GB1386611A - Protection of graphite electrodes - Google Patents
Protection of graphite electrodesInfo
- Publication number
- GB1386611A GB1386611A GB3383972A GB3383972A GB1386611A GB 1386611 A GB1386611 A GB 1386611A GB 3383972 A GB3383972 A GB 3383972A GB 3383972 A GB3383972 A GB 3383972A GB 1386611 A GB1386611 A GB 1386611A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- coating
- furnace
- clamp
- matrix
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 10
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminium flouride Chemical compound F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract 2
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910011255 B2O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910026551 ZrC Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- OTCHGXYCWNXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Zr] Chemical compound [C].[Zr] OTCHGXYCWNXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000318 alkali metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- VGTPKLINSHNZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoborinic acid Chemical compound OB=O VGTPKLINSHNZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 sodium borate Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5053—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials non-oxide ceramics
- C04B41/5057—Carbides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/87—Ceramics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
- H05B7/02—Details
- H05B7/12—Arrangements for cooling, sealing or protecting electrodes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Discharge Heating (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
1386611 Coated electrodes FOSECO INTERNATIONAL Ltd 27 Nov 1972 [26 Nov 1971 19 July 1972] 55128/71 and 33839/72 Heading B2E [Also in Divisions C1 C7 and H5] A graphite arc furnace electrode which is supplied with electric current for heating has a protective coating over its entire surface except that which is intended to make electrical contact with the electrode clamp. The coating comprises 15-90% by weight of a matrix material having a melting point below 1000‹C and which is a graphite melting material, and 10-85% by weight of a refractory filler. In an arm furnace in which an electrode is supplied with current through an electrode clamp and fed into the furnace, the portion of the electrode in contact with the clamp is uncoated. The coating may be applied as the electrode is being lowered into the furnace or alternatively it may be coated, except for the surface to be engaged by the clamp, away from the furnace. The coating may be applied automatically on raising or lowering the electrode through a spray ring or a system of individual jets between the electrode clamp and the furnace chamber. The coating may be applied as a powder onto a hot electrode or a suspension on to a hot or cold electrode by spraying, brushing, dipping, rolling, or smearing. The coating application may be assisted electrostatically. The electrode may be heated in the furnace or may be heated before or after application of the coating by, flame, induction, microwave or infra red heating. The coating comprises the matrix having a melting point below 1000‹C and a refractory filler and which may be suspended and dissolved in a liquid carrier e.g. water. After heating the matrix fuses so that in use it forms with the filler a liquid or plastic impermeable layer. Matrices may be boric oxide, metaboric acid, boric acid, salts of these acids e.g. sodium borate, or vanadium pentoxide. Alternatively the matrices may be combinations of glaze forming materials e.g. phosphates, fluorides, silicates e.g. alkali metal phosphates, aluminium ortho phosphate, alkali metal silicates, glass, calcium fluoride, sodium aluminium fluoride, sodium borofluoride. Combinations of matrix materials may be used. Chrome ore may be added to certain of these materials to improve wetting of the graphite. Fillers may be refractory oxides, carbides, nitrides or borides such as chromic oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, silicon carbide, zirconium carbide, tungsten carbide, boron nitride, titanium boride or zirconium boride. 80% of the filler particles are less than 0.5mm preferably less than 0.2mm and more preferably 0.06mm. Small percentages e.g. less than 10% of refractory fibrous material e.g. asbestos lagwool, glass fibre or aluminosilicate fibre may be incorporated in the coating. More than one layer of coating material may be applied and a referred furnace electrode may be removed at intervals to have a further coating applied.
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB3383972A GB1386611A (en) | 1971-11-26 | 1972-07-19 | Protection of graphite electrodes |
| FR7241458A FR2165896B1 (en) | 1971-11-26 | 1972-11-22 | |
| IT7071372A IT975860B (en) | 1971-11-26 | 1972-11-24 | PROCEDURE FOR THE PROTECTION OF CARBON PARTS PARTICULARLY OF GRAPHITE ELECTRODES AGAINST OS SIDATION AT HIGH TEMPERATURES |
| SE1537172A SE398589B (en) | 1971-11-26 | 1972-11-24 | PROCEDURE FOR PROTECTING LIGHT BACK OVEN ELECTRODES |
| DE19722257863 DE2257863A1 (en) | 1971-11-26 | 1972-11-25 | COATING MATERIAL TO PROTECT GRAPHITE ELECTRODES |
| ES408986A ES408986A1 (en) | 1971-11-26 | 1972-11-25 | Protection of graphite electrodes |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB5512871 | 1971-11-26 | ||
| GB3383972A GB1386611A (en) | 1971-11-26 | 1972-07-19 | Protection of graphite electrodes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1386611A true GB1386611A (en) | 1975-03-12 |
Family
ID=26262042
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB3383972A Expired GB1386611A (en) | 1971-11-26 | 1972-07-19 | Protection of graphite electrodes |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE2257863A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES408986A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2165896B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1386611A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT975860B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE398589B (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4435510A (en) | 1982-03-20 | 1984-03-06 | Foseco Trading A.G. | Protection of graphite electrodes |
| EP0092649A3 (en) * | 1982-04-28 | 1984-03-07 | C. CONRADTY NÜRNBERG GmbH & Co. KG | Process for depositing powdery material containing graphite and synthetic resin on a carbon electrode with metallic coating, particularly on a graphite electrode |
| US4438515A (en) | 1981-06-26 | 1984-03-20 | Foseco Trading A.G. | Protection of graphite electrodes |
| EP0070100A3 (en) * | 1981-06-26 | 1985-02-06 | Foseco Trading A.G. | Protection of graphite electrodes |
| US4824733A (en) * | 1986-04-25 | 1989-04-25 | Canadian Patents And Development Limited/Societe | Anti-oxidant barrier for carbon based material |
| RU2323916C2 (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2008-05-10 | Снекма Пропюльсьон Солид | Protecting composite parts from oxidation |
| EP2330868A1 (en) | 2009-12-03 | 2011-06-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Electrode for an arc furnace and method for its manufacture |
| US20160123577A1 (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2016-05-05 | Clearsign Combustion Corporation | Solid fuel system with electrodynamic combustion control |
| US20200196404A1 (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2020-06-18 | Chemtreat, Inc. | Methods of protecting furnace electrodes with cooling liquid that contains an additive |
| CN112661515A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-16 | 江苏集芯半导体硅材料研究院有限公司 | SiC-ZrC-B4C-ZrB2-BN composite coating of heater for monocrystalline silicon furnace and preparation method |
| US11979968B2 (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2024-05-07 | Chemtreat, Inc. | Spray cooling furnace electrodes with a cooling liquid that contains surfactants |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4265968A (en) * | 1979-07-02 | 1981-05-05 | United Technologies Corporation | High strength, high thermally conductive articles |
| JPS606315B2 (en) * | 1981-02-13 | 1985-02-16 | 工業技術院長 | glass impregnated carbon material |
| US4567103A (en) * | 1983-07-28 | 1986-01-28 | Union Carbide Corporation | Carbonaceous articles having oxidation prohibitive coatings thereon |
-
1972
- 1972-07-19 GB GB3383972A patent/GB1386611A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-11-22 FR FR7241458A patent/FR2165896B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1972-11-24 IT IT7071372A patent/IT975860B/en active
- 1972-11-24 SE SE1537172A patent/SE398589B/en unknown
- 1972-11-25 DE DE19722257863 patent/DE2257863A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1972-11-25 ES ES408986A patent/ES408986A1/en not_active Expired
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4438515A (en) | 1981-06-26 | 1984-03-20 | Foseco Trading A.G. | Protection of graphite electrodes |
| EP0070100A3 (en) * | 1981-06-26 | 1985-02-06 | Foseco Trading A.G. | Protection of graphite electrodes |
| US4435510A (en) | 1982-03-20 | 1984-03-06 | Foseco Trading A.G. | Protection of graphite electrodes |
| EP0092649A3 (en) * | 1982-04-28 | 1984-03-07 | C. CONRADTY NÜRNBERG GmbH & Co. KG | Process for depositing powdery material containing graphite and synthetic resin on a carbon electrode with metallic coating, particularly on a graphite electrode |
| US4824733A (en) * | 1986-04-25 | 1989-04-25 | Canadian Patents And Development Limited/Societe | Anti-oxidant barrier for carbon based material |
| RU2323916C2 (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2008-05-10 | Снекма Пропюльсьон Солид | Protecting composite parts from oxidation |
| EP2330868A1 (en) | 2009-12-03 | 2011-06-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Electrode for an arc furnace and method for its manufacture |
| US20160123577A1 (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2016-05-05 | Clearsign Combustion Corporation | Solid fuel system with electrodynamic combustion control |
| US20200196404A1 (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2020-06-18 | Chemtreat, Inc. | Methods of protecting furnace electrodes with cooling liquid that contains an additive |
| US10694592B1 (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2020-06-23 | Chemtreat, Inc. | Methods of protecting furnace electrodes with cooling liquid that contains an additive |
| US11140755B2 (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2021-10-05 | Chemtreat, Inc. | Methods of protecting furnace electrodes with cooling liquid that contains an additive |
| US11653426B2 (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2023-05-16 | Chemtreat, Inc. | Methods of protecting furnace electrodes with cooling liquid that contains an additive |
| US11979968B2 (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2024-05-07 | Chemtreat, Inc. | Spray cooling furnace electrodes with a cooling liquid that contains surfactants |
| US12150230B2 (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2024-11-19 | Chemtreat, Inc. | Methods of protecting furnace electrodes with cooling liquid that contains an additive |
| CN112661515A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-16 | 江苏集芯半导体硅材料研究院有限公司 | SiC-ZrC-B4C-ZrB2-BN composite coating of heater for monocrystalline silicon furnace and preparation method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT975860B (en) | 1974-08-10 |
| ES408986A1 (en) | 1976-03-16 |
| FR2165896A1 (en) | 1973-08-10 |
| DE2257863A1 (en) | 1973-05-30 |
| FR2165896B1 (en) | 1977-04-08 |
| SE398589B (en) | 1977-12-27 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |