FR3109785A1 - equipment for shoring prefabricated floors - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject of the invention is equipment for the shoring of a building element, such as a prefabricated floor, comprising at least one shoring carriage (1) having at least one carrier module (3) provided with at least one horizontal face (4) bearing against said construction element and connected, by means of mounting in vertical translation, to a rolling base (2). It is characterized in that said rolling base (2) is formed of two frames (7) extending one opposite the other in vertical parallel planes and interconnected by a spar (8) supporting means. bearing (9), while said means for mounting in vertical translation comprise at least two telescopic poles (12) each secured to one of the frames (7) and to the carrier module (3) Figure for the abstract: Fig. 1

Description

equipment for shoring up precast floors

The present invention relates to the field of construction and relates to equipment for shoring up precast concrete floors, allowing the laying of pre-slabs or alveolar slabs then the concreting of the compression slab.

As is well known, the many advantages, particularly of an economic nature, linked to the implementation of prefabricated concrete elements to build buildings for various purposes, collective or individual, have led to a continuous expansion of this method of construction and of the corresponding branch of activity in recent decades.

In order to support this growth, many developments have been made over time and have made it possible to gradually expand the range of products offered, to improve manufacturing processes but also to optimize installation operations and work. on building sites.

In this regard, it is well known that the implementation of prefabricated construction elements requires the mobilization of significant handling equipment, suitable for the transport and erection of often bulky and very heavy structures, this equipment including, among other things, equipment shoring.

With regard more particularly to the shoring of precast concrete floors, the current practice consists in using shoring towers, specifically designed to both allow appropriate load bearings and guarantee the safety of the workers, and between which beams are installed on which the floors rest.

Conventionally, shoring towers have a modular structure and are composed of a plurality of frames, diagonals, work floors, guardrail elements, and jacks, assembled together on site, in view to reach the expected height, which can extend according to the models, between 2 and 12 meters above the ground.

In other words, the implementation of these towers supposes a preliminary stage of assembly on site, during which their constituent elements are assembled together until reaching the height of structure necessary to allow shoring.

Due to the often high number of parts to be assembled, this assembly step has the disadvantage of being particularly tedious and time-consuming, which monopolizes a large workforce, and thus proves to be incompatible with the strong budgetary constraints of companies in the building, especially since it often requires the intervention of experienced workers capable of demonstrating the necessary dexterity.

Furthermore, the repeated handling of the multiple sections, frames, tubes, beams, etc., necessary for the erection of such shoring towers, each often weighing about fifteen kilograms, is not without consequences for the workers and is likely lead to more or less short-term musculoskeletal disorders leading to untimely work stoppages, or even disability situations. On the other hand, as such towers are erected, then the beams are installed between the various towers, the workers are required to carry out the corresponding work at heights that are sometimes quite high, and therefore not without risk. .

Also, logistical problems are often to be deplored, insofar as the constituent elements of these shoring towers are supplied, then kept in the event of absence of use, in the form of spare parts, in baskets that are not only painful to be moved but which also inadvertently clutter construction sites. In addition, such spare parts are regularly misplaced, and can then fail to obtain a complete tower structure or during subsequent assembly of the latter on a new site.

Moreover, each movement of a shoring tower from one site of use to another, for example from one floor of a building under construction to the upper floor, or between different worksites, implies its at least partial, or even complete, disassembly for its transport before re-assembly on the destination site, and consequently a repetition of the numerous difficulties already mentioned.

The object of the present invention is therefore to propose an alternative solution to the shoring towers conventionally used when laying prefabricated floors, making it possible to avoid all the drawbacks mentioned above.

In short, the present invention aims to provide equipment for shoring up prefabricated floors of a new type, making it possible to dispense with the repeated assembly/disassembly operations of its constituent elements and to limit them to the phases of delivery and withdrawal of equipment, this equipment having a reduced number of constituent elements so that said assembly/disassembly operations require limited manpower, and allow a more sustained rate for shorter construction times.

Furthermore, another object of the invention is to provide shoring equipment the entire assembly of which is carried out at a man's height, from the ground, and consequently makes it possible to avoid any work at height, potentially dangerous.

At the same time, an additional object of the invention is to provide equipment for shoring up prefabricated floors whose stability is ensured regardless of the height to be reached, and which is resistant to the mechanical stresses encountered, although having a lightened structure in terms of number of constituent elements.

To this end, the subject of the present invention is equipment for shoring up a construction element, such as a prefabricated floor, comprising at least one shoring carriage having at least one carrying module provided with at least one horizontal face bearing against the said construction element and connected, by means of assembly in vertical translation, to a rolling base, characterized in that the said rolling base is formed of two frames extending one in front of the another in vertical parallel planes and interconnected by a spar supporting rolling means, while said means for mounting in vertical translation comprise at least two telescopic posts each integral with one of the frames and the carrier module.

According to an advantageous embodiment of this equipment, each telescopic post of the shoring carriage comprises a fixed tube integral with one of the frames, a low tube, movable between a retracted position inside the fixed tube and an extended position , and a top tube, integral with the carrier module, movable between a retracted position inside the bottom tube and an extended position, as well as means for adjusting and locking the bottom tube in position relative to the fixed tube and the tube top relative to the bottom tube.

In addition, in this case, the invention has provided that the means for adjusting and locking in position may comprise on the one hand a series of orifices formed in the fixed, bottom and top tubes, said orifices extending parallel to the axis of the post, aligned with each other in the extended position of the lower and upper tubes, and on the other hand two sets each formed of a captive double pin in the shape of a "U" whose branches are designed to cross each with both a fixed tube port and a low tube port or a low tube port and a high tube port as well as a double pin locking latch.

Furthermore, the means for adjusting and locking in position can also comprise a screw sleeve system secured to each telescopic post and making it possible to ensure fine adjustment of the height of each post.

An additional characteristic of the equipment according to the invention is defined by the fact that it also comprises means for moving the bottom and top tubes of the posts of the shoring trolley between their retracted position and their deployed position.

According to a possible option, these means of moving the lower and upper tubes may include a jack of the telescopic type with crank, cable or rack, intended to be connected to the rolling base and to the carrier module of the shoring trolley.

According to another option, the moving means may comprise a mobile lifting carriage comprising at least one telescopic lifting arm, designed capable of moving between a retracted position and an extended position, provided with means for gripping the carrier module of the carriage shoring, as well as a set of electric jacks or winches designed to cause the lifting arm to move between its extended and retracted positions.

Furthermore, the means for moving the bottom and top tubes in translation between their retracted position and their deployed position may also comprise at least one lifting cable connected to fastening means which the carrier module of the shoring carriage comprises and designed to to allow gripping by a lifting device such as a crane.

An additional characteristic of the equipment according to the invention is defined by the fact that said frames of the shoring carriage each incorporate a pair of cylinders designed to place said shoring carriage level in the load-bearing position.

In this regard, each actuator can also advantageously be attached to a plate designed to allow its fixing to the ground.

The equipment according to the invention is further characterized in that said carrying module of the shoring carriage can be defined by at least one I-section beam having an upper wall intended to bear against said construction element, a wall bottom parallel to the top wall, having a bottom face integral with the top tube of each post, as well as a transverse wall connecting the top and bottom walls together.

According to a preferred embodiment variant, the beam comprises at least one lug arranged on the underside of its lower wall close to each of its ends.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the detailed description which follows, relating to an embodiment of the present device given solely by way of indication and not limitation.

The understanding of this description will be facilitated by referring to the attached drawings in which:

illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the shoring trolley that includes the equipment according to the invention, in which the telescopic poles are placed in the low position,

shows an elevation of the shoring carriage of Figure 1,

is an elevation of the shoring trolley of figure 1 showing two possible positions of the telescopic poles,

is an enlarged view of detail B of figure 2,

is a view of a mobile lifting device that the equipment according to the invention may include, showing a first position of its telescopic arm,

is a view of the lifting device of Figure 5, showing a second position of its telescopic arm,

, [Fig. 8], [Fig. 9], [Fig. 10], [Fig. 11] illustrate the various stages of implementation of the equipment according to the invention comprising the shoring carriage of FIG. 1 and the lifting carriage of FIG. 5, and

illustrates the implementation of an accessory of the “sack truck” type included in the equipment according to the invention to move the shoring carriage of FIG. 1 between surfaces extending at different levels.

With reference to the figures, in the variant embodiment illustrated, the equipment according to the invention intended for the shoring of a construction element such as a prefabricated floor, comprises a shoring carriage 1 formed of a rolling base 2 supporting a metal beam 3, adjustable in height.

The latter here has an I-section, and comprises an upper wall 4 intended to receive said construction element, a lower wall 5 parallel to the upper wall 4, as well as a transverse wall 6 interconnecting the upper 3 and lower walls 4.

The rolling base 2, for its part, is formed of two frames 7, each comprising two uprights 70 connected by two crosspieces 71, extending one in front of the other in vertical parallel planes, and connected together by a spar 8 with an axis parallel to the axis of the beam 3. The spar 8 supports two pairs of wheels 9 provided with brakes, and preferably designed capable of being telescoped on one side of the base 2 in order to improve the stability of the shoring carriage 1, in particular when it rolls in the high configuration on a rough slab. In addition, each upright 70 of the frame 7 incorporates a jack 72 provided with a plate 73 intended to rest on the ground during the implementation of the shoring carriage 1 and provided with an orifice 74 allowing it to be fixed to the ground if necessary. . In short, the jacks 72 make it possible to place the level shoring carriage 1 in the load recovery position.

According to the invention, the shoring carriage 1 further comprises two telescopic posts 12, each integral with one of the frames 7 and the beam 3, and defining means for mounting in vertical translation of the latter on the base rolling 2.

More specifically, each post 12 allows double telescoping and comprises a fixed tube 13 secured to the crosspieces 71 of a frame 7, a low tube 14, movable between a retracted position inside the fixed tube 13 and an extended position, and a top tube 15, secured to the beam 3, movable between a retracted position inside the bottom tube 14 and an extended position.

At this stage, it should be noted that the structure of wheel base 2 is also reinforced by a horizontal running bar 10 extending between the two frames 7 and connected to the side member 8 by means of two spacers 11. illustrated in the figures, in the variant embodiment illustrated of the shoring carriage 1, the fixed tubes 13 of the two telescopic posts 12 are also secured both to the running bar 10 and to a spacer 11.

On the other hand, as seen in Figure 3, each telescopic post 12 comprises a series of orifices 16 regularly distributed, for example every 10 cm, in the fixed tubes 13, bottom 14 and top 15, extending parallel to the axis of the post 12 and aligned with each other in the deployed position of the bottom 14 and top 15 tubes. of the top tube 15 with respect to the bottom tube 14. For this purpose, use is also made of two assemblies each formed of a captive double pin 17 in the shape of a "U", the branches of which are designed capable of crossing each at the both an orifice 16 of the fixed tube 13 and an orifice 16 of the lower tube 14 or an orifice 16 of the lower tube 14 and an orifice 16 of the upper tube 15, as well as an automatic locking latch 18 enabling it to be held in position of the double pin 17.

Furthermore, a screw sleeve system 19 (cf. enlarged view in fig. 4), connected to each telescopic post 12, makes it possible to ensure fine adjustment of the height of the posts 12, in this case to the nearest millimeter, after having placed the beam 3 at the desired height by deploying more or less the top tube 15 and/or the bottom tube 14.

In addition, the shoring carriage 1 further comprises two vertical uprights 110 each connecting the spar 8 and the running bar 10 to a spacer 11. These uprights 110 serve as support for cables 200 (cf. fig. 7 and 8) placed implemented during the movements of the shoring carriage 1 and also contribute to conferring on the latter a stiffness making it possible to stack several of them on top of each other and consequently to reduce their size during the storage and delivery periods.

As seen in particular in Figure 1, each telescopic post 12 is provided with handles 26 facilitating the manual movement of the shoring carriage 1 by the operators. In addition, as illustrated in FIG. 12, the equipment according to the invention is preferably supplemented with an accessory 27 of the “sack truck” type allowing an easy change of horizontal level of the shoring carriage 1, such as in particular a lowering or a step climb 28.

In accordance with an additional feature, the shoring equipment according to the invention further comprises means for moving the bottom 14 and top 15 tubes between their retracted position and their deployed position.

In this regard, use may be made of a jack of the telescopic type with a crank, a cable or a rack (not shown), independent and manuportable, intended to be connected to positioners which the rolling base 2 comprises for this purpose and beam 3.

Alternatively, the height of the beam 3 can be changed by means of a crane hooking lifting ropes 200, permanently fixed to the lifting hooks 20 that comprise the beam 3, and which are also used to move of the shoring carriage 1 in its entirety, for example from one floor of a building to the upper floor, also by means of a lifting device.

Furthermore, the change in height of the beam 3 can also be operated by means of a lifting carriage 21 (cf. FIGS. 5 and 6) specifically designed within the framework of the invention and comprising a frame mounted on wheels, supporting a telescopic lifting arm 22 provided with a plate 23 for gripping the beam 3 and of which a set of electric cylinders 24 allows movement between a retracted position (fig. 5) and an extended position (fig. 6).

Once the beam 3 has been positioned at the desired height, additional props (not shown) can, if necessary, be arranged under its free ends, in the case where the beam 3 has a length such that they extend door-to-door. false with respect to the rolling base 2. In this regard, the lower face 50 of the lower wall 5 of the beam comprises one or more lugs 51 arranged near each of its ends, and designed capable of interacting with independent shoring posts.

In practice, the implementation of the equipment according to the invention, described in relation to Figures 7 to 11 consists in carrying out the following steps:

– bringing the shoring trolley 1 onto the work floor by means of a crane connected to the lifting cables 200 (fig. 7), at this stage the bottom 14 and top 15 tubes are placed in their respective retracted positions,

– placing the shoring carriage 1 in the load take-up position by adjusting the cylinders 72 using a ratchet or a bolter, with verification of the levels by means of spirit levels 25 attached to the running bar 10 (fig. 8) and crosspieces 71,

– bringing the lifting carriage 21 to the center of the beam 3, and removing the captive double pins 17 locking the top tube 15 in position, after unlocking the latches 18 (fig. 9),

– hoisting of the beam 3, the top tube 15 and the bottom tube 14 by means of the lifting carriage 21 then locking in position of the top tube 15 relative to the bottom tube 14 by reinsertion of the double pins 17 into the corresponding holes 16 and locking automatic pin 17 by means of the latch 18 (fig. 10),

- removal of the captive double pins 17 locking the bottom tube 14 in position, after unlocking the latches 18, hoisting the beam 3, the top tube 15 and the bottom tube 14 by means of the lifting carriage 21 then locking the bottom tube in position 14 with respect to the fixed tube 13 by reinsertion of the double pins 17 in the corresponding holes 16 and automatic locking by means of the latch 18 (fig. 11), removal of the lifting carriage 21, and fine adjustment of the height of the posts 12 by means of of a ratchet acting on the screw sleeve 19.

As is clear from the foregoing, the shoring equipment according to the invention makes it possible to achieve the objectives indicated in the preamble.

It is made up of few structural elements and requires no handling of the beams by the operators, unlike the shoring towers conventionally used. In addition, the assembly of the shoring trolley is carried out from the ground and avoids workers having to work at height.

Furthermore, the shoring trolley of the equipment according to the invention is easy to move, independently of any prior dismantling, and its structure makes it possible to overcome the problems of loss of parts and management of traditional storage baskets. It is also compact and occupies a small volume during storage and in the work area.

In short, the equipment according to the invention allows a gain in manpower, and improved work rates, as well as a reduction in the difficulty of the tasks to be performed by the operators.

Claims (12)

Equipment for shoring up a construction element, such as a prefabricated floor, comprising at least one shoring carriage (1) having at least one carrier module (3) provided with at least one horizontal face (4) bearing against the said construction element and connected, by means of assembly in vertical translation, to a rolling base (2), characterized in that the said rolling base (2) is formed of two frames (7) extending one facing the other in vertical parallel planes and interconnected by a spar (8) supporting rolling means (9), while said means for mounting in vertical translation comprise at least two telescopic posts (12) each integral with one of the frames (7) and the carrier module (3). Equipment according to Claim 1, characterized in that each telescopic post (12) comprises a fixed tube (13) integral with one of the frames (7), a lower tube (14) movable between a retracted position inside the tube fixed (13) and a deployed position, a top tube (15), secured to the carrier module (3), movable between a retracted position inside the bottom tube (14) and a deployed position, as well as adjustment means and locking in position of the bottom tube (14) relative to the fixed tube (13) and of the top tube (15) relative to the bottom tube (14). Equipment according to Claim 2, characterized in that the said means for adjusting and locking in position comprise on the one hand a series of orifices (16) formed in the fixed (13), bottom (14) and top (15) tubes , said orifices (16) extending parallel to the axis of the post (12) and aligned with one another in the deployed position of the bottom (14) and top (15) tubes, and on the other hand two sets each formed a captive double pin (17) in the shape of a "U" whose branches are each designed capable of passing through both an orifice (16) of the fixed tube (13) and an orifice (16) of the lower tube (14) or an orifice (16) of the lower tube (14) and an orifice (16) of the upper tube (15) as well as a latch (18) for locking the double pin (17). Equipment according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the means for adjusting and locking in position comprise a screw sleeve system (19) secured to each telescopic post (12). Equipment according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that it further comprises means for moving the bottom (14) and top (15) tubes of the telescopic posts (12) of the shoring trolley (1) between their stowed position and their deployed position. Equipment according to Claim 5, characterized in that the said displacement means comprise a jack of the telescopic type with crank, cable or rack, intended to be connected to the rolling base (2) and to the carrier module (3) of the trolley shoring (1). Equipment according to any one of Claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the means of movement comprise a lifting carriage (21) comprising at least one telescopic lifting arm (22), designed capable of moving between a retracted position and a deployed position, provided with means (23) for gripping the carrier module (3) of the shoring carriage (1), as well as a set of electric jacks (24) or winches designed capable of causing the movement of the arm of lift (22) between its extended and retracted positions. Equipment according to any one of Claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the means of movement comprise at least one lifting rope (20) connected to fixing means which comprise the carrier module (3) of the shoring carriage ( 1) and designed to allow them to be gripped by a lifting device such as a crane. Equipment according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said frames (7) of the shoring carriage (1) each incorporate a pair of cylinders (72) designed to place the said shoring carriage (1) level in the load recovery position. Equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that each cylinder (72) is secured to a plate (73) designed to allow its fixing to the ground. Equipment according to any one of Claims 2 to 10, characterized in that the said carrying module (3) of the shoring carriage (1) is defined by a beam (3) of I-section having an upper wall (4) of bearing against said construction element, a lower wall (5) parallel to the upper wall (4), having a lower face (50) integral with the top tube (15) of each post (12), as well as a transverse wall (6) interconnecting the upper (4) and lower (5) walls. Equipment according to Claim 11, characterized in that the beam (3) comprises at least one lug (51) arranged on the lower face (50) of its lower wall (5) close to each of its ends.