GB2348493A - Heating analytical samples held in a microtiter plate - Google Patents
Heating analytical samples held in a microtiter plate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2348493A GB2348493A GB0003773A GB0003773A GB2348493A GB 2348493 A GB2348493 A GB 2348493A GB 0003773 A GB0003773 A GB 0003773A GB 0003773 A GB0003773 A GB 0003773A GB 2348493 A GB2348493 A GB 2348493A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- analytical
- plate
- multiwell
- temperature
- heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title abstract description 35
- 239000000538 analytical sample Substances 0.000 title description 47
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 35
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- OBRMNDMBJQTZHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N cresol red Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(C)=CC(C2(C3=CC=CC=C3S(=O)(=O)O2)C=2C=C(C)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 OBRMNDMBJQTZHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013039 cover film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003891 environmental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015250 liver sausages Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010512 thermal transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L7/00—Heating or cooling apparatus; Heat insulating devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/44—Sample treatment involving radiation, e.g. heat
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
- G01N35/028—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations having reaction cells in the form of microtitration plates
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Optical Measuring Cells (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
Abstract
Samples held in a microtiter plate are heated by exposing the plate to infrared radiation. Typically a source 7 of ir radiation is disposed above or below the plate 1. Optionally the heated plate is then transferred along a rail 6 from the area 3 containing the ir heating source 7 to a temperature controlled space 4 where the plate is held at a constant temperature.
Description
2348493 Method and device for controlling the temperature of analytical
samples in multiwell analytical plates The invention relates to a method for controlling the temperature of analytical samples in multiwell analytical plates.
Use is made of multiwell analytical plates, ---oi: example microtiter plates, with their advantages of miniaturization and, consequently, saving of reagents, automation, etc, in virtually all regions of biochemistry, biotechnology and pharmaceutical research and in medical, chemical and environmental analysis.
Investigations, in particular kinetic ones, with temperature control are virtually absent from this application. The technical solutions so far used to control the temperature of multiwell analytical plates use the transmission of thermal energy, which is produced in heating elements, by conduction or convection to the analytical sample. Although virtually all manufacturers of reader photometers offer equipment with temperature control units which are either incorporated or can optionally be heated, these are scarcely used in practice. Since heated air frequently performs the temperature control, many applications require unacceptably long heating-up periods to reach the desired temperature. Moreover, substantial inhomogeneities occur over the surface of the multiwell analytical plate during heating of the analytical samples locate therein.
In order to reduce inhomogeneities in the temperature distribution, in particular in the edge zones of the multiwell analytical plate, DE 3 214 317 proposes a solution which interrupts the injection-- molded edges of the multiwell analytical plate and thus avoids the known edge effects. This does not affect the unacceptably long time up to reaching the desired temperature.
DE 3 441 179 proposes a heat transfer. member which is slidingly arranged on a temperature setting plate and thus transports the temperature into the interior of the liquid Analytical sample of the plastic plate. The method appears to be of little practical use because of the relatively long paths of the thermal flux and the plurality of heat transfer zones of the temperature setting plate with two-dimensional thermal contact, via'the heat transfer member, via the plastic lO wall of the individual vessel up to the temperature control of the analytical sample -in the interior of the individual vessels of the multiwell analytical plate.
DE 3 941 168 proposes plate-shaped heat transfer members with projections which for their part are temperature controlled. The result is a solution which ' although capable in principle of use for many applications of the multiwell analytical plate, basically has the same temperature control problems with the already described long paths of the thermal f lux and with the heat tran f er zones up to the analytical sample in the individual vessels.
Solutions are also known (DE 4 217 868) which improve the heat transfer rate and the temperature homogeneity in the multiwell. analytical plate by using a member which is inherently capable of temperaturp control to hold the individual vessels of the multiwell -ures of defined analytical plate having heating struct, configuration. DE 195 01 298 provides a device for pressing the individual vessels into said member in a self-closed fashion, thus ensuring good heat transfer.
However, these solutions have the disadvantage of requiring a temperature control member which is relatively complicated to produce and thus costintensive, the use being restricted in each case to a special design of multiwell. analytical plates in combination with the associated temperature control member of this defined heating structure. Moreover, as before there are said long paths of the thermal flux from metal via plastic up to the analytical sample.
3 It is therefore the object of the inveqion to heat the analytical sample located in the multiwell analytical plate to a desired temperature independently of the size, shape and nature of the multiwell analytical plate as quickly as possible, with low outlay and, above all, in a fashion distributed uniformly over the multiwell analytical plate.
According to the present invention there is provided a device and a method for controlling the temperatures of analytical samples as set out in the independent claims.
Some optional features are set out in the claims dependent thereto.
According to one embodiment, the absorption of infrared radiation directly heats the analytical sample without the need to overcome thermal conduction barriers.
The analytical sample, which in practice comprises aqueous solutions with layer thicknesses in the range of 0.5 to 10 mm, absorbs the infrared radiation, which preferably originates from an infrared source with a temperature in the range of 100-1000"C' virtua'Lly completely, and thus converts it directly into heat for the purpose of controlling its temperatu-re.
In order to achieve homogeneity in the temperature distribution, either the entire multiwell analytical 215 plate with all the individual vessels is irradiated simultaneously, or the infrared radiation respectively detects only a portion of the individual vessels (for example by row or column), the multiwell analytical plate moving relative to the infrared beam. The infrared radiator can be arranged above or below the microtiter plate.
For some applications, a plurality of infrared radiators is used to heat the sample to be temperature controlled both from below and from above.
- Advantageous embodiments of the method features and device features from the main claims are named in subclaims 2 and 8 and 10 to 27.
The temperature omogeneity of the analytic. al sample located in the individual vessels can additionally be increased by holding the multiwell analytical plate with the individual vessels in a block (metal block) which is a. good conductor of heat, or 1 mounting it in close thermal contact on such a block (or on a metal plate).
it is also advantageous, in particular, to provide means, for example a moving carriage, which hold the multiweli. analytical plate and move it into the radiating area of the infrared radiation source and, if appropriate, move it in said area, and transport it out from there again for further treatment after heating.
Temperature gradients inside the analytical sample in the individual vessels of the multiwell analytical plate can advantageously be counteracted by intermittent mixing with the aid of shakers known per se.
An obje is to heat the analytical sample located in the multiwell analytical plate to a desired temperature independently of the size, shape and nature of the ,t multiwell analytical plate without additional design outlay with regard to thermal transition zones as quickly as possible, with low outlay and, above all, in a fashion distributed uniformly over the multiwell analytical plate. In this case, it is possible to use as initial material an analytical sample in the solid state which is defrosted in the process of temperature control.
The present invention may be carried out in several ways, and an exemplary embodiment is now described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 shows a device for transporting a multiwave analytical plate through a heating space with IR irradiation to a temperature control space, 3 0 Figure 2 shows a multiwell analytical plate with a cover f oil and metal block for holding the individual vessels, Figure 3 shows the heating time for heating water to a mean desired temperature of 370C, starting from an initial temperature of 24.2"C in a single vessel of the multiwell analytical plate.
' -.(49 Figure 4 shows a time-depenoent temperature i If prof ile in the multiwell analytical plate in the case of IR irradiation of a cresol red/tris solution without an additionally homogenizing metal block. and Figure 5 shows a time-dependent temperature profile in the multiwell analytical plate in the case of IR irradiation of a cresol red/tris solution with an additionally homogenizing metal block.
Figure 1 showsin plan -view and side view a device which can transport a multiwei-1 analytical plate 1, which in a known wa v. essels 2.
y has individual arranged in rows and column of an 8 x 12 matrix, for holding analytical samples, into a heating space 3 for 1 the purpose of heating by infrared (M) radiation, and subsequently out of said heating space into a temperature control space 4 in order to obtain a constant temperature. For this transportation, the multiwell analytical plate 1 is located on a carriage 5 which slides or rolls _on transportation rails 6 which lead through the heating space 3 into the trature control space 4.
The multiwell analytical plate 1 firstly passes on its transportation path into the heating space 3. in which the analytical s"le located in the individual vessels 2 of the multiwell analytical plate 1 is heated frc= an initial temperature to a desired temperature.
For this purpose. a planar infrared radiator 7 is irradiates the multiw ell analytical plate 1 from above over the entire surface area of the individual vessels 2 so that the analytical sample is heated in the individual vessels 2 in a fashion distributed homogeneously over the multiwell analytical Plate 1.
This heating is performed directly in the analytical sample, which in practice is an aqueous solution with a layer thickness of 0. 5 to 10 ma, and absorbs the incident infrared radiation virtually completely and thus converts it into heat. In this way, the analytical sample is brought to the desired temperature very quickly and with a relatively low outlay and relatively low energy losses. The power den ity of the IR radiation is a function_ of the wavelength. Selection of the surface temperature of the infrared radiator 7 is $uch that as large as-possible a portion of the radient power lies in a wavelength region which the analytical sample absorbs. As a rule, this temperature lies in the range of 100-10000c. Should infrared radiation irradiate the multiwell analytical plate 1 with the analytical sample in--- the individual vessels 2 (differently from the way in which they are represented in Figure 1), from above or_ from below and above. it is necessary during the heating to take account of the transmission of the material of the multiwell- q analytical plate 1, that is to say of the wall of the individual vessels 2. Polystyrene has_ proved itself in this case as wall material.
in order to be able to control this heating specifically, there is a control stage 8 for the infrared radiator 7 to which one or more thermosensors (Figure 1 shows a thermosensor 9 directly on the infrared radiator 7) are connected. Moreover, it is possible to connect further thermosensors also located, In particular, directly on the multiwell analytical pi^te 1 (Figure 1 indicates a thermosensor 10) to the input of this control stage 8.
After the preselected desired temperature is reached, the carriage 5 transports the heated multiwell IS' amalytical pate 1 out of the heating space 3 into the temperature control space 4, in which the multiwell analytical plate 1 is temperature controlled further in a dIfferent way, for example by thermal convection or thermal conduction, and thus held at the desired temporature with an acceptable outlay.
in order to avoid temperature gradients inside the analytical sample in the individual vessels 2 of the multiwell analytical plate 1, a shaking device.15 (see Figure 1) which is known per se moves the analytical saimple and intermittently mixes it.
In Figure 1, a plate 11, for example a glass ceramic plate, largely transparent to the infrared radiation, is arranged in the heating space 3 between the infrared radiator 7 and the multiwell analytical plate 1 transported therebelow, On Che one hand, for protective purposes this plate 11 spatially separates the region in which the rnultiwell analytical plate 1 is located from the electric potential. of the infrared radiator 7; on the other hand, it prevents any possible unilateral cooling of the infrared radiator, 7, in particular caused by air movements. Moreover, the plate 11 can be used to absorb radiation in the near infrared, thus suppressing interfering effects of 9 f luorescence and luminescence which can occur in the multiwell analytical plates (sic) 1.
In order to increase the homogeneity of the heating of the analytical sample located in the individual vessels 2 arranged in the form of a matrix over the entire multiwell analytical plate 1, a metal block 12 which is a good conductor of heat holds the multiwell analytical plate 1 and effects good thermal contact between the individual vessels 2 for the purpose of trature exchange.
Figure 2 shows both the multiwell analytical plate 1 in plan view and the latter in side view separated and united with the metal block 12. The metal block 12 has continuous bores 13 for holding the individual vessels 2 in a self-closed fashion. Thermal conduction between the individual vessels 2 via the metal block 12 equalizes differences in the heating o,f 'the analytical sample distributed over the multiwell analytical plate 1. A sufficiently good thermal contact between the individual vessels 2 could in principle also be achieved by not holding the multiwell analytical plate 1 by a block (such as the metal block 12) but merely resting it on a metal plate (not represented).
In order to protect the analytical sample in the individual vessels 2, in particular against evaporation. against transportation losses and against contamination, a cover film 14, for example an adhesive film, is fitted on the multiwell analytical plate 1 in Figure 2. This cover foil is largely transparent to the infrared radiation used.
Figure 3 shows ' thedependence of the heating time for the multiwell analytical plate 1 on the radiant energy expended. Starting from an ambient temperature of 24.211C, the infrared radiator 7 is used to heat to a mean desired temperatUre of 370C an aqueous solution of an analytical sample in the individual vessels 2, arranged in the 8 x 12 matrix of the multiwell analytical plate 1, with in each' case a volume of 250 pl per individual vessel 2. The infrared radiator 7 is arranged in this case over the multiwell' analytical plate I and projects beyond the latter with its surface in every direction. The distance between the multiwell Analytical plate 1 and the infrared radiator 7 is 22 mm. The diagram shows the heating time in s for this heating as a function of the radiant power of the infrared radiator 7. In the case of a power consumption of the radiator of 468 W. the desired temperature of 370C is already reached after 11 s.
other heating methods, particularly those- based on thermal conduction, require a comparatively substantially longer time for such a heating operation. In the selected geometry of the qrrangement, of the infrared radiator 7 and the multiwell: analytical plate 1, the heating time otherwise remained virtually independent of the distance for a distance range of 22-56 mm.
Figure 4 represents. schematically the temperature profile in a multiwell analytical plate 1 for the time cycles 0:58, 3:38, 4:14 and 4:49 minutes after an irradiation period below a radiator at a distance of 20 nm. For test purposes, the analytical sample ' in the 8 x 12 individual vessels 2 of the multiwell analytical plate 1 is a cresol red solution, for example, which is known per Be from DE 41 30 584 Al, has a temperature-dependent absorbance and serves as optical thermometer". The cresol red solution is heated from an initial temperature of 22.20C to a desired temperature of, once again, 36.70C.
After the heating of the cresol red solution with a power of 453 W f or a time of 50 s, the muitiwell' analytical plate 1 was immediately multiply measured in an absorbance -measuring preheated reader known per se.
The temperatures reached are to be gathered as the mean temperature from Figure 4. The standard deviations of the measured temperatures are represented at the outer edges of the respective temperature profiles, which are assigned to said four time cycles. As is to be seen f rom the f igure, a homogeneity of the temperature distribution which suffices for many analytical applications is already reached af ter a short time.
For comparative purposes (see Figure 5), the analytical sample was heated under comparable conditions and evaluated, although in this case the metal block 12 (see Figure 2) held the multiwell, analytical plate 1 f or the purpose of improving the homogeneity of the temperature increase. Although the locally differing power density of the infrared radiator 7 initially leads in turn to temperature differences, that is to say to differently heated areas of the multiwell analytical plate 1, thermal conduction starts immediately via the metal block 12, which substantially lowers the temperature scatter. It is noteworthy that even at the start of the measurement (cycle 1 in Figure 5) there is a much lower temperature scatter by comparison with heating without a homogenizing metal block 12 (cycles 3 and 4 in Figure 4). The heating time required increases in conjunction with the same heating power and, without the homogenizing metal block 12, is only 14 s, and with the latter 60 s.
A suitable surface configuration (color, roughness), in particular, can influence the power consumption of the homogenizing metal block 12 such that said block heats up approximately just as fast the analytical sample in the individual vessels 2 of the multiwell analytical plate 1. This condition reduces thermal conduction from the individual vessels 2 to the homogenizing metal block 12, with the result that it is possible once again to achieve the heating time of 14 s specif ied above.
- i 21 List of reference numerals employed 1 Multiwell analytical plate 2 Individual vessel 3 Heating space 4 Temperature control space Carriage 6 Transportation rail 7 Infrared radiator 8 Control stage 91 10 Thermosensor 11 - Plate 12 - Metal block 13 - Bore 14 - Cover film is Shaking device 1 1. claims - 1. A method f or controlling the temperature of analytical samples in multiweil analytical plates, comprising controlling the temperature of the analytical sample located in individual vessels of the multiwell analytical plate, comprising exposing the Multiwell analytical plate with the analytical sample to infrared radiation.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, comprising:L 0 irradiating simultaneously over the entire area of the surface of the individual vessels ' the multiwell analytical plate with the analytical sample absorbing infrared radiation.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, comprising irradiating sequentially over -subareas of, the surface of the individual vessels the muitiwelr: analytical plate with the analytical sample absorbing infrared 4. The method as claimed in claim 1. wherein the 20 mujtiwe'1'1' analytical plate with the analytical sample absorbing infrared radiation moves relative to the infrared radiation during the irradiation.
S. The method as.,claimed in claim 1, comprising exposing. the multiwell analytical plate with the analytical sample absorbing infrared radiation: to the infrared radiation until it reaches a desired temperature, after which it is temper4ture controlled further in a different way.
6. - The method as claimed in claim 1, comprising measuring the temperature of the analyticalsample heated by the infrared radiation and, if appropriate, comparing with a desired temperature.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the multiwell analytical plate with the analytical sample moves, preferably. through shaking or vibrating, in order to decrease- temperature gradients in the Analytical sample.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the analytical sample absorbing infrared radiation is 1 Lk present primarily in the solid state and the infrared radiation defrosts it.
9. A device for controlling the temperature of analytical samples in multiwell analytical plates, having a radiative heating source, wherein the radiative heating source is an infrared radiation source (7) arranged above or below the multiwell analytical plate (1).
10. The device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the 10 infrared radiation source (7) has a surface temperature of between 1000C and 10000C.
11. The device as claimed in claim.9, wherein the infrared radiation source (7) exhibits two-dimensional emission.
12.. The device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the infrared radiation source (7) has a radiating area, the design of. which is at least as large as the surface area which the individual vessels (2) of the multiwell analytical plate (1) occupy.
13. The device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the infrared radiation source (7) has a radiating area, the design of which is at least as large a line or row of the individual vessels (2) of the multiwell analytical plate (1), which are arranged in a matrix.
14. The device as claimed in claim 9, wherein there are means (5) which hold the multiwell analytical plate (1) and transport it into the radiating area of the infrared radiation source (7).
JR. The device as claimed in claim 14, wherein the 30 means comprise a movable carriage (5).
16. The device as claimed in claim 14, wherein the design of the means (5) is such that the multiwell. analytical plate (1) moves during irradiation in the radiating area of the infrared radiation source (7).
17. The device as claimed in claim 14, wherein the design of the means (5) is such that after the infrared irradiation the multiwell analytical plate (1) is transported out of the area of the infrared radiation source (7) into a space (4) for further temperature V control, in particular for maintaining a constant temperature.
18. The device as claimed in claim 14, wherein the means (5) have a metal block (12) with depressions (13) for holding the individual vessels (2) of the multiwell analytical plate (1) in a fashion which is self-closed and conducts heat well.
19. The device as claimed in claim 18, wherein the depressions comprise continuous bores (13).
20. The device as claimed in claim 14. wherein the means (5) include a metal plate for supporting the multiwell analytical plate (1) in -a f ashion which conducts heat well- 21. The device as claimed in claim 14, wherein the 15 means (5) are a component of a program- control led transportation system.
22. The device as claimed in claim 9, comprising providing at least one temperature sensor (10), which makes good thermal contact with the analytical sample, for measuring the temperature of the analytical sample heated by the infrared radiation.
23. The device as claimed in claims 9, 17 and 22, comprising arranging the at least one temperature sensor directly on the metal block (12) for holding the individual vessels. (2) of the multiwell analytical plate (1) in a fashion which conducts heat well.
24. The device as claimed in claim 9, wherein a cover (14), located on the multiwell analytical plate (1) if appropriate, ofthe individual vessels (2) is at least partially and largely transparent to the radiation of the infrared radiation source (7).
25. The device as claimed in claim 9, comprising arranging a plate (11) which is largely transparent to the infrared radiation [sic] between the infrared radiation source (7) and the multiwell analytical plate (1) - 26. The device as claimed in claim 9, wherein there are means (15) which move the multiwell analytical plate. (1) with the analytical sample during the Is.
Infrared irradiation in order to reduce temperature gradients in the analytical sample for the purpose of thoroughly mixing it.
27. The device as claimed in claim 26, wherein the means comprise a shaking device (15).
28. A method for controlling the temperature of analytical samples substantially as specifically described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.
29. A device for controlling the temperature of analytical samples as specifically described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1999108745 DE19908745A1 (en) | 1999-02-22 | 1999-02-22 | Tempering increased temperatures caused by light or convection in analysis in multiwell analysis plates, especially microtitration plates, and apparatus for the method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0003773D0 GB0003773D0 (en) | 2000-04-05 |
| GB2348493A true GB2348493A (en) | 2000-10-04 |
Family
ID=7899220
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0003773A Withdrawn GB2348493A (en) | 1999-02-22 | 2000-02-17 | Heating analytical samples held in a microtiter plate |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE19908745A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2348493A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3780825B2 (en) * | 2000-06-13 | 2006-05-31 | 株式会社島津製作所 | Automatic temperature controller |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1989009437A1 (en) * | 1988-03-26 | 1989-10-05 | Peter Duncan Goodearl Dean | Reaction temperature control |
| WO1999039005A1 (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 1999-08-05 | University Of Pittsburgh | Rapid thermocycling for sample analysis |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5061448A (en) * | 1988-04-29 | 1991-10-29 | Barnstead Thermolyne Corporation | Incubator |
| DE8813773U1 (en) * | 1988-11-03 | 1989-01-05 | Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften eV, 37073 Göttingen | Device for optionally setting the temperature of a sample to different values |
| DE9205824U1 (en) * | 1992-04-30 | 1992-07-23 | Schulz, Joachim, Dipl.-Ing., O-4300 Quedlinburg | Metal block thermostat with cover |
| DE9403002U1 (en) * | 1994-02-23 | 1995-02-23 | Schneider, Julius, Dr., 82343 Pöcking | Heating device for heating a material sample |
| DE9406227U1 (en) * | 1994-04-14 | 1995-08-31 | Meyer Fa Rud Otto | Temperature change test device |
| DE29505897U1 (en) * | 1995-01-12 | 1995-08-24 | Schulz, Joachim, Dipl.-Ing., 06484 Quedlinburg | Thermal shaker |
| JPH08196299A (en) * | 1995-01-26 | 1996-08-06 | Tosoh Corp | Thermal cycling reactor and reaction vessel used therefor |
| WO1996041864A1 (en) * | 1995-06-13 | 1996-12-27 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Diode laser heated micro-reaction chamber with sample detection means |
| GB9618595D0 (en) * | 1996-09-06 | 1996-10-16 | Central Research Lab Ltd | Reaction cell |
| DE29706031U1 (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 1997-08-21 | Schulz, Joachim, Dipl.-Ing., 06502 Thale | Device for tempering and shaking samples in sample vessels |
-
1999
- 1999-02-22 DE DE1999108745 patent/DE19908745A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-02-17 GB GB0003773A patent/GB2348493A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1989009437A1 (en) * | 1988-03-26 | 1989-10-05 | Peter Duncan Goodearl Dean | Reaction temperature control |
| WO1999039005A1 (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 1999-08-05 | University Of Pittsburgh | Rapid thermocycling for sample analysis |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19908745A1 (en) | 2000-08-24 |
| GB0003773D0 (en) | 2000-04-05 |
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