifluron" or "SK 23" [1- (1-methyl-1-phenylethyl) -3-p-tolyl-urea]Known as safeners for rice against damage by imazosulfuron, "bensulfuron" = "JC-940" [3- (2-chlorophenylmethyl) -1- (1-methyl-1-phenyl-ethyl) urea](see JP-A60-087254), which is known as safener for rice against damage by certain herbicides, "benzophenones" or "NK 049" (3,3' -dimethyl-4-methoxy-benzophenone), which is known as safener for rice against certain herbicidesSafeners for agent damage, "CSB" [ 1-bromo-4- (chloromethylsulfonyl) benzene from Kumiai](CAS-Reg. number 54091-06-4), which is known as a safener for rice against damage by certain herbicides.

(15) Compounds which are used primarily as herbicides but also have safener activity in certain crops, such as (2, 4-dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid (2, 4-D), (4-chlorophenoxy) acetic acid, (R, S) -2- (4-chloro-o-tolyloxy) propionic acid (2-methyl-4-chloropropionic acid), 4- (2, 4-dichlorophenoxy) butyric acid (2, 4-DB), (4-chloro-o-tolyloxy) acetic acid (MCPA), 4- (4-chloro-o-tolyloxy) butyric acid, 4- (4-chlorophenoxy) butyric acid, 3, 6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (dicamba), 1- (ethoxycarbonyl) ethyl-1, 6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoate (lactidichlor-ethyl).

Examples of plant growth regulators which may be mentioned are chlormequat chloride and ethephon.

Examples of plant nutrients which may be mentioned are conventional inorganic or organic fertilizers for providing macro-and/or micronutrients to plants.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of a composition comprising fluopyram and one or more of the following insecticides:

carbamates, preferably aldicarb, methiocarb, oxamyl, and thiodicarb;

organophosphates, preferably fenamiphos, fosthiazate, fenamiphos, Imicyafos;

fiproles, preferably fipronil and ethiprole;

chloronicotinyls (neonicotinoid insecticides), preferably imidacloprid, clothianidin, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam;

pyrethroids, preferably beta-cyfluthrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, deltamethrin, tefluthrin, transfluthrin;

ryanodine receptor modulators (anthraniamides), preferably Rynaxypyr (chlorantraniliprole), cyazypyr (cyantraniliprole);

macrolides (spinosyns), preferably spinosyns, spinetoram;

abamectin/milbemycins, preferably abamectin;

tetronic and tetramic acid derivatives (Ketoenols), preferably spirotetramat, spirodiclofen and spiromesifen.

Multifaceted non-specific (multi-site) inhibitors, preferably flonicamid.

Active ingredients with unknown or undefined mode of action, preferably 4- [ (2, 2-dichloroethyl) amino ] furan-2 (5H) -one-2-chloro-5-ethylpyridine (1:1), sulfoxaflor.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of a composition comprising fluopyram and one or more of the following fungicides

(2.1) Bixapyroxad (581809-46-3), (2.2) boscalid (188425-85-6), (2.8) fluxapyroxad (907204-31-3), (2.9) (2.11) naphthopyrad (a mixture of homonymous epimeric racemate 1RS,4SR,9RS and heteronymous epimeric racemate 1RS,4SR,9SR) (881685-58-1), (2.12) naphthopyrad (heteronymous epimeric racemate 1RS,4SR,9SR), (2.13) naphthopyrad (heteronymous epimeric racemate 1R,4S,9S), (2.14) naphthopyrad (heteronymous epimeric racemate 1S,4R,9R), (2.15) naphthopyrad (homonymous epimeric racemate 1RS,4SR,9RS), (2.16) naphthopyrad (homonymous epimeric racemate 1R,4S,9R), (2.17) naphthyridine (homonymous epimeric racemate 1S,4R,9S), (2.20) penflufen (494793-67-8), (2.21) penthiopyrad (183675-82-3), (2.22) cyprodinil (874967-67-6), (2.23) thifluzamide (130000-40-7), (2.24) 1-methyl-N- [2- (1,1,2, 2-tetrafluoroethoxy) phenyl ] -3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.25)3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-N- [2- (1,1,2, 2-tetrafluoroethoxy) phenyl ] -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.26)3- (difluoromethyl) -N- [ 4-fluoro-2- (1,1,2,3,3, 3-hexafluoropropoxy) phenyl ] -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.27) N- [1- (2, 4-dichlorophenyl) -1-methoxypropan-2-yl ] -3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (1092400-95-7) (WO 2008148570), (2.28)5, 8-difluoro-N- [2- (2-fluoro-4- { [4- (trifluoromethyl) pyridin-2-yl ] oxy } phenyl) ethyl ] quinazolin-4-amine (1210070-84-0) (WO2010025451), (2.29) N- [9- (dichloromethylene) -1,2,3, 4-tetrahydro-1, 4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl ] -3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.30) N- [ (1S,4R) -9- (dichloromethylene) -1,2,3, 4-tetrahydro-1, 4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl ] -3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide and (2.31) N- [ (1R,4S) -9- (dichloromethylene) -1,2,3, 4-tetrahydro-1, 4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl ] -3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (7.7) pyrimethanil (53112-28-0), (3.22) trifluomine (141517-21-7).

In the present invention, "control" means a reduction in the preventive or curative effect of nematode infestation compared to untreated crops, more preferably substantial resistance to infestation, most preferably complete inhibition of infestation.

Disease system

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram are particularly effective for controlling coffee nematode worms of at least one species selected from the group consisting of plant-parasitic nematodes: pratylenchus praecox, pratylenchus coffex, meloidogyne parvum, meloidogyne incognita, meloidogyne coffex, meloidogyne spirochaeta, andMeloidogyne paranaensisnematode, nematodiasis, dwarfing nematode, conidiophores.

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram are particularly effective for controlling nematode worms in potatoes belonging to at least one species selected from the group consisting of plant-parasitic nematodes: pratylenchus praecox, pratylenchus schlegeli, pratylenchus penetrans, pratylenchus coffea, phaeocaulus and pratylenchus ehrensis, pratylenchus andex andersoni, pratylenctylenchus andrus, pratylenchus androsacchus andrus, pratylenchus androsaceus,Pratylenchus cerealisPratylenchus nickei, pratylenchus hexafasciatus, pratylenchus luxus,Pratylenchus fasciatus, pratylenchus luosus, pratylenchus sonnei, pratylenchus destructor, pratylenchus elongatus, pratylenchus fasciatus, pratylenchus destructor, pratylenc,TrichodorusproximusSimilar Bursaphelenchus xyfolus,TrichodorussparsusMinor Bursaphelenchus, Allium Bursaphelenchus, Bursaphelenchus brevicaulis, Bursaphelenchus glabrus, Meloidogyne arachidis, Meloidogyne haploides, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne astoidogyne, Meloidogyne javanica, Meloidogyne incognita, Mel,GloboderarostochiensisWhite potato nematodes, potato stem nematodes, radopholus similis, reniform nematodes,NeotylenchusvigissiPseudowallflower heterodera, strawberry heterodera,Meloinemaspp.。

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram are particularly effective for controlling nematode pests in tomatoes belonging to at least one species selected from the group consisting of plant-parasitic nematodes: root-knot nematodes of peanut, northern, Meloidogyne javanica, Meloidogyne incognita, pratylenchus penetrans and pratylenchus praecox, pratylenchus coffex, pratylenchus schrenki, pratylenchus vestigii, pratylenchus minor, Meloidogyne parvus, Anemonchus marmoreus, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidog,Globoderasolanacearum、DolichodorusheterocephalusAnd reniform nematodes.

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram are particularly effective for controlling nematode pests in tomatoes belonging to at least one species selected from the group consisting of plant-parasitic nematodes: helicobactor, peanut root-knot nematode, northern root-knot nematode, javanica, southern root-knot nematode, pratylenchus penetrans and pratylenchus praecox, pratylenchus coffea, bretylenchus schrenki, pratylenchus destructor, pratylenchus minor, pratylenchus brevus, abnormal pearl nematode, heterodera sinensis, pratylenchus chinensis,Globoderasolanacearum、DolichodorusheterocephalusAnd reniform nematodes.

Fluopyram and compositions comprising the same are particularly effective for controlling nematode worms in pepper belonging to at least one speciesA species selected from the following plant parasitic nematodes: pratylenchus praecox, pratylenchus schlegeli, pratylenchus penetrans, pratylenchus coffea, phaeocaulus and pratylenchus ehrensis, pratylenchus andex andersoni, pratylenctylenchus andrus, pratylenchus androsacchus andrus, pratylenchus androsaceus,PratylenchuscerealisPratylenchus lineatus, pratylenchus hexameibomius, pratylenchus luusii, pratylenchus fallen, pratylenchus luusii, pratylenchus soneri, pratylenchus destructor, pratylenchus longipedus, pratylenchus caspicus, primitive rachidia, pratylenchus fasciatus, pratylenchus,TrichodorusproximusSimilar Bursaphelenchus xyfolus,TrichodorussparsusMinor Bursaphelenchus, Allium Bursaphelenchus, Bursaphelenchus brevicaulis, Bursaphelenchus glabrus, Meloidogyne arachidis, Meloidogyne haploides, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne astoidogyne, Meloidogyne javanica, Meloidogyne incognita, Mel,Globoderarostochiensis, white potato nematodes, potato stem nematodes, radopholus similis, reniform nematodes, pseudotylenchus fasciatus, pseudotylenchus fasci,NeotylenchusvigissiPseudowallflower heterodera, strawberry heterodera,Meloinemaspp.。

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram are particularly effective for controlling nematode pests on carrots of at least one species selected from the group consisting of plant-parasitic nematodes: pratylenchus praecox, pratylenchus schlegeli, pratylenchus penetrans, pratylenchus coffea, phaeocaulus and pratylenchus ehrensis, pratylenchus andex andersoni, pratylenctylenchus andrus, pratylenchus androsacchus andrus, pratylenchus androsaceus,PratylenchuscerealisPratylenchus lineatus, pratylenchus hexameibomius, pratylenchus luusii, pratylenchus fallen, pratylenchus luusii, pratylenchus soneri, pratylenchus destructor, pratylenchus longipedus, pratylenchus caspicus, primitive rachidia, pratylenchus fasciatus, pratylenchus,TrichodorusproximusSimilar Bursaphelenchus xyfolus,TrichodorussparsusMinor Bursaphelenchus, Allium Bursaphelenchus, Bursaphelenchus brevicaulis, Bursaphelenchus glabrus, Meloidogyne arachidis, Meloidogyne haploides, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne astoidogyne, Meloidogyne javanica, Meloidogyne incognita, Mel,GloboderarostochiensisWhite nematode of potato and potatoPotato stem nematode, banana perforative nematode, kidney-shaped nematode,NeotylenchusvigissiPseudowallflower heterodera, strawberry heterodera,Meloinemaspp.。

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram are particularly effective for controlling nematode worms in onion, of at least one species selected from the group consisting of plant-parasitic nematodes: pratylenchus praecox, pratylenchus schlegeli, pratylenchus penetrans, pratylenchus coffea, phaeocaulus and pratylenchus ehrensis, pratylenchus andex andersoni, pratylenctylenchus andrus, pratylenchus androsacchus andrus, pratylenchus androsaceus,PratylenchuscerealisPratylenchus lineatus, pratylenchus hexameibomius, pratylenchus luusii, pratylenchus fallen, pratylenchus luusii, pratylenchus soneri, pratylenchus destructor, pratylenchus longipedus, pratylenchus caspicus, primitive rachidia, pratylenchus fasciatus, pratylenchus,TrichodorusproximusSimilar Bursaphelenchus xyfolus,TrichodorussparsusMinor Bursaphelenchus, Allium Bursaphelenchus, Bursaphelenchus brevicaulis, Bursaphelenchus glabrus, Meloidogyne arachidis, Meloidogyne haploides, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne astoidogyne, Meloidogyne javanica, Meloidogyne incognita, Mel,GloboderarostochiensisWhite potato nematodes, potato stem nematodes, radopholus similis, reniform nematodes,NeotylenchusvigissiPseudowallflower heterodera, strawberry heterodera,Meloinemaspp.。

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram are particularly effective for controlling nematode species in cucurbits belonging to at least one species selected from the group consisting of plant-parasitic nematodes: peanut root-knot nematode, northern root-knot nematode, javanica root-knot nematode, southern root-knot nematode, reniform nematode and sonneratia.

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram are particularly effective for controlling nematode species in cucurbits belonging to at least one species selected from the group consisting of plant-parasitic nematodes: peanut root-knot nematode, northern root-knot nematode, javanica root-knot nematode, reniform nematode and sonneratia brevis.

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram are particularly effective for controlling nematode worms in cotton belonging to at least one species selected from the group consisting of plant-parasitic nematodes: girald longepuleus, Meloidogyne incognita, Columbus nemorum, Strongyloides cruzi, and reniform nematodes.

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram are particularly effective for controlling nematode worms in corn belonging to at least one species selected from plant-parasitic nematodes, in particular: pratylenchus praecox, pratylenchus fasciatus, pratylenchus praecox, pratylenchus hexagratus, pratylenchus penetrans, pratylenchus maydis,Belonolaimus gracilis、Belonolaimus nortoni、Longidorus breviannulatusRoot-knot nematode of peanut,Meloidogyne arenaria thamesiRoot knot nematodes of Gramineae, root knot nematodes of southern China,Meloidogyne incognita acritaRoot-knot nematodes, meloidogyne javanica, meloidogyne naschii, cyst nematodes of oats, cyst nematodes of rice, cyst nematodes of maize of Mexican, cyst nematodes of bulbs, nematodes of maize,Hoplolaimus aegyptii、Hoplolaimus magnistylusStrongyloides corallioides, Strongyloides indica of Indian, Strongyloides obtusifolius, Strongyloides bimaculatus, Strongyloides pseudorobustum, Strongyloides americanus,Dolichodorus heterocephalusDecorative small-ring nematodes,Criconemella onoensisThe radopholus similis, radopholus similis,Rotylenchulus borealisReniform nematodes, cropland dwarf nematodes, clear dwarf nematodes, Kletto dwarf nematodes, maximum dwarf nematodes, nude dwarf nematodes, common dwarf nematodes,Quinisulcius acutusThe micro-needle nematode,Hemicycliophora parvanaNematodes of the agro-wild type, of the species Triticum aestivum, of the species Glochidioides arachidi, of the species Glochidioides parvum,Subanguina radiciola。

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram are particularly effective for controlling nematode worms on soybeans belonging to at least one species selected from plant-parasitic nematodes, in particular: pratylenchus pratensis, pratylenchus penetrans,Pratylenchus schrenki, pratylenchus praecox, heterodera glycines cyst, nema columbuci, pratylenchus coffea, pratylenchus hexamei, pratylenchus falcatus, pratylenchus nickei, pratylenchus allergi, pratylenchus agilis, pratylenchus zeae, pratylenchus vestigii, pratylenchus fasciatus, pratylenchus fasci,Belonolaimus gracilisPeanut root-knot nematode, southern root-knot nematode, javanica, northern root-knot nematode, Columbus cord nematode, helminthic cord nematode, nephrotic cord nematode.

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram are particularly effective for controlling nematode worms on soybeans belonging to at least one species selected from plant-parasitic nematodes, in particular: pratylenchus praecox, pratylenchus penetrans, pratylenchus spinosus, pratylenchus longus, heterodera glycines, heterodera colubriformis and pratylenchus coffea, pratylenchus hexalobus, pratylenchus decipiens, pratylenchus nickelopes, pratylenchus allergillus, pratylenchus fasciatus, pratylenchus maydis, pratylenchus destructor, pratylenchus destru,Belonolaimus gracilisPeanut root-knot nematode, southern root-knot nematode, javanica, northern root-knot nematode, Columbus cord nematode, helminthic cord nematode, nephrotic cord nematode.

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram are particularly effective for controlling nematode worms in tobacco, belonging to at least one species selected from plant-parasitic nematodes, in particular: meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica and pratylenchus praecox, pratylenchus hexafasciatus, pratylenchus penetrans, pratylenchus decicatus, pratylenchus nickelatus, pratylenchus sonnei, pratylenchus vestigialis, pratylenchus maydis, strongylella transversus, pratylenchus sylvestris, pratylenchus sylus, pratyl,Paratrichodorus lobatusBursaphelenchus, peanut root-knot nematode, northern root-knot nematode, tobacco cyst nematode,Globodera solanacearum、Globodera virginiae(iv) a species of,Tetylenchus nicotianae。

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram are particularly effective for controlling citrus nematodes belonging to at least one species selected from plant parasitic nematodes, in particular: brevibacterium coffeanum and Brevibacterium pratense, pratylenchus destructor, pratylenchus longipedunculus, minor Burhapodytes, porous Burhapodytes, Burkholderia, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne inco,Meloidogyne incognita acritaRoot-knot nematode of Java,Rotylenchus macrodoratusAmerican Sword nematode, Brevibid sword nematode, Standard Sword nematode, Cyclotella spp, Ostertagia spp, (Bysharynia spp), Scleroderma spp, Sphaerotheca spp, Scleroderma,Hemicycliophora nudataAnd heminematoda.

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram are particularly effective for controlling nematode pests in bananas belonging to at least one species selected from plant-parasitic nematodes, in particular: brevibacterium coffea, radopholus similis andPratylenchus giibbicaudatuspratylenchus luusii, meloidogyne, fascioloid, bicoloid, and reniform nematode.

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram are particularly effective for controlling nematode worms in pineapple, belonging to at least one species selected from plant-parasitic nematodes, in particular: pratylenchus maydis, pratylenchus, pratylenchus shortest, pratylenchus gulus, meloidogyne, reniform and longilineae transversa,Longidorus laevicapitatusOriginal Burkholderia, minor Burkholderia, heterodera, Haemophilus,HoplolaimuscalifornicusPseudofast nema, Indian nema, biconical nematode,HelicotylenchusnannusThe multiple belt spiral nematode,Helicotylenchuserythrine、XiphinemadimorphicaudatumThe radopholus similis, radopholus similis,Tylenchorhynchusdigitatus、TylenchorhynchusebriensisThe nematodiasis, the Scutellaria gigantea, the Dioscorea zingiberensis,Psilenchustumidus、Psilenchusmagnidens、Pseudohalenchusminutus、Criconemoidesferniae、Criconemoidesonoense、Criconemoidesornatum。

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram are particularly effective for controlling nematode pests in sugarcane, which belong to at least one species selected from plant-parasitic nematodes, in particular: pratylenchus praecox, pratylenchus schlegeli, pratylenchus penetrans, pratylenchus coffea, phaeocaulus and pratylenchus ehrensis, pratylenchus andex andersoni, pratylenctylenchus andrus, pratylenchus androsacchus andrus, pratylenchus androsaceus,PratylenchuscerealisPratylenchus lineatus, pratylenchus hexafasciatus, pratylenchus luusianus, pratylenchus pseudolaris, pratylenchus luusicus, pratylenchus soneri, pratylenchus destructor, meloidogyne arachidis, meloidogyne sorghum, pratylenchus soneri, pratylenchus son,MeloidogyneartiellaMeloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne culosis, Meloidogyne javanica, Meloidogyne thaumani, Meloidogyne northern, Meloidogyne elegans, Meloidogyne africana, Meloidogyne geuensis, Spirostrongoides pseudorobusta, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidog,RotylenchulusborealisReniform nematodes, reniform nematodes and brachysternia denticulata.

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram are particularly effective for controlling nematode worms in grapes belonging to at least one species selected from plant-parasitic nematodes, in particular: pratylenchus destructor, pratylenchus arachidis, meloidogyne incognita, meloidogyne javanica, canarium encephalus, euchelenchus pratensis, pratylenchus schrenki, pratylenchus decipiens, pratylenchus brachypus, pratylenchus sonchii, and hemispinosyns.

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram are particularly effective for controlling nematode worms in the woody crop, pome, belonging to at least one species selected from plant-parasitic nematodes, in particular: pratylenchus penetrans, pratylenchus vestigii, longhead nematodes, meloidogyne incognita, and meloidogyne hapla.

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram are particularly effective for controlling nematode worms in the woody crop, drupe, belonging to at least one species selected from plant-parasitic nematodes, in particular: pratylenchus penetrans, pratylenchus vestigialis, pratylenchus arachidis, meloidogyne hapla, meloidogyne incognita, dactylenchus venorus and pratylenchus shortest, pratylenchus coffea, bretylenchus schrenbergii, pratylenchus zeae, pratylenchus longus, helichrysus diculus, catodera americanus, dactylenchus flexus, pratylenchus glauca, ancylostoma crocodium, catoderma tenuis, rennetus capsulatus.

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram are particularly effective for controlling nematode pests on woody crops-nuts, of at least one species selected from plant-parasitic nematodes, in particular: bursaphelenchus,Criconemella rusiumAnd pratylenchus, heterodera, meloidogyne incognita, Spirochache, dwarf nematode, etc,Cacopauruspestis。

Definition of plant parts

According to the invention, all plants and plant parts can be treated. Plants mean all plants and plant populations such as desired and undesired wild plants, cultivars and plant varieties (whether protected by plant varieties or plant breeders' rights). The cultivars and plant varieties may be plants obtained by conventional propagation and breeding methods, which may be assisted or supplemented by one or more biotechnological methods, such as using dihaploids, protoplast fusion, random and directed mutagenesis, molecular or genetic markers, or by bioengineering and genetic engineering methods. Plant parts mean all above-ground and underground parts and organs of plants, such as stems, leaves, flowers and roots, whereby for example leaves, needles, stems, branches, flowers, fruit bodies, fruits and seeds as well as roots, tubers, bulbs and rhizomes are listed. Crops and vegetative and generative propagation material, for example cuttings, bulbs, rhizomes, root tubers, twigs and seeds, also belong to the plant parts.

As already mentioned above, it is possible to treat all plants and their parts according to the invention. In one embodiment, wild plant species and plant cultivars, or those obtained by conventional biological breeding such as crossing or protoplast fusion, and parts thereof, are treated. In a further embodiment, transgenic plants and plant cultivars (genetically modified organisms) and parts thereof obtained by genetic engineering, if appropriate in combination with conventional methods, are treated. The term "part" or "part of a plant" or "plant part" has been explained above.

GMOs

According to the invention, it is possible to treat plants of the plant cultivars which are in each case commercially available or in use. Plant cultivars are understood to mean plants which have novel properties ("traits") which can be obtained by conventional breeding, by mutagenesis or by recombinant DNA techniques. This can be of both biotype and genotype variety.

Transgenic plants or plant cultivars (i.e. those obtained by genetic engineering) which may be treated according to the invention include all plants which have been genetically modified to obtain genetic material which imparts particularly advantageous and advantageous traits to these plants. Examples of such properties are better plant growth, increased tolerance to high or low temperatures, increased tolerance to drought or to water or soil salt content, improved flowering performance, easier harvesting, accelerated maturation, higher harvest yields, better quality and/or higher nutritional value of the harvested products, better storage stability and/or processability of the harvested products. Examples of such properties which are further and particularly emphasized are better defence of the plants against animal and microbial pests, such as against nematodes, insects, mites, phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria and/or viruses, and also increased tolerance of the plants to certain herbicidally active compounds. Particular emphasis is given to vegetables (especially tomatoes and cucurbits), potatoes, corn, soybeans, cotton, tobacco, coffee, fruits (especially citrus fruits, pineapples and bananas) and grapes.

The treatment method of the invention may be used to treat Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs), such as plants or seeds. Genetically modified plants (or transgenic plants) are plants in which a foreign gene has been stably integrated into the genome. The expression "heterologous gene" essentially denotes a gene which is provided or assembled outside the plant, which when introduced into the nuclear, chloroplast or mitochondrial genome, confers new or improved agronomic or other properties to the transformed plant, by expression of a protein or polypeptide of interest or by down-regulation or silencing of other genes present in the plant (e.g. using antisense, cosuppression or RNA interference-RNAi-techniques). Heterologous genes located within the genome are also referred to as transgenes. A transgene identified by its specific location in the plant genome is referred to as a transformation or transgenic event.

Depending on the plant species or plant cultivars, their location and growth conditions (soil, climate, growth period, food), the treatment according to the invention can also lead to superadditive ("synergistic") effects. Thus, for example, reduced application rates and/or a broadened activity spectrum and/or an increase in activity, better plant growth, increased tolerance to high or low temperatures, increased tolerance to drought or to water or soil salt content, improved flowering performance, easier harvesting, accelerated maturation, higher harvest yields, larger fruits, larger plant heights, greener leaf color, earlier flowering, better quality and/or higher nutritional value of the harvested products, higher sugar concentration in the fruits, better storage stability and/or processability of the harvested products are possible which exceed the actually expected effects.

Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram of the present invention may also have a potentiating effect in plants at certain application rates. They are therefore also suitable for mobilizing the defence system of the plant against attack by unwanted microorganisms. This may, if appropriate, be one of the reasons why fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram according to the invention have an enhanced activity, for example against nematodes. In the present context, plant-fortifying (resistance-inducing) substances are to be understood as meaning those substances or combinations of substances which are capable of stimulating the defence system of a plant in such a way that, when subsequently inoculated with unwanted microorganisms, the treated plant exhibits a certain degree of resistance to these microorganisms. In this context, unwanted microorganisms are to be understood as meaning phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria and viruses. Thus, fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram of the present invention may be used for protecting plants against attack by the above pathogens for a certain period of time after treatment. After the treatment of the plants with the active compounds, the period of time during which protection is effective is generally extended from 1 day to 10 days, preferably from 1 to 7 days. Fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram of the present invention may also have yield-enhancing effects in plants at certain application rates.

Plants and plant cultivars which are preferably treated according to the invention include all plants (whether obtained by breeding and/or biotechnological means) which have genetic material which imparts particularly advantageous, beneficial traits to these plants.

Plants and plant cultivars which are preferably treated according to the invention are resistant to one or more biotic stresses, i.e.the plants have a better defense against animal and microbial pests, such as against insects, mites, phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria, viruses and/or viroids.

Plants and plant cultivars which may also be treated according to the invention are those plants which are resistant to one or more abiotic stresses. Abiotic stress conditions may include, for example, drought, low temperature exposure, heat exposure, osmotic stress, flooding, increased soil salinity, increased mineral exposure, ozone exposure, high light exposure, limited availability of nitrogen nutrients, limited availability of phosphorus nutrients, shade avoidance.

Plants and plant cultivars that can also be treated according to the invention are those plants characterized by improved yield properties. The increased yield in the plant may be the result of, for example, improved plant physiology, growth and development, such as water usage, water retention, improved nitrogen utilization, enhanced carbon assimilation, improved photosynthesis, increased germination and accelerated maturation. Yield may also be affected by improved plant architecture (under stress and non-stress conditions), including but not limited to early flowering, flowering control for hybrid seed production, seedling vigor, plant size, number and distance of internodes, root growth, seed size, fruit size, pod or ear number, seed number per pod or ear, seed quality, increased seed filling, decreased seed dispersal, decreased pod dehiscence and lodging resistance. Further yield traits include seed composition, such as carbohydrate content, protein content, oil content and composition, nutritional value, reduction in anti-nutritional compounds, improved processability and better storage stability.

Plants which may be treated according to the invention are hybrid plants which already exhibit the property of heterosis (heterosis) or hybrid vigor (hybrid vigor) which generally results in higher yield, vigor, health and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Such plants are typically produced by crossing an inbred male-sterile parent line (female parent) with another inbred male-fertile parent line (male parent). Hybrid seed is typically harvested from male sterile plants and sold to growers. Male sterile plants can sometimes be produced (as in maize) by detasseling, i.e. mechanical removal of the male reproductive organs (or male flowers), but more typically male sterility is the result of a genetic determinant in the plant genome. In that case, and especially when the seed is the desired product to be harvested from the hybrid plant, it is often useful to ensure that male fertility in the hybrid plant is fully restored. This can be achieved by ensuring that the male parents have suitable fertility restorer genes which are capable of restoring male fertility to hybrid plants comprising a genetic determinant responsible for male sterility. The genetic determinant of male sterility may be located in the cytoplasm. Examples of Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) are described, for example, in Brassica species (W092/05251, WO 95/09910, WO 98/27806, WO 05/002324, WO 06/021972 and US6,229,072). However, the genetic determinant of male sterility may also be located in the nuclear genome. Male-sterile plants can also be obtained by plant biotechnological methods such as genetic engineering. A particularly efficient method for obtaining male sterile plants is described in WO 89/10396, in which, for example, ribonucleases such as Bacillus RNAse are selectively expressed in tapetum cells of stamens. Fertility can then be restored by expression of a ribonuclease inhibitor, such as a barnase inhibitor, in tapetum cells (e.g., WO 91/02069).

The plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which may be treated according to the invention are herbicide-tolerant plants, i.e. plants which are tolerant to one or more given herbicides. Such plants may be obtained by genetic transformation or by selecting plants comprising mutations that convey tolerance to such herbicides.

Herbicide tolerant plants such as glyphosate tolerant plants, i.e. plants which are tolerant to the herbicide glyphosate or a salt thereof. Plants can be made tolerant to glyphosate by different methods. For example, glyphosate tolerant plants may be obtained by transforming plants with a gene encoding the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS). An example of such an EPSPS gene is the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium (S)almonella typhimurium) The AroA gene (mutant strain CT 7) (Comai et al, 1983, Science 221, 370-371), the bacterium Agrobacterium (A) (Agrobacterium sp.) The CP4 gene of (Barry et al, 1992, curr. Topics Plant Physiol.7, 139-145), the gene encoding petunia EPSPS (Shah et al, 1986, Science 233, 478-481), the tomato EPSPS (Gasser et al, 1988, J. biol. chem. 263, 4280-4289) or the Eleusine EPSPS (WO 01/66704). It may also be a mutated EPSPS as described, for example, in EP 0837944, WO 00/66746, WO 00/66747 or WO 02/26995. Glyphosate tolerant plants may also be obtained by expressing a gene encoding glyphosate oxidoreductase as described in U.S. Patent nos. 5,776,760 and 5,463,175, such as U.S. Patent nos. 5,776,760 and 5,463,175. Glyphosate tolerant plants may also be obtained by expressing a gene encoding glyphosate acetyltransferase as described, for example, in WO 02/36782, WO 03/092360, WO 05/012515 and WO 07/024782. Glyphosate tolerant plants may also be obtained by selecting plants comprising naturally occurring mutations of the above genes, for example as described in WO 01/024615 or WO 03/013226.Expression conferring glyphosate tolerance EPSPS Plants of the genes are described, for example, in U.S. patent application Nos 11/517,991 、 10/739,610 、 12/139,408 、 12/352,532 、 11/312,866 、 11/315,678 、 12/421,292 、 11/400,598 、 11/651,752 、 11/681,285 、 11/605,824 、 12/468,205 、 11/760,570 、 11/762,526 、 11/769,327 、 11/769,255 、 11/943801 Or 12/362,774 In (1). Plants comprising other genes conferring glyphosate tolerance, such as decarboxylase genes are described, for example, in U.S. patent application 11/588,811 、 11/185,342 、 12/364,724 、 11/185,560 Or 12/423,926 In (1).

Other herbicide-resistant plants are, for example, plants which are tolerant to herbicides which inhibit the enzyme glutamine synthase, such as bialaphos, glufosinate or glufosinate.For example, U.S. patent application No 11/760,602 The above-mentionedSuch plants may be obtained by expressing an enzyme that detoxifies the herbicide or a mutant glutamine synthase enzyme that is resistant to inhibition. One such potent detoxification enzyme is an enzyme encoding glufosinate acetyltransferase (e.g., the bar or pat protein from Streptomyces species). Plants expressing exogenous glufosinate acetyltransferases are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,561,236, 5,648,477, 5,646,024, 5,273,894, 5,637,489, 5,276,268, 5,739,082, 5,908,810 and 7,112,665.

Other herbicide tolerant plants are also tolerant to herbicide production which inhibits the enzyme hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)The plant of (1). Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase HPPD is an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of p-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate (HPP) to homogentisate. Such as WO 96/38567, WO 99/24585 and WO 99/24586,WO 2009/144079 、 WO 2002/046387 Or US 6,768,044Plants tolerant to HPPD inhibitors may be transformed with a gene encoding a naturally occurring resistant HPPD enzyme, or a gene encoding a mutated or chimeric HPPD enzyme. Tolerance to HPPD inhibitors can also be obtained by transforming plants with genes encoding enzymes capable of forming homogentisate despite the inhibition of the native HPPD enzyme by HPPD inhibitors. Such plants and genes are described in WO 99/34008 and WO 02/36787. As described in WO 2004/024928, in addition to the gene encoding an HPPD-tolerant enzyme, the tolerance of a plant to HPPD inhibitors can also be improved by transforming the plant with a gene encoding an enzyme having Prephenate Dehydrogenase (PDH) activity.In addition, it can be metabolized or degraded by adding a gene encoding the polypeptide into its genome HPPD Inhibitor enzymes (e.g. of WO 2007/103567 And WO 2008/150473 of CYP450 Enzyme) and plant pair HPPD Inhibitor herbicides are more tolerant.

Further herbicide tolerant plants are plants which are tolerant to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors. Known ALS inhibitors include, for example, sulfonylurea, imidazolinone, triazolopyrimidine, pyrimidinyloxy (thio) benzoate, and/or sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone herbicides. For example, as described by Tracel and Wright (2002, Weed Science 50: 700-. The production of sulfonylurea-and imidazolinone-tolerant plants is described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,605,011, 5,013,659, 5,141,870, 5,767,361, 5,731,180, 5,304,732, 4,761,373, 5,331,107, 5,928,937, and 5,378,824, and International publication WO 96/33270. Other imidazolinone tolerant plants are also described, for example, in WO 2004/040012. WO 2004/106529, WO 2005/020673, WO 2005/093093, WO 2006/007373, WO 2006/015376, WO 2006/024351 and WO 2006/060634. Other sulfonylurea-and imidazolinone-tolerant plants are also described, for example, in WO 07/024782And U.S. patent application No 61/288958 In (1).

Other imidazolinone and/or sulfonylurea tolerant plants can be obtained by mutagenesis, selection in cell culture in the presence of herbicides or mutation breeding, as described for example for soybean in us 5,084,082, rice in WO 97/41218, sugar beet in us 5,773,702 and WO 99/057965, lettuce in us 5,198,599 or sunflower in WO 01/065922.

Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to the invention are insect-resistant transgenic plants, i.e. plants which are resistant to attack by certain target insects. Such plants may be obtained by genetic transformation or by selecting plants comprising mutations that impart such insect resistance.

As used herein, "insect-resistant transgenic plant" includes any plant comprising at least one transgene comprising a coding sequence encoding:

1) from Bacillus thuringiensis (B.thuringiensis) (B.thuringiensis)Bacillus thuringiensis) The insecticidal crystal protein or insecticidal portion thereof of (1) or (2) is as set forth by Crickmore et al (1998, Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 62: 807 + 813), an insecticidal crystal protein updated by Crickmore et al (2005) in the Bacillus thuringiensis toxin nomenclature (in line: http:// www.lifesci.sussex.ac.uk/Home/Neil _ Crickmore/Bt /), or an insecticidal portion thereof, such as a protein of the Cry protein classification Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1B, Cry1C, Cry1D, Cry1F, Cry2Ab, Cry3Aa or Cry3Bb or an insecticidal portion thereof (e.g., EP 1999141 and WO 2007/107302)Or as disclosed in U.S. patent application No 12/249,016 Such proteins encoded by the synthetic genes described in (1); or

2) A crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or a part thereof, which crystal protein or part thereof is insecticidal in the presence of a second other crystal protein or part thereof from Bacillus thuringiensis, such as a binary toxin consisting of Cry34 and Cry35 crystal proteins (Moellenbeck et al 2001, nat. Biotechnol. 19: 668-72; Schnepf et al 2006, Applied environm. Microbiol. 71, 1765-1774) or a binary toxin consisting of a Cry1A or Cry1F protein and a Cry2Aa or Cry2Ab or Cry2Ae protein (U.S. patent application Nos. 12/214,022 and EP 08010791.5); or

3) A hybrid insecticidal protein comprising portions of different insecticidal crystal proteins from bacillus thuringiensis, such as the protein in 1) above or the protein in 2) above, such as the cry1a.105 protein produced by maize line MON89034 (WO 2007/027777); or

4) A protein according to any one of 1) to 3) above, wherein certain (in particular 1-10) amino acids have been replaced by another amino acid to obtain a higher insecticidal activity against the target insect species and/or to extend the range of the target insect species affected, and/or caused by introducing changes in the encoding DNA in cloning or transformation, such as Cry3Bb1 protein in corn line MON863 or MON88017 or Cry3A protein in corn line MIR 604; or

5) From Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus (B.cereus)Bacillus cereus) The pesticidal secretory protein or pesticidal portion thereof, as set forth in:

http:// www.lifesci.sussex.ac.uk/home/Neil _ Crickmore/Bt/VIP. html Vegetative Insecticidal Proteins (VIP), such as proteins from the VIP3Aa protein class; or

6) A secreted protein from bacillus thuringiensis or bacillus cereus which is insecticidal in the presence of a second secreted protein from bacillus thuringiensis or bacillus cereus, such as a binary toxin consisting of a VIP1A and a VIP2A protein (WO 94/21795); or

7) A hybrid insecticidal protein comprising portions of different secreted proteins from bacillus thuringiensis or bacillus cereus, such as a hybrid of the proteins in 1) above or a hybrid of the proteins in 2) above; or

8) A protein according to any one of the above 5) to 7), wherein certain (in particular 1-10) amino acids have been replaced by another amino acid, to obtain a higher insecticidal activity against the target insect species and/or to extend the range of the target insect species affected, and/or caused by introducing changes in the encoding DNA (while still encoding an insecticidal protein) in cloning or transformation, such as the VIP3Aa protein in cotton line COT 102; or

9) Secreted proteins from bacillus thuringiensis or bacillus cereus which are insecticidal in the presence of a second crystalline protein from bacillus thuringiensis, such as binary toxins consisting of VIP3 and Cry1A or Cry1F (us patent applications nos. 61/126083 and 61/195019) or VIP3 protein and Cry2Aa or Cry2Ab or Cry2Ae protein (us patent applications nos. 12/214,022 and EP 08010791.5).

10) The protein of 9) above, wherein certain (particularly 1-10) amino acids have been replaced with another amino acid to obtain a higher insecticidal activity against the target insect species and/or to expand the range of the target insect species affected, and/or as a result of introducing changes in the encoding DNA (while still encoding the insecticidal protein) in cloning or transformation.

Of course, insect-resistant transgenic plants as used herein also include any plant comprising a combination of genes encoding any of the above categories 1-10 proteins. In one embodiment, the insect-resistant plant comprises more than one transgene encoding any of the above categories 1-10, with the aim of extending the range of target insect species affected when using different proteins for different target insect species, or delaying the development of resistance of the insect to the plant by using different proteins that have insecticidal effects on the same target insect species but have different modes of action (e.g., binding to different receptor binding sites in the insect).

"insect-resistant transgenic plant" as used herein also includes any plant comprising at least one transgene comprising a sequence which, upon expression, produces a double-stranded RNA which, upon ingestion by a plant pest, inhibits growth of the pest, e.g., WO 2007/080126、 WO 2006/129204 、 WO 2007/074405 、 WO 2007/080127 And WO 2007/035650 as described in (1).

Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to the invention are tolerant to abiotic stress. Such plants may be obtained by genetic transformation or by selecting plants comprising mutations that impart such stress resistance. Particularly effective stress tolerant plants include:

1) plants comprising a transgene capable of reducing the expression and/or activity of a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) gene in a plant cell or plant as described in WO 00/04173, WO/2006/045633, EP 04077984.5 or EP 06009836.5.

2) Plants comprising a stress tolerance enhancing transgene capable of reducing the expression and/or activity of a PARG encoding gene of a plant or plant cell, for example as described in WO 2004/090140.

3) Plants comprising a stress tolerance-enhancing transgene encoding a plant functional enzyme of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide salvage synthesis pathway, including nicotinamidase, nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase, nicotinic acid mononucleotide adenine transferase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide synthase or nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase are described, for example, in EP 04077624.7, WO 2006/133827, PCT/EP07/002433, EP 1999263 or WO 2007/107326.

Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to the invention show altered quantity, quality and/or storage stability of the harvested product and/or altered properties of specific components of the harvested product, such as:

1) transgenic plants which synthesize a modified starch which has been altered in its physico-chemical properties, in particular in respect of the amylose content or the amylose/amylopectin ratio, the degree of branching, the average chain length, the side chain distribution, the viscosity behavior, the gel strength, the starch granule size and/or the starch granule morphology, compared with synthetic starch in wild-type plant cells or plants, so that this is more suitable for specific applications. Such transgenic plants which synthesize modified starch are disclosed, for example, in EP 0571427, WO 95/04826, EP 0719338, WO 96/15248, WO 96/19581, WO 96/27674, WO 97/11188, WO 97/26362, WO 97/32985, WO 97/42328, WO 97/44472, WO 97/45545, WO 98/27212, WO 98/40503, WO99/58688, WO 99/58690, WO 99/58654, WO 00/08184, WO 00/08185, WO 00/08175, WO 00/28052, WO 00/77229, WO 01/12782, WO 01/12826, WO 02/101059, WO 03/071860, WO 2004/056999, WO 2005/030942, WO2, WO 2005/030941, WO 2005/095632, WO 2005/095617, WO 2005/095619, WO 2005/095618, WO 2005/123927, WO 2006/018319, WO 2006/103107, WO 2006/108702, WO 2007/009823, WO 00/22140, WO 2006/063862, WO 2006/072603, WO 02/034923, EP 06090134.5, EP 06090228.5, EP 06090227.7, EP 07090007.1, EP 07090009.7, WO 01/14569, WO 02/79410, WO 03/33540, WO 2004/078983, WO 01/19975, WO 95/26407, WO 96/34968, WO 98/20145, WO 99/12950, WO 99/66050, WO 99/53072, US6, 734, U.S. Pat. No. 5, 341. WO 00/11192, WO 98/22604, WO 98/32326, WO 01/98509, WO 01/98509, WO 2005/002359, US 5, 824, 790, US6, 013, 861, WO 94/04693, WO 94/09144, WO 94/11520, WO 95/35026, WO 97/20936.

2) Transgenic plants which synthesize a non-starch carbohydrate polymer or which synthesize a non-starch carbohydrate polymer having altered characteristics compared to wild type plants which have not been genetically modified. Examples are polyfructose-producing plants, in particular inulin and fructan-type polyfructose, disclosed in EP 0663956, WO 96/01904, WO 96/21023, WO 98/39460 and WO 99/24593, alpha-1, 4-glucan-producing plants, disclosed in WO 95/31553, US 2002031826, US6,284,479, US 5,712,107, WO 97/47806, WO 97/47807, WO 97/47808 and WO 00/14249, alpha-1, 6-branched alpha-1, 4-glucan-producing plants, disclosed in WO 00/73422, alternan-producing plants, disclosed in, for example, WO 00/47727, WO 00/73422, EP 06077301.7, US 5,908,975 and EP 0728213,

3) for example, transgenic plants producing hyaluronic acid are disclosed in WO 2006/032538, WO 2007/039314, WO 2007/039315, WO 2007/039316, JP 2006304779 and WO 2005/012529.

4) Transgenic plants or hybrid plants such as those described in U.S. patent application nos. 12/020,360 and 61/054,026, for example, onions having properties such as 'high soluble solids content', 'low pungency' (LP), and/or 'long term storage' (LS).

Plants or plant cultivars (which may be obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to the invention are plants such as cotton plants with altered fiber properties. Such plants may be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants comprising mutations conveying such altered fiber characteristics and include:

a) plants comprising an altered form of the cellulose synthase gene, such as described in WO 98/00549, e.g. cotton plants;

b) plants, such as cotton plants, comprising an altered form of an rsw2 or rsw3 homologous nucleic acid as described in WO 2004/053219;

c) plants with elevated expression of sucrose phosphate synthase, such as described in WO 01/17333, e.g., cotton plants;

d) plants with elevated expression of sucrose synthase, such as cotton plants, as described in WO 02/45485;

e) plants such as cotton plants as described in WO 2005/017157 or as described in EP 08075514.3 or us patent application No. 61/128,938, wherein the plasmodesmata gating timing on a fibroblast basis is altered, for example by down-regulating a fibre-selective β -1, 3-glucanase;

f) plants, such as cotton plants, having fibres with altered reactivity, for example by expression of the N-acetylglucosamine transferase gene, including nodC, and the chitin synthase gene, as described in WO 2006/136351.

Plants or plant cultivars (which may be obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to the invention are plants such as oilseed rape or related brassica plants with altered oil distribution characteristics. Such plants may be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants comprising mutations conveying such altered oil distribution characteristics and include:

a) plants producing oils with high oleic acid content, such as canola plants, for example as described in US 5,969,169, US 5,840,946 or US6,323,392 or US6,063,947;

b) plants producing oils with low linolenic acid content, such as canola plants, for example as described in US6,270,828, US6,169,190 or US 5,965,755;

c) such as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,434,283Or U.S. patent application No 12/668303 A plant that produces an oil with a low level of saturated fatty acids, such as a canola plant.

Plants or plant cultivars (which may be obtained by plant biotechnological methods such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to the invention are plants such as, for example, potatoes which are virus-resistant to, for example, the potyvirus (lines SY230 and SY233 from Tecnoplant, Argentina), which are disease-resistant to, for example, potato late blight (e.g. the RB gene), which exhibit a reduced cold-induced sweetening (carrying the Nt-Inhh, IIR-INV gene) or which have a dwarf phenotype (gene a-20 oxidase).

Plants or plant cultivars (which can be processed by plant biotechnology) which can also be treated according to the inventionObtained by a surgical method such as genetic engineering) is a plant such as oilseed rape or a related brassica plant with altered shattering characteristics. Such plants may be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants comprising mutations conferring such altered shattering characteristics, and include plants such as oilseed rape plants with delayed or reduced shattering, as described in U.S. patent application No. 61/135,230 and EP 08075648.9、 WO09/068313 And WO10/006732the method is as follows.

Particularly useful transgenic plants that can be treated according to the invention are plants comprising a transformed line or a combination of transformed lines that are the subject of a request for an unregulated identity to the animal and plant health inspection Agency (APHIS) of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), whether such a request is granted or yet to be determined. Such information is conveniently available from APHIS (4700 River Road River dale, MD 20737, USA) at any time, for example at its Internet site (URL http:// www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/not _ reg. html). At the filing date of the present application, the requests for an APHIS pending or APHIS authorized non-regulatory identity are those listed in table B, which contain the following information:

-requesting: the identification number of the request. Specifications for transformed lines can be found in various request documents available from APHIS, for example on the APHIS website by reference to the request number. These specifications are incorporated herein by reference.

-request range: refer to the previous request for the requested range.

-a mechanism: the name of the entity submitting the request.

-regulatory matters: related plant species.

-transgenic phenotype: the trait conferred to the plant by the transformed line.

-transformation of the line or strain: the name of one or more lines (also sometimes referred to as strains or lines) requesting unregulated identity.

-an APHIS file: different files related to the request and which the APHIS may require are published by the APHIS.

Additional particularly useful plants comprising a single transformed line or a combination of transformed lines are listed, for example, in databases of different national or regional regulatory bodies (see, e.g., http:// gmoinfo. jrc. it/gmp _ browse. aspx. and http:// www.agbios.com/dbase. php.).

The invention also relates to the use of fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram for controlling nematodes in plants comprising transformed lines or combinations of transformed lines, such as listed in databases of different national or regional regulatory bodies, comprising: line 1143-14A (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in WO2006/128569), line 1143-51B (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in WO2006/128570), line 1445 (cotton, herbicide tolerance, not deposited, described in US 200212064 or WO2002/034946), line 17053 (rice, herbicide tolerance, deposited as PTA-9843, described in WO2010/117737), line 17314 (rice, herbicide tolerance, deposited as PTA-9844, described in WO2010/117735), line 281-24-236 (cotton, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as PTA-6233, described in WO2005/103266 or US 20052969), line 3006-210-23 (cotton, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as PTA-6233, described in US2007143876 or WO2005/103266), line 3272 (maize, quality trait, deposited as PTA-9972, described in WO2006098952 or US2006230473), line 40416 (maize, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-11508, described in WO2011/075593), line 43a47 (maize, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-11509, described in WO2011/075595), line 5307 (maize, insect control deposited as ATCC PTA-9561, described in WO2010/077816), line ASR-368 (pitted spica, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-4816, described in US 2006206153007 or WO2004053062), line B16 (maize, herbicide tolerance, unpreserved, described in US 2006633124), line BPS-CV127-9 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB number 41603, described in WO2010/080829), line CE43-67B (cotton, insect control, deposited as DSM ACC2724, described in US2009217423 or WO2006/128573), line CE44-69D (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in US20100024077), line CE44-69D (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in WO2006/128571), line CE46-02A (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in WO2006/128572), line COT102 (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in US2006130175 or WO2004039986), line COT202 (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in US2007067868 or WO 20050579), line COT203 (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in WO 20070das/054480), line 40278 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-10244, described in WO2011/022469), line DAS-59122-7 (corn, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA 11384, described in US2006070139), line DAS-59132 (corn, insect control-herbicide tolerance, not deposited, described in WO2009/100188), line DAS68416 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-10442, described in WO2011/066384 or WO2011/066360), line DP-098140-6 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8296, described in US2009137395 or WO2008/112019), deposited line DP-305423-1 (soybean, quality traits, not described in US2008312082 or WO2008/054747), line DP-32138-1 (corn line, hybrid system, deposited as ATCC PTA-9158, described in US20090210970 or WO2009/103049, line DP-356043-5 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8287, described in US20100184079 or WO2008/002872), line EE-1 (eggplant, insect control, not deposited, described in WO2007/091277), line FI117 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC 209031, described in US2006059581 or WO1998/044140), line GA21 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC 209033, described in US 20050719 719 or WO1998/044140), line GG25 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC 209032, described in US2005188434 or WO1998/044140), line GHB119 (cotton, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8398, described in WO2008/151780), line GHB614 (cotton, herbicide-tolerant deposit, ATCC PTA-6878, described in US2010050282 or WO2007/017186), line GJ11 (maize, herbicide-tolerant deposit, ATCC 209030, described in US2005188434 or WO1998/044140), line GM RZ13 (sugar beet, virus-resistant deposit, NCIMB-41601, described in WO2010/076212), line H7-1 (sugar beet, herbicide-tolerant deposit, NCIMB 41158 or NCIMB 41159, described in US2004172669 or WO2004/074492), line jopll 1 (wheat, disease-tolerant, unpreserved, described in US2008064032), line LL27 (soybean, herbicide-tolerant deposit, NCIMB41658, described in WO 200206 108674 or US 200833616), line GHB 55 (soybean, herbicide-tolerant, deposited as NCIMB 41660, described in WO2006/108675 or US2008196127), strain LL cotton 25 (cotton, herbicide-tolerant, deposited as ATCC PTA-3343, described in WO2003013224 or US2003097687), strain LLRICE06 (rice, herbicide-tolerant, deposited as ATCC-23352, described in US6468747 or WO2000/026345), strain LLRICE601 (rice, herbicide-tolerant, deposited as ATCC PTA-2600, described in US20082289060 or WO2000/026356), strain LY038 (maize, quality trait, deposited as ATCC PTA-5623, described in US2007028322 or WO2005061720), strain MIR162 (maize, insect control, deposited as PTA-8166, described in US2009300784 or WO2007/142840), strain MIR604 (maize, insect control, non-deposited, described in US2008167456 or WO 200811591), strain MON 33085 (cotton, MON 33015985, deposited as ATCC PTA-2516, described in US2004-250317 or WO2002/100163), line MON810 (maize, insect control, not deposited, described in US2002102582), line MON863 (maize, insect control, deposited as ATCC PTA-2605, described in WO2004/011601 or US2006095986), line MON87427 (maize, pollination control, deposited as ATCC PTA-7899, described in WO2011/062904), line MON87460 (maize, stress tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8910, described in WO2009/111263 or US20110138504), line MON87701 (soybean, insect control, deposited as ATCC PTA-8194, described in US2009130071 or WO 20038 064652), line MON87705 (soybean, quality trait-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-9241, described in US 201000887 or WO 000 037016), line MON 872010 (soybean 2009/8738, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA9670, described in WO2011/034704), line MON87754 (soybean, quality trait, deposited as ATCC PTA-9385, described in WO2010/024976), line MON87769 (soybean, quality trait, deposited as ATCC PTA-8911, described in US20110067141 or WO2009/102873), line MON88017 (corn, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-5582, described in US2008028482 or WO2005/059103), line MON88913 (cotton, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-4854, described in WO2004/072235 or US2006059590), line MON89034 (corn, insect control, deposited as ATCC PTA-482, described in WO2007/140256 or US 200826089932), line MON 88788 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-6708, described in US2006282915 or WO2006/130436), line MS11 (rape, pollination control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-850 or PTA-2485, described in WO2001/031042), line MS8 (rape, pollination control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-730, described in WO2001/041558 or US2003188347), line NK603 (maize, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-2478, described in US2007-292854), line PE-7 (rice, insect control, unpreserved, described in WO2008/114282), line RF3 (rape, pollination control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-730, described in WO2001/041558 or US2003188347), line RT73 (sugar rape, herbicide tolerance, unpreserved, described in WO2002/036831 or US2008070260), line T227-1 (sugar beet, herbicide tolerance, unpreserved, described in WO2002/44407 or US2009265817), line T25 (maize, herbicide tolerance, unpreserved, described in US2001029014 or WO2001/051654), line T304-40 (cotton, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8171, described in US2010077501 or WO2008/122406), line T342-142 (cotton, insect control, unpreserved, described in WO2006/128568), line TC1507 (maize, insect control-herbicide tolerance, unpreserved, described in US2005039226 or WO2004/099447), line VIP (maize, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-3925, U.S. Pat. No. 4, described in WO2003/052073), line 32316 (corn, insect control-herbicide tolerant, deposited as PTA-11507, described in WO2011/084632), line 4114 (corn, insect control-herbicide tolerant, deposited as PTA-11506, described in WO 2011/084621).

The invention also relates to the use of fluopyram and compositions comprising fluopyram for controlling nematodes in plants carrying one or more of the lines listed in table a below:

preparation

Suitable fillers and/or surfactants which may be included in the compositions of the present invention are all formulation adjuvants commonly used in plant treatment compositions.

The ratio of fluopyram to agrochemically active compound of group (B) in the composition of the present invention may vary within a relatively wide range. In general, from 0.02 to 2.0 parts by weight, preferably from 0.05 to 1.0 part by weight, of fluopyram are used per part by weight of agrochemically active compound.

When using the active compounds of the formula (I) which can be used according to the invention, the application rate can vary within a certain range, depending on the type of application. In seed treatment, the application rate of the active compound of the formula (I) is generally from 10 to 10000 mg per kg of seed, preferably from 10 to 300 mg per kg of seed. When used in solid formulations, the active compound of formula (I) is generally administered at a rate of from 20 to 800 mg per kg of formulation, preferably from 30 to 700 mg per kg of formulation.

According to the invention, a carrier is understood to mean a natural or synthetic, organic or inorganic substance which is mixed or combined with the active compound in order to achieve better application, in particular to the plant or parts of the plant or the seeds. The carrier may be a solid or liquid, is generally inert and should be suitable for use in agriculture.

Suitable solid carriers are: for example ammonium salts and crushed natural minerals such as kaolin, clay, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatomaceous earth; and ground synthetic minerals such as finely divided silica, alumina and natural or synthetic silicates, resins, waxes, solid fertilizers, water, alcohols (in particular butanol), organic solvents, mineral and vegetable oils, and derivatives thereof. Mixtures of such carriers may also be used. Suitable solid carriers for granules are: for example crushed and fractionated natural minerals such as calcite, marble, pumice, sepiolite, dolomite and synthetic granules of inorganic and organic flours, and granules of organic materials such as sawdust, coconut shells, maize cobs and tobacco stalks. Suitable emulsifiers and/or foam formers (foam-formers) are: for example nonionic and anionic emulsifiers, such as polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ethers, for example alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, alkylsulfonates, alkyl sulfates, arylsulfonates and protein hydrolysates. Suitable dispersants are: such as lignin sulfite (lignosulphite) waste liquor and methyl cellulose.

Suitable liquefied gaseous extenders or carriers are liquids which are gaseous at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure, for example aerosol propellants such as butane, propane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide.

Tackifiers such as carboxymethylcellulose and natural and synthetic polymers in the form of powders, granules and latices, such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, or else natural phospholipids, such as cephalins and lecithins, and synthetic phospholipids, can be used in the formulations. Other possible additives are mineral and vegetable oils.

If the filler used is water, it is also possible, for example, to use organic solvents as cosolvents. Suitable liquid solvents are mainly: aromatic compounds, such as xylene, toluene or alkylnaphthalenes, chlorinated aromatic or aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as chlorobenzene, vinyl chloride or dichloromethane, aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as cyclohexane or paraffins, for example mineral oil fractions, mineral and vegetable oils, alcohols, such as butanol or glycols, and their ethers and esters, ketones, such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone or cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents, such as dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, and water.

The compositions of the present invention may comprise other additional components, for example, surfactants. Suitable surfactants are emulsifiers, dispersants or wetting agents of ionic or nonionic nature, or mixtures of these surfactants. Examples of these are salts of polyacrylic acids, salts of lignosulfonic acids, salts of phenolsulfonic acids or naphthalenesulfonic acids, polycondensates of ethylene oxide with fatty alcohols or fatty acids or fatty amines, substituted phenols (preferably alkylphenols or arylphenols), salts of sulfosuccinic esters, taurine derivatives (preferably alkyl taurates), phosphoric esters of polyethoxylated alcohols or phenols, fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols, and derivatives of compounds containing sulfate, sulfonate and phosphate groups. The presence of a surfactant is required if one of the active compounds and/or one of the inert carriers is insoluble in water and when applied in water. The proportion of surfactant is between 5 and 40% by weight of the composition according to the invention.

It is possible to use colorants such as inorganic pigments, for example iron oxide, titanium oxide, prussian blue, and also organic dyes such as alizarin dyes, azo dyes and metal phthalocyanine dyes, and also micronutrients such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc.

If appropriate, further additional components, for example protective colloids, binders, adhesives, thickeners, thixotropic agents, penetrants, stabilizers, chelating agents, complex formers, may also be present. In general, the active compounds may be combined with any solid or liquid additive commonly used for formulation purposes.

In general, the compositions according to the invention comprise from 0.05 to 99% by weight of the active compound combination according to the invention, preferably from 10 to 70% by weight, particularly preferably from 20 to 50% by weight, most preferably 25% by weight.

The active compound combinations or compositions according to the invention can be used as such or in accordance with their respective physical and/or chemical properties, in the form of their formulations or the use forms prepared from such formulations, such as aerosols, capsule suspensions, cold-fogging concentrates, hot-fogging formulations, microencapsulated granules, fine-grained formulations, suspensions for the treatment of seed (flowable suspensions for the treatment of seeds), ready-to-use solutions, dusts, emulsifiable concentrates, oil-in-water emulsions, water-in-oil emulsions, granules, microgranules, oil-dispersible powders, oil suspensions, oils, foams, pastes, pesticide seed-coating concentrates, water suspensions, suspension concentrates (suspension concentrates), soluble solutions, suspensions, wettable powders, soluble powders, powders and granules, water-soluble granules or tablets, water-soluble powders for the treatment of seeds, water-soluble powders, Wettable powders, active compound-impregnated natural and synthetic substances, and microcapsules in polymeric substances and in seed coating materials, and ULV cold-and hot-fogging formulations.

The formulations can be prepared in a manner known per se, for example by mixing the active compound or active compound combination with at least one additive. Suitable additives are all customary formulation auxiliaries, such as organic solvents, fillers, solvents or diluents, solid carriers and fillers, surfactants (such as adjuvants, emulsifiers, dispersants, protective colloids, wetting agents and tackifiers), dispersants and/or binders or fixatives, preservatives, dyes and pigments, defoamers, inorganic and organic thickeners, water repellents, where appropriate desiccants and UV stabilizers, gibberellins and also water and other processing auxiliaries. Depending on the type of preparation to be produced in each case, further processing steps, such as, for example, wet grinding, dry grinding or granulation, may be required.

Organic diluents which may be present are all polar and nonpolar organic solvents which are customarily used for this purpose. Preferably ketones, such as methyl isobutyl ketone and cyclohexanone, furthermore amides, such as dimethylformamide and alkylformamides, such as N, N-dimethyldecanamide and N, N-dimethyloctanamide, and furthermore cyclic compounds, such as N-methylpyrrolidone, N-octylpyrrolidone, N-dodecylpyrrolidone, N-octylcaprolactam, N-dodecylcaprolactam and butyrolactone, and furthermore strongly polar solvents, such as dimethyl sulphoxide, and furthermore aromatic hydrocarbons, such as xylene, Solvesso-chambers, mineral oils, such as white spirit (white spirit), petroleum, alkylbenzenes and spindle oils, furthermore esters, such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, dibutyl adipate, hexyl acetate, heptyl acetate, tri-n-butyl citrate and di-n-butyl phthalate, and furthermore alcohols, such as benzyl alcohol and 1-methoxy-2-propanol.

Suitable solid carriers for granules are: for example crushed and fractionated natural minerals such as calcite, marble, pumice, sepiolite, dolomite, and also synthetic granules of inorganic and organic flours, and granules of organic materials such as sawdust, coconut shells, maize cobs and tobacco stalks.

Suitable surfactants (adjuvants, emulsifiers, dispersants, protective colloids, wetting agents and tackifiers) are the customary ionic and nonionic substances. Examples which may be mentioned are ethoxylated nonylphenols, polyolefin glycol ethers of straight-chain or branched alcohols, reaction products of alkylphenols with ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, reaction products of fatty amines with ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, furthermore fatty esters, alkylsulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether phosphates, aryl sulfates, ethoxylated arylalkylphenols, for example tristyrylphenol ethoxylates, furthermore ethoxylated and propoxylated arylalkylphenols and also sulfated or phosphated arylalkylphenol ethoxylates or ethoxylates and propoxylates. Mention may also be made of natural and synthetic water-soluble polymers, such as lignosulfonates, gelatin, gum arabic, phospholipids, starch, hydrophobically modified starches and cellulose derivatives, in particular cellulose esters and cellulose ethers, furthermore polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl acetates, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid and copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid with (meth) acrylic esters, and also condensates of methacrylic acid with alkali metal hydroxide-neutralized copolymers of methacrylic esters and optionally formaldehyde-substituted naphthalenesulfonates.

Suitable solid fillers and carriers are all substances customarily used for this purpose in crop protection compositions. Inorganic particles such as carbonates, silicates, sulfates and oxides having an average particle size of 0.005 to 20 μm, particularly preferably 0.02 to 10 μm, may preferably be mentioned. Examples which may be mentioned are ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, urea, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, finely divided silicic acid, silica gel, natural and synthetic silicates and aluminosilicates and vegetable products, such as cereal flour, wood flour and cellulose flour.

Suitable colorants which may be present in the seed dressing agents used according to the invention include all colorants customary for this purpose. Pigments having a small amount of solubility in water and dyes that are soluble in water may be used. Examples that may be mentioned include the well-known colorants named rhodamine b (rhodamin b), c.i. Pigment Red 112 (c.i. Pigment Red 112) and c.i. Solvent Red 1 (c.i. Solvent Red 1). The colorants used may be inorganic pigments, for example iron oxide, titanium oxide, Prussian blue, and organic dyes such as alizarin, azo and metal phthalocyanine dyes, and micronutrients such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc.

Suitable wetting agents which may be present in the seed dressing agents used according to the invention include all substances which promote wetting and are customary in agrochemical active compound formulations. Preferably, alkyl naphthalene sulfonates such as diisopropyl naphthalene sulfonate or diisobutyl naphthalene sulfonate are used.

Suitable dispersants and/or emulsifiers which may be present in the seed dressing formulations used according to the invention include all nonionic, anionic and cationic dispersants customary for agrochemical active compound formulations. Preference is given to using nonionic or anionic dispersants, or nonionic or anionic dispersant mixtures. Particularly suitable nonionic dispersants are ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block polymers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, and tristyrylphenol polyglycol ethers, and also the phosphorylated or sulfated derivatives thereof. Particularly suitable anionic dispersants are lignosulfonates, polyacrylates and aryl sulphonate/formaldehyde condensates.

The antifoams which may be present in the seed dressing agents used according to the invention include all foam-inhibiting compounds customary for agrochemical active compound formulations. Preferably silicone antifoam, magnesium stearate, silicone emulsions, long chain alcohols, fatty acids and salts thereof and organofluorine compounds and mixtures thereof are used.

Preservatives which may be present in the seed dressing agents used according to the invention include all compounds which can be used for this purpose in agrochemical compositions. For example, bischlorophenol and benzyl alcohol hemiformal may be mentioned.

The secondary thickeners which may be present in the seed dressing agents used according to the invention include all compounds which can be used for this purpose in agrochemical compositions. Preference is given to cellulose derivatives, acrylic acid derivatives, polysaccharides, such as xanthan gum or magnesium aluminum silicate, modified clays, phyllosilicates, such as attapulgite and bentonite, and also finely divided silicic acids.

Suitable adhesives which may be present in the seed dressing agents used according to the invention include all conventional binders which can be used for dressing seeds. Mention may preferably be made of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol and methylcellulose (tylose).

Suitable gibberellins that may be present in the seed dressing agents used according to the present invention are preferably gibberellins a1, A3(= gibberellic acid), a4 and a 7; gibberellic acids are particularly preferably used. Gibberellins are known (see R.Wegler "Chemistry der Pflanenzchansutz-and Schädlingsbekämpfungstel" [ Chemistry of Crop Protection Agents and Pesticides ], Vol.2, Springer Verlag, 1970, p 401-412).

The formulations generally comprise from 0.1 to 95% by weight of active compound, preferably from 0.5 to 90%.

The active compound combinations according to the invention can be present in the form of their commercially available formulations and in the use forms prepared from the formulations in admixture with other active compounds, such as insecticides, attractants, sterilants, bactericides, acaricides, nematicides, fungicides, growth regulators or herbicides. Mixtures of fertilizers are also possible.

The treatment of the plants and plant parts with the active compound combinations or compositions according to the invention is carried out directly or by acting on their environment, habitat or storage space by customary treatment methods, such as dipping, spraying, atomizing, irrigating, evaporating, dusting, atomizing, broadcasting, foaming, painting, coating, watering (irrigating), drip-irrigating, and, for propagation material, in particular for seeds, also by scarfing, coating one or more coats or the like as a powder for dry-treating the seeds, as a solution for treating the seeds, as a water-soluble powder for slurry treatment. Preferably by dipping, spraying, atomizing, irrigating, evaporating, dusting, atomizing, broadcasting, foaming, painting, coating, watering (irrigating) and drip irrigation.

Consistent with conventional agricultural practice, formulation application is carried out in a manner suitable for the application form. Conventional applications are, for example, dilution with water and spraying of the spray liquor obtained, application after dilution with oil, direct application without dilution, dressing of the carrier particles or soil application.

The active compound content of the application forms prepared from commercial preparations can vary within wide limits. The active compound concentration of the application form can be from 0.0000001 up to 95% by weight of active compound, preferably 0.0001 to 2% by weight.

The compositions of the present invention include not only ready-to-use compositions that can be applied to plants or seeds with a suitable device, but also commercial concentrates that require dilution with water prior to use.

Application method

The treatment of plants and plant parts with fluopyram or compositions according to the invention is carried out directly or by acting on their environment, habitat or storage space by conventional treatment methods such as dipping, spraying, atomising, irrigation, stem injection, in-furrow application, evaporation, dusting, atomizing, spreading, foaming, painting, coating, watering, drip irrigation, and, for propagation material, in particular for seeds, also by scarfing, coating one or more coats or the like as a powder for dry-treating the seeds, as a solution for treating the seeds, as a water-soluble powder for slurry treatment. Furthermore, the active compounds can be applied by the ultra-low-volume method or the active compound preparation or the active compound itself can be injected into the soil.

In general, fluopyram is applied at a rate of 10 g to 20 kg per hectare, preferably 50 g to 10 kg per hectare, most preferably 100 g to 5 kg per hectare.

The invention furthermore comprises a method for treating seeds. The invention also relates to a seed treated according to one of the methods described in the preceding paragraphs.

The fluopyram or compositions comprising fluopyram according to the invention are particularly suitable for treating seeds. Most of the damage to crop plants caused by pests is caused by infection of the seeds during storage or after sowing and during and after germination of the plants. This stage is particularly critical since the roots and shoots of growing plants are particularly sensitive and even minor damage can lead to death of the plant. Therefore, the protection of seeds and germinating plants by using suitable compositions is of great interest.

The control of nematodes by treating plant seeds has been known for a long time and is the subject of constant improvement. However, the treatment of seeds entails a series of problems that are not always solved in a satisfactory manner. It is therefore desirable to develop methods for protecting seeds and germinating plants which do not require, or at least can significantly reduce, the additional application of crop protection agents after sowing or after germination of the plants. Furthermore, it is desirable in this way to optimize the amount of active compound used in order to provide the seed and the germinating plant with the greatest degree of protection against attack by nematodes, but without the active compound used harming the plant itself. In particular, the method of treating seeds should also take into account the inherent nematicidal properties of the transgenic plants to achieve optimal protection of the seeds and the germinating plants with a minimum of crop protection agents.

The present invention therefore also relates in particular to a method for protecting seeds and germinating plants against attack by nematodes by treating the seeds with fluopyram or a composition comprising fluopyram according to the invention. The invention also relates to the use of the composition according to the invention for treating seeds to protect the seeds and germinating plants against nematodes. Furthermore, the invention relates to seeds treated with the composition of the invention to protect them against nematodes.

The control of nematodes that damage plants after germination is effected mainly by treating the soil and the above-ground parts of the plants with compositions for crop protection. Due to the possible influence of crop protection compositions on the environment and on human and animal health, efforts are made to reduce the amount of active compound applied.

One of the advantages of the present invention is that the treatment of the seeds with fluopyram or compositions comprising fluopyram according to the invention not only protects the seeds themselves, but also the germinating plants from attack by nematodes, due to the specific systemic properties of the seeds. In this way, immediate treatment of the crop at the time of sowing or shortly thereafter can be dispensed with.

The fluopyram or compositions comprising fluopyram according to the invention are suitable for protecting the seed of the following crops: vegetables (especially tomatoes and cucurbits), potatoes, corn, soybeans, cotton, tobacco, coffee, fruits (especially citrus fruits, pineapples and bananas) and grapes.

The fluopyram or compositions comprising fluopyram of the present invention are particularly suitable for protecting seeds of soybean, in particular against soybean cyst nematodes.

The fluopyram or compositions comprising fluopyram according to the invention are suitable for protecting cucurbit seeds, in particular against meloidogyne incognita.

As will be described further below, the treatment of transgenic seed with fluopyram or compositions of the invention is of particular importance. This refers to plant seeds containing at least one heterologous gene capable of expressing a polypeptide or protein having pesticidal properties. The heterologous gene in the transgenic seed may be derived from a microorganism such as: bacillus (Bacillus), Rhizobium (Rhizobium), Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas), Serratia (Serratia), Trichoderma (Trichoderma), Corynebacterium (Clavibacter), Gliocladium (Glomus), or Gliocladium (Gliocladium). Preferably, the heterologous gene is derived from Bacillus, and the gene product is active against European corn borer (European corn borer) and/or Western corn rootworm (Western corn rootworm). Particularly preferably, the heterologous gene is derived from Bacillus thuringiensis.

In the context of the present invention, fluopyram or a composition comprising fluopyram according to the invention may be applied to seeds as such or in the form of suitable formulations. Preferably, the seeds are treated in a sufficiently stable state so that the treatment does not cause any damage. In general, the treatment of the seeds may be performed at any point in time between harvest and sowing. Typically, the seeds used are separated from the plant and the cob, husk, stem, cuticle, fuzz or pulp is removed. Thus, for example, seeds that have been harvested, cleaned and dried to a moisture content of less than 15% by weight may be used. Alternatively, seeds which have been dried, treated with, for example, water, and then dried again can also be used.

When treating seeds, it must generally be noted that the amount of fluopyram or fluopyram-containing composition of the invention and/or the amount of other additives to be applied to the seeds is chosen in such a way that the germination of the seeds is not adversely affected or the growing plants are not damaged. This must be taken into account, in particular, for active compounds which may have phytotoxic effects at certain application rates.

The fluopyram or the composition comprising fluopyram according to the invention can be applied directly, that is to say without further components or without dilution. Generally, it is preferred that the composition is applied to the seed in the form of a suitable formulation. Suitable formulations and methods for treating seeds are known to the person skilled in the art and are described, for example, in the following documents: US 4,272,417A, US 4,245,432A, US 4,808,430A, US 5,876,739A, US 2003/0176428 a1, WO 2002/080675 a1, WO 2002/028186 a 2.

Fluopyram or compositions comprising fluopyram which can be used according to the invention can be converted into conventional seed dressings, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, slurries or other seed coating materials, and also ULV formulations.

These formulations are prepared in a known manner by mixing the active compound or active compound combination with the customary additives, such as customary extenders and solvents or diluents, colorants, wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, antifoams, preservatives, secondary thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins and water.

Suitable colorants which may be present in the seed dressing agents which can be used according to the invention include all colorants which are customary for this purpose. Pigments that are sparingly soluble in water and dyes that are soluble in water may be used. Examples that may be mentioned include the known colorants named rhodamine B, c.i. pigment red 112 and c.i. solvent red 1.

Suitable wetting agents which may be present in the seed dressing agents which can be used according to the invention include all substances which are customary for agrochemical active substance formulations and which promote wetting. Preferably, alkyl naphthalene sulfonates such as diisopropyl naphthalene sulfonate or diisobutyl naphthalene sulfonate can be used.

Suitable dispersants and/or emulsifiers which may be present in the seed dressing agents which can be used according to the invention include all nonionic, anionic and cationic dispersants customary for agrochemical active substance formulations. Preferably, a non-ionic or anionic dispersant, or a mixture of non-ionic or anionic dispersants may be used. Particularly suitable nonionic dispersants are ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block polymers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, and tristyrylphenol polyglycol ethers, and also phosphorylated or sulfated derivatives thereof. Particularly suitable anionic dispersants are lignosulfonates, polyacrylates and aryl sulphonate-formaldehyde condensates.

The seed dressing agents which can be used according to the invention can be used directly or after prior dilution with water for the treatment of any seed of a very wide variety of species. The seed dressing agents or diluted preparations thereof which can be used according to the invention can also be used for dressing seeds of transgenic plants. In this context, synergistic effects can also arise in the interaction with the substances formed by the expression.

Suitable mixing apparatuses for treating seeds with the seed dressings or with preparations prepared therefrom by adding water which can be used according to the invention include all mixing apparatuses which are customarily used for seed dressing. The specific steps adopted during seed dressing comprise: adding the seeds into a mixer; adding the seed dressing preparation with the specific required amount, namely diluting the seed dressing preparation with water in itself or in advance; mixing is carried out until the preparation has been distributed evenly over the seeds. Optionally, a drying operation is subsequently performed.

The nematicidal compositions of the invention may be used for therapeutic or protective control of nematodes. The invention therefore also relates to a therapeutic and protective method for controlling nematodes using fluopyram according to the invention and compositions comprising fluopyram, which are applied to seeds, plants or plant parts, fruits or soil in which plants grow. Preferably, it is applied to the plant or plant parts, fruits or soil.

The compositions of the invention for controlling nematodes in crop protection comprise an active, but non-phytotoxic amount of a compound of the invention. By "active, but non-phytotoxic amount" is meant an amount of the composition of the invention sufficient to control or completely kill plant diseases caused by nematodes, and at the same time not showing significant symptoms of phytotoxicity. These application rates can generally vary over a wide range and depend on a variety of factors, such as nematodes, plants or crops, climatic conditions and ingredients of the compositions of the invention.

The fact that the active compounds are very plant-tolerant at the concentrations required for controlling plant diseases makes it possible to treat above-ground plant parts, vegetative propagation material and seeds, and also the soil.

In an exemplary seed treatment method, the aqueous composition comprising fluopyram may be applied in a ratio that may provide a range of 0.5 g to 10 kg, preferably 0.8 g to 5 kg, most preferably 1 g to 1 kg of fluopyram per 100 kg (dt) of seed.

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of fluopyram for controlling meloidogyne incognita in tomato.

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of fluopyram for the control of helicotylenchus in tomato.

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of fluopyram for controlling meloidogyne hapla in potatoes.

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of fluopyram for controlling heminematoda in citrus.

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of fluopyram for controlling radopholus similis in bananas.

In a further embodiment, the invention relates to a treatment process for controlling nematodes comprising the application of fluopyram in a plant drench application.

In a further embodiment, the invention relates to a treatment process for controlling nematodes in tomato comprising the application of fluopyram in a plant drench application.

In a further embodiment, the invention relates to a treatment method for controlling nematodes comprising applying fluopyram in a furrow application of the plant.

In a further embodiment, the invention relates to a treatment method for controlling nematodes in potatoes comprising applying fluopyram in an in-furrow application of the plant.

In a further embodiment, the invention relates to a treatment process for controlling nematodes comprising the application of fluopyram in a drench application.

In a further embodiment, the invention relates to a treatment process for controlling nematodes in citrus comprising applying fluopyram in a drench application.

In a further embodiment, the invention relates to a treatment process for controlling nematodes in bananas comprising the application of fluopyram in a drench application.

In a further embodiment, the invention relates to a treatment method for controlling nematodes comprising the application of fluopyram in a stem injection application.

In a further embodiment, the invention relates to a treatment process for controlling nematodes in bananas comprising the application of fluopyram in a stem injection application.

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of a composition comprising fluopyram for controlling meloidogyne incognita in tomato.

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of a composition comprising fluopyram for controlling helicotylodes in tomato.

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of a composition comprising fluopyram for controlling northern root knot nematodes in potatoes.

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of a composition comprising fluopyram for controlling heminematoda in citrus.

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of a composition comprising fluopyram for controlling radopholus similis in bananas.

In a further embodiment, the invention relates to a treatment process for controlling nematodes comprising the application of a composition comprising fluopyram in a plant drench application.

In a further embodiment, the invention relates to a treatment process for controlling nematodes in tomato comprising applying a composition comprising fluopyram in a plant drench application.

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to a treatment method for controlling nematodes comprising applying a composition comprising fluopyram in a plant in-furrow application.

In a further embodiment, the invention relates to a treatment method for controlling nematodes in potatoes comprising applying a composition comprising fluopyram in an in-furrow application to the plant.

In a further embodiment, the invention relates to a treatment process for controlling nematodes comprising applying a composition comprising fluopyram in an irrigated application.

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to a treatment method for controlling nematodes in citrus comprising applying a composition comprising fluopyram in an irrigated application.

In a further embodiment, the invention relates to a treatment process for controlling nematodes in bananas comprising the application of a composition comprising fluopyram in an irrigated application.

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to a treatment method for controlling nematodes comprising applying a composition comprising fluopyram in a stem injection application.

In a further embodiment, the invention relates to a treatment method for controlling nematodes in bananas comprising applying a composition comprising fluopyram in a stem injection application.

The general concepts of the present invention are described in the following examples, which are not intended to be limiting.

Examples A

Meloidogyne incognita in tomatoes-under plant watering application regime

To prepare a suitable preparation, the formulation is diluted with water to the desired concentration.

Soil containing a mixed population of meloidogyne incognita (meloidogyne incognita) is watered with the formulation when planting tomatoes.

After a certain period of time, nematicidal activity is determined by the percentage of galls formed. 100% means no galls are formed; 0% means that the number of galls found on the roots of the treated plants is equal to the number of galls on the roots of the untreated control plants.

In this assay, for example, the following formulations in the preparation examples showed good activity:

table a: detection in meloidogyne incognita-tomato

Examples B

Helicoverpa in tomato-under plant watering application

The soil containing a mixed population of helical nematodes (spirochaetes) was watered with the formulation when planting tomatoes.

After a certain period of time, nematicidal activity is determined by counting the nematodes. 100% means no nematodes were found; 0% means that the number of nematodes found in the treated soil is equal to the number of nematodes found in the untreated soil.

table B: detection in Spiraterinstead-tomato

Examples C

Northern root knot nematode in potatoes in a manner of application in furrow of the plant

Soil comprising a mixed population of northern root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne hapla) is treated with the formulation at the time of planting potatoes in an in-furrow application of the plant.

After a certain period of time, the nematicidal activity is determined according to the percentage of the root tubers affected. 100% means that no invasive tuberous roots were found; 0% means that the number of root tubers of the treated plant infestation is equal to the number of root tubers of the untreated control plant infestation.

table C: detection in northern Meloidogyne-Potato

Examples D

Semi-piercing nematode-irrigating applications in citrus

Soil containing a mixed population of citrus nematodes (heminematoda) under the citrus crown was irrigated with the formulation.

table D: detection in semi-penetrating nematodes-citrus

Examples E

Radopholus similis-irrigation applications in bananas

The soil under bananas affected by a mixed population of banana root nematodes (radopholus similis) was watered with the formulation.

After a certain period of time, nematicidal activity was determined by counting nematodes in the banana roots. 100% means no nematodes were found; 0% means that the number of nematodes found in the treated plots is equal to the number of nematodes in the untreated plots.

table F: radopholus similis-banana detection

Examples G

Radopholus similis-stem injection in bananas

The stems of bananas grown in soil infested with a mixed population of banana root nematodes (radopholus similis) are injected with the formulation.

table G: radopholus similis-banana detection

Examples H

Southern root knot nematode-post-transplant drip irrigation application in tomatoes

Soil containing a mixed population of meloidogyne incognita (meloidogyne incognita) was treated with the formulation by drip irrigation 6 days after tomato transplantation.

table H: detection in meloidogyne incognita-tomato

Examples I

Meloidogyne javanica in cucumber under drip irrigation application mode

The soil containing a mixed population of root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne javanica) is treated with the preparation at cucumber planting by drip irrigation.

table I: detection in meloidogyne javanica-cucumber

Claims

1. N- { [ 3-chloro-5- (trifluoromethyl) -2-pyridinyl ] ethyl } -2, 6-dichlorobenzamide (fluopyram) of formula (I)

Or N-oxides for controlling nematode infestations of crops selected from vegetables, corn, soybean, cotton, tobacco, coffee, sugar cane, fruits, woody crops-nuts, flowers and for increasing yield.

2. N- { [ 3-chloro-5- (trifluoromethyl) -2-pyridinyl ] ethyl } -2, 6-dichlorobenzamide (fluopyram) of formula (I)

Or N-oxides for controlling nematode infestation of crops selected from vegetables, especially tomatoes and cucurbits, potatoes, peppers, carrots, onions, corn, soybeans, cotton, tobacco, coffee, sugar cane, fruits, especially citrus fruits, pineapples and bananas, and grapes, woody crops-pome, woody crops-stone fruits, woody crops-nuts, flowers and for increasing yield.

3. Use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the composition comprises, in addition to the filler and/or the surfactant, a filler and/or a surfactant

A) Fluopyram and

B) at least one agrochemically active compound.

4. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein fluopyram is applied at a rate of 100 g-5 kg per hectare.

5. A method for controlling nematodes, which comprises applying to a plant fluopyram according to claims 1 to 4.

6. A method of treating seeds for controlling nematodes in a crop group selected from vegetables, potatoes, corn, soybeans, cotton and bananas, the method comprising applying to the seeds a composition according to claims 1 to 4.

7. A method for increasing yield, comprising applying fluopyram according to claims 1 to 5 to plants.

8. A method for increasing yield comprising applying fluopyram according to claims 1 to 4 and 6 to seeds.