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GB2151602A - Improvements in or relating to materials - Google Patents

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Publication number
GB2151602A
GB2151602A GB08431121A GB8431121A GB2151602A GB 2151602 A GB2151602 A GB 2151602A GB 08431121 A GB08431121 A GB 08431121A GB 8431121 A GB8431121 A GB 8431121A GB 2151602 A GB2151602 A GB 2151602A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
particles
inorganic
composite material
fluid
substance
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Granted
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GB08431121A
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GB2151602B (en
GB8431121D0 (en
Inventor
Brynley John Miles
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UK Atomic Energy Authority
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UK Atomic Energy Authority
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Publication of GB8431121D0 publication Critical patent/GB8431121D0/en
Publication of GB2151602A publication Critical patent/GB2151602A/en
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Publication of GB2151602B publication Critical patent/GB2151602B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J20/28009—Magnetic properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
    • C22B3/42—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by ion-exchange extraction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J20/28004—Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. particle size
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
    • B01J20/28016—Particle form
    • B01J20/28019—Spherical, ellipsoidal or cylindrical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
    • B01J20/28016—Particle form
    • B01J20/28021—Hollow particles, e.g. hollow spheres, microspheres or cenospheres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/281—Sorbents specially adapted for preparative, analytical or investigative chromatography
    • B01J20/282—Porous sorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/281—Sorbents specially adapted for preparative, analytical or investigative chromatography
    • B01J20/286—Phases chemically bonded to a substrate, e.g. to silica or to polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/3078—Thermal treatment, e.g. calcining or pyrolizing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3202—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the carrier, support or substrate used for impregnation or coating
    • B01J20/3206—Organic carriers, supports or substrates
    • B01J20/3208—Polymeric carriers, supports or substrates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3202—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the carrier, support or substrate used for impregnation or coating
    • B01J20/3206—Organic carriers, supports or substrates
    • B01J20/3208—Polymeric carriers, supports or substrates
    • B01J20/321—Polymeric carriers, supports or substrates consisting of a polymer obtained by reactions involving only carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
    • B01J20/3234—Inorganic material layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
    • B01J20/3234—Inorganic material layers
    • B01J20/3236—Inorganic material layers containing metal, other than zeolites, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, sulphides or salts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
    • B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
    • B01D15/26—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism
    • B01D15/38—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism involving specific interaction not covered by one or more of groups B01D15/265 and B01D15/30 - B01D15/36, e.g. affinity, ligand exchange or chiral chromatography
    • B01D15/3804—Affinity chromatography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/42—Materials comprising a mixture of inorganic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/50—Aspects relating to the use of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/54—Sorbents specially adapted for analytical or investigative chromatography
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to materials suitable for use as support materials for selected substances (e.g. chromatographic organic gels) and the preparation thereof. The materials are in the form of porous particles of inorganic, magnetic material. The particles may have an inter-connected internal porosity throughout within which a selected substance may be retained or may be hollow such that a selected substance may be retained within a porous shell. By way of example, hollow particles in accordance with the invention may retain an affinity chromatography gel and thereby form composite particles. Such composite particles may be used to extract a selected component from a fluid by affinity chromatography and the composite particles then removed from the fluid by magnetic separation. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Improvements in or relating to materials The present invention relates to materials and more particularly to materials suitable for use as support materials. for selected substances and the preparation of such support materials.
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a material, suitable for use as a support material for a selected substance, comprising porous particles of inorganic magnetic material., In one embodiment of the present invention the porous particles may have.an inter-con-.
nected internal porosity throughout such that the selected substance may be accommodated in the internal porosity.
In a second embodiment of the present invention the porous particles may be porous, hollow particles of inorganic magnetic material such that the selected substance may be accommodated within the particles. jit will be appreciated that in accordance with this second embodiment of the invention the selected substance is retained within porous shells provided by the hollow particles.
The particles may conveniently be substantially spheroidal or spherical.
The porous particles may be formed from inorganic magnetic material (e.g. iron oxide) or may be formed from an inorganic material containing a magnetic material (e.g. a nonmagnetic oxide containing magnetic particles).
It is to be understood that in this Specification the term "magnetic material" means a material which. can be influenced by a magnetic field and the term includes, for example, magnetic materials, paramagnetic materials, and diamagnetic materials.
Porous particles of inorganic, magnetic material having an inter-connected internal porosity throughout may be prepared by a method as disclosed in British Patent Specification No.
1421 531 corresponds to US Patent No.. 3943072) or in British Patent-Specifica- tion No. 1 586364. It will be appreciated that when preparing magnetic particles in accordance with. the present invention the starting material for use in accordance with the Patent Specifications immediately hereinbefore mentioned will be chosen appropriately; Thus the starting materials may consist of or contain an inorganic magnetic material or a precursor therefor, Porous hollow particles of inorganic material in accordance with the present invention may be prepared by a method as disclosed in copending British Patent Application No. 83 33794 of even date herewith..In this said copending application there is disclosed inter alia the preparation of a porous hollow, particle of inorganic material suitable for use as a support material for a selected substance which includes coating a fugitive core material.
with inorganic material (or a precursor there for) and removing the fugitive core material to produce a porous hollow particle of inorganic material. It will be appreciated that the start ing material for use in producing magnetic inorganic particles in accordance with the co pending patent application immediately here inbefore mentioned will be chosen appropri ately and may consist of or contain an inor ganic magnetic material.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a composite ma terial comprising porous particles of inorganic, magnetic material carrying a selected sub stance.
The selected substance may be chosen from a wide range according to the substance it is desired to incorporate in the composite ma terial. For example, the selected substance may be an active organic gel (such as a gel which is active with regard to chemical spe cies). Such a gel may be active with regard to chemical species by predominately chemical interaction (such as ion exchange) or may be active with regard to chemical species by predominately physical interaction (such as in gel filtration and molecular sieving processes).
By way of further example the selected substance may be a biochemically active sub stance such as substances consisting of or containing biological cells or enzymes. The biologically active substance may be in the form of an organic gel.
By way of yet further example the selected substance may be such that the composite material can be used in two-phase separation.
Thus, for example where the composite ma terial is to be used in aqueous media the selected substance may be an organic sub stance substantially immiscible with aqueous media.
The selected substance may be liquid.
Where this is the case in general it is to be preferred that the particles of porous inorganic magnetic material are hollow such that the sele#cted substance is retained within the "shells" of the porous particles.
It is to be understood that non-liquid sub stances may be carried in hollow particles or in particles which have an inter-connected internal porosity throughout.
It is to be further understood that in accor dance with the present invention the porous particles of inorganic, magnetic material are considered as acting as a "support material" for a selected substance whenever a selected substance is carried by the porous inorganic magnetic material.This embraces, for example, where the porous inorganic ma terials adds mechanical stability to deformable materials (e,g. as in the case of an organic deformable gel# carried in the pores of a sup port:material having an inter-connected inter nal porosity throughout) and also embraces where the porous inorganic magnetic material carries the selected substance without necessarily providing it with mechanical stability throughout (for example as in the case where a liquid is retained within a hollow porous particle of inorganic magnetic material in accordance with the present invention).
According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for the selective separation of a selected component from a fluid which comprises contacting the fluid with a composite material comprising porous particles of inorganic, magnetic material carrying a selected substance capable of retaining the selected component from the fluid such that the selected component is retained by the selected substance, and magnetically separating the composite material particles from the fluid.
The selected component (e.g. a selected chemical species) may subsequently be recovered from the composite particles and the particles re-used, if desired, in further separation operations.
By way of example the composite material may comprise porous inorganic particles of inorganic, magnetic material having an interconnected internal porosity throughout within which porosity there is contained a selected substance comprising an affinity chromatography reagent. Such a composite material may be used in the selective separation of chemical species from a fluid (e.g. an aqueous solution) by affinity chromatography and subsequent magnetic separation.
British Patent Specification No. 1421531 discloses inter alia that porous particles having an inter-connected inernal porosity may be fabricated from a number of inorganic materials and the following are given by way of example: titanium dioxide, aluminium oxide, calcium phosphate, barium sulphate, zirconium oxide, calcium sulphate and natural earths such as that available under the trade name of "Celite". British Patent Specification No. 1586364 discloses that porous inorganic particles can be formed from a number of inorganic materials and titanium dioxide, calcium phosphate and natural earths "Celite" and "Bentonite" are given by way of example.In the co-pending application of even date hereinbefore referred to (British Patent Application No. 83 33794) it is disclosed that hollow spheres can be made from a wide range of inorganic materials and by way of example it is disclosed that hollow spheres can be made from kieselguhr with or without the addition of another inorganic material such as titania. It is to be understood that the materials given by way of example in British Patent Specifications Nos. 1421531 and 1586364 and in the co-pending application referred to herein, may be used to fabricate particles for use in accordance with the invention, subject of course, to the addition of a suitable magnetic material. Examples of such suitable magnetic materials are ferric oxide, nickel oxide and cobalt oxide.
The porous particles of inorganic, magnetic material may be arranged to carry the selected substance by any convenient method. Where the selected substance is a liquid the liquid may be introduced to the particles and retained therein by surface tension or forming a membrane around each particle.
In the case where the selected substance is other than a liquid, a precursor for the selective substance may be introduced to the particles and subsequently treated to form the selected substance. For example, a precursor may be introduced to the particles and subsequently gelled (e.g. by cross-linking, precipitation or polymerisation).
Reference may be made to British Patent Specification No. 1514707 and 1602432, by way of example, with regard to forming substances in a support material.
According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided apparatus for the selective separation of a selected component from a fluid which comprises means for contacting a composite material comprising particles of inorganic magnetic material carrying a selected substance with a fluid containing the selected component, means for applying a magnetic field so as to localise composite material containing the selected component in a collecting region, and means for recovering the selected component from the composite material.
By way of example the composite material particles may be contacted with the fluid in a contacting tank and subsequently transferred to a vessel surrounded by a magnet in which the composite material may be localised.
The present invention will now be further described, by way of example only, with reference to the single Figure of the accompanying drawing which is a diagrammatic representation of apparatus for the selective separation of a selected component from a fluid in accordance with the present invention and by reference to Example 1.
Referring now to the Figure of the drawing there is shown a vessel 1 having a region 2 around which there is provided an electromagnet 3.
The vessel 1 is provided with a feed fluid inlet 4 (having a valve 4a), a treated fluid outlet 5 (having a valve 5a), a flushing liquid inlet 6 (having a valve 6a) and a flushing liquid outlet 7 (having a valve 7a).
In operation to begin valves 4a and 5a are open and valves 6a and 7a are closed and the electro-magnet 3 is energised. A fluid comprising a liquid (e.g. an aqueous liquid) mixed with magnetic composite particles in accordance with the present invention (comprising porous particles of inorganic, magnetic material containing and carrying a selected substance) is introduced to the said vessel 1 through feed fluid inlet 4. Under the influence of the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet 3 magnetic composite particles are localised and retained in the region 2 while liquid from which particles have been removed leaves the vessel 1 by means of the fluid outlet 5.
When the desired amount of magnetic composite particles has been retained in the vessel 1 the valves 4a and 5a are closed and the electro-magnet 3 is de-energised.
Valves 6a and 7a are opened and a flushing liquid is introduced through flushing liquid inlet 6. Since the electro-magnet 3 is deenergised the magnetic composite particles are removed from the vessel 1 by flushing liquid and discharged with this liquid through flushing liquid outlet 7. The particles can be further treated as required (e.g. in a column apparatus) to recover a selected component.
The region 2 may contain a matrix to assist in localising and retaining the particles; such a matrix may be, for example, a metallic wool, grid or mesh.
By way of example, the apparatus immediately hereinbefore described may be used to effect separation of a selected component by a combination of affinity chromatography and magnetic separation.
Thus, for example, a composite material comprising porous particles of inorganic magnetic material (e.g. kieselguhr and ferric oxide) containing and carrying an organic affinity chromatography gel (e.g. agarose gel carrying an affinity chromatography agent such as Cibacron Blue 3 G-A (ex Ciba Geigy)) can be contacted with a biologically produced fluid (e.g. a raw cell culture or fermentation broth) so that the gel removes a selected component into the particles from the fluid. Subsequently the particles can be separated from the fluid by use of a magnetic field in an apparatus as hereinbefore described, recovered from the apparatus and eluted (e.g. in a column) to recover the selected component.
The fluid from which particles have been separated can be recycled to (e.g. to a fermenter) if desired. The contacting of the particles and fluid may be effected in a contacting tank, not shown in the Figure, which is arranged to receive liquor to be contacted with the particles from a desired source (e.g. a biochemical reactor or fermenter).
In an alternative means of operation when the desired amount of magnetic composite particles has been retained in the vessel 1 the valves 4a and 5a are closed but the electromagnet 3 is not de-energised.
Valves 6a and 7a are opened and an eluting agent is introduced via inlet 6, passed through the magnetic composite particles (which are retained by means of the electromagnet 3) and removed with recovered selected component via outlet 7.
Subsequently, the particles may be removed from the vessel 1 by use of a flushing liquid as described hereinbefore with reference to the Fig.
Example 1 3g of spherical particles of organic resin beads (macro-reticular resin beads obtainable from BDH Chemicals under the Trade Name Amberlyst A-26) were coated with a mixture of kieselguhr (29) and ferric oxide (2g) by incremental addition of the mixture and water to the beads in a spheroidiser.
During coating the resin beads "grew" to a size of ""1 to 2 mm dia. The coated beads comprising resin beads and coating were heated at 9004C for 1 hour to decompose the resin beads and cause the products thereby formed to escape through the porosity in the coating.
This gave porous, hollow particles of inorganic magnetic material 700-1500 ym.

Claims (17)

1. A material, suitable for use as a support material for a selected substance, comprising porous particles of inorganic magnetic material.
2. A material as claimed in claim 1 wherein the porous particles have an interconnected internal porosity throughout such that the selected substance may be accommodated in the interal porosity.
3. A material as claimed in claim 1 wherein the porous particles are porous, hollow particles of inorganic magnetic material such that the selected substance may be accommodated within the particles.
4. A material as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the particles are substantially spheroidal or spherical.
5-. A composite material comprising porous particles of inorganic, magnetic material carrying a selected substance.
6. A composite material as claimed in claim 5 wherein the inorganic material consists of, or contains, iron oxide, nickel oxide or cobalt oxide.
7. A composite material as claimed in claim 5 wherein the inorganic material contains titanium dioxide, aluminium oxide, calcium phosphate, barium sulphate, zirconium oxide, calcium sulphate or a natural earth.
8. A composite material as claimed in claim 5 wherein the selected substance is an active organic gel.
9. A composite material as claimed in claim 5 wherein the selected substance is a liquid.
10. A composite material as claimed in claim 5 wherein the selected substance is substantially immiscible with aqueous media.
11. A composite material as claimed in claim 5 wherein the selected substance is a biochemically active substance.
12. A process for the selective separation of a selected component from a fluid which comprises contacting the fluid with a composite material comprising porous particles of inorganic, magnetic material carrying a selected substance capable of retaining the selected component from the fluid such that the selected component is retained by the selected substance, and magnetically separating the composite material particles from the fluid.
13. A process as claimed in claim 12 wherein the composite material comprises porous inorganic particles of inorganic, magnetic material having an inter-connected internal porosity throughout within which porosity there is contained a selected substance comprising an affinity chromatography reagent.
14. Apparatus for the selective separation of a selected component from a fluid which comprises means for contacting a composite material comprising particles of inorganic magnetic material carrying a selected substance with a fluid containing the selected component, means for applying a magnetic field so as to localise composite material containing the selected component in a collecting region, and means for recovering the selected component from the composite material.
15. A material, suitable for use as a support material for a selected substance, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the Example.
16. A process for the selective separation of a selected component from a fluid substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the single Figure of the accompanying drawing.
17. Apparatus for the selective separation of a selected component from a fluid substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the single Figure of the accompanying drawing.
GB08431121A 1983-12-19 1984-12-10 Improvements in or relating to materials Expired GB2151602B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB838333795A GB8333795D0 (en) 1983-12-19 1983-12-19 Materials

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GB8431121D0 GB8431121D0 (en) 1985-01-16
GB2151602A true GB2151602A (en) 1985-07-24
GB2151602B GB2151602B (en) 1988-03-09

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GB08431121A Expired GB2151602B (en) 1983-12-19 1984-12-10 Improvements in or relating to materials

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5770416A (en) * 1989-05-26 1998-06-23 Upfront Chromatography A/S Permeable hollow particles having an outer shell of mechanically rigid porous material
FR3064194A1 (en) * 2017-03-27 2018-09-28 Innovchem PROCESS FOR PREPARING A MATERIAL FOR TRAPPING COMPOUNDS AND MATERIAL THUS OBTAINED

Citations (6)

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GB1363422A (en) * 1971-10-18 1974-08-14 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Iron alloys containing chromium and/or manganese
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GB2078704A (en) * 1978-06-22 1982-01-13 Snam Progetti Synthetic silica-based materials
EP0090551A1 (en) * 1982-03-29 1983-10-05 The Secretary of State for Defence in Her Britannic Majesty's Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Metal ion extraction process

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GB650794A (en) * 1946-11-27 1951-03-07 Standard Oil Dev Co Improvements in or relating to a hydrocarbon synthesis process
GB1363422A (en) * 1971-10-18 1974-08-14 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Iron alloys containing chromium and/or manganese
GB2078704A (en) * 1978-06-22 1982-01-13 Snam Progetti Synthetic silica-based materials
EP0011484A1 (en) * 1978-11-15 1980-05-28 The British Petroleum Company p.l.c. Removal of metals from solution
EP0018102A1 (en) * 1979-03-27 1980-10-29 The British Petroleum Company p.l.c. Functionalised inorganic oxide products and their use in the removal of heavy metals, transition metals and actinide metals from solution
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US5770416A (en) * 1989-05-26 1998-06-23 Upfront Chromatography A/S Permeable hollow particles having an outer shell of mechanically rigid porous material
FR3064194A1 (en) * 2017-03-27 2018-09-28 Innovchem PROCESS FOR PREPARING A MATERIAL FOR TRAPPING COMPOUNDS AND MATERIAL THUS OBTAINED
WO2018177962A1 (en) * 2017-03-27 2018-10-04 Innovchem Method for preparing a material for trapping compounds, material thus obtained, analysis container and method for preparing same

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GB8431121D0 (en) 1985-01-16
GB8333795D0 (en) 1984-01-25

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