GB2038015A - Splicing and termination of optical fibres - Google Patents
Splicing and termination of optical fibres Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2038015A GB2038015A GB7849253A GB7849253A GB2038015A GB 2038015 A GB2038015 A GB 2038015A GB 7849253 A GB7849253 A GB 7849253A GB 7849253 A GB7849253 A GB 7849253A GB 2038015 A GB2038015 A GB 2038015A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- fibre
- sleeve
- termination
- splice
- fibres
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006370 Kynar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluorethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/255—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding
- G02B6/2551—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding using thermal methods, e.g. fusion welding by arc discharge, laser beam, plasma torch
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
- G02B6/3801—Permanent connections, i.e. wherein fibres are kept aligned by mechanical means
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Coupling Of Light Guides (AREA)
Abstract
To make a splice between two plastics (e.g. silicone) clad optical fibres, or a termination for one such fibre, the cladding is removed from the end region of the or each fibre and replaced by a sleeve of a heat- shrinkable fluorinated or perfluorinated carbon polymer or copolymer, which is heated to shrink it on to the fibres or the fibre. The material used for the sleeve is so chosen as to have a light-guiding function for light in the fibres; an exemplified material is polyvinylidene fluoride. In the case of the termination the end is polished back so that the end face of the sleeve is flush with the end face of the fibre end. In both cases an outer protective sheath is subsequently applied.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Splicing and termination of optical fibres
The present invention relates to the splicing
together of optical fibres and to the termination of
such fibres.
When using plastics clad silica or glass optical fibres some difficulties arise because of the
relatively soft nature of the claddings used, these often being silicone resins. Hence an object of the
invention is to provide a technique for use in
making an optical fibre splice or a termination for
a single optical fibre.
According to the invention there is provided a
method of making a splice between the ends of two plastics-clad optical fibres, or a termination for a single such fibre, in which the claddings in the regions of the fibre ends in the case of the splice or the cladding in the region of the fibre end in then case of the termination is removed and
replaced by a sleeve of a fluorinated or perfluorinated carbon polymer or co-polymer, in which after the replacement the sleeve is subjected to heat to cause it to shrink on to the splice or the termination, and in which the sleeve is of a material such that after it has been shrunk on to the fibres or the fibre it performs a lightguiding function for light negotiating the fibres or the fibre.
According to the invention there is also provided a method of making a splice between the ends of two silicone-clad silica optical fibres, in which the claddings in the regions of the fibre ends to be spliced are removed and replaced by a sleeve of polyvynilidene fluoride, which sleeve causes the splice and the unclad ends of the fibres, in which after the splice has been made and the sleeve has been positioned the sleeve is subjected to heat to cause it to shrink on to the splice, and in which the sleeve thus applied to the splice performs a light-guiding function for light negotiating the fibres.
According to the invention there is further provided a method of making a termination for a silicone-clad silica optical fibre in which the cladding in the region of the fibre end is removed and replaced by a sleeve of polyvynilidene fluoride, in which after the sleeve has been thus applied it is subjected to heat to cause it to shrink on to the termination, in which the end is polished so that the end face of the sleeve and of the fibre end are flush, and in which the sleeve thus applied to the termination performs a light-guiding function for light negotiating the fibre.
In the arrangements to be described herein there are two aspects to consider. One of these is the termination of a single optical fibre while the other is a splice for interconnecting two such fibres in a non-demountable manner.
In the case of the termination, the cladding in the vicinity of the end to be terminated is removed and a sleeve of a heat-shrinkable fluorinate or perfluorinate carbon polymer or co-polymer is applied to the fibre end in place of the removed
silicone cladding. This sleeve is then heated to
cause it to shrink on to the fibre end so that it is
securely attached thereto The material used is so
chosen as to have a light-guiding function in
respect of its fibre. The sleeve thus attached to the
fibre has a length such as to extend beyond the
end of the fibre and then is polished back until its
end face is flush (or as near flush as is desired)
with the fibre end.It should be noted that the
reverse can be used, i.e. the fibre end projects from the sleeve and is then polished back, but this
is not preferred as care is needed to ensure that
the silica is not subjected to flaking.
In the case of the splice, the two fibre ends to
be spliced have the silicone cladding removed at
their ends, and then a short length of the heat shrinkable sleeve is fitted over the end of one of the fibres to be joined. Next the fibre ends are
brought together and joined, e.g. by arc fusion.
Then the sleeve is positioned over the joined fibre ends, and subjected to heat to cause it to shrink on to the joined fibres.
In both the case of the termination and the splice it will be necessary to provide some outer
covering. In the case of the termination this may
involve securing the termination with its sleeve in
place within a ferrule, e.g. by the use of an epoxy or other suitable glue, which could be of the heat
curable type. For the splice a convenient outer
covering would be a two-part split sleeve which is secured in place over the heat-shrinkable sleeve
by some suitable glue or the like.
The arrangements above described have been
implemented using a 350 ,um silica optical fibre with a silicone cladding of about 450 yrn. In this case the heat-shrinkable sleeves are of a material
marketed under the Registered Trade Mark
KYNAR, which is a polyvynilidene fluoride, the
inside diameter being such as to be a fairly loose fit over the fibre when its cladding has been removed.
Other materials usable for the heat-shrinkable sleeves include other fluorinated or perfluorinated carbon polymers or co-polymers, and examples are fluorinated ethylene polymers (FEP) or polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE). These latter adhere quite well to glass or silica, but FEP and PTFE do not adhere quite as well to the metal of a ferrule.
However, in such a case the ferrule can be secured 1n some other way, e.g. by crimping, so as to avoid the time penalty incurred when using adhesives.
The fluorinated and perfluorinated polymers and co-polymers (and the term fluorinated as used herein should be interpreted to include perfluorinated) are selected for use in the arrangements described herein because of their low refractive indices, typically from 1.33 to 1.42 and high transparency, with lenses of the order of 5dB/cm. This makes them very suitable for use as a replacement cladding for silica, whose refractive index is about 1.45, especially for short lengths.
They also have high mechanical strength and chemical inertness, and remain stable over a wide temperature range, typically from below -500C to above +2000 C.
Claims (9)
1. A method of making a splice between the ends of two plastics-clad optical fibres, or a termination for a single such fibre, in which the claddings in the regions of the fibre ends in the case of the splice or the cladding in the region of the fibre end in the case of the termination is removed and replaced by a sleeve of a fluorinated or perfluorinated carbon polymer or co-polymer, in which after the replacement the sleeve is subjected to heat to cause it to shrink on to the splice or the termination, and in which the sleeve is of a material such that after it has been shrunk on to the fibres or the fibre it performs a lightguiding function for light negotiating the fibres or the fibre.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, and in which the fibres or the fibre are silica fibres with silicone claddings.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, and.in which the heat shrinkable sleeve is of polyvynilidene fluoride.
4. A method of making a splice between the ends of two silicone-clad silica optical fibres, in which the claddings in the regions of the fibre ends to be spliced are removed and replaced by a sleeve of polyvynilidene fluoride, which sleeve causes the splice and the unclad ends of the fibres, in which after the splice has been made an the sleeve has been positioned the sleeve is subjected to heat to cause it to shrink on to the splice, and in which the sleeve thus applied to the splice performs a light-guiding function for light negotiating the fibres.
5. A method of making a termination for a silicone-clad silica optical fibre in which the cladding in the region of the fibre end is removed and replaced by a sleeve of polyvynilidene fluoride, in which after the sleeve has been thus applied it is subjected to heat to cause it to shrink on to the termination, in which the end is polished so that the end face of the sleeve and af the fibre end are flush, and in which the sleeve thus applied to the termination performs a light-guiding function for light negotiating the fibre.
6. A method of making a splice between two optical fibres, substantially as herein described.
7. An optical fibre splice made by the method of any one of claims 1,2,3,4 or 6.
8. A method of making a termination for an optical fibre, substantially as herein described.
9. An optical fibre termination made by the method of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 5 or 8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7849253A GB2038015B (en) | 1978-12-20 | 1978-12-20 | Splicing and termination of optical fibres |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7849253A GB2038015B (en) | 1978-12-20 | 1978-12-20 | Splicing and termination of optical fibres |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2038015A true GB2038015A (en) | 1980-07-16 |
| GB2038015B GB2038015B (en) | 1982-10-27 |
Family
ID=10501836
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7849253A Expired GB2038015B (en) | 1978-12-20 | 1978-12-20 | Splicing and termination of optical fibres |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2038015B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2494453A1 (en) * | 1980-11-14 | 1982-05-21 | Int Standard Electric Corp | PROCESS FOR RECONSTITUTION OF THE OUTER SHEATH IN PLASTIC ON A SPLIC OF OPTICAL FIBERS |
| EP0092441A1 (en) * | 1982-04-20 | 1983-10-26 | Raychem Pontoise S.A. | Fibre optic cables |
| GB2127170A (en) * | 1982-09-15 | 1984-04-04 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Fibre optic cables |
| US4676588A (en) * | 1983-06-01 | 1987-06-30 | Amp Incorporated | Fiber optic connector |
| EP0285784A1 (en) * | 1987-03-31 | 1988-10-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Fibre-optical connection and method of its production |
-
1978
- 1978-12-20 GB GB7849253A patent/GB2038015B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2494453A1 (en) * | 1980-11-14 | 1982-05-21 | Int Standard Electric Corp | PROCESS FOR RECONSTITUTION OF THE OUTER SHEATH IN PLASTIC ON A SPLIC OF OPTICAL FIBERS |
| EP0092441A1 (en) * | 1982-04-20 | 1983-10-26 | Raychem Pontoise S.A. | Fibre optic cables |
| GB2127170A (en) * | 1982-09-15 | 1984-04-04 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Fibre optic cables |
| US4676588A (en) * | 1983-06-01 | 1987-06-30 | Amp Incorporated | Fiber optic connector |
| EP0285784A1 (en) * | 1987-03-31 | 1988-10-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Fibre-optical connection and method of its production |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2038015B (en) | 1982-10-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4290668A (en) | Fiber optic waveguide termination and method of forming same | |
| US4711518A (en) | Fiber optic connector | |
| ES2020367A6 (en) | High strength optical fiber splice. | |
| CA1311349C (en) | Method of splicing fibers | |
| GB2038015A (en) | Splicing and termination of optical fibres | |
| GB2022859A (en) | Fibre Optic Splice | |
| GB2148537A (en) | Optical fibre splicing | |
| US6074511A (en) | Method of joining plastic optical fibers to each other | |
| Egashira et al. | Optical fiber splicing with a low-power CO2 laser | |
| EP0164784A1 (en) | Method of interconnecting optical fibres | |
| US4919851A (en) | Process for producing an optical coupler for polymer optical waveguides | |
| US11886009B2 (en) | Coating fusion spliced optical fibers and subsequent processing methods thereof | |
| GB2038016A (en) | Optical fibre splices and terminations | |
| US5185832A (en) | Optical coupler for polymer optical waveguides | |
| DK461383A (en) | PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURING AND CONTROL OF MELT-SPECIFIED FIBER COMPOUNDS, AND COLLECTIONS MADE IN THIS WAY | |
| EP0139171A2 (en) | Apparatus for aligning optical fibers | |
| EP0239702A3 (en) | Optical fibre splicer reinstatement sheathing | |
| JPH0573202B2 (en) | ||
| WO2023165029A1 (en) | Hot-melt-type quick optical fiber connector | |
| GB2183360A (en) | Optical fibre termination having heat sink | |
| JPS61219010A (en) | Connecting method for plastic clad optical fiber | |
| JPH09325225A (en) | Light guide unit | |
| GB2175410A (en) | Optical fibre fusion splicing | |
| CN216848251U (en) | FC hot-melt type optical fiber quick connector | |
| JP2004117443A (en) | Optical fiber coupler |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |