GB2359995A - Porous body probe electrode utilising an isotonic solution - Google Patents
Porous body probe electrode utilising an isotonic solution Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2359995A GB2359995A GB0005544A GB0005544A GB2359995A GB 2359995 A GB2359995 A GB 2359995A GB 0005544 A GB0005544 A GB 0005544A GB 0005544 A GB0005544 A GB 0005544A GB 2359995 A GB2359995 A GB 2359995A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- porous
- human
- probe electrode
- body probe
- tip
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000644 isotonic solution Substances 0.000 title claims 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002847 impedance measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001342 Bakelite® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000003423 ankle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004637 bakelite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003371 toe Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000707 wrist Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
- A61B5/6828—Leg
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
- A61B5/251—Means for maintaining electrode contact with the body
- A61B5/256—Wearable electrodes, e.g. having straps or bands
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
- A61B5/263—Bioelectric electrodes therefor characterised by the electrode materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/0404—Electrodes for external use
- A61N1/0472—Structure-related aspects
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
- A61B5/6824—Arm or wrist
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
Abstract
A porous body probe electrode having a porous tip 10 for making contact with the human or animal body which is gravity fed by an isotonic saline solution contained in a plastic tube 11 to which electrical connection is made 14-20 (inclusive) for making in conjunction with sensitive electrical measuring instruments accurate electrical measurements of AC and DC skin potentials of the human or animal body and resistance or impedance measurements between points on the human or animal body and the currents produced by such electrical potentials and of making a good electrical connection between any part of the human or animal body and earth and for effectively applying any external voltage to any part of the human or animal body. The probe may be strapped to a patient or designed to receive a finger or a toe.
Description
POROUS BODY PROBE ELECTRODES 2359995 This invention relates to Porous Body
Probe Electrodes suitable for use on the skin of a human or animal body.
(1) The measurement of (A) small DC or AC voltages between points on the skin of a human or animal body and (B) electrical resistance or impedance between such pc;lnts and (C) small currents flowing as a result of the potential differences arising naturally between certain points and other points on the human or animal body and (D) currents passing between such points as a result of the application of small external voltages being applied to such points and (2) (i) The effective application of extemal voltages to points on the human or animal body or (ii) the effective earthing of the human or animal body by an electrode in contact with part of the skin of that body and earth; are all made difficult and imprecise by variations in the oily substances and variable moisture levels on the surface of the skin which differ from individual to individual and are affected by ambient humidity and temperature levels and the amount of external pressure applied to the electrode, vAth the result that good reliable electrical contact is not achieved by conventional metal electrodes.
According to the present invention there is provided a porous electrode tip which makes direct contact with a small area of the skin and is fed with an isotonic saline solution which is contained in a resevoir above it and gravity fed into it. Electrical connection is made either directly to the said porous electrode tip by means of a metal contact and insulated connecting wire or by connecting such wire to a metal scirm immersed in the said isotonic saline solution or in an absorbent pad in contact with the said solution.
The porous body probe electrodes can also be used for applying external voltages to the skin of the human or animal body more effectively.
A single porous body probe can also be used for earthing any part of the human or animal body effectively.
Specific embodiments of this invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying dravAngs in Mich:
Figure 1 shows a porous body probe in a form suitable for holding by hand and resting upon the skin by its own meight.
Figure 2 shows a similar porous body probe electrode which can be strapped to a wrist, ankle, arm, leg or head or around any other part of the human or animal body.
-2Figure 3 shows a porous body probe electrode into which the fingers or toes can be inserted.
Referring to Figure 1. This porous body probe electrode comprises a porous tip fabricated from Beer Stone or a suitable grade of Soap Stone, Limestone, Gypstone, Ancaster Stone or other porous quarried stone 10 which is sealed into a plastc tube 11 fabricated from a material having good electrical insulation properties such as Acrylic, Poly Carbonate, Polythene, Alcathene, Bakelite, Rubber or other suitable material and provided with a rubber cork 12 having a vertical air vent in the same 13. The metal bolt 14 is passed through a hole drilled in the said plastic tube and is held in place by a metal nut 15 and tightened on rubber washes 16 and 17 and a piece of absorbant cotton wool 18 is inserted round the said bolt inside the said tube. A solder tag 19 is placed under the head of the said bolt and this is wired to an insulated connecting lead 20. The tube is then filled with the isotonic saline solution 21 and a rubber cap 22 is fitted over the porous tip when not in use to prevent evaporation of the said solution.
Referring to Figure 2. This porous body probe electrode is a shortened version of Figure 1, but it is supported over the body by an elastic strap 23 and made adjustable by webbing 24 attached to the said elastic and secured by a snap buckle 25.
Referring to Figure 3. This porous body probe electrode comprises a plastic pot 26 into the base of which is inserted a metal terminal 27 and a chamferred circular porous disc 28 placed into and sealed into the pot so that it makes a good electrical connection with 27 and the other end of 27 is wired to an insulated connecting lead 29. Isotonic Saline Solution 30 is then poured into the said pot so that it just covers 28. A cap 31 makes an air fight fit over the top of 26 when not in use to prevent evaporation of the said solution.
Claims (1)
- CLAIMS (1) A porous body probe electrode comprising a porous tip formaking contact with human or animal skin which said porous tip is fed with isotonic saline solution and having means of making a good electrical connection between the said porous tip and an external insulated wire for connection to sensitive electrical measuring instruments.(2) A porous body probe electrode as claimed in Claim (1) which is so shaped as to be suitable for holding in the hand and resting by its own might on the human or animal skin.(3) A porous body probe electrode as claimed in Claim (1) which is so shaped as to be suitable for attaching to the human or animal body or part thereof by an adjustable elastic or webbing strap and buckle so that the said electrode is kept at a constant pressure on the skin.(4) A porous body probe electrode as claimed in Claim (1) the chamferred porous disc part of which is so shaped as to fit into the bottom of a plastic pot onto a metal terminal connected to an insulated wire for connection to sensitive electrical measuring instruments and the plastic pot of which is suitable for accommodating a finger or toe of the human body and which said porous disc is kept moist by the pouring of isotonic saline solution into the plastic pot.(5) A porous body probe electrode substantially as described herein with reference to Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings.Amendments to the claims have been filed as follows i CLAIMS (1) A porous stone body probe electrode comprising a porous tip for making contact VAth human or animal skin which said porous stone tip is fed with isotonic solution and having means of making a good electrical connection between the said porous stone tip and an exterrigi insulated wire for connection to sensitive electrical measuring instruments.(2) A porous stone body probe electrode as claimed in Claim (1) which is so shaped as to be suitable for holding in the hand and resting by its own weight on the human or animal skin.(3) A porous stone body probe electrode as claimed in Claim (1) which is so shaped as to be suitable for attaching to the human or animal body or part thereof by an adjustable elastic or webbing strap and buckle so that the said electrode is kept at a constant pressure on the skin.!,, (4) A porous stone body probe electrode as claimed in Claim (1) the chamferred porous stone disc part of which is so shaped as to fit into the bottom of a plastic pot onto a metal terminal connected to an insulated Wre for connection to sensitive electrical measuring instruments and the plastic pot of which is suitable for accommodating a finger or toe of the human body and which said porous stone disc is kept moist by the pouring of isotonic saline solution into the plastic pot.(5) A porous stone body probe electrode substantially as described herein with reference toN, Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings.1
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0005544A GB2359995B (en) | 2000-03-09 | 2000-03-09 | Porous body probe electrodes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0005544A GB2359995B (en) | 2000-03-09 | 2000-03-09 | Porous body probe electrodes |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0005544D0 GB0005544D0 (en) | 2000-04-26 |
| GB2359995A true GB2359995A (en) | 2001-09-12 |
| GB2359995B GB2359995B (en) | 2002-02-13 |
Family
ID=9887182
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0005544A Expired - Fee Related GB2359995B (en) | 2000-03-09 | 2000-03-09 | Porous body probe electrodes |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2359995B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7532921B2 (en) | 2002-08-21 | 2009-05-12 | Ruediger Eichler | Measuring electrode system |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3580239A (en) * | 1969-10-03 | 1971-05-25 | Beckman Instruments Inc | Method and apparatus for in vivo potentiometeric measurements |
| US3788317A (en) * | 1972-01-12 | 1974-01-29 | Pelam Inc | Porous absorbent pad electrode for use with an electrocardiograph instrument or the like |
| GB1363389A (en) * | 1972-05-01 | 1974-08-14 | Bme Corp | Biomedical electrode |
| EP0020288A1 (en) * | 1979-05-25 | 1980-12-10 | BIOTRONIK Mess- und Therapiegeräte GmbH & Co Ingenieurbüro Berlin | Jelly electrode adapted to collect bio-electric signals |
| US5071537A (en) * | 1986-07-10 | 1991-12-10 | Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha | Reference electrode |
-
2000
- 2000-03-09 GB GB0005544A patent/GB2359995B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3580239A (en) * | 1969-10-03 | 1971-05-25 | Beckman Instruments Inc | Method and apparatus for in vivo potentiometeric measurements |
| US3788317A (en) * | 1972-01-12 | 1974-01-29 | Pelam Inc | Porous absorbent pad electrode for use with an electrocardiograph instrument or the like |
| GB1363389A (en) * | 1972-05-01 | 1974-08-14 | Bme Corp | Biomedical electrode |
| EP0020288A1 (en) * | 1979-05-25 | 1980-12-10 | BIOTRONIK Mess- und Therapiegeräte GmbH & Co Ingenieurbüro Berlin | Jelly electrode adapted to collect bio-electric signals |
| US5071537A (en) * | 1986-07-10 | 1991-12-10 | Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha | Reference electrode |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7532921B2 (en) | 2002-08-21 | 2009-05-12 | Ruediger Eichler | Measuring electrode system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0005544D0 (en) | 2000-04-26 |
| GB2359995B (en) | 2002-02-13 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20120309 |