FR3108637A1 - Railroad Track Profile Grinding Machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a machine for grinding the profile of the head of a rail of a railway track, comprising a frame movable on the rail (3) to be ground and capable of pivoting around the rail to allow grinding of the rail. running face of the rail and first of all on one side thereof and, after turning the machine over by an angle of 180 °, on the other side, the frame being provided with a grinding disc (12 ), a motor (14) for driving the disk in rotation and a device (16) for actuating the pivoting by an operator. The machine is characterized in that the machine (1) comprises a stand device (22), movable by the operator between a retracted position and a working position in which he is resting on the rail (3), and in that, in its working position, the device lifts the machine above the rail to allow the machine to turn 180 °. The invention can be used for grinding the rail mushrooms of a railway track. FIGURE 26

Description

Railroad Track Profile Grinding Machine

The invention relates to a machine for grinding the profile of the rails of a railway track, comprising a frame movable on the rail to be ground and capable of pivoting around the rail to allow grinding of the running face of the rail and of 'first of one side thereof and after turning over of the other side, the carriage being provided with a grinding disc, a motor for driving the disc in rotation and an actuating device by an operator in particular of the pivoting of the carriage.

Grinding machines of this type are known. Due to their heavy weight, and the standards which limit the weight that an operator is allowed to carry, several people are necessary to ensure the overturning of the machine and to lift it from the rail for this purpose.

The object of the invention is to remedy this end.

The object of the invention is to overcome this drawback.

To achieve this goal, the machine comprises a stand device movable between a working position in which it rests on the rail and a retracted position and in that, in its working position, it lifts the machine to a height allowing 180 ° turning of the machine.

According to one characteristic of the invention, the crutch device comprises a leg, one end of which is articulated by a horizontal axis and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail when the machine is in its vertical position, under the frame, and which carries to its at the other end, a part of the foot configured to be able to bear on the rail and which is mounted to rotate around the longitudinal axis of the leg, and a lever for controlling the pivoting of the leg around its axis of articulation to the chassis, from its retracted position to its resting position on the rail.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the foot is produced in the form of a U-shaped part adapted to engage on the head of the rail.

According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the stand device is capable of being brought out of its bearing position by a sudden force for moving the machine in the direction of movement of the latter, applied by the machine. 'operator.

According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the stand device comprises a return spring in its retracted position.

According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the engine is a four-stroke gasoline engine.

According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the engine is an engine designed to operate in a position in which its output axis is oriented horizontally and in which the fuel is dispensed by gravity, and in that the engine is mounted on the frame in a position in which the output axis is oriented vertically when the machine is in its vertical position, and in that modifications are made so that the motor can operate in this new position in positions of inclination of the machine from its vertical position of the machine, up to an angle advantageously of 105 °.

According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the fuel tank is repositioned so as to be placed above the engine in all the working positions of the machine.

According to yet another characteristic of the invention, a partition is arranged between the original installation face of the rocker cover on the engine and the rocker cover, which has the function of preventing in particular the flow of oil. in the carburetor.

According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the carburetor is repositioned in an inclined position of 90 ° in the plane of the pivoting of the engine in its position with a vertical outlet axis, and of 45 ° in the plane of pivoting of the machine around of the rail.

According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the machine comprises a tilt device (126) for detecting a position of inclination of the machine in its grinding position, beyond the limit angle of inclination.

The invention will be better understood, and other objects, characteristics, details and advantages thereof will emerge more clearly in the explanatory description which follows given with reference to the appended schematic drawings given solely by way of example illustrating one mode of operation. realization of the invention and in which:

the is a side view of the grinding machine according to the invention;

Figures 2 and 3 are front views of the grinding machine according to the invention, showing the machine in its vertical and maximum tilt positions;

the is a view of the heat engine of the grinding machine according to the invention, showing the latter in its original orientation, with a horizontal output axis;

the is a view of the engine of the , but oriented in its position which it occupies in the grinding machine according to the invention;

Figures 6 to 9 are different views, from above, side and in perspective of the bulkhead added to the rocker cover;

the is a view of the cylinder head after removal of the engine rocker cover;

Figures 11 to 13 are explanatory diagrams of the function of the rocker cover bulkhead;

FIGS. 14 to 17 are explanatory diagrams of the repositioning of the carburetor of the engine according to the invention;

Figures 18 to 21 are different views of the carburetor pipe according to the invention;

Figures 22 and 23 illustrate the positioning of the carburetor pipe on the engine;

Figures 24 and 25 are perspective views of the crutch device according to the invention and,

figures 26 to 28 correspond to the , but show the machine in three different positions when turning the machine;

the illustrates the tilt device according to the invention.

Figures 1 to 3 show the machine in its vertical position for grinding the running surface of the rail and in its maximum tilt position for grinding one of the two sides of the rail. The references 1, 3, 4 and 5 respectively designate the machine, the rail, the rolling surface and the side thereof.

As can be seen in the figures, the machine 1 comprises a frame 8 which is provided at each of its two ends with a roller 10 for running on the rail 3. This frame carries a grinding disc 12, a motor 14 of. drive in rotation of the disc 12 by means of a transmission device enclosed in the frame as well as an actuating device 16 of the frame, in particular to allow the frame to pivot about the longitudinal axis of the rail in positions grinding inclination of the sides of the rail head, up to its maximum inclination position of for example 105 ° depending on the . The chassis further comprises two wheels 18, each close to a roller 10 which each comprise, on either side of a part of the hub, a disk of a larger diameter 19, 20 including that located on the side of the hub. rail, which is opposite to the side of the head to be ground, namely the disc 19 has a larger diameter to be able to act as a support on the head of the rail during the pivoting of the machine as will be explained in detail below concerning the disc its height relative to the head of the rail is adjustable by means of an adjustment mechanism comprising a hand shutter 24, by means of a threaded rod mechanism.

According to an essential characteristic of the invention, the machine is equipped with a device 22 for turning the machine over so that it can, after grinding one side of the mushroom, grind the other side.

The actuator 16 has the configuration of a rectangular frame formed by tubes or rods and is composed of an upper horizontal tube 26, a horizontal lower tube 27 and two lateral vertical tubes 28. At each lower corner 30 is fixed. an inclined or curved rod 32 which is articulated at its other end to the frame and maintains the frame at a certain lateral distance from the frame as shown in the . The frame further comprises a guide rod in the form of an arc of a circle 34, the center of curvature of which is the pivot axis of the rods 32 and therefore of the frame. The other end 35 of the rod is free so that it can slide in a passage 37. It can be blocked in this passage by a blocking device 39 of any suitable known type.

The motor 14 for driving the grinding disc 12 can be of any suitable type and is, in the case of the machine shown, by way of non-limiting example, advantageously a heat engine, preferably four-stroke gasoline. To be sufficiently powerful, the motor used is a motor whose output shaft 42 extends horizontally in accordance with the . However, in its application to the grinding machine according to the invention, the output shaft 42 must extend vertically, on the one hand, and the motor must still be able to operate correctly while being inclined strongly, for example by 105 °. , with respect to its position with vertical output axis, i.e. it must allow the inclination of the machine from its vertical position of the in his position of .

But since the engine is not designed for the application in which it is used in the case of the invention, multiple modifications must be made to the engine.

In fact, in order to be able to place the engine on the chassis, it had to be tilted 90 ° from its initial operating position, which implies many changes. FIGS. 4 and 5 show the motor respectively in its initial position with horizontal output axis 42 and in its position mounted on the frame of the grinding machine according to the invention, in which the axis 42 is oriented vertically. Due to this change of orientation of the engine, the original tank of the engine is found at 90 ° from its normal position and since the engine does not have a fuel pump and the distribution of fuel must therefore be done by gravity, another tank noted 44 was placed at the top of the engine, in a horizontal position with respect to the ground in order to be able again to use gravity to distribute the gasoline to the carburetor. In fact the original tank (in the shape of a parallelepiped) is dismantled and replaced by a cylindrical tank and moved. The position and shape of the tank to supply the engine with fuel throughout the tilt range.

Changing the engine position also causes problems with the carburetor and rocker arm. The invention proposes solutions to these problems by making modifications to the engine which are described below.

Since the engine is no longer in its initial position in which it was intended to operate, after its 90 ° inversion, the oil contained in the engine is no longer at the level of the engine crankcase, but at the level of the motor shaft. In addition, since the grinding machine is used on a high tilt range, the oil contained in the engine regularly changes places in the engine. In the machine's limit tilt position, the oil would rise in the breather indicated at 46 on the and to the air filter, the cover of which is designated by the reference 48 and which would fill up with oil. This would imply that the engine swallows oil in the combustion chamber resulting in a strong blue smoke which is very polluting since the engine burns oil. To this must be added that if the rocker cover noted 50 would also find itself supplied with oil, the lubrication will be affected and the phenomenon of crankcase degassing, which makes it possible to maintain a pressure in the engine close to atmospheric pressure, could not be observed. do well that it is important for the proper functioning of the engine.

To overcome this problem, the invention provides for the installation of a partition 52 which is interposed between the original rocker cover 50 and the valve rocker arms. This partition has multiple functions. On the one hand, it makes it possible to delay the arrival of oil in the breather hose 46, but also the quantity which enters it. On the other hand, by limiting access to this hose, the oil being blocked, it continues to perform its lubricating function more durably and with a more stable quantity of oil in the engine.

The partition is shown in Figures 6 to 9 and the shows the cylinder head of the engine with the two rocker arms 54 after removal of the rocker cover 50. The partition will be placed on the face 56 of the cylinder head which is normally used for installation by the rocker cover with the interposition of a gasket or a bracket seal, and then the rocker cover 50 is placed on the partition with the interposition of a seal between the peripheral surfaces of the partition 52 and the rocker cover.

Referring to Figures 6 to 9, it can be seen that the partition 52 has two holes of different diameters, which are designated by the references 58, 60. The first hole is of a diameter of 2.5 mm and is provided to allow degassing the crankcase. His position is important. It is defined by the most critical tilt angle of the engine, that is, the angle at which the engine will pump oil up to the breather. This hole is therefore placed on the axis of the spoke at the bottom right of the part, 11.5 mm from the edge. The second hole 60 is smaller and has a diameter of 1.5mm. Its role is to push the oil back if it has passed through the first hole, when the engine is in the normal position, without tilting. The second hole is also positioned 11.5 mm from the edge of the part and 20 mm from the central axis. The central hole 62 is positioned to be concentric with the rocker cover. It should be noted that the shape of the partition 52 is not of major importance, apart from the position of the holes. However, the dimensions are given only by way of example and can be chosen otherwise, provided that their indicated functions are kept.

Changes are also made to the rocker cover. On the rocker cover, the original breather is plugged in order to slow down the progression of the oil, using joint compound or a sealing tablet. The second hole that can be seen and which is clogged is the classic breather overflow, if it were to be overfilled with oil. Another hole is drilled by upsetting, in order to guarantee degassing of the crankcase. Its position is made according to the same criteria as on the partition for the hole 58 of 2 mm. It is advantageous that it also has a diameter of 2 mm.

Figures 11 to 13 illustrate the problem of oil flow following the change of the position of the motor and the solution given to the problem. The schematically shows the engine block and cylinder head. The references 70, 72, 74, 76, 78 and 80 respectively denote the crankcase, the crankshaft, the connecting rod, the rocker arm rod, the piston and the valve controlled by the rod. In the figures, the rocker cover covers the head of the rocker rod, the rocker arm and the valve controlled by the rocker arm 82 under the effect of the rocker arm rod. The rocker cover breather hole 50 is indicated by the reference 84.

The shows this arrangement in its position in the motor before its change of position, that is to say with horizontal output axis. The crankshaft is bathed in the oil indicated by the reference 46. The combustion chamber located below the piston 78 is sealed. On the other hand, the tunnel of the rocker arm 76 is not. Normally the engine is not supposed to be overturned. The breather hole 84 therefore makes it possible to release the pressure when it becomes too high. Now, in the case of the invention, the motor is used with orientations which can range up to 105 ° and the aforementioned lubrication problem occurs.

In fact, when the engine is mounted on the frame with its output axis oriented vertically, the entire has also undergone a 90 ° change of position and is no longer in the substantially vertical plane of the but in a substantially horizontal plane, in accordance with . In this position occurs the problem described above. The oil passes along the rocker arm into the cylinder head as shown in the .

The partition 52 is intended to eliminate this problem as illustrated by . It is placed so that the oil cannot reach the space 88 between the partition 52 and the rocker cover 50. The two holes 58 and 60 in the partition, by performing their function stated above, ensure the correct engine operation even in the changed position of the engine according to the .

In this inverted position of the engine, the carburetor is also a problem. Figures 14 to 17 schematically illustrate the problem and the solution to eliminate it.

The schematically shows the carburetor in the position it occupies when the engine is in the position for which it is designed, i.e. in the position where the output engine axis is horizontal, in accordance with . The float denoted 90, depending on the level of gasoline 92 in the tank 94, through the regulating mechanism indicated by the reference 96, causes the arrival of gasoline if the level of gasoline drops. In order to be able to perform this function of regulating the level of gasoline in tank 94, the float must therefore be bathed in gasoline or at least be in contact with gasoline.

The shows the carburetor, schematically in its position when the engine was mounted on the frame, with its axis now oriented vertically. In this position of the carburettor, also rotated by 90 °, there is the effect shown by the . Gasoline escapes from the tank and the float can no longer perform its function indicated above. To solve the problem thus produced and allow the carburetor to perform its function correctly again, the invention proposes to reposition the carburetor in a position in which it is returned by 90 ° to the position it had before the change of position. motor, then 45 ° in the plane of the pivoting of the grinding machine, but in the opposite direction to this pivoting of the machine, so that, when the latter is in its vertical position, the carburetor is tilted 45 ° in accordance with . It emerges from this figure, that in this position, the float 90 is still bathed in gasoline 92.

The shows the carburetor in the position it has when the machine is in its maximum tilt position of the , that is to say inclined by 90 ° with respect to its position of the . Thus, between the positions of Figures 14 and 17, the carburetor has been pivoted by an angle of 45 + 60 °, i.e. 105 °, which is the maximum tilt angle of the machine. .

This repositioning is carried out using the repositioning part 98 called the carburetor pipe and illustrated in FIGS. 18 to 21, which make it possible to understand the configuration of this part. Figures 22 and 23 illustrate the mounting of the carburetor pipe on the engine to ensure the repositioning of the carburetor. The shows the flange 100 for fitting the carburetor to the engine, in the initial state of the latter. On the , we see the carburetor pipe mounted on this flange 100, after removal of the carburetor. This will be fixed on the free flange 106 of the pipe. This is formed by a hollow body 104 having at each end a flange, one of which, namely the flange 106, is intended for fixing the carburetor while the other flange 102 serves as a fixing flange on the flange. 100 of the engine. The references 108 and 109 denote the opening orifices respectively of the flanges 102 and 106 of the pipe 98 which are therefore in communication through the flange body 104.

Figures 18 to 21 show that the two flanges 102 and 106 of the pipe are angularly offset by a pivot of 90 ° to put it back in the position it had before its installation in its vertical axis position, then to a 45 ° swivel so that the carburetor is in its position of the in which it is centered around the axis of inclination of the machine.

The device 22 for turning the machine 180 ° around a vertical axis will be described below, allowing, after grinding one side of the head of the rail, to grind the other side, without removing the machine from the rail. rail, that is to say the machine remains resting on the rail during the overturning.

To this end, the crutch device 22 comprises a leg 110 which is mounted under the frame, so as to be able to pivot, when the machine is in its vertical position, about a horizontal axis between a retracted position and a position of. support on the rail, and a lever 112 for controlling the pivoting of the stand between its retracted position and its support position. The lever, in its retracted position, extends upwards so as to be operable by the operator's foot as shown in . The lever 112 is attached at 114 to the leg 110.

As shown in the figures, the leg 110 is made up of three parts, namely a U-shaped stirrup part 116 adapted to bear on the head of the rail by engaging it, a part 118 intermediate also U-shaped, which is mounted on the yoke 116, rotatable about an axis 120 oriented in the longitudinal direction of the leg, and a part 122, also U-shaped, which is intended to be fixed under the frame of the machine and which is articulated to the ends of the branches 114 of the intermediate piece 118 so as to be able to pivot about an axis perpendicular to the leg and to the rail, formed by journals 124. It is to note that the branches of the stirrup 118 and of the intermediate piece 116 are oriented in the longitudinal direction of the leg and the axis of rotation 120 which connects them is implanted in the bases 126 and 127 respectively of the stirrup and of the intermediate piece.

Regarding the operation of the stand 22, when the machine is grinding one side of the rail, that is to say a side of the head, it is in its retracted position according to the and the , that is to say the leg extends substantially horizontally and the lever 112 is oriented upwards. After grinding the side of the mushroom, and after tilting the stand 22 to its vertical position, the operator can turn the machine 180 ° for grinding the other side. To this end, he rotates the lever 112, by actuating it with his foot, downwards and thus causes the leg 110 to pivot around the articulation axis 124 to the frame from its retracted position in its position of. 'support, perpendicular to the rail. In this position, the caliper 118 is supported on the mushroom. This pivoting causes the machine to be lifted to a height above the rail as shown in the , allowing the operator to turn it 180 °. The illustrates the machine after the turnaround. It should be noted that during the pivoting the machine is resting on the rail and therefore supported by the latter and the operator can be content to perform the turning without having to carry the machine. The turning axis then extends vertically.

After turning over, the operator will return the stand to its retracted position by exerting a sudden force on the machine in the longitudinal direction of the rail, advantageously under the effect of a return spring. The machine then returns to its normal position of bearing on the rail by its running rollers 10, in accordance with .

For complete sidewall grinding, the operator then rotates the machine around the rail between its vertical position of the and the maximum tilt position of 105 ° in the example given according to the . During this grinding of the sidewall, the machine is supported on the rail thanks to the wheels 18 and their circular discs 19.

To avoid tilting the machine beyond the tolerated limit angle, that is to say 15 ° beyond this limit, the machine is fitted with a tilt device 126. The illustrates this device, which comprises a tube 128 in which is placed a ball 130 which can move axially in the tube according to the angle of inclination of the tube. At one end thereof, there is an electrical contact 135 which is connected to ground. When the motor tilts too much, the ball moves through the tube and comes in contact with the electrical contact, causing the motor to shut down.

The tilt device can be placed on the engine at any suitable location and is advantageously suspended between four springs 134, as shown in Fig. . The position of the tilt is adjustable in position by means of a pin 136 of the device, which is engaged in an oblong hole in the support structure of the device.

Of course, multiple modifications can be made to the machine, without going outside the protective framework. It should be noted that any other motor can be used in place of the motor 14, provided that appropriate modifications are then made allowing it to function correctly in the range of angles of inclination of the machine necessary for the grinding of the profile. of the rail head.

Claims (14)

Machine for grinding the profile of a rail of a railway track, comprising a frame movable on the rail (3) to be ground and capable of pivoting around the rail to allow grinding of a side of the running face of the rail, the frame being provided with a grinding disc (12), a motor (14) for driving the rotation of the grinding disc (12) and a device (16) for actuating the pivoting of the chassis by an operator, characterized in that the engine (14) is a four-stroke engine designed to operate in a position in which an output shaft (42) of the engine (14) is oriented horizontally, the engine (14) being disposed in a position in which the output shaft (42) is oriented vertically and pivots with the frame in tilting positions from its vertical position to an angle preferably of 105 ° and in that the motor (14 ) comprises a rocker cover (50) and a partition (52) disposed between the original installation face of the cover - rocker arm (50) on the engine (14) and the rocker cover (50). Grinding machine according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the partition (52) comprises two holes (58, 60) of different diameters, the position of one of the holes is defined by the most critical angle of inclination of the engine i.e. the angle at which the engine will pump oil up towards the breather, the position of the other of the holes is defined to discharge the oil passed through the first hole, when the engine is in normal position, without tilt. Grinding machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the engine is a gasoline engine. Grinding machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the partition (52) prevents the flow of oil into the carburetor. Grinding machine according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the fuel is distributed to the engine (14) by gravity. Grinding machine according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the fuel tank (44) is repositioned so as to be placed above the motor (14) in all the working positions of the machine. Grinding machine according to one of Claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the carburetor is repositioned in an inclined position of 90 ° in the plane of the pivoting of the motor in its position with a vertical output axis, and of 45 ° in the machine pivot plane around the rail. Grinding machine according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the carburetor is repositioned by means of an intermediate piece (98), which is mounted on the original mounting face of the carburetor, by a fixing flange (106 ) and on the other mounting flange (102) of which the carburetor is mounted. Grinding machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a tilt device (126) for detecting a position of inclination of the machine in its grinding position, beyond the angle inclination limit. Grinding machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a stand device (22) movable by the operator between a retracted position and a working position in which the stand rests on the rail ( 3), and in that, in its working position, the stand device (22) lifts the machine above the rail to allow the machine to turn 180 ° to grind the other side of the rail (3) . Grinding machine according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the stand device (22) comprises a leg (110), one end of which is articulated by an axis (124) horizontal and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail when the machine is in its vertical position, under the frame (3), and which carries at its other end a foot part (116) configured to be able to bear on the rail (3) and which is mounted, rotating around the longitudinal axis of the leg (110), and a lever (112) for controlling the pivoting of the leg (110) around its axis of articulation (124) to the frame, from its retracted position to its position of support on the rail (3) . Grinding machine according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the foot (116) is produced in the form of a U-shaped part adapted to engage on the head of the rail. Grinding machine according to one of Claims 11 or 12, characterized in that the stand device (22) is capable of being brought out of its support position by a sudden force for moving the machine in the direction displacement thereof, applied by the operator. Grinding machine according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized in that the stand device (22) comprises a return spring in its retracted position.