GB874232A - Process for the wet treatment of textile materials - Google Patents

Abstract

<FORM:0874232/IV(c)/1> Textile materials after wet-treatment, particularly in processes involving diffusion or migration or chemical reaction of dissolved or dispersed particles, e.g. dyeing, bleaching or anti-shrinking, are passed successively through a fluidized bed of solid particles of 10-90 mesh (1600-160 microns) at from 120 DEG -170 DEG C. for at most 5 secs., preferably 1-3 secs., and then through a gas-treatment chamber at from 80 DEG -105 DEG C., for from 10-60 secs. The wetting liquor for the textile material may consist of a dye solution or dispersion with or without assisting chemicals, or or scouring agents, e.g. alkalis, with or without detergents, e.g. soap or synthetic detergents, or of oxidizing agents, e.g. peroxides, hypochlorites or chlorites, with or without assisting chemicals, or of cross-bonding agents, e.g. formaldehyde, glyoxal or amine-aldehyde types of resin precondensates, and the moisture content of the material may be 100-150% of its dry weight on entering the fluidized bed, and at least 30% of its dry weight on leaving the bed. The fluidized bed desirably consists of discrete solid particles of sand, porcelain beads or glass beads resting as shown on a distributer plate 9 for uniform distribution of the fluidizing medium, which may be air or steam. As shown, the fluidized bed chamber 4 may comprise a vertical column abruptly expanded at the top, preferably to at least twice the cross-section of the lower portion of the column. The textile material 2 is wetted with the dyeing or other treatment liquor in the bath 1, excess liquor is removed by nipping rollers 3, and it is then passed round a series of guide rollers 6, 7 within and above the fluidized bed, any bed particles sticking to the material being removed by a pair of rotating brushes 8 inside the bed chamber. The material then passes to the gastreatment chamber 10 and is removed therefrom by rollers 13 to the collecting device 14. The chamber 4 is heated by the jacket 5, the heating medium, e.g. hot air or steam, passing from 5 to the jacket 11 of the gas-treatment chamber 10, and finally entering this chamber at the bottom. Examples describe the dyeing of cotton and viscose rayon goods, the bleaching of cotton and the shrink-proofing of woollen fabrics. Specifications 773,598, 800,091 and 814,526 are referred