HK1163031A1

HK1163031A1 - Lateral thruster for a vessel

Info

Publication number: HK1163031A1
Application number: HK12103704.7A
Authority: HK
Inventors: Hubert Holesz
Original assignee: Sleipner - Marinno Gmbh
Priority date: 2008-11-17
Filing date: 2009-11-12
Publication date: 2012-09-07
Also published as: AU2009316221A1; ES2424136T3; AT507419B1; PL2346733T3; US8939104B2; CA2743877A1; AT507419A4; CN102256868B; US20120251353A1; EP2346733B1; CN102256868A; EP2346733A1; CA2743877C; AU2009316221B2; WO2010054418A1

Abstract

A lateral thruster for a vessel with a housing (1), at least one electric motor (2, 2′) fitted in the housing (1) and at least one transverse propeller (13) acting transversely with respect to a longitudinal axis (3) of the vessel (5) is additionally provided with at least one longitudinal propeller (21) acting in a direction of the longitudinal axis (3) of the vessel (5).

Description

Transverse thruster for a ship

Technical Field

The invention relates to a transverse thruster (Querstrahlruder) for a ship (Wasserahrzeug), comprising a housing, at least one electric motor mounted in the housing, and at least one transverse propeller (Querspropeller) acting transversely to the longitudinal axis of the ship.

Background

Device for assisting the maneuvering of a ship with propellers acting transversely to the longitudinal axis of the shipIs also known as a lateral propulsion controller (querstlauranage). For the arrangement which is present in most cases in the region of the bow, this is often also referred to as bow thruster (Bugstrahlruder).

In the conventional construction of a bow thruster, a tubular passage is constructed through the entire width of the ship in one tenth of the front of the ship (Zehntel). In the tubular passage, a propeller (impeller) is arranged, which makes it possible to move the bow of the ship to the port side (backsbird) or starboard side (Steuerbord), wherein the direction of rotation of the propeller is adapted accordingly. The propeller is driven by an electric or hydraulic motor installed in the ship.

For example, transverse thrusters without a tubular passage through the ship are known from documents EP 0716977 a1 and US 2001/0291133a1, in which the propeller is located in the water outboard of the ship, but the motor is located in the inboard of the ship. Documents US 5,152,240a and US4,529,386A describe a transverse thruster which is arranged completely in the interior of the ship and which, after opening flaps in the hull, can be rolled out of the bow or can be withdrawn again into the bow.

Such a transverse thruster is obtained from documents US4,732,104 a, DE 3001701 a1, US4,208,978A and US4,223,625A, which are fixed at the bow and are arranged above the water when not in use. The lateral thruster can be sunk below the horizontal plane by means of a different instrument, for example by manually swinging about a horizontal axis.

From document FR 2810012 a 1a transverse thruster is obtained which is mounted in a removable manner outboard of the ship at the side of the ship and in which, in operation, the motor and propeller of the transverse thruster are located underwater in the casing.

In the transverse thruster known from document WO 2005/087584a1, the casing of the transverse thruster is fixedly secured overboardIs mounted at the hull. At least one propeller acting transversely to the longitudinal axis of the ship and at least one electric motor provided for driving the propeller or propellers are arranged in the housing.

Furthermore, a boat drive is known from document EP 0566788, which has a propeller driven by an electric motor and which can be mounted externally on the hull of a boatTo (3).

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is to widen the application possibilities of a transverse thruster of the type mentioned at the outset. According to the invention, this object is achieved by a device with the features according to claim 1.

In addition to at least one transverse propeller which acts transversely to the longitudinal axis of the ship, the device according to the invention has at least one longitudinal propeller which acts in the longitudinal direction of the ship. In one embodiment of the invention, the longitudinal propeller can be driven by the same electric motor as the transverse propeller, wherein the transverse propeller and the longitudinal propeller can be connected to and disconnected from the electric motor by a clutch (Kupplung), respectively. In a further embodiment, the transverse propeller and the longitudinal propeller can each be driven by a dedicated electric motor, wherein both the electric motor for driving the transverse propeller and the electric motor for driving the longitudinal propeller are arranged in a common housing. In principle, it is also conceivable and feasible to provide more than one transverse propeller, wherein the transverse propellers may be driven by the same or separate electric motors. Furthermore, it is also conceivable and feasible to provide more than one longitudinal propeller, wherein the longitudinal propellers may be driven by the same or separate electric motors.

In particular, in conjunction with the starting (Ablegen) and stopping (allegen) of the ship, the maneuvering possibilities of the ship are significantly broadened by the device according to the invention. In most cases, the motorized (motorisch) main drive of a motor ship (Motorschiff) is constructed in the form of an internal combustion engine. Such internal combustion engines require a certain minimum rotational speed at which relatively much propulsion is still produced, so that steering of the ship with the main drive is very difficult. By equipping the vessel with the device according to the invention, the main drive can be completely closed for maneuvering the vessel, and the vessel can only be maneuvered with the device according to the invention. The speed of the ship can be influenced in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the ship (forward or backward) by means of the longitudinal propeller, wherein the ship can be accelerated or braked. By means of the transverse propeller, the direction of the longitudinal axis of the ship can be changed. The device according to the invention therefore represents a transverse thruster with an integrated auxiliary drive.

Parallel displacement of the vessel may also be performed if there is an additional lateral thruster at the other end of the vessel.

Particularly advantageously, the device according to the invention can be applied in ships with a length in the range of 7m to 20 m.

Advantageously, the device according to the invention can be used both in motor boats and in sailing boats.

Suitably, the weight of a ship equipped with a device according to the invention is in the range of 1.5t to 18 t.

Preferably, the housing of the device according to the invention is fixedly mounted overboard the hull. For this purpose, the cover has a connecting flange, by means of which the cover can be fixedly mounted overboard on the ship hull.

By the arrangement of the at least one electric motor in a housing arranged overboard, the electric motor can be cooled by water. Thereby, a simple and efficient cooling of the at least one electric motor is achieved.

Suitably, the longitudinal propeller may also be used to provide a power source. For example, in long travels with sailboats, a sufficient current supply is often problematic. By the movement of the ship through the water (for example by wind drive), the longitudinal propeller can be driven by this movement and the or an associated electric motor, which now functions as a generator, is driven.

In order to reduce the water resistance during driving, the longitudinal propeller may be configured as a variable pitch propeller (Verstellpropeller), if not required. Variable pitch propellers are known.

Drawings

Further advantages and details of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawings. Wherein:

fig. 1 shows a device according to the invention in an oblique view;

FIG. 2 shows an oblique view of the device of FIG. 1 from another viewing direction;

FIG. 3 shows a side view;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of the apparatus;

fig. 5 shows a schematic representation of the operating and control unit of the device;

fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a modified embodiment corresponding to fig. 4;

fig. 7 shows a schematic representation of a ship with a device according to the invention fitted there.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 to 5 show exemplary embodiments of the device according to the invention. The device comprises a housing 1 with an electric motor 2 arranged therein. The housing 1 has a longitudinal axis which, in the assembled state of the device, can be oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis 3 of the ship. Suitably, the casing 1 may be streamlined to minimize water resistance.

The connecting flange 6 of the housing 1 serves to fix the housing 1 to the hull 4 of the watercraft 5 (see fig. 7), the connecting flange 6 bearing against the hull 4 in the assembled state. This fixing is effected by means of first bolts (gewendbolzen) 7, which first bolts 7 are mounted at the connecting flange 6 (for example by welding or screwing). The bolt 7 is hollow, so that the supply and control lines of the device can be guided through the bolt 7. The seal 8 is intended to seal against a hole through the hull 4. Also shown are nuts 9, 10 for tightening. Advantageously, in addition to this primary fixing, an additional fixing is also provided, for which purpose holes 11, 12 are provided through the connecting flange 6, through which holes 11, 12 screws (Schraube) can be screwed into the hull 14, for example.

The transverse propeller 13 can be driven by the electric motor 2, the axis 14 of which is transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the longitudinal axis of the housing 1 or to the longitudinal axis 3 of the watercraft 5 and which thus acts in a transverse direction 15, the transverse direction 15 being indicated by a double arrow in fig. 1.

The transverse propeller 13 is arranged in a passage (Durchgangskanal)16 through the housing, which extends parallel to its axis 14, whereby the transverse propeller 13 represents a pusher or a shrouded propeller (Mantelpropeller).

The shaft 17 of the transverse propeller 13 is rotatably supported by a component 18 (see fig. 2 and 3) fixed at the housing (the component 18 may be part of the housing 1 or rigidly connected to the housing 1). Thereby, the lateral propeller 13 is carried by the housing 1.

The axis of the electric motor 2 is parallel to the longitudinal axis 3 of the vessel 5 or of the housing 1, i.e. the electric motor 2 is oriented in the longitudinal direction of the vesselIs loaded into the housing 1. The longitudinal axis of the electric motor 2 is perpendicular to the axis 14 of the transversal propeller 13. The force transmission is effected via an angle gear (Winkelgetriebe)19, in particular the angle gear 19 being formed by a bevel gear.

A clutch 20, the function of which will be explained further below, is arranged between the electric motor 2 and the transverse propeller 13. The clutch 20 may be configured in the form of an electromagnetic clutch.

Furthermore, the electric motor 2 can drive a longitudinal propeller 21, the axis 22 of which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing 1 or to the longitudinal axis 3 of the vessel 5. The longitudinal propeller 21 thus acts in the longitudinal direction 23, the longitudinal direction 23 being represented in fig. 4 by a double arrow. The longitudinal direction 23 is parallel to the main direction of motion 24 of the vessel (straight ahead).

The shaft 25 of the longitudinal propeller 21 is rotatably supported by the housing 1 or a component rigidly connected to the housing 1. Thereby, the longitudinal propeller 21 is carried by the housing 1.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 3, the longitudinal propeller 21 is surrounded by an annular outer casing (ummantellung) 26, the outer casing 26 being fixed to the housing 1. In this way, the longitudinal propeller is configured as a pusher or shrouded propeller.

The longitudinal propeller 21 is connected to the electric motor 2 via a clutch 27, the function of which clutch 27 will be explained below. The clutch 27 is preferably designed as an electromagnetic clutch.

If the clutch 20 is engaged and the clutch 27 is disengaged, the electric motor 2 drives the transverse propeller 13 and the device functions in a conventional manner as a transverse thruster. Propulsion in the starboard or port side direction may be caused depending on the direction of rotation of the electric motor 2.

If the clutch 20 is disengaged and the clutch 27 is engaged, the electric motor 2 drives the longitudinal propeller 21. The device now functions as an auxiliary drive, wherein the propulsion can be effected forward or backward depending on the direction of rotation of the electric motor.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic representation of a vessel 5 equipped with a device according to the invention. The device according to the invention is here fixedly mounted overboard the hull 4 in the region of the bow. In the region of the tail, a motorized main drive 29 is present for driving the ship at cruising speed (reisegeschwindiggeit). In particular, the main drive 29 can have an internal combustion engine.

It is conceivable and feasible for the device according to the invention to be fitted in the region of the tail.

The device can be used for manoeuvring when the main drive of the vessel 5 is closed or at least to assist manoeuvring at low speeds (less than 5 nautical miles).

The main drive can be switched off in the vicinity of the docking position and the takeoff position, and the vessel 5 can be moved further and the vessel 5 can be controlled flexibly using the device according to the invention only. Here, the longitudinal propeller 21 is used not only to move the ship forward or backward, but also to brake the movement of the ship in the longitudinal direction 23 when the ship has an excessively high speed or when the ship is driven by wind pressure. When the device is mounted in the bow region of the bow or in the stern region of the stern of the ship 5, it can be moved to the starboard side or to the port side by means of the transverse propeller 13.

In this embodiment, the electric motor drives the lateral propeller 13 and the longitudinal propeller 21 alternately (sequentially). Thus, at most one of the clutches 20,27 is engaged simultaneously.

A corresponding operating and control unit 30 for the transverse thruster with an auxiliary drive is schematically shown in fig. 5. The lever (Steuerkn U ppel)28 can be moved in four directions perpendicular to one another starting from the zero position. The two opposite directions are used for the function of controlling the direction of the transverse thrusters, i.e. for controlling the transverse propellers 13 (starboard and port side propulsion directions), and moreover, the two opposite directions perpendicular thereto are used for controlling the auxiliary drives, i.e. the longitudinal propellers 21 (forward and backward propulsion directions).

A modified embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 6. The following differences exist with respect to the above described embodiments: here, separate electric motors 2,2' are provided for driving the transverse propellers 13 and for driving the longitudinal propellers 21. In this case, a clutch between the electric motor 2 driving the transverse propeller 13 and the transverse propeller 13 or between the electric motor 2' driving the longitudinal propeller 21 and the longitudinal propeller 21 can be dispensed with.

Preferably, the two electric motors 2,2 'are inserted into the housing 1 in the longitudinal direction of the ship, so that the axes of the electric motors 2,2' are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing 1.

The driving of the propellers 13,21 may be performed alternately (sequentially) as described above. Further, an operation and control unit similar to that of fig. 5 may be provided. In this embodiment, an additional parallel actuation can also be realized in a simple manner. For this purpose, an operating and control unit can be provided, in which the control rod 28 can be moved in all directions from its zero position, depending on the manner of the Joystick (Joystick). Thereby, the functions of the lateral thruster and the auxiliary drive can be performed not only sequentially but also simultaneously.

In a planing boat (Gleiter), the bow of the boat protrudes from the water during travel and the device according to the invention according to one of the described embodiments is located outside the water flow. Manoeuvring in slow portsThe device is fully useful.

The dimensions of the device according to the invention can be adapted to the respective ship size, from large boats to medium-sized planing (motor) and draining ships(sailing boat).

It is also possible to provide more than one electric motor 2 for driving the transverse propeller, for example two electric motors connected in series in the longitudinal direction of the ship, on both sides of the channel 16.

It is conceivable and feasible to provide more than one transverse propeller 13 and/or more than one longitudinal propeller 21, which are driven jointly by one electric motor or by a plurality of electric motors.

In order to reverse the direction of rotation of the respective propeller 13, 12 (umdrehen), it is conceivable and possible in principle to provide a reversing gear (Umkehrgetriebe) instead of reversing the direction of rotation of the associated electric motor 2,2', respectively.

List of reference numerals

1 casing

2,2' electric motor

3 longitudinal axis

4 ship hull

5 Ship

6 connecting flange

7 bolt

8 sealing element

9 nut

10 nut

11 holes

12 holes

13 horizontal propeller

14 axes

15 transverse direction

16 channels

17 axle

18 parts

19-degree transmission mechanism

20 Clutch

21 longitudinal propeller

22 axis

23 longitudinal direction

24 main direction of motion

25 shaft

26 outer cover

27 Clutch

28 control rod

29 host driver

30 operating and control unit

Claims

1. A transverse thruster for a ship with a housing (1), at least one electric motor (2,2') mounted in the housing (1) and at least one transverse propeller (13) acting transversely to the longitudinal axis (3) of the ship (5), characterized in that the transverse thruster is additionally equipped with at least one longitudinal propeller (21) acting in the direction of the longitudinal axis (3) of the ship (5).

2. The transverse thruster according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal propeller (21) can be driven by the same electric motor (2) as the transverse propeller (13), wherein the transverse propeller and the longitudinal propeller (13,21) can be connected to the electric motor (2) and disconnected from the electric motor (2) by means of clutches (20,27), respectively.

3. Lateral thruster according to claim 1, characterized in that the lateral propeller (13) and the longitudinal propeller (21) can be driven by a dedicated electric motor (2,2'), respectively, wherein not only the electric motor (2) for driving the lateral propeller (13) but also the electric motor (2') for driving the longitudinal propeller (21) are arranged in the casing (1).

4. Lateral thruster according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said lateral propeller (13) is carried by said casing (1).

5. Lateral thruster according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lateral propeller (13) is arranged in a passage (16) through the casing (1) extending transversely to the longitudinal axis (3) of the vessel (5).

6. Lateral thruster according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said longitudinal propeller (21) is carried by said casing (1).

7. Transverse thruster according to claim 6, characterized in that a shaft (25) is rotatably supported in the casing (1) or in a component rigidly connected with the casing (1), the longitudinal propeller (21) being arranged at the shaft (25).

8. Lateral thruster according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a casing (26) annularly surrounding the longitudinal propeller (21) is fixed at the casing (1).

9. Lateral thruster according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the casing (1) is fixedly mounted overboard at the hull (4).