GB2232598A - Moulding a prosthetic or orthotic component - Google Patents
Moulding a prosthetic or orthotic component Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2232598A GB2232598A GB8913113A GB8913113A GB2232598A GB 2232598 A GB2232598 A GB 2232598A GB 8913113 A GB8913113 A GB 8913113A GB 8913113 A GB8913113 A GB 8913113A GB 2232598 A GB2232598 A GB 2232598A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- load
- container
- surface portion
- foot
- virtue
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 2
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011507 gypsum plaster Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 206010024229 Leprosy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000002266 amputation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
- A61F2/5044—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2/5046—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
- A61F2/78—Means for protecting prostheses or for attaching them to the body, e.g. bandages, harnesses, straps, or stockings for the limb stump
- A61F2/80—Sockets, e.g. of suction type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C43/021—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles characterised by the shape of the surface
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
- A61F2/5044—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2/5046—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
- A61F2002/5053—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques using a positive or a negative model, e.g. casting model or mould
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
Abstract
A sealed container 10 is closed by a flexible diaphragm 13 and filled with a fluid. When a painful or sensitive foot 16 or a body stump (17, Fig 3) bears on the diaphragm a substantially uniform pressure is applied to the underside of the foot. An item or a mould of an item of footwear or a prosthetic device is shaped to match the shape of the thus pressurised foot surface by trapping a material between the foot and the diaphragm which material is initially easily deformable but which then hardens. The material may comprise plaster of Paris for making a mould, or a hot sheet of polyethylene foam for making an instep. A cast made by the process may be used to press a sheet of heated plastic upon the diaphragm, to mould an insole. <IMAGE>
Description
A PROSTHETIC OR ORTHOTIC COMPONENT
This invention relates to apparatus and methods of making a prosthetic or orthotic component and to a prosthetic or orthotic component made thereby. The invention is applicable particularly to prosthetic and orthotic components which, in use abut or are subject to load from a surface portion of an animal body. The animal is particularly, but not exclusively a human being.
Various of said surface portions are required to transmit loads onto a prosthetic or orthotic component and said surface portions may be painful or damaged if the transmitted load is unevenly distributed on the surface portion or if particular zones of the surface portions are subject to surface pressures higher than a certain limit.
Examples of such sensitive surface portions are the foot of a leprosy or a diabetics patient, or the loadbearing end of a body stump after amputation. The invention is of particular application to the transmisson of loads from the end-bearing stumps after knee disarticulation, hip disarticulation, partial foot and Syms amputation.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided prosthetic or orthotic component making apparatus, said component being adapted to receive load from one of the above-mentioned surface portions, including a sealed container to be filled with suitable free-flowing fluid material, at least a part of the outside wall of the container being flexible, the part being adapted to receive load at realistic levels from said surface portion, whereby said load will be distributed on said surface portion at substantially uniform pressure thereover, by virtue of the uniform hydrostatic pressure generated in the fluid material within the container by the load and by virtue of the flexibility of said part of the container wall.
Preferably, the container wall other than said part is rigid. Said part may be an extensible sheet, such as rubber. Alternatively, said part may be a nonextensible sheet material, such as a cloth-reinforced elastomeric material, mounted with an adequate slackness to avoid substantial distortion of the uniform pressure exerted by the fluid material.
Advantageously, the fluid material is a liquid.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of making a prosthetic or orthotic component, said component being adapted to receive load from one of the above-mentioned surface portions, including the steps of firmly locating a sealed container filled with a suitable free-flowing fluid material, at least a part of the outside wall of the container being flexible, the part being adapted to receive load at realistic levels from said surface portion, whereby said load will be distributed on said surface portion at substantially uniform pressure thereover, by virtue of the uniform hydrostatic pressure generated in the fluid material within the container by the load and by virtue of the flexibility of said part of the container wall, placing on said flexible part of the container wall a quantity of an easily deformed suitable material which is initially soft, applying said surface portion to the easily deformable material with a force of magnitude and direction comparable to that encountered during normal use of said surface portion, sustaining the load until the deformable material has set or hardened and removing the said surface portion therefrom.
Various embodiments of the invention are described, by way of example only. with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a transverse vertical section through one embodiment of the invention, and
Figure 2 is a transverse vertical section through another embodiment of the invention.
In the drawings, a sealed container 10 comprises a rigid base 11 and side walls 12 closed by a flexible diaphragm 13 trapped between a ring 14 and a flange 15 around the walls 12. The ring 14 and flange 15 are conveniently bolted together.
The diaphragm 13 is of an extensible material, such as rubber or maybe of a non-extensible material such as a cloth reinforced elastomer. In the latter case there must be adequate slackness therein.
The container 10 is filled with a suitable fluid material, preferably a suitable liquid which will not cause deterioration of the material in contact therewith. When a load is applied to the diaphragm 13, the hydrostatic pressure rises uniformly throughout the fluid, as shown by the arrows within the container 10.
If the load is applied by a foot 16, as in Figure 1, the surface portion of the foot which is in contact with the diaphragm 13 will be subject to a substantially uniform pressure.
For feet which are painful or subject to damage, such as those of leprosy of diabetes patients, this uniformity of pressure is a desirable property. An approximation to this uniformity of pressure, when footwear is worn, can be achieved if the load-bearing shape of the footwear substantially reproduces the shape of the the surface portion of the foot 16 when the latter is being subject to uniform pressure distribution, as in Figure 1.
One method of taking a cast of that optimum shape is to place a quantity of easily deformable material, such as plaster of paris, on the diaphragm 13, place the foot on the plaster and increase the load on the foot 16 to a realistic magnitude and direction.
The plaster will flow between the foot 16 and the diaphragm 13. When the plaster has set, the foot can be removed and the plaster will reproduce the shape assumed by the foot surface when the latter is subject to the uniform pressure. The plaster cast can be used as a mould in the making of the footwear.
In a similar method, an instep for an item of footwear can be made direct by placing on the diaphragm 13 a hot sheet of a material which can be moulded after heating and which will keep a new shape after cooling, such as suitable 15 mm thick polyethylene foam. The foot 16 is protected from the heat by woollen socks or by any other suitable insulated material.
In the method, if a zone of the foot 16 surface requires reduced pressure, in use, a small build up of plaster or the like under the zone before placing on the apparatus. will cause reduction in pressure on the zone by the finished footwear.
Figure 2 shows the apparatus described above being used with the load bearing end of a amputated stump 17. The methods described with reference to Figure 1 can be used to make a former from which a socket of a prosthesis can be made to fit the stump 17 with preferred pressure distribution on the stump 17.
A cast may be made to represent the shape of the surface of the foot when subject to the preferred pressure distribution, by a method relating to Figure 1. The cast can be pressed on top a sheet of heated plastic on the diaphragm 13, to form an insole for footwear of optimum shape
Claims (6)
- CLAIMS 1. Prosthetic or orthotic component making apparatus, said component bring adapted to receive load from one of the above-mentioned surface portions, including a sealed container to be filled with a suitable free-flowing fluid material, at least a part of the outside wall of the container being flexible, the part being adapted to receive load at realistic levels from - said surface portion, whereby said load will be distributed on said surface portion at substantially uniform pressure thereover, by virtue of the uniform hydrostatic pressure generated in the fluid material within the container by the load and by virtue of the flexibility of said part of the container wall.
- 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, in which the container wall other than said part is rigid.
- 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 in which said part is an extensible sheet.
- 4. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 in which said part is a non-extensible sheet material mounted with an adequate slackness.
- 5. Apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 4 in which the fluid material is a liquid.
- 6. A method of making a prosthetic or orthotic component, said component being adapted to receive load from one of the above-mentioned surface portions, including the steps of firmly locating a sealed container filled with a suitable free-flowing fluid material, at least a part of the outside wall of the container being flexible, the part being adapted to receive load at realistic levels from said surface portion, whereby said load will be distributed on said surface portion at substantially uniform pressure thereover, by virtue of the uniform hydrostatic pressure generated in the fluid material within the container by the load and by virtue of the flexibility of said part of the container wall, placing on said flexible part of the container wall a quantity of an easily deformed suitable material which is initially soft, applying said surface portion to the easily deformable material with a force of magnitude and direction comparable to that encountered during normal use of said surface portion, sustaining the load until the deformable material has set or hardened and removing the said surface portion therefrom.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8913113A GB2232598A (en) | 1989-06-07 | 1989-06-07 | Moulding a prosthetic or orthotic component |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8913113A GB2232598A (en) | 1989-06-07 | 1989-06-07 | Moulding a prosthetic or orthotic component |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8913113D0 GB8913113D0 (en) | 1989-07-26 |
| GB2232598A true GB2232598A (en) | 1990-12-19 |
Family
ID=10658050
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8913113A Withdrawn GB2232598A (en) | 1989-06-07 | 1989-06-07 | Moulding a prosthetic or orthotic component |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2232598A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2255306A (en) * | 1991-05-01 | 1992-11-04 | Leslie Frederick Irving | A mould apparatus for manufacturing bespoke cushion members of a complementary contour |
| WO1997028761A1 (en) * | 1996-02-08 | 1997-08-14 | Aktsionernoye Obschestvo Zakrytogo Tipa 'orto-S' | Method of producing individual foot models |
| GB2324062A (en) * | 1997-04-12 | 1998-10-14 | Philip Arthur Clayton | Preparing a mould of a foot |
| GB2350815A (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 2000-12-13 | John Seymour Burnett | Support member |
| CN100335007C (en) * | 1999-11-05 | 2007-09-05 | 阿莫菲特公司 | Device and method for measuring foot geometry |
| ITTO20120217A1 (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2013-09-14 | Silvio Galfione | MACHINE FOR FORMING A CALCO OF A TERMINAL TRAFFICKING OF AN AMPUTED LIMB |
| WO2016135320A1 (en) * | 2015-02-26 | 2016-09-01 | Andreas Radspieler | Device, set, and method for creating a plaster impression of a limb stump of a patient for manufacturing a prosthesis shaft, and adapter |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB335460A (en) * | 1930-05-28 | 1930-09-25 | Adolf Lettermann | |
| GB472414A (en) * | 1936-04-03 | 1937-09-23 | William Francis Comyns | Improvements relating to moulding devices for use in plaster casting and the like |
| GB475736A (en) * | 1936-04-24 | 1937-11-24 | United Shoe Machinery Corp | Improvements in or relating to the production and use of bodies such as casts and moulds shaped in accordance with the shape of an article |
| GB669423A (en) * | 1948-03-03 | 1952-04-02 | Hydro Form Corp | Diaphragm-anchoring means |
| GB1387365A (en) * | 1972-06-08 | 1975-03-19 | Contourpedic Corp | Apparatus and process for forming contoured impressions |
| GB1475405A (en) * | 1975-11-21 | 1977-06-01 | Thalmann H | Method and apparatus for making a bespoke shoe manufacturing last |
| EP0026897A1 (en) * | 1979-10-09 | 1981-04-15 | Rolando Gallina | Method and apparatus for manufacturing insoles |
-
1989
- 1989-06-07 GB GB8913113A patent/GB2232598A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB335460A (en) * | 1930-05-28 | 1930-09-25 | Adolf Lettermann | |
| GB472414A (en) * | 1936-04-03 | 1937-09-23 | William Francis Comyns | Improvements relating to moulding devices for use in plaster casting and the like |
| GB475736A (en) * | 1936-04-24 | 1937-11-24 | United Shoe Machinery Corp | Improvements in or relating to the production and use of bodies such as casts and moulds shaped in accordance with the shape of an article |
| GB669423A (en) * | 1948-03-03 | 1952-04-02 | Hydro Form Corp | Diaphragm-anchoring means |
| GB1387365A (en) * | 1972-06-08 | 1975-03-19 | Contourpedic Corp | Apparatus and process for forming contoured impressions |
| GB1475405A (en) * | 1975-11-21 | 1977-06-01 | Thalmann H | Method and apparatus for making a bespoke shoe manufacturing last |
| EP0026897A1 (en) * | 1979-10-09 | 1981-04-15 | Rolando Gallina | Method and apparatus for manufacturing insoles |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2255306A (en) * | 1991-05-01 | 1992-11-04 | Leslie Frederick Irving | A mould apparatus for manufacturing bespoke cushion members of a complementary contour |
| GB2255306B (en) * | 1991-05-01 | 1995-07-19 | Leslie Frederick Irving | A Method of and Apparatus for Making Bespoke Insoles for Footwear |
| WO1997028761A1 (en) * | 1996-02-08 | 1997-08-14 | Aktsionernoye Obschestvo Zakrytogo Tipa 'orto-S' | Method of producing individual foot models |
| GB2324062A (en) * | 1997-04-12 | 1998-10-14 | Philip Arthur Clayton | Preparing a mould of a foot |
| GB2350815A (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 2000-12-13 | John Seymour Burnett | Support member |
| GB2350815B (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 2001-08-08 | John Seymour Burnett | Moulding method |
| CN100335007C (en) * | 1999-11-05 | 2007-09-05 | 阿莫菲特公司 | Device and method for measuring foot geometry |
| ITTO20120217A1 (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2013-09-14 | Silvio Galfione | MACHINE FOR FORMING A CALCO OF A TERMINAL TRAFFICKING OF AN AMPUTED LIMB |
| WO2013136284A3 (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2014-01-23 | SAROTTO, Claudio | Machine for forming a cast of an end portion of an amputated limb |
| US9161845B2 (en) | 2012-03-13 | 2015-10-20 | Silvio Galfione | Machine for forming a cast of an end portion of an amputated limb |
| WO2016135320A1 (en) * | 2015-02-26 | 2016-09-01 | Andreas Radspieler | Device, set, and method for creating a plaster impression of a limb stump of a patient for manufacturing a prosthesis shaft, and adapter |
| EP3261587B1 (en) | 2015-02-26 | 2019-11-13 | Andreas Radspieler | Device, set, and method for creating a plaster impression of a limb stump of a patient for manufacturing a prosthesis shaft, and adapter |
| EP3653176A1 (en) * | 2015-02-26 | 2020-05-20 | Andreas Radspieler | Device, set and method for creating a plaster impression of a bodypart stump of a patient for the manufacture of a prosthesis shaft and adapter |
| US11090171B2 (en) | 2015-02-26 | 2021-08-17 | Romedis Gmbh | Apparatus, set and method for creating a plaster impression of a limb stump of a patient for manufacturing a prosthesis shaft and adaptor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8913113D0 (en) | 1989-07-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |