GB149320A - Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of ethers of cellulose or of its conversion products and derivatives - Google Patents
Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of ethers of cellulose or of its conversion products and derivativesInfo
- Publication number
- GB149320A GB149320A GB13568/20A GB1356820A GB149320A GB 149320 A GB149320 A GB 149320A GB 13568/20 A GB13568/20 A GB 13568/20A GB 1356820 A GB1356820 A GB 1356820A GB 149320 A GB149320 A GB 149320A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- water
- alkali
- ethers
- necessary
- excess
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 title abstract 7
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 title abstract 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 title abstract 6
- 239000012084 conversion product Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 22
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 12
- 238000006266 etherification reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 2
- -1 aralkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001202 Inulin Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002097 Lichenin Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- DENRZWYUOJLTMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl sulfate Chemical compound CCOS(=O)(=O)OCC DENRZWYUOJLTMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- JYJIGFIDKWBXDU-MNNPPOADSA-N inulin Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)OC[C@]1(OC[C@]2(OC[C@]3(OC[C@]4(OC[C@]5(OC[C@]6(OC[C@]7(OC[C@]8(OC[C@]9(OC[C@]%10(OC[C@]%11(OC[C@]%12(OC[C@]%13(OC[C@]%14(OC[C@]%15(OC[C@]%16(OC[C@]%17(OC[C@]%18(OC[C@]%19(OC[C@]%20(OC[C@]%21(OC[C@]%22(OC[C@]%23(OC[C@]%24(OC[C@]%25(OC[C@]%26(OC[C@]%27(OC[C@]%28(OC[C@]%29(OC[C@]%30(OC[C@]%31(OC[C@]%32(OC[C@]%33(OC[C@]%34(OC[C@]%35(OC[C@]%36(O[C@@H]%37[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%37)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%36)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%35)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%34)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%33)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%32)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%31)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%30)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%29)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%28)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%27)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%26)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%25)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%24)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%23)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%22)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%21)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%20)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%19)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%18)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%17)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%16)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%15)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%14)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%13)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%12)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%11)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%10)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O9)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O8)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O7)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O6)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O5)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O4)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O3)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 JYJIGFIDKWBXDU-MNNPPOADSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940029339 inulin Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B11/00—Preparation of cellulose ethers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
Abstract
The more highly etherified ethyl, methyl, benzyl, and other alkyl and aralkyl ethers of cellulose, or of its conversion products or derivatives, are prepared from the lower ethers by conducting the further etherification in the absence of water or in the presence of an amount of water not exceeding five times the weight of the cellulose used as the primary material. For the further etherification, a large excess of alkali is not required, and a quantity calculated on the amount of etherifying-agent present is sufficient; an excess of alkali may, however, be employed, in which case the amount of etherifying-agent required is less than that necessary when considerable quantities of water are present. The products obtained are distinguished by their resistance to cold water and by their solubility in a large number of volatile solvents. The lower ethers may first be isolated from the primary reaction mixtures, as for example by precipitation with hot water, alcohol, alcohol-ether, or acetone; or the further etherification may be carried out in the primary mixture after complete or partial removal of the excess of water; and if only a small excess of alkali is to be employed this may be incorporated in the mixture before the water is driven off, provided that care is taken, as by the use of a low temperature, not to damage the ether. The removal of the water may be effected at atmospheric or reduced pressure, with or without heating, and it is facilitated by energetic stirring or kneading; depending on the proportion of water driven off, a paste or powdery mass is obtained. For the further etherification, the finely-divided or pasty material is mixed if necessary with an additional quantity of alkali hydroxide, added at once or in small quantities; the etherifying-agent is added and the mixture heated, or it is added slowly with heating; the ether is separated by the addition of water, acidified if necessary, collected, washed with dilute acid if necessary, and then with water, and dried. By-products such as alcohols, ethers, &c. may be distilled off during or after the etherification, or may be recovered from the reaction mixture either by steam distillation or by extraction with suitable solvents. In an example, the preparation of an ethyl ether of cellulose is described in which a viscose or an alkali- or hydro-cellulose and diethyl sulphate are the primary reacting materials. Specifications 12854/12, 6035/13, and 14339/14 are referred to.ALSO:The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) includes the preparation of the more highly etherified ethyl, methyl, benzyl and other alkyl and aralkyl ethers of carbohydrates of the general formula (t6H10O5) such as starch, dextrin, lichenin, and inulin, by conducting the further etherification of the lower ethers in the absence of water or in the presence of only moderate amounts of water. For the further etherification a large excess of alkali is not required, and a quantity calculated on the amount of etherifying-agent present is sufficient; an excess of alkali may, however, be employed, in which case the amount of etherifying-agent required is less than that necessary when considerable quantities of water are present. The products obtained are distinguished by their resistance to cold water and by their solubility in a large number of volatile solvents. The lower ethers may first be isolated from the primary reaction mixtures, as, for example, by precipitation with hot water, alcohol, alcohol-ether, or acetone; or the further etherification may be carried out in the primary reaction mixture after complete or partial removal of the excess of water; and if only a small excess of alkali is to be employed this may be incorporated in the mixture before the water is driven on, provided that care is taken as by the use of a low temperature, not to damage the ether. The removal of the water may be effected at atmospheric or reduced pressure, with or without heating, and it is facilitated by energetic stirring or kneading; depending on the proportion of water driven off, a paste or powdery mass is obtained. For the further etherification, the finely-divided or pasty material is mixed if necessary with an additional quantity of alkali hydroxide, added at once or in small quantities; the etherifying-agent is added and the mixture heated, or it is added slowly with heating; the ether is separated by the addition of water, acidified if necessary, collected, washed with dilute acid if necessary and then with water, and dried. By-products such as alcohols, ethers, &c. may be distilled off during or after the etherification, or may be recovered from the reaction mixture either by steam distillation or by extraction with suitable solvents. Specifications 12854/12, 6035/13, and 14339/14, [all in Class 2 (ii), Cellulose &c.], are referred to. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT149320X | 1919-08-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB149320A true GB149320A (en) | 1921-11-17 |
Family
ID=3645567
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB13568/20A Expired GB149320A (en) | 1919-08-06 | 1920-05-17 | Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of ethers of cellulose or of its conversion products and derivatives |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB149320A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109152375A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2019-01-04 | 图蒂食品公司 | Particle |
-
1920
- 1920-05-17 GB GB13568/20A patent/GB149320A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109152375A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2019-01-04 | 图蒂食品公司 | Particle |
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