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GB2064163A - Electro-Optical Cable - Google Patents

Electro-Optical Cable Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2064163A
GB2064163A GB8038333A GB8038333A GB2064163A GB 2064163 A GB2064163 A GB 2064163A GB 8038333 A GB8038333 A GB 8038333A GB 8038333 A GB8038333 A GB 8038333A GB 2064163 A GB2064163 A GB 2064163A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
optical fibre
cable
optical
cable according
fibre
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB8038333A
Other versions
GB2064163B (en
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Associated Electrical Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Associated Electrical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Associated Electrical Industries Ltd filed Critical Associated Electrical Industries Ltd
Priority to GB8038333A priority Critical patent/GB2064163B/en
Publication of GB2064163A publication Critical patent/GB2064163A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2064163B publication Critical patent/GB2064163B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4479Manufacturing methods of optical cables
    • G02B6/4486Protective covering
    • G02B6/4488Protective covering using metallic tubes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401Optical cables
    • G02B6/4415Cables for special applications
    • G02B6/4416Heterogeneous cables
    • G02B6/4422Heterogeneous cables of the overhead type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B5/00Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B5/08Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope
    • H01B5/10Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope stranded around a space, insulating material, or dissimilar conducting material
    • H01B5/108Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope stranded around a space, insulating material, or dissimilar conducting material stranded around communication or control conductors

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)

Abstract

An electro-optical cable, suitable for use as an overhead conductor which is required to carry one or more optical transmission channels, consists of a plurality of conducting wires 1,2,3, constituting a single stranded conductor, helically wound and closely packed around an optical cable 1, with an outer sheath if required. The optical cable 1 includes one or more optical fibre units, each consisting of one or more optical fibre waveguides 5, loosely disposed in a polymeric tube 6, the unit(s) being helically wound around a central elongate strength member 8 and surrounded by an extruded sheath 9 of polymeric material of sufficient elasticity to enable the sheath to stretch to the same extent as the stranded conductor. Additional strength members 7 may be included in the optical cable, helically laid with the optical fibre units and/or embedded in the tube walls 6, and the tubes may be filled with a thixotropic fluid. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Electro-optical Cables This invention relates to electro-optical cables including in their construction a stranded electrical conductor, that is to say a conductor composed of a plurality of conducting wires, and one or more optical transmission channels.
According to the invention, an electro-optical cable consists of a core constituted by an optical fibre cable, and a plurality of electrically conducting wires, constituting a single stranded electrical conductor, helically wound and closely packed around the optical fibre cable, the said optical fibre cable including a central elongate strength member, one or more optical fibre units each consisting of one or more optical fibre waveguides loosely disposed in the bore of a tube of synthetic polymeric material, which unit or units is or are helically wound around the said strength member, and, surrounding the wound optical fibre unit or units, an extruded sheath of polymeric material which possesses sufficient elasticity to enable the sheath to stretch longitudinally at least to the same extent as that of which the stranded conductor is capable.
The term "loosely", as used herein with reference to the disposition of the optical fibre or fibres in the containing tube of each unit, is to be understood to mean that the bore of the tube is of sufficiently large cross-section to permit freedom of movement of the fibre, or of each individual fibre, within the tube, in both radial and axial directions. Such loose containment of the optical fibres is advantageous in that it reduces optical losses, due to microbending of the fibres, in operation of the waveguides.
The optical fibre waveguide or waveguides may be of either the monomode or multimode type, and may be of any desired composition and structure, having either a step refractive index profile or a graded refractive index profile, as required. One preferred form of optical fibre waveguide is composed of glass or vitreous silica and is provided in known manner with a protective covering of synthetic resin, which may consist of a thin coating of a relatively hard resin, such as polyurethane resin, or a thicker buffer coating of a relatively soft resin, such as a silicone, overlaid by a thinner jacket of harder resin, in either case the coated fibre being loosely contained in a surrounding tube.Each tube containing an optical fibre or fibres is suitably composed of amorphous nylon, or a meltprocessable polyester, or a fluoropolymer, and may if desired be filled with a thixotropic fluid, for example a coiloidal suspension of silica powder in silicone oil.
The optical fibre cable may, if desired, include one or more strength members in addition to the central strength member, the additional strength member or members being helically laid, with the optical fibre unit or units, around the central strength member. The central and additional strength members may consist of metal wire, or rods of polymeric material or, preferably, may be composed of aromatic polyamide yarns impregnated with resin. The strength members preferably have an elastic modulus equal to or greater than that of the fibre-containing tube material. Further if desired one or more reinforcing filaments may be embedded in the wall of the fibre-containing tube of each optical fibre unit.
The helical winding of the optical fibre unit or units around a central strength member in the optical fibre cable allows the electro-optical cable to be stretched longitudinally to an appreciable extent without introducing strain into the optical fibre or fibres, thus preventing an increase in optical losses which would result from fibre strain; this effect is enhanced by the loose disposition of the fibres in the surrounding tubes.
The degree of stretching of the electro-optical cable which is permissible without any strain being transmitted to the optical fibre or fibres depends upon the initial pitch of the fibre unit helix or helices, and upon the bore diameter of the fibre-containing tube or tubes. The sheath of the optical fibre cable must possess some elasticity, as aforesaid, to ensure that when the electrooptical cable is stretched to an extent permitted by the helical winding of the stranded conductor, the optical cable sheath will stretch to a similar extent, and also to ensure that the sheath will return to its initial length on relaxation of the cable.The sheath may be formed, for example, of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, or of any other extrudable polymer which has a melting point lower than that of the fibre-containing tube material, to enable the sheath to be extruded over the preformed assembly of optical fibre unit or units wound around the central strength member.
An electro-optical cable in accordance with the invention is suitable for use, for example, as an overhead earth conductor which is required to carry one or more optical transmission channels, the optical fibre cable being protected by the surrounding electrical conductor wires from damage resulting from external forces or weather conditions. Preferably the stranded conducting wires are arranged in two or more layers helically laid around the optical fibre cable, and the interstices between the conductor wires, including spaces between the layers, are preferably filled with a viscous greasy medium which acts as a water repellent.
If desired the electro-optical cable may be provided with a protective outer sheath consisting of one or more layers of elastomeric material and/or tape, covering the assembly of stranded conductor wires.
A specific form of electro-optical cable in accordance with the invention will now be described by way of example, with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawing, which shows a cross-section of the cable on an enlarged scale.
The cable shown in the drawing consists of a stranded overhead earth conductor for the electricity supply grid, incorporating an optical fibre cable 1 accommodated in a central cavity through the stranded conductor. The conductor is composed of three closely packed stranded layers of aluminium alloy wires 2, 3, 4, helically wound around the optical fibre cable with a pitch of 1 5 to 30 cm, the layers 2 and 4 being arranged in a direction of lay opposite to that of the middle layer 3. The wires may be composed, for example, of an aluminium-magnesium-silicon alloy as specified in British Standard 3242,1970. The interstices between the individual wires, and between the inner layer 2 of the wires and the optical cable 1, are filled with a suitable grease of any known type.
The optical fibre cable 1 includes four optical fibre units each consisting of a single polyurethane-coated silica-based fibre waveguide 5, loosely disposed in the bore of an extruded amorphous nylon tube 6. The units, together with four strength members 7, arranged alternately with the optical fibre units, are helically stranded around a central strength member 8, with a pitch of 10 cm, and the assembly of optical fibre units and strength members is surrounded by a polyethylene sheath 9. The strength members 7 and 8 consist of aromatic polyamide yarns sold under the Registered Trade Mark "Kevlar 49", stranded and impregnated with acrylic resin in such manner that the individual filaments of the yarns are coated with the resin.
In a specific example of a cable of the form described above with reference to the drawing, the resin-coated optical fibres 5 have a diameter of 1 50 microns, the containing tubes 6 have an internal diameter of 1.5 mm and an external diameter of 2.7 mm, and the sheath 9 has an external diameter of 7.7 mm and is 0.5 mm thick.
The conductor wires 2, 3, 4 are 3 mm in diameter.
In the manufacture of the cable shown in the drawing, the optical fibres are drawn from preform rods composed of silica containing a dopant for modifying the refractive index in a desired manner, and are immediately coated with polyurethane resin, preferably containing a filler such as carbon powder. The nylon tube are extruded over the resin-coated fibres, using an extruder head provided with means for forming a bore of the requisite cross-section in the extruded tube. The optical fibre units so formed, with the strength members 7, are helically stranded around the strength member 8 by a conventional stranding technique, and the sheath 9 is then extruded over the assembly of fibre units and strength members. The three layers of conductor wires are then applied over the sheath 9, again using conventional stranding procedure, the grease being incorporated in the wire assembly during the winding thereof.
We have found that the operation of the optical fibre cable, in the electro-optical cable of the example, is not affected by the application of external pressure to the surrounding stranded conductor, for example by cable anchor clamps.

Claims (12)

Claims
1. An electro-optical cable consisting of a core constituted by an optical fibre cable, and a plurality of electrically conducting wires, constituting a single stranded electrical conductor, helically wound and closely packed around the optical fibre cable, the said optical fibre cable including a central elongate strength member, one or more optical fibre units each consisting of one or more optical fibre waveguides loosely disposed in the bore of a tube of synthetic polymeric material, which unit or units is or are helically wound around the said strength member, and, surrounding the wound optical fibre unit or units, an extruded sheath of polymeric material which possesses sufficient elasticity to enable the sheath to stretch longitudinally to the same extent as that of which the stranded conductor is capable.
2. A cable according to Claim 1, wherein each optical fibre waveguide is composed of glass or vitreous silica and is provided with a protective covering of synthetic resin.
3. A cable according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the fibre-containing tube of each said optical fibre unit is composed of amorphous nylon, or a meltprocessable polyester, or a fluoropolymer.
4. A cable according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the fibre-containing tube of each said optical fibre unit is filled with a thixotropic fluid.
5. A cable according to any preceding Claim, wherein the said optical fibre cable includes one or more additional strength members helically laid, with the optical fibre unit or units, around the central strength member.
6. A cable according to any preceding Claim, wherein the strength member or members included in the optical fibre cable is or are composed or aromatic polyamide yarns impregnated with resin.
7. A cable according to any preceding Claim, wherein the strength member, or each strength member, included in the optical fibre cable has an elastic modulus equal to or greater than that of the fibre-containing tube material.
8. A cable according to any preceding Claim, wherein each optical fibre unit includes one or more reinforcing filaments embedded in the wall of the fibre-containing tube.
9. A cable according to any preceding Claim, wherein the stranded conducting wires are arranged in two or more layers helically laid around the optical fibre cable.
10. A cable according to any preceding Claim, wherein the interstices between the conducting wires are filled with a viscous greasy medium.
11. A cable according to any preceding Claim, which includes a protective outer sheath consisting of one or more layers of elastomeric material and/or tape, covering the stranded conductor wires.
12. An electro-optical cable according to Claim 1 substantially as shown in, and as hereinbefore described with reference to, the accompanying drawing.
GB8038333A 1979-11-28 1980-11-28 Electro-optical cable Expired GB2064163B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8038333A GB2064163B (en) 1979-11-28 1980-11-28 Electro-optical cable

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7941112 1979-11-28
GB8038333A GB2064163B (en) 1979-11-28 1980-11-28 Electro-optical cable

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2064163A true GB2064163A (en) 1981-06-10
GB2064163B GB2064163B (en) 1983-10-12

Family

ID=26273715

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8038333A Expired GB2064163B (en) 1979-11-28 1980-11-28 Electro-optical cable

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2064163B (en)

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2511161A1 (en) * 1981-08-05 1983-02-11 Foptica OPTICAL CABLE FOR SUPPORTING HIGH PRESSURES
GB2160676A (en) * 1984-06-14 1985-12-24 Bicc Plc Flexible overhead electric conductor containing optical fibre
WO1986004691A1 (en) * 1985-01-31 1986-08-14 American Telephone & Telegraph Company Cables containing grease composition
DE3518909A1 (en) * 1985-05-25 1986-11-27 Felten & Guilleaume Energie STRONG POWER CABLE, ESPECIALLY FOR VOLTAGES FROM 6 TO 60 KV, WITH INSERTED FOCUS
GB2177231A (en) * 1985-06-28 1987-01-14 Fujikura Ltd A composite overhead cable structure for electric and optical transmission
EP0255848A1 (en) * 1986-08-08 1988-02-17 KABEL- und DRAHTWERKE Aktiengesellschaft Optical cable
EP0256704A1 (en) * 1986-08-07 1988-02-24 Telephone Cables Limited Optical cables
GB2213958A (en) * 1987-12-17 1989-08-23 Telephone Cables Ltd Optical fibre cable
US4944570A (en) * 1987-02-18 1990-07-31 Alcatel Na, Inc. Fiber optic cable having an extended elongation window
GB2233112A (en) * 1989-03-06 1991-01-02 Telephone Cables Ltd Optical fibre cable
DE4434618A1 (en) * 1994-09-28 1996-04-04 Norddeutsche Seekabelwerke Ag Submarine cable
WO2002079846A1 (en) * 2001-01-26 2002-10-10 Alcoa Fujikura Ltd. Optical fiber cable
US6658187B2 (en) 2001-01-26 2003-12-02 Alcoa Fujikura Limited Optical fiber cable assembly with interstitial support members
US7401961B2 (en) * 2002-05-02 2008-07-22 Fatzer Ag Luminous wire rope
US8798417B2 (en) 2012-09-26 2014-08-05 Corning Cable Systems Llc Binder film for a fiber optic cable
US8805144B1 (en) 2013-09-24 2014-08-12 Corning Optical Communications LLC Stretchable fiber optic cable
US8913862B1 (en) * 2013-09-27 2014-12-16 Corning Optical Communications LLC Optical communication cable
US9075212B2 (en) 2013-09-24 2015-07-07 Corning Optical Communications LLC Stretchable fiber optic cable
US9091830B2 (en) 2012-09-26 2015-07-28 Corning Cable Systems Llc Binder film for a fiber optic cable
US9140867B1 (en) 2013-08-09 2015-09-22 Corning Optical Communications LLC Armored optical fiber cable
US9547147B2 (en) 2013-12-20 2017-01-17 Corning Optical Communications LLC Fiber optic cable with extruded tape
US9594226B2 (en) 2013-10-18 2017-03-14 Corning Optical Communications LLC Optical fiber cable with reinforcement
EP3297000A1 (en) * 2016-09-15 2018-03-21 Fogang Xinyuan Hengye Cable Technology Co. Ltd. Flexible fiber and resin composite core overhead wire and production method thereof
US11287589B2 (en) 2012-09-26 2022-03-29 Corning Optical Communications LLC Binder film for a fiber optic cable

Cited By (47)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2511161A1 (en) * 1981-08-05 1983-02-11 Foptica OPTICAL CABLE FOR SUPPORTING HIGH PRESSURES
GB2160676A (en) * 1984-06-14 1985-12-24 Bicc Plc Flexible overhead electric conductor containing optical fibre
WO1986004691A1 (en) * 1985-01-31 1986-08-14 American Telephone & Telegraph Company Cables containing grease composition
DE3518909A1 (en) * 1985-05-25 1986-11-27 Felten & Guilleaume Energie STRONG POWER CABLE, ESPECIALLY FOR VOLTAGES FROM 6 TO 60 KV, WITH INSERTED FOCUS
GB2177231B (en) * 1985-06-28 1989-07-26 Fujikura Ltd A composite overhead cable structure for electric and optical transmission
GB2177231A (en) * 1985-06-28 1987-01-14 Fujikura Ltd A composite overhead cable structure for electric and optical transmission
EP0256704A1 (en) * 1986-08-07 1988-02-24 Telephone Cables Limited Optical cables
US4822133A (en) * 1986-08-07 1989-04-18 Telephone Cables Limited Optical cables
AU601461B2 (en) * 1986-08-07 1990-09-13 Telephone Cables Limited Optical aerial cable
EP0255848A1 (en) * 1986-08-08 1988-02-17 KABEL- und DRAHTWERKE Aktiengesellschaft Optical cable
US4944570A (en) * 1987-02-18 1990-07-31 Alcatel Na, Inc. Fiber optic cable having an extended elongation window
GB2213958A (en) * 1987-12-17 1989-08-23 Telephone Cables Ltd Optical fibre cable
GB2213958B (en) * 1987-12-17 1991-07-03 Telephone Cables Ltd Optical fibre cable
GB2233112A (en) * 1989-03-06 1991-01-02 Telephone Cables Ltd Optical fibre cable
US5050958A (en) * 1989-03-06 1991-09-24 Telephone Cables Limited Optical fibre cable
GB2233112B (en) * 1989-03-06 1993-01-20 Telephone Cables Ltd Optical fibre cable
DE4434618A1 (en) * 1994-09-28 1996-04-04 Norddeutsche Seekabelwerke Ag Submarine cable
WO2002079846A1 (en) * 2001-01-26 2002-10-10 Alcoa Fujikura Ltd. Optical fiber cable
US6658187B2 (en) 2001-01-26 2003-12-02 Alcoa Fujikura Limited Optical fiber cable assembly with interstitial support members
US7401961B2 (en) * 2002-05-02 2008-07-22 Fatzer Ag Luminous wire rope
US12287522B2 (en) 2012-09-26 2025-04-29 Corning Optical Communications LLC Binder film for a fiber optic cable
US9435972B2 (en) 2012-09-26 2016-09-06 Corning Optical Communications LLC Binder film for a fiber optic cable
US11287589B2 (en) 2012-09-26 2022-03-29 Corning Optical Communications LLC Binder film for a fiber optic cable
US9733443B2 (en) 2012-09-26 2017-08-15 Corning Optical Communications LLC Binder film for a fiber optic cable
US9091830B2 (en) 2012-09-26 2015-07-28 Corning Cable Systems Llc Binder film for a fiber optic cable
US9097875B1 (en) 2012-09-26 2015-08-04 Corning Optical Communications LLC Binder film for a fiber optic cable
US11860430B2 (en) 2012-09-26 2024-01-02 Corning Optical Communications LLC Binder film for a fiber optic cable
US8798417B2 (en) 2012-09-26 2014-08-05 Corning Cable Systems Llc Binder film for a fiber optic cable
US9482839B2 (en) 2013-08-09 2016-11-01 Corning Cable Systems Llc Optical fiber cable with anti-split feature
US9140867B1 (en) 2013-08-09 2015-09-22 Corning Optical Communications LLC Armored optical fiber cable
US9791652B2 (en) 2013-08-09 2017-10-17 Corning Optical Communications LLC Armored optical fiber cable
US10254494B2 (en) 2013-08-09 2019-04-09 Corning Optical Communications LLC Armored optical fiber cable
US10578820B2 (en) 2013-08-09 2020-03-03 Corning Optical Communications LLC Armored optical fiber cable
US8805144B1 (en) 2013-09-24 2014-08-12 Corning Optical Communications LLC Stretchable fiber optic cable
US9075212B2 (en) 2013-09-24 2015-07-07 Corning Optical Communications LLC Stretchable fiber optic cable
US8913862B1 (en) * 2013-09-27 2014-12-16 Corning Optical Communications LLC Optical communication cable
US10539756B2 (en) 2013-09-27 2020-01-21 Corning Optical Communications LLC Optical communication cable
US10914907B2 (en) 2013-09-27 2021-02-09 Corning Optical Communications LLC Optical communication cable
US11409064B2 (en) 2013-09-27 2022-08-09 Corning Optical Communications LLC Optical communication cable
US11880078B2 (en) 2013-09-27 2024-01-23 Corning Optical Communications LLC Optical communication cable
US9927588B2 (en) 2013-10-18 2018-03-27 Corning Optical Communications LLC Optical fiber cable with reinforcement
US11353669B2 (en) 2013-10-18 2022-06-07 Corning Optical Communications LLC Optical fiber cable with reinforcement
US11822139B2 (en) 2013-10-18 2023-11-21 Corning Optical Communications LLC Optical fiber cable with reinforcement
US9594226B2 (en) 2013-10-18 2017-03-14 Corning Optical Communications LLC Optical fiber cable with reinforcement
US12210201B2 (en) 2013-10-18 2025-01-28 Corning Optical Communications LLC Optical fiber cable with reinforcement
US9547147B2 (en) 2013-12-20 2017-01-17 Corning Optical Communications LLC Fiber optic cable with extruded tape
EP3297000A1 (en) * 2016-09-15 2018-03-21 Fogang Xinyuan Hengye Cable Technology Co. Ltd. Flexible fiber and resin composite core overhead wire and production method thereof

Also Published As

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
732 Registration of transactions, instruments or events in the register (sect. 32/1977)
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee