GB2110990A - Shoe construction - Google Patents
Shoe construction Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2110990A GB2110990A GB08234706A GB8234706A GB2110990A GB 2110990 A GB2110990 A GB 2110990A GB 08234706 A GB08234706 A GB 08234706A GB 8234706 A GB8234706 A GB 8234706A GB 2110990 A GB2110990 A GB 2110990A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- shoe
- stitch
- tissue
- layer
- fabric
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B23/00—Uppers; Boot legs; Stiffeners; Other single parts of footwear
- A43B23/08—Heel stiffeners; Toe stiffeners
- A43B23/16—Heel stiffeners; Toe stiffeners made of impregnated fabrics, plastics or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
- B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
- B32B2037/1215—Hot-melt adhesive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
- B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
- B32B2305/02—Cellular or porous
- B32B2305/026—Porous
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2437/00—Clothing
- B32B2437/02—Gloves, shoes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
A shoe stiffening material comprises a reinforcing fabric layer of a stitch-bonded or needle-punched non- woven fabric and a layer of a porous tissue having a pore size substantially smaller than the stitch or needle holes in the reinforcing fabric layer, the reinforcing layer being impregnated with and laminated to the tissue by a thermoformable polymer compound. A tissue layer may be laminated to each surface of the reinforcing fabric layer. When such a stiffening material is secured to a shoe outer material in known manner by use of a hot-melt adhesive, the adhesive is unlikely to penetrate through the stiffening material.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Shoe construction
In shoe construction, certain parts of shoe uppers comprise leather or other material for forming the outer surface of the shoe, laminated to a reinforcing stiffener. For example, the front portion or "vamp" of a shoe upper is commonly laminated to such a stiffener (called a "puff") to provide a firm toe in the finished shoe. A common form of shoe stiffener is cut from a fabric impregnated with a thermoformable polymer compound. In the production of a laminated shoe component with such a stiffener, the stiffener is coated on one side with a hot-melt adhesive and is placed with its adhesive-coated surface against a piece of leather or other outer material, cut to the required shape, in a press having a heated platen to contact the other surface of the stiffener.The adhesive and the thermo-formable polymer compound are softened by the heat, and the stiffener and the outer material are pressed into intimate contact to cause them to adhere together.
Subsequently, the component may be heated again, to enable it to be formed into the desired threedimensional shape prior to or during the lasting process.
Stitch-bonded and needle-punched non-woven fabrics are recognised as useful materials for shoe stiffeners. In a stitch-bonded fabric, a layer or web of fibres is secured by parallel rows of stitches. Needlepunched fabrics are produced by punching a layer or web of fibres with needles shaped so as to cause some fibres to pass wholly or partly through the web, entangling with other fibres, so as to secure the web together. These stiffening materials are cheap and provide good reinforcement, even of delicate outer materials. They are readily formed into threedimensional shapes and provide finished shoe components with good flexibility.However, we have found that in the use of stiffeners made from these materials the holes caused by the stitch-bonding or needle-punching are not always closed by the impregnating thermo-formable polymer compound, and during the pressing operation some adhesive may penetrate through these holes.
After pressing, the components are commonly stacked together, and any adhesive which may be on the underside of a component, for example any which may have penetrated through the stitch or needle holes of the stiffening material, is likely to adhere to the next component in the stack. This may be a mere inconvenience, but frequently the adhe size will soil or damage the outer surface of the next component in the stack when the components are separated. Adhesive which penetrates through the holes also builds up on the surface of the heated platen and then adheres to components which are subsequently pressed, giving rise to further difficulties.
According to this invention, a shoe stiffening material comprises a reinforcing fabric layer consisting of a stitch-bonded or needle-punched nonwoven fabric and a layer of a porous tissue having an average pore size substantially smaller than the stitch or needle holes in the reinforcing fabric layer, the reinforcing fabric layer being impregnated with and laminated to the tissue by a thermo-formable polymer compound.
A layer of a porous tissue having an average pore size substantially smaller than the stitch or needle holes in the reinforcing fabric layer may be laminated to each surface of the latter. It is not essential that the two tissue layers should be the same. The tissue layer or layers may also be impregnated with the thermo-formable polymer compound prior to lamination to the reinforcing fabric layer.
The or each porous tissue may be a paper or a knitted, woven or non-woven fabric. It will be understood that such materials do not have a uniform pore size. However, substantially all the pores in the tissue should be smaller than the stitch or needle holes in the reinforcing fabric fabric layer and it is preferred that all the pores should be substantially smaller than the stitch or needle holes.
The invention includes a method of manufacturing the shoe stiffening material, a shoe stiffener formed from the shoe stiffening material, a shoe component including such a stiffener, and a shoe including such a component.
The laminated shoe stiffening material provides the afore-mentioned advantages of stitch-bonded and needle-punched non-woven fabrics, but is not readily penetrated by adhesive during the pressing operation.
In an example, a stitch-bonded fabric comprising a fleece of polyester fibres bonded with stitches of nylon yarn, of weight 130 gm/m2 and a paper tissue of weight 15 gm/m2 were impregnated with an emulsion of a styrene acrylic polymer composition, pressed together and dried by passing the pressed assembly through an oven. A shoe stiffener was cut from the laminated stiffening material thus produced and was coated on the surface opposite to the tissue with a molten ethylene vinyl acetate hot-melt adhesive and allowed to cool. A shoe vamp was pressed with its inner surface against the adhesivecoated surface of the stiffener in a press with a heated platen in contact with the tissue surface of the stiffener. On withdrawal from the press it was found that no adhesive had penetrated the tissue.
The finished component was strong and flexible and had a good outer surface finish.
A modified laminated stiffening material may be made by impregnating an assembly of two tissue layers with a stitch-bonded fabric between them with the polymer emulsion and pressing and drying the assembly as described above. Alternatively, the stitch-bonded fabric alone may be impregnated, prior to assembly with the tissue or tissues.
It is not necessary that the tissue or tissues should be of a lighter or thinner construction than the reinforcing fabric layer. Indeed, it or they may be thicker. Examples of stitch-bonded and needlepunched non-woven fabrics commonly used for shoe reinforcement range in thickness from about 2.0 mm to about 0.125 mm. Examples of porous tissues suitable for lamination to such reinforcing materials in performing the invention range in thickness from about 2.5 mm to about 0.025 mm.
Claims (13)
1. A shoe stiffening material comprising a reinforcing fabric layer consisting of a stitch-bonded or needle-punched non-woven fabric and a layer of a porous tissue having an average pore size substantially smaller than the stitch or needle holes in the reinforcing fabric layer, the reinforcing fabric layer being impregnated with and laminated to the tissue layer by a thermoformable polymer compound.
2. A shoe stiffening material as claimed in Claim 1 including a third layer of a porous tissue having an average pore size substantially smaller than the stitch or needle holes in the reinforcing fabric layer, the three layers being laminated together by the thermoformable polymer compound with the reinforcing fabric layer between the tissue layers.
3. A shoe stiffening material as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 2 in which substantially all the pores of the porous tissue layer or layers are smaller than the stitch or needle holes in the reinforcing fabric layer.
4. A shoe stiffening material as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 2 in which all the pores of the porous tissue layer or layers are substantially smaller than the stitch or needle holes in the reinforcing fabric layer.
5. A shoe stiffener formed from a shoe stiffening material as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 4.
6. A shoe component including a shoe stiffener as claimed in Claim 5.
7. A shoe component as claimed in Claim 6 comprising shoe outer material secured to the shoe stiffener by a hot-melt adhesive characterised in that the adhesive does not substantially penetrate through the shoe stiffener.
8. A shoe including a shoe component as claimed in Claim 6 or Claim 7.
9. Method of manufacturing a shoe stiffening material as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 4 comprising the steps of impregnating a stitch-bonded or needle-punched non-woven fabric with a thermoformable polymer compound, pressing against one or each surface thereof a porous tissue having an average pore size substantially smaller than the stitch or needle holes in the fabric and drying the pressed assembly of fabric and tissue or tissues.
10. Method of manufacturing a shoe stiffening material as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 4 comprising the steps of impregnating a stitch-bonded or needle-punched non-woven fabric and a porous tissue having an average pore size substantially smaller than the stitch or needle holes in the fabric with a thermo-formable polymer compound, pressing the fabric and tissue together and drying the pressed assembly.
11. Method as claimed in Claim 10 including the step of pressing against the surface of the fabric opposite to that against which the tissue is pressed, and prior to drying the pressed assembly, a further tissue having an average pore size substantially smaller than the stitch or needle holes in the fabric.
12. Method as claimed in Claim 11 including the preliminary step of impregnating the further tissue with the thermo-formable polymer compound.
13. Method as claimed in any of Claims 9 to 12 wherein the thermo-formable polymer compound is an emulsion of a styrene acrylic polymer composition.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08234706A GB2110990B (en) | 1981-12-07 | 1982-12-06 | Shoe construction |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8136874 | 1981-12-07 | ||
| GB08234706A GB2110990B (en) | 1981-12-07 | 1982-12-06 | Shoe construction |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2110990A true GB2110990A (en) | 1983-06-29 |
| GB2110990B GB2110990B (en) | 1985-09-25 |
Family
ID=26281480
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08234706A Expired GB2110990B (en) | 1981-12-07 | 1982-12-06 | Shoe construction |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2110990B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5075142A (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1991-12-24 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Thermoformable composite sheet |
| EP0769258A1 (en) * | 1995-10-18 | 1997-04-23 | Alpinestars S.p.A. | Method for producing a protective element for sports shoes and/or items of clothing and product obtained with said method |
| WO1999022060A1 (en) * | 1997-10-23 | 1999-05-06 | Texon Uk Limited | Reinforcing material for footwear |
| WO2002018691A3 (en) * | 2000-08-28 | 2002-07-04 | Mani Shankar Almal | Jute/cotton composites for use in the manufacture of footwear components and method of manufacture of such composites |
-
1982
- 1982-12-06 GB GB08234706A patent/GB2110990B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5075142A (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1991-12-24 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Thermoformable composite sheet |
| EP0769258A1 (en) * | 1995-10-18 | 1997-04-23 | Alpinestars S.p.A. | Method for producing a protective element for sports shoes and/or items of clothing and product obtained with said method |
| WO1999022060A1 (en) * | 1997-10-23 | 1999-05-06 | Texon Uk Limited | Reinforcing material for footwear |
| WO2002018691A3 (en) * | 2000-08-28 | 2002-07-04 | Mani Shankar Almal | Jute/cotton composites for use in the manufacture of footwear components and method of manufacture of such composites |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2110990B (en) | 1985-09-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |