HK1009651B - Device for reshaping railway rails - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a railway track retracting system working on a track. There are many devices for retracting the rails of a railway track, and railway vehicles equipped with such devices, particularly those described in CH 633.336; CH 654.047; CH 666.068, or CH 675.440 which all contain milling units for correcting certain rail defects. The rails on a track have not only damaged profiles but also longitudinal ripples of varying amplitude. CH 680.672 describes a process for planning in advance the optimal retraction operations to be performed on a given section.This method allows for the optimisation of maintenance operations in order to reduce track load time. If it is determined that a large amount of material must be removed to correct rail defects, milling or polishing of the rails may require several passes on the same section, even using machines with multiple milling units. This is hardly compatible with the time that can be allocated to re-rolling work depending on the railway load rate.The milling of rails in a workshop is known and described, for example, in French patent 2.659.584. To obtain precise re-wiring, during milling or grinding in the process, it is necessary to ensure that the mill or mill is guided longitudinally and transversely. In addition, the result is influenced by the guiding base that carries the tool.The German patent DE 32 22 208 uses two height-adjustable skids that form a symmetrical base on either side of the mill. These devices have the disadvantage of being able to correct only one type of rail defect at a time. The longitudinal waves of the rails do not all have the same wavelength, so both long waves (30 cm to 3 meters) and short waves (3 cm to 30 cm) must be eliminated. Existing devices have tools carried by a single guide base and therefore only correct waves of a certain length (long waves with a guide base) which is not suitable for high-speed compatibility.

On the other hand, the quality of the milling finish is clearly insufficient for high-speed trains and therefore it is necessary to provide for polishing of the rail to completely remove the marks left by the milling teeth, an operation which in existing systems requires a further pass with another machine.

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages mentioned above. The patent holder proposes a railway winding system capable of removing a large amount of metal from at least one railway track and of eliminating both long and short corrugations, while ensuring a perfect finish on the winding rails. Another purpose of the invention is to increase the speed of rail winding work.

The present invention is intended to be used for a retracting system on the surface of the mushroom of at least one railway track which is distinguished by the characteristics listed in claim 1.

The attached drawing shows two schematically and by way of example the execution of the rewiring system according to the present invention.

Figure 1 is an overview of the profile of the milling wagon fitted with a milling device.

Figure 2 is a profile view of a first implementation of the milling machine.

Figure 3 is a close-up view of the device shown in Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a profile view of a second form of milling unit showing the mill in working position.

Figure 5 is a view in elevation of the milling unit shown in Figure 4 in the tool change position.

Figure 6 shows a top view of the milling machine.

Figure 7 is a partial longitudinal profile view of the milling wagon showing the tool storage and exchange device.

Figure 8 shows a cross-section of the milling wagon showing a change of tool.

Figure 9 is a profile view of a rail cooling device.

Figure 10 is a view at the end of the rail cooling device.

Figure 11 is a view of the power car.

Figure 12 is a profile view of the milling wagon.

Figure 13 shows a detailed view of the suction and storage system for the chips during the milling operation.

Figure 14 shows the device for unloading the chips.

The milling and chip storage wagon shown in Figure 1 is the main component of the rail rewiring system. This wagon has a measuring device 1 in front of the milling machine which makes it possible to assess the deformation of the rail to be treated. The milling machine is fixed to the chassis 2 of the railway vehicle 3 by means of cylinders 4,5,6 which allow the milling machine to be held in the working position and lifted up. A rudder 7 connects the chassis 2 to the frame 9 of the milling machine. This rudder 7 allows the milling machine to be driven along the track.The milling device has two 8.9 frames articulated with each other. These 8.9 frames rest at three points on each rail via support and guide units 10,11,12. The frames 8 and 9 are of different lengths, the frame 8 carrying the milling unit 13 being longer than the frame 9 carrying the milling unit 14. These 8.9 frames each form a guide base for the milling unit 13,14 they carry. The milling unit 13 carried by the longer frame 8 will eliminate long ripples on the rail, while the milling unit 14 carried by the 9th will eliminate short ripples.

Each of the milling units 13,14 is equipped with a milling machine and the means of moving this milling machine which will be described in detail below. Figure 1 also shows heating devices for rail 15,16 located at the front of each of the two milling units 13,14 and a cooling device for rail 17 located at the rear of the milling unit. The heating devices for rail are mounted on the frames 8,9 respectively. The cooling unit 17 is towed by the second frame 9 by means of a rudder.

The unit of measurement 1 of rail deformation allows the cutting depth at which the mills are to be worked and the power to be supplied to the heating units at a given speed of advance to be determined.

Figure 2 shows a schematically and in more detail a form of execution of the milling device. This device has a first frame 8 connected by means of two cylinders 4.5 to the chassis 2 of the vehicle. These cylinders 4.5 hold the frame 8 under the chassis 2 and allow it to be lifted up when walking upright, for example. In operation, these cylinders 4.5 allow the milling unit to be applied against the rail with a determined force.

The frame 8 when viewed from the side has a horizontal part extending approximately between the two cylinders 4 and 5. This horizontal part is extended by an oblique mount forward and vertical to the rear. The oblique mount is connected to a first support and guidance device 10. This device 10 is equipped with 18 rollers which are in contact with the rail in working position and guide skids 19. A second support and guidance device 11 serves as a support to the rear mount of the frame 8. The milling device also has a second frame 9 carrying a second milling unit. The oblique front mount of the second frame 9 is articulated to the rear mount of the frame 8 by means of a 20 longitudinal axis perpendicular to the rail axis. The frame 9 is mounted on a rear axis and between them are also mounted 12 guide mounted wheel mounted on three guide mounted points.

Two 21.21' guide columns in the horizontal part of frame 8 extend perpendicular to the rail, and a support 22 with two handles corresponding to the 21.21' guide columns is connected to frame 8 by a screw 23.

The control device 25 of the screw 23 allows the distance between the support 22 and the rail to be varied and the cutting depth of the milling machine 24 can be adjusted.

Figure 3 is a view at the end of the milling device showing the device which allows the spacing of the 8.9 frames associated with each rail to be adjusted. A hydraulic cylinder 26 coupled with a guide device 27 allows the guide skates 19 to be laid against the inner side of each rail. These skates 19 can be replaced by guide pebbles supporting against the inner side of the rail. The guide device is also equipped with a guide roller 28 which is applied under the action of a cylinder 29 against the outer side of the rail thus ensuring perfect cross-traversal guidance.The support and guide devices 10,11,12 have several rollers 18 and skates 19. The rollers 18 can in one variant be replaced by support skates. These rollers 18 and their skates 19 can be spaced apart from each other by a fixed value or according to a determined function. By defining an irregular spacing between the rollers 18, for example a spacing corresponding to the prime numbers, it is avoided that in the presence of regular rail undulations, the rollers all rest on a maximum or minimum of the rail undulation amplitude.The first milling machine has a longer guide base, consisting of the frame 8 and the support devices 10,11, than the second milling machine's guide base 9,11,12'. The first milling machine will be able to correct the longer ripples while the second milling machine, which has a 24' range and is guided by a shorter base 9, will correct the shorter ripples.The distance between the two mills is determined to ensure the best transfer function of the whole, i.e. the best correction of the long and short waves of the rail.

Figure 2 also shows a schematic of a heating unit 31 mounted on the chassis 22 This heating unit 31 allows the surface film of the rail mushroom to be brought to a temperature of a few hundred degrees, which greatly facilitates the work of the milling machines. The working temperature is suitable for each type of steel on the rails.A second heating unit (not shown) can be placed on the 22' support of the second milling unit 24'. The heating of the rail allows on the one hand to increase the productivity (speed of advance and removal of material) of the milling by a factor of the order of 5 and on the other hand the wear of the milling units is reduced by a factor of the same order of magnitude.

Figures 4.5 illustrate in detail a second way of making the milling units and how they are attached to the frame which serves as their guide base. The milling unit has a milling unit 40 mounted on a chuck 41. This milling unit 40 is driven in rotation by an engine 42 coupled to a drive 43 which may be fitted with a gear reducer or clutch. This assembly is mounted on a support 44 by means of a linker 45. This linker 45 is mounted on the support 44 by rotating on an axis contained in a vertical plane passing through an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rail.Means (not shown) are arranged in the support 44 to vary the angular position of the linking element 45 with respect to the support 44 by the action of a control organ. Thus the milling unit can rotate 90 degrees, which allows the milling unit to be successively brought from a working position on the rail (Figure 4) to a tool changing position as shown in Figure 5. The frame 8 which serves as a guide base for the milling unit has a piece 46 with a mechanical stop 47. The support 44 is mounted on the piece 46 rotating around an axis 48.By operating a cylinder 49 with a rod solid to the support 44 and a cylinder fixed to the part 46, the milling machine 40 can be moved in the vertical plane perpendicular to the rails, bringing the milling machine closer or closer to the rail depending on the desired cutting depth for the re-wiring.

Figure 6 shows the milling machine seen from above, which has four milling units arranged in their respective 8,9,8',9' frames.

The milling and chip storage wagon shown in Figure 7 in longitudinal cut shows the device which allows the tool to be changed from inside the wagon. A wagon 50 carrying a lever 51 can move longitudinally along a rail 52 fixed to the wagon ceiling and load a milling machine located in the front of the wagon which constitutes the stock of strawberries. The milling machine is brought to the 51 via an opening 53 in the wagon's toolbox above the milling unit on which a tool change is to be made.

The milling unit 55 on the left of the figure is in the service position milling the rail, while the milling unit 56 is shown in a position allowing the tool to change after undergoing a 90° rotation around an axis parallel to the rail in the direction of the F-arrow. In this position the 51 lever can align the milling unit 40 with respect to the milling unit's chuck 41.

Figure 9 shows cooling device 17 located at the rear of the milling units. This device is connected to the chassis 2 of the rail vehicle by a cylinder 70 which allows the lifting of the said device. The piston of this cylinder 70 is connected to the shaft 71 of the cooler by means of a binding piece 72. This binding piece 72 also receives one end of a rudder 73 whose other end is solidary to the frame 9 forming the guidance base of the second milling unit. This rudder 73 allows the drive and guidance of the cooler. The shaft 71 of the cooler has 74 guide wheels that come to take the rail into service position.Inside Building 71, chicanes 75 are arranged in such a way as to cause a swirling flow of the coolant flowing through the building. Building 71 still has a 76 inlet and 77 outlet of coolant on the upper part. Figure 10 shows the coolant in a partial cut and shows a cylinder 78 connected to the 72 linkage part and which allows the spacing between the coolants associated with each of the rails to be adjusted and thus ensures transverse guidance of the coolants on the rails.

Figure 11 shows the power car used in the rail re-winding installation. This power car provides the electrical energy needed to power the milling units as well as the heating units. This power car is located behind the milling car which is at the head of the convoy and in front of a car shown in Figure 12 which carries 80.81 grinding and finishing units to remove striations left on the rail by milling work. These grinding or polishing units are for example described in US Patents 4 615 150 or US 5 265 379.The mills used can be stone, peripheral, shaped mills or abrasive blocks of alternating motion shape. This wagon is also equipped with a device for suctioning and storing dust produced by the milling. The milling wagon also has a measuring unit 82 located behind the milling units. This unit 82 allows to measure the quality of the resulting re-wiring and through a bonding of the milling units and heating units, to correct the adjustment of the cutting depth of the milling units, and/or the heating power of the heating units, if necessary.

Figure 13 shows in detail the device for suction and storage of chips during milling operation. The rear of the milling wagon has a chip container 90. A rolling mat 91 is arranged in the bottom of the container 90. Behind each of the 24.24' mills is a 32.32' suction nozzle connected to a suction pipe 92 which leads into a separator device 93. A fan 94, fixed to the wagon, causes the suction of the chips that fall into the device 93. This device 93 is driven by 95 rotating blades which prevent the chips from accumulating inside the device and facilitate their evacuation to the container 90 and their distribution to the municipalities.

Figure 14 shows the process of unloading the chips. With the re-wiring plant at a standstill, a dump truck 96 comes to a stop near the plant. Pipe 92 is disconnected from the tip connecting the 32.32' suction nozzles and connected to the outlet of a discharge tank 97 located below container 90 into which the tread 91 is discharged.

A pivot 98 hydraulic crane mounted on the milling wagon allows the separator 93 to be moved over the dump truck 96. The fan 94 then causes the chips that have fallen into the dump tank 97 to be sucked into the separator 93 which discharges them into the dump truck. In an unillustrated variant, the suction of the chips can be replaced by a device such as a magnetic drum that allows the chips to be retrieved by magnetic attraction.

The rewiring plant as described has a milling car at the front, a power car at the centre and a milling and polishing car at the rails. Of course these operations can be dissociated if, for example, the working speeds are not the same for the different operations.

Claims (14)

1. An installation for reprofiling at least one track on a railway line, including a milling device (13,14) mounted under a railway carriage (3) and movable relatively thereto, through the use of means for lifting and applying (4,5,6) against the track, characterized in that it includes at least one unit for heating (15,16,31) the track located in front of the milling device (13,14).
2. An installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the unit for heating (31) the track consists in a high frequency induction device.
3. An installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating unit (31) consists of a laser beam heating device.
4. An installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating unit (15,16) is connected to the underframe of the carraige by lifting means.
5. An installation according to one of the preceding claims, charcterized in that it includes a track cooling unit guided along the track, located behing the miling device and connected (17) to the underframe of the railway carriage by lifting means (70).
6. An installation according to claim 5, characterized in that the cooling unit (17) includes a frame (71) provided with an inlet orifice (76) and an outlet orifice (77) enabling the circulation of a cooling fluid; in that baffles (75) are arranged inside the frame so as to cause a turbulent flow of the cooling fluid.
7. An installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the milling device has at least two milling units (13,14) including each one at least one milling cutter driven in rotation by a motor; in that each milling unit is carried by a support movable vertically with respect to a frame (8,9) guided along the track; in that the two frames are of differing lengths and linked together along an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the track; in that these frames (8,9) are connected to the underframe of the carriage by means for lifting and application (4,5,6) against the track.
8. An installation according to claim 7, characterized in that the milling units are carried by a support (22,22') mounted slidably and vertically on the frame and in that means (25) are provided for controlling the position of this support with respect to the frame and therefore with respect fo the track.
9. An installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the milling units are carried by a support (44) pivoting on the frame about an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the track and in that this support is connected to a jack (49) controlling the angular position of the support with respect to the frame.
10. An installation according to claim 3, characterized in that the milling unit is mounted pivotally on its support (44) about an axis located in a vertical plane extending along an axis parallel to a longitudinal axis of the track.
11. An installation acccording to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frames (8,9) rest upon the track through bearing and guiding devices (10,11,12) provided with bearing rollers (18) or shoes (19) in contact with the running surface of the track and guiding shoes of rollers which bear upon the inner lateral face of the track.
12. An installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frames (8,9) carrying the milling units associated with each one of the rails are connected by means of jacks (26) which make it possible to adjust the spacing of these frames.
13. An installation according to one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the heating units (31) are mounted beneath the frames (8,9) of the milling device.
14. An installation according to one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the heating units (31) are mounted on the support (22) of the milling units.