FR3153069A1 - Convertible vehicle comprising two gantries and a U-shaped chassis - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a convertible vehicle and a method for converting it. The vehicle comprises a chassis (7), a steering mechanism, a front axle (41), and a rear axle (9). The steering mechanism comprises a steering column (3) and a handlebar (2). The front axle (41) comprises at least one front wheel (5), and the rear axle (9) comprises at least one rear wheel (11). The chassis (7) is connected to the rear axle (9), and the steering mechanism is connected to the front axle (41). The chassis (7) comprises a crossbar and two sidebars forming a U-shape. The vehicle comprises two gantries (40) and an intermediate structure (42). Each of the two gantries (40) is connected to each of the sidebars of the chassis (7) and to the intermediate structure (42) by hinges. Figure 1 to be published

Description

Convertible vehicle comprising two gantries and a U-shaped chassis

The invention relates to a convertible vehicle, in particular a convertible scooter, which may be an electric or conventional vehicle, i.e. without electric assistance.

In recent years, soft mobility solutions for urban travel have been developing, particularly with the aim of reducing air pollution in large cities. These soft mobility solutions include bicycles and scooters.

Scooters are generally appreciated for their lightness and compactness. They can be transported on public transport more easily than bicycles, and as such, they are more easily used when the user combines a journey with part public transport and part soft mobility. Furthermore, they are easier to park than a bicycle.

However, scooters cause a significant number of accidents, particularly in urban environments. Their geometry and the size of their small-diameter wheels make scooters particularly unstable. For example, they are very sensitive to small road imperfections (potholes and bumps, for example). In addition, the scooter's small-diameter wheels can leave the user feeling unsafe. Some users may turn away from scooters for this reason.

Despite their compactness, scooters are still cumbersome to transport on public transport, especially when making a journey with a combined use of the scooter and public transport.

Additionally, existing scooters are not easily usable for shopping because they do not have a means of carrying goods.

Patent application WO 2022/091095 relates to a scooter with two front wheels and one rear wheel. The scooter is foldable, but the folding system is complex and the folded scooter cannot be used to transport goods. Furthermore, this solution does not allow for maneuvers involving very tight curves.

The technical problem that the invention seeks to solve consists of designing a vehicle capable of being converted, in particular into a scooter and/or a trolley, in a simple and rapid manner, and preferably by improving the stability of the vehicle converted into a scooter, so as to better adapt the scooter to the urban environment and to improve its compactness to be transported more easily on public transport.

The invention relates to a convertible vehicle, in particular into a scooter and/or trolley. The vehicle comprises a chassis, a steering mechanism, a support plate connected to the chassis, a front axle and a rear axle, the steering mechanism comprising a steering column and a handlebar connected to a first end of the steering column, the front axle comprising at least one front wheel and the rear axle comprising at least one rear wheel, the chassis being connected to the rear axle and the steering mechanism being connected to the front axle. In addition, the chassis comprises a crossbar and two side bars arranged so as to form a substantially U-shape. The vehicle also comprises two gantries and an intermediate structure in pivot connection with the steering column, each of the two gantries being connected to each of the side bars of the chassis and to the intermediate structure by joints, the two gantries preferably being on two planes substantially parallel to each other.

Advantageously, the support plate is mounted on the chassis, and preferably the support plate is retractable.

According to one aspect of the invention, the support plate is in one piece, preferably tiltable towards the rear or to a lateral side of the vehicle.

Alternatively, the support plate is in at least two parts, each part being able to tilt to one side and/or backwards.

Preferably, the vehicle comprises a locking system, preferably located between the two gantries, so as to prevent the relative movement of the two gantries.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the locking system comprises at least one lock mounted in an articulated manner on one of the two gantries and a stop mounted on the other of the two gantries.

Preferably, the locking system includes additional stops to limit the tilting amplitude of the gantries.

According to a variant of the invention, the rear axle is connected to the chassis by a transmission means capable of transforming the rotation of the chassis around a longitudinal axis into rotation of the rear axle around a vertical axis and vice versa, the vehicle preferably comprising a means for locking the transmission means.

According to an advantageous implementation of the invention, the vehicle comprises a connecting means between the steering mechanism and the rear axle for steering the rear axle from the steering mechanism of the front axle or vice versa.

Advantageously, the vehicle comprises at least one additional retractable wheel, the at least one additional retractable wheel being a steerable off-center wheel or a non-steerable wheel.

According to one configuration of the invention, the vehicle comprises a parking brake for locking a front wheel and/or a rear wheel.

Advantageously, the steering column includes a tilting means for tilting the handlebars rearward.

According to a variant of the invention, the chassis comprises retractable feet, positioned in the front part of the chassis.

Advantageously, the vehicle comprises a suspension system positioned between the two gantries, the suspension system preferably comprising a spring and/or an elastomer.

Preferably, the vehicle comprises a support structure for transporting objects, a child or an animal, the support structure being fixed, possibly removably, to the intermediate structure.

Preferably, at least one of the front wheels and/or at least one of the rear wheels is a motorized wheel.

According to an advantageous configuration of the invention, the motorized wheel comprises a control means for limiting the speed of the scooter, preferably the control means comprising a control means, such as a trigger, or a force detection means, preferably installed on the steering column, connected to the motor of the motorized wheel to adapt the torque of the motor.

Preferably, the at least one motorized wheel comprises an energy recovery system by electric braking.

The invention also relates to a method for converting the vehicle described according to one of the preceding variants or combinations of variants, in which the front axle or the rear axle is blocked and the wheels of the other axle are used to tilt the gantries so as to convert the vehicle into a scooter or conversely to convert it into a compact vehicle.

Preferably, when at least one wheel is motorized, the front axle or the rear axle is locked and a motorized wheel of the other axle is used to tilt the gantries so as to convert the vehicle into a scooter or conversely to convert it into a compact vehicle or when all the wheels are motorized wheels, the front motorized wheels are operated in one direction and the rear wheels in the opposite direction to tilt the gantries so as to convert the vehicle into a scooter or conversely to convert it into a compact vehicle.

List of figures

Other characteristics and advantages of the vehicle and the method according to the invention will appear on reading the following description of non-limiting examples of embodiments, with reference to the figures appended and described below.

[Fig 1]

There FIG. 1 represents a first embodiment of a vehicle converted into a scooter according to the invention.

[Fig 2]

There FIG. 2 represents a second embodiment of a vehicle converted into a scooter according to the invention.

[Fig 3]

There FIG. 3 represents different configurations of use of the convertible vehicle according to the invention.

[Fig 4]

There FIG. 4 represents an assembly of a convertible vehicle according to the invention in top view according to two configurations of use.

[Fig 5]

There FIG. 5 represents an assembly of the gantries and the chassis of a convertible vehicle according to the invention.

[Fig 6]

There FIG. 6 represents a locking system positioned between the two gantries of a convertible vehicle according to the invention.

[Fig 7]

There FIG. 7 represents a locking system and additional stops of a convertible vehicle according to the invention.

[Fig 8]

There FIG. 8 represents different variants of retractable support trays of a convertible vehicle according to the invention.

[Fig 9]

There FIG. 9 represents a position of use in trolley mode and a rest position of a convertible vehicle according to the invention.

[Fig 10]

There FIG. 10 represents another variant of a convertible vehicle according to the invention, with retractable legs.

[Fig 11]

There FIG. 11 represents another configuration of a convertible vehicle according to the invention, with a suspension system positioned between the two gantries.

[Fig 12]

There FIG. 12 represents a variant of a convertible vehicle according to the invention with two wheels, a front wheel and a rear wheel.

[Fig 13]

There FIG. 13 represents an advantageous embodiment of a convertible vehicle according to the invention, with a means of connecting the front axle to the rear axle.

[Fig 14]

There FIG. 14 represents a transmission means capable of transforming the rotation of the support plate into rotation of the rear axle and vice versa, of a convertible vehicle according to the invention.

The terms “vertical”, “horizontal”, “upper”, “lower”, “above”, “below”, “on”, “under” are understood to refer to the vehicle of the invention in an operating situation on horizontal ground. In this situation, the various wheels of the vehicle are in contact with the ground (excluding additional retractable wheels which may or may not be in contact with the ground depending on the configuration of the vehicle).

The terms "front" and "rear" refer to the vehicle in an operating situation with the user facing the handlebars (looking towards the handlebars; in other words, the handlebars are in front of the user), with the front being in front of the user and the rear behind him.

The terms "forward" and "backward" refer to the forward and backward directions, respectively. Forward means forward movement and backward means backward movement.

The "longitudinal" direction is the main direction of the vehicle, which goes from rear to front. The longitudinal direction corresponds roughly to the direction of travel of the vehicle.

The “lateral” direction is the one that is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and to the vertical direction (when the vehicle is operating on horizontal ground).

The terms "left" and "right" are understood laterally in an operating situation with the user facing the handlebars (looking towards the handlebars).

• en mode trottinette (ou mode déplié) où l’utilisateur peut alors utiliser le véhicule comme une trottinette ;
• en mode chariot (qui peut être un mode plié ou replié du véhicule) où le véhicule est plus compact qu’en mode trottinette et peut par exemple être utilisé pour transporter des marchandises, un enfant ou un animal.

The invention relates to a convertible vehicle, in particular into a scooter and/or a trolley (also called a "compact vehicle"), i.e. a vehicle capable of being converted into a scooter and which can be folded for storage and/or for use as a goods transport trolley (called a "compact vehicle"). Thus, the vehicle can be converted into at least two configurations (also called versions, modes or positions). The vehicle according to the invention can for example at least be converted:

• in scooter mode (or unfolded mode) where the user can then use the vehicle as a scooter;
• in trolley mode (which can be a folded or collapsed mode of the vehicle) where the vehicle is more compact than in scooter mode and can for example be used to transport goods, a child or an animal.

The vehicle can also be converted into a so-called "rest" position (which can also be a folded or stowed mode of the vehicle). In this rest position, the vehicle can be stored but the vehicle is not intended to transport the user when they climb onto the vehicle in this rest position.

The vehicle according to the invention comprises a chassis, a steering mechanism, a support plate connected to the chassis, a front axle and a rear axle.

The steering mechanism comprises a steering column and a handlebar connected to a first end (preferably the upper end) of the steering column and the steering mechanism is connected to the front axle (for example, the steering column is connected at its second end, preferably the lower end, to the front axle, directly or indirectly by a fork for example which serves as a mechanical connection between the steering column and the front axle). Thus, the steering mechanism makes it possible to transmit the direction given by the user via the handlebar to the front axle. It is therefore possible to steer the vehicle.

The support deck is substantially horizontal and allows a user to be supported when the vehicle is used in scooter mode. In other words, the support deck serves as a step.

The front axle comprises at least one front wheel, preferably a single front wheel, and the rear axle comprises at least one rear wheel. For example, the rear axle may comprise a single rear wheel or, more advantageously, two rear wheels. Thus, the vehicle according to the invention comprises at least two wheels, advantageously two wheels or three wheels. When it comprises three wheels, the vehicle is more stable, whether at rest or when the vehicle is in use (as a scooter and/or trolley in particular). It is therefore easier to store it. The two-wheel solution limits friction between the vehicle and the ground and provides behavior similar to that of traditional scooters.

The chassis is connected to the rear axle, directly or indirectly by a transmission means for example.

Furthermore, according to the invention, the chassis comprises a crossbar and two side bars so as to form a U. The crossbar is thus connected, preferably fixed, at each end, to one end (preferably the rear end) of each of the side bars. The side bars extend substantially longitudinally and may be substantially parallel to each other; the crossbar may be substantially orthogonal to the side bars. The crossbar is preferably positioned at the rear ends of the side bars. As a result, the open part of the U-shape of the chassis is positioned at the front and thus, when converting the vehicle into a folded version (or folded – corresponding to the trolley mode for example), the front wheel can move back into the open part of the U-shape. In other words, the at least one front wheel is located between the side bars of the U-shaped chassis in the folded version (trolley position and/or rest position).

In addition, the vehicle comprises two gantries and an intermediate structure pivotally connected to the steering column. Each of the two gantries is connected to each of the chassis side bars, preferably at the front ends of the chassis side bars, and to the intermediate structure by hinges, the two gantries preferably being on two substantially parallel and mutually distinct planes. The use of the two gantries allows the gantries to be tilted forward or backward for conversion of the vehicle. The two gantries form, for example, inverted U-shaped (bridge-like) structures. Each of the two gantries comprises two side beams, for example substantially parallel to each other, connected to each other by a transverse beam. The transverse beam may preferably be attached to the upper ends of the side beams so as to form an inverted U (a bridge), the transverse beam being above the side beams and not below them. The two gantries may preferably be substantially on two planes that are substantially parallel and distinct from each other and connected by articulations to the side bars of the chassis and to the intermediate structure. As a result, the two gantries may form two parallel sides of a deformable parallelogram (in longitudinal section view). The deformation of this parallelogram allows the conversion of the vehicle into a scooter and the conversion of the vehicle into a folded position (in trolley mode and/or in rest mode for example).

The U-shapes of the frame or the inverted U-shapes of the gantries can have straight or rounded edges.

Advantageously, the support plate can be mounted on the chassis, preferably the support plate being retractable. Thus, the chassis serves as a support for the support plate on which the user can mount in scooter mode. When it is retractable, the conversion of the vehicle is easier and the vehicle can be used in trolley mode. Indeed, when the support plate can be retracted, the front wheel can be steered laterally to one side or the other and the vehicle can thus be steered in the folded version.

Alternatively, the support tray may be fixedly mounted (or at least part of the support tray may be fixed) to the chassis and the support tray may for example include a substantially central opening to allow movement of the front wheel (and possibly the front axle) between the side bars of the chassis.

The support plate may, for example, be connected to the chassis by a tilting system (e.g., a pivot). This tilting system may be controlled manually, for example, by the user's foot and/or by a control lever. This tilting system may, for example, include a jack similar to the jack on car tailgates to facilitate the retraction of the support plate.

According to one implementation of the invention, the tilting system may comprise a control system coupled with the vehicle conversion control (a lever for example): in other words, the control of the tilting system of the support platform may be controlled simultaneously with the vehicle conversion control. Thus, during the conversion of the vehicle, the support platform is automatically retracted or it is automatically returned to position on the chassis.

According to a variant of the invention, the support plate may be monobloc (it is then made up of a single part), preferably tiltable towards the rear or to one side of the vehicle. It then comprises a tilting system as described above. This configuration makes it possible to simplify the assembly and conversion of the vehicle.

Alternatively, the support plate can be made up of at least two parts. In this case, each part can, for example, tilt to one side and/or backward. With a multi-part support plate, each part has reduced dimensions. This configuration can be advantageous for saving space and increasing flexibility.

According to another variant, when the support plate is at least in two parts, one part can be fixed on the chassis (rear part for example) and the front part can be in one or more parts and this or these parts can comprise a tilting system as described previously.

Preferably, the vehicle may comprise a locking system, preferably installed between the two gantries, so as to prevent the relative movement of the two gantries. The locking system then makes it possible to lock the vehicle in at least one position of use and preferably in each position of use, for example in the scooter position and in the trolley position. Thanks to the locking system, each position of use can be secured and thus use is safer. This is particularly the case when using the vehicle as a scooter. This solution also has the advantage of providing rigidity to the structure, when it is locked.

Advantageously, the locking system may comprise at least one lock mounted, in an articulated manner, on one of the two gantries (for example, along a lock axis parallel to the side beams of the gantry) and a stop mounted on the other of the two gantries. Thus, in one locking position, the lock is supported under the stop and in another locking position, the lock is supported above the stop. This solution therefore makes it possible to lock and secure two distinct configurations. To unlock the locking system, the lock is moved apart using the articulation which connects it to the gantry (along the lock axis parallel to the side beams of the gantry). Thus, it can escape from the stop. In the unlocked position, the two gantries can then tilt to reach the other locking position, for example in which the lock is brought back into contact with the upper part of the stop. The system is then locked in the other position. So, the scooter position can be used as the first locking position and the trolley position as the second locking position.

According to another implementation of the invention, the locking system can be installed between one of the gantries and the chassis or between the two gantries and the chassis.

Advantageously, the locking system can include additional stops to limit the tilting amplitude of the gantries and thus improve the security of the operating positions.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the rear axle can be connected to the chassis by a transmission means capable of transforming the rotation of the chassis around a longitudinal axis into rotation of the rear axle around a vertical axis and vice versa (for example by means of a pivot axis of the transmission means, the pivot axis forming a non-zero angle relative to the longitudinal axis and relative to the vertical axis). As a result, it is possible, for example, to steer the wheels of the rear axle in the direction desired by the user by shifting his weight laterally to one side or the other on the support plate. Thus, the user can steer both the front wheels and the rear wheels of the scooter, which increases its maneuverability.

The transmission means may in particular be a "truck" (which corresponds to a means of steering by tilting) such as those used on skateboards. These trucks allow skateboards to be steered, without handlebars, by tilting the skateboard relative to the longitudinal axis, the tilt resulting from the displacement of the user's weight to one side or the other of the skateboard, relative to the longitudinal axis, i.e. laterally. On the vehicle, in particular in scooter mode, this transmission means may also allow the rear axle to be oriented in one direction, when the user moves his weight to one side or the other of the support plate, laterally, relative to the longitudinal axis. Indeed, the displacement of the user's weight causes the support plate to rotate relative to the longitudinal axis. The transmission means then transforms this rotation into a rotation of the rear axle around a vertical axis to steer the wheels in the desired direction (for example using a pivot axis of the transmission means, the pivot axis forming a non-zero angle relative to the longitudinal axis and relative to the vertical axis).

Preferably, the vehicle may comprise means for blocking said transmission means.

According to one configuration of the invention, the vehicle may comprise a connecting means between the steering mechanism and the rear axle to steer the rear axle from the steering mechanism of the front axle or vice versa. Thanks to this connecting means, the orientation of the at least one front wheel is linked to the orientation of the rear wheels. This makes it possible in particular to turn on very tight curves, which is particularly useful in an urban environment. In addition, this connecting means makes it possible to provide additional stability to the vehicle, in particular in scooter mode. In addition, this connecting means facilitates the maneuverability of the vehicle in scooter mode and the control of the steering. This makes it possible to improve safety, for example by limiting falls and accidents. Thus, the vehicle according to the invention may convince certain users who are reluctant to use a scooter to use it.

This configuration of the invention with the connecting means can be advantageously implemented with a transmission means described previously to connect the rear axle to the chassis, the transmission means being capable of transforming the rotation of the chassis around a longitudinal axis into rotation of the rear axle around a vertical axis and vice versa. Indeed, thanks to this combination, the vehicle can be steered more easily, particularly in scooter mode.

Advantageously, the connecting means can be offset laterally relative to the longitudinal axis. This offset serves as a lever arm to facilitate the transmission of the orientation of the rear wheels to the front wheels or vice versa. This offset can be greater or lesser depending on the user's preferences and the mode of use of the vehicle in scooter mode.

Advantageously, the connecting means may comprise connecting rods and/or cables. This allows for a simple and lightweight mechanical transmission between the front axle and the rear axle without requiring an electrical or electronic system between the two. This connecting means does not require any electrical or electronic control means, nor sensors or other measuring means.

According to a first configuration of this variant of the invention, the connecting means may comprise at least three connecting rods connected to each other by pivot means (also called “ball joint means” or “swivel means”). In this way, the angle formed between the connecting rods may vary depending on the relative positions of the connecting rods around the pivot means of said connecting rods: in other words, the connecting rods may be in relative rotation with each other at the pivot means. The connecting rods may advantageously be connected to each other at their ends. The lengths of the connecting rods depend on the desired transmission movement between the front axle and the rear axle.

A first of the at least three connecting rods may, for example, be connected by a first ball joint to the steering mechanism (preferably to the steering column). As a result, a change in the orientation of the steering mechanism causes a movement of the first connecting rod (or vice versa) via the first ball joint.

A second of the at least three connecting rods can be connected by a second ball joint to the rear axle. Therefore, a change in the orientation of the rear axle causes a movement of the second connecting rod (or vice versa) via the second ball joint.

A third of the at least three links may be connected by a pivoting system to the chassis. This pivoting system may advantageously be located at a point positioned between the two ends of the third link, for example substantially in the middle of the third link, one of the two ends of this link being connected to the first link and the other end being connected to the second link. Thus, the third link can pivot around the pivoting system. The combination of these links, the pivot means, the first and second ball joints and the pivoting system allows transmission of the orientation between the two axles, in a simple and pleasant manner in terms of use for the user.

For this variant, the entire connecting means is located on one and the same side of the vehicle, laterally.

According to a second configuration of this variant of the invention, the connecting means may comprise two cables, each of the two cables being connected (preferably fixed) on either side of the steering mechanism laterally, and each cable may be fixed to the rear axle on the side opposite to the side on which it is connected to the steering mechanism, each cable being in sliding connection at a point on the chassis with the chassis, this point being located on the longitudinal axis. Thus, these two cables can transmit the steering from the front axle to the rear axle or vice versa. This cable system also makes it very light and facilitates convertibility.

When the steering mechanism steers the front wheel to the left side, for example, the cable connected to the steering mechanism on the other side (right) is then tensioned. Thanks to this cable, at the point of the sliding connection of the chassis on the longitudinal axis and the attachment of the cable to the rear axle on the opposite side (left), this tension of this cable drives the left side of the rear axle forward. As the left side of the rear axle moves forward, the right side of the rear axle moves back and tightens the second cable which is connected to this side (right) of the rear axle. Thanks to this second cable, at the point of sliding connection of the chassis on the longitudinal axis and the attachment of this second cable to the steering mechanism on the left side, this tension of this second cable drives the left side of the steering mechanism backward.

Obviously, since the cable connection is symmetrical about the longitudinal axis, if the steering mechanism turns the wheel to the right, the whole system works in reverse.

According to an advantageous configuration of this second variant of the invention, the two cables can be connected to the steering mechanism by a steering transmission system and the steering transmission system can then comprise a main link and a secondary link. The main link can for example be oriented in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and to the axis of the steering column and each cable can then be connected (fixed for example) to one end of the main link. In addition, the main link can be pivotally connected to the chassis around an axis substantially parallel to the axis of the steering column. In addition, the main link can be connected to one end of a secondary link, the other end of the secondary link being connected to the steering mechanism. This solution allows a good compromise between the maneuverability of the scooter, the simplicity of the system and the ease of installation of the system on the scooter. Indeed, with the rods, through the kinematics of the links, a non-linearity is obtained between the rotation of the handlebars and that of the steering mechanism. This non-linearity is interesting to facilitate the maneuverability of the vehicle in scooter mode. The use of cables allows to simplify the system, to lighten it and to make its installation on the scooter easier compared to a solution with only rods.

Advantageously, the vehicle may comprise at least one additional retractable wheel, the at least one additional retractable wheel being a steerable off-center wheel or a non-steerable wheel. This configuration is particularly advantageous when the vehicle comprises only two wheels (a single front wheel and a single rear wheel). Indeed, in this situation, the vehicle is naturally unstable. The addition of at least one retractable wheel allows for easier use in trolley mode and/or in rest mode of the vehicle (the at least one retractable wheel is then in contact with the ground) and use allowing limited friction with the ground in scooter mode, where the at least one retractable wheel is retracted (it is not in contact with the ground). In scooter mode, the scooter can be used with two wheels in contact with the ground, which allows for the behavior of a traditional scooter. When the retractable additional wheel is not steerable, it can advantageously be positioned at the rear of the chassis, so as to facilitate steering control. The use of retractable additional wheels of the steerable off-center type further facilitates steering control and therefore increases the vehicle's maneuverability (by limiting the effort required to handle the vehicle).

Preferably, the vehicle may include a parking brake to lock a front wheel and/or at least one rear wheel (e.g., two rear wheels) so as to keep the vehicle stationary when stopped. Indeed, when the ground is not horizontal but sloping, the vehicle may be driven into motion by the slope of the ground. The parking brake then makes it possible to keep the vehicle stationary on such sloping ground. The parking brake includes two positions: a “free” position where the vehicle can be used freely and a “locked” position where at least one wheel of the vehicle is locked without the user having to maintain pressure on the parking brake, unlike a braking system which is used to slow the vehicle in operation (and which is not intended to be maintained while braking). Indeed, the use of the braking system requires the actuation of a mechanism (a lever on the handlebars, for example) to maintain braking. Thanks to the parking brake, the vehicle can be parked in a parking lot with the parking brake in the locked position and the user can move away from the vehicle while it remains stationary even on sloping ground. The parking brake control can, for example, be paired (combined) with the transmission locking control.

Advantageously, the steering column may include a tilting means for tilting the handlebar backward (or forward). This tilting means may be a pivot or a joint. By means of the tilting means, the position of the handlebar may be moved back, relative to the position of the vehicle in scooter mode, so as to facilitate use of the vehicle in trolley mode. The tilting means also serves to move the position of the handlebar forward when changing from trolley mode to scooter mode. In addition, the tilting means may also assist in controlling the entire vehicle during conversion phases.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the chassis may comprise retractable feet, preferably positioned in the front part of the chassis, to prevent the machine from tipping over if it is jostled when in trolley mode. These retractable feet are retracted in scooter mode and extended in trolley mode. They can be actuated automatically when converting from one mode to the other, whether by a mechanical system or a system using actuators (for example jacks).

Preferably, the vehicle may comprise a suspension system positioned between the two gantries, the suspension system preferably comprising a spring and/or an elastomer. The location between the two gantries allows a suspension element to be added in a simple and easily adjustable manner.

Preferably, the vehicle may comprise a support structure, such as a basket for transporting goods or an animal and/or a child seat for transporting a child.

The support structure can preferably be fixed to the intermediate structure. By being fixed to the intermediate structure, the support structure is independent of the direction given by the steering mechanism. Thus, the transport of heavy loads does not negatively impact the steering of the vehicle, whether in scooter mode or in trolley mode and therefore the transport of loads is facilitated. This brings pleasure to driving, since the load does not bring heaviness to the steering. It also prevents the machine from tipping over when left stationary.

This configuration further improves vehicle safety.

Alternatively, the support structure can be attached to the steering mechanism, for example to the steering column.

Whether the support structure is attached to the steering mechanism or to the intermediate structure, the attachment of the support structure can advantageously be removable. With such a removable attachment, the support structure can be attached to the steering mechanism or to the intermediate structure and can be removed if necessary to reduce the space requirement, for example.

Advantageously, the vehicle may include a saddle, preferably retractable, so that the user can position himself seated on the saddle during use, for example in scooter mode.

Preferably, at least one of the front wheels and/or at least one of the rear wheels is a motorized wheel (or drive wheel). In other words, at least one of the wheels of the front axle and/or the rear axle can be connected to an electrical system comprising an electric motor and a battery, the electrical system being capable of driving said wheel and/or recovering energy from said wheel. In this case, the vehicle is electric in trolley mode and in scooter mode, the vehicle can be used as an electric scooter or as an electric trolley.

According to an advantageous variant of the invention, the at least one motorized wheel comprises an energy recovery system by electric braking. The electrical system can then serve as a braking system in operation and the energy can be recovered during braking, in the battery.

Alternatively, when no wheel on the front axle or rear axle is connected to an electrical system, the vehicle is a non-electrically assisted vehicle.

Advantageously, the motorized wheel may comprise a control means for limiting the speed of the vehicle, in particular in scooter mode and/or in trolley mode. The control means may be designed to have a speed limit dependent on the mode of the vehicle: for example, in scooter mode, the speed limit may be higher than the speed limit in trolley mode. The control means may for example comprise a control means (such as a trigger, positioned at the handlebar), or a force detection means (this solution is preferred in trolley mode), a force sensor for example, preferably installed on the steering column, connected to the motor of the motorized wheel to adapt the torque of the motor. Thanks to the control means, it is possible to limit the speed of the vehicle or its acceleration, so as to increase the safety of the vehicle and to comply with legislation.

The invention also relates to a method for converting the vehicle according to one of the variants or combinations of variants described above into a scooter or a compact vehicle (trolley mode). In this method, the front axle or the rear axle is blocked and the wheels of the other axle are used to tilt the gantries so as to convert the vehicle into a scooter or conversely to convert it into a compact vehicle (trolley configuration for example). The gantries are tilted backward for conversion into a trolley and forward for conversion into a scooter. Thus, it is easy to switch from one mode to the other, without effort and with few moving parts.

Preferably, when the vehicle comprises at least one motorized wheel, the front axle or the rear axle can be locked and a motorized wheel of the other axle can be used to tilt the gantries so as to convert the vehicle into a scooter or conversely to convert it into a compact vehicle. In other words, the axle which is not used for the motorized wheel is locked and the use of the motorized wheel then causes and facilitates the conversion from one mode to the other.

Advantageously, when all the wheels (excluding additional retractable wheels) are motorized wheels, the front motorized wheels can be operated in one direction and the rear wheels in the opposite direction to tilt the gantries so as to convert the vehicle into a scooter or, conversely, to convert it into a compact vehicle (trolley mode). This makes converting from one mode to the other even easier.

Thus, for these embodiments, the motorized wheels are then used as assistance during the conversion phases from one mode to another. They then take on the function of actuators for the conversion sequences.

• L’au moins une roue avant peut être actionnée en marche arrière pour la conversion de trottinette à chariot ;
• L’au moins une roue avant peut être actionnée en marche avant pour la conversion de chariot à trottinette.

If one of the front wheels is a motorized wheel, then at least one rear wheel can be kept blocked with the brake for example and:

• The at least one front wheel can be operated in reverse for conversion from scooter to trolley;
• At least one front wheel can be operated forward for conversion from trolley to scooter.

• L’au moins une roue arrière peut être actionnée en marche avant pour la conversion de trottinette à chariot ;
• L’au moins une roue arrière peut être actionnée en marche arrière pour la conversion de chariot à trottinette.

If one of the rear wheels is a motorized wheel, then at least one front wheel can be kept blocked with the brake for example and:

• The at least one rear wheel can be operated forward for conversion from scooter to trolley;
• The at least one rear wheel can be operated in reverse for conversion from trolley to scooter.

• L’au moins une roue arrière peut être actionnée en marche avant et l’au moins une roue avant peut être actionnée en marche arrière pour la conversion de trottinette à chariot ;
• L’au moins une roue arrière peut être actionnée en marche arrière et l’au moins une roue avant peut être actionnée en marche avant pour la conversion de chariot à trottinette.

When all wheels are powered:

• The at least one rear wheel can be operated forward and the at least one front wheel can be operated reverse for conversion from scooter to cart;
• The at least one rear wheel can be operated in reverse and the at least one front wheel can be operated in forward direction for conversion from trolley to scooter.

There FIG. 1 illustrates, in a schematic and non-limiting manner, a first embodiment of a vehicle convertible into a scooter according to the invention.

The vehicle is shown converted into a scooter.

The vehicle comprises a chassis 7, a front axle 41, a rear axle 9 and a steering mechanism. The steering mechanism comprises a steering column 3 and a handlebar 2 connected to an upper end of the steering column 3. The lower end of the steering column 3 is connected to a fork 4, itself connected to the front axle 41. Thus, the user can steer the vehicle via the handlebar 2 and the steering mechanism transmits this direction to the front axle 41.

The front axle 41 may comprise one or more front wheels 5.

The rear axle 9 comprises one or more rear wheels 11 and the rear axle 9 is connected to the chassis 7 by a joint whose axis is substantially horizontal. In this case, the rear axle is not steerable.

The vehicle also comprises two gantries 40 here located on two substantially parallel planes distinct from each other. The two gantries 40 are on the one hand each connected by articulations to the chassis 7 (at the level of the front part of the chassis 7) and on the other hand by another articulation to an intermediate structure 42. The intermediate structure 42 is connected by a pivot connection to the steering column 3 so that the direction transmitted from the handlebars 2 to the front axle 41 is not transmitted to the intermediate structure 42.

Thanks to the joints and the substantially parallel gantries, the chassis 7 and the intermediate structure 42 are connected by a deformable parallelogram formed by the gantries 40. By tilting the gantries 40 backwards, the vehicle can be converted into a trolley and by tilting the gantries 40 forwards (as shown), the vehicle can be used as a scooter.

A support structure 43, such as a basket or a seat, is here fixed on the intermediate structure 42 (but the vehicle could not comprise such a support structure 43).

The vehicle includes a seat 51 shown in broken lines to represent its optional nature. This seat 51 is preferably retractable so that it can be removed if necessary. When it is placed on the vehicle, the user can then sit on the seat 51, whether in operation or when stationary.

There FIG. 2 illustrates, in a schematic and non-limiting manner, a second embodiment of a vehicle convertible into a scooter and a trolley according to the invention.

The vehicle is shown converted into a scooter.

The vehicle comprises a chassis 7, a front axle 41, a rear axle 9 and a steering mechanism. The steering mechanism comprises a steering column 3 and a handlebar 2 connected to an upper end of the steering column 3. The lower end of the steering column 3 is connected to a fork 4, itself connected to the front axle 41. Thus, the user can steer the vehicle via the handlebar 2 and the steering mechanism transmits this direction to the front axle 41.

The front axle 41 may comprise one or more front wheels 5.

The rear axle 9 comprises one or more rear wheels 11 and the rear axle 9 is connected to the chassis 7 by a transmission means 10 capable of transforming the rotation of the chassis 7 (or of the support plate positioned on the chassis 7) around a longitudinal axis into rotation of the rear axle 9 around a vertical axis. The transmission means 10 comprises a pivot axis oriented in a direction BB which forms a non-zero angle r with respect to the longitudinal axis AA of the support plate (mounted on the chassis 7) and with respect to the vertical axis, in a vertical plane. This non-zero angle r makes it possible to transform the inclination of the support plate and of the chassis 7 relative to the longitudinal axis AA into rotation of the rear axle 9 relative to the vertical direction (or conversely to transform the rotation of the rear axle 9 relative to the vertical direction into inclination of the support plate or of the chassis 7 relative to the longitudinal axis AA) to orient the rear wheels 11, mounted on the rear axle 9, so as to facilitate steering.

The vehicle also comprises two gantries 40 here located on two substantially parallel planes distinct from each other. The two gantries 40 are on the one hand each connected by articulations to the chassis 7 (at the level of the front part of the chassis 7) and on the other hand by another articulation to an intermediate structure 42. The intermediate structure 42 is connected by a pivot connection to the steering column 3 so that the direction transmitted from the handlebars 2 to the front axle 41 is not transmitted to the intermediate structure 42.

Thanks to the joints and the substantially parallel gantries, the chassis 5 and the intermediate structure 42 are connected by a deformable parallelogram formed by the gantries 40. By tilting the gantries 40 backwards, the vehicle can be converted into a trolley and by tilting the gantries 40 forwards (as shown), the vehicle can be used as a scooter.

A support structure 43, such as a basket or a seat, is here fixed on the intermediate structure 42 (but the vehicle could not comprise such a support structure 43).

There FIG. 3 illustrates, in a schematic and non-limiting manner, different configurations of use of the vehicle convertible into a scooter according to the invention

Diagram a) shows the vehicle converted into a scooter, diagram b) shows the same vehicle in trolley version, diagram c) shows the same vehicle in trolley version with the handlebars moved back and diagram d) shows the same vehicle in scooter mode with a child supported in the support structure.

The vehicle comprises a chassis 7, a front axle 41, a rear axle and a steering mechanism. The steering mechanism comprises a steering column 3 and a handlebar 2 connected to an upper end of the steering column 3. The lower end of the steering column 3 is connected to a fork 4, itself connected to the front axle 41. Thus, the user can steer the vehicle via the handlebar 2 and the steering mechanism transmits this direction to the front axle 41.

The front axle 41 may comprise one or more front wheels 5.

The rear axle comprises one or more rear wheels 11 and the rear axle may be connected to the chassis 7 by a transmission means 10 capable of transforming the rotation of the chassis 7 (or of the support plate positioned on the chassis 7) about a longitudinal axis into rotation of the rear axle about a vertical axis. Alternatively, the rear axle may be connected to the chassis 7 by a horizontal axis rotation between the rear axle and the chassis 7, but without orientation of the rear axle relative to a vertical axis.

The vehicle also comprises two gantries 40 here located on two parallel planes and distinct from each other. The two gantries 40 are on the one hand each connected by articulations to the chassis 7 (at the level of the front part of the chassis 7) and on the other hand by another articulation to an intermediate structure 42. The intermediate structure 42 is connected by a pivot connection to the steering column 3 so that the direction transmitted from the handlebars 2 to the front axle 41 is not transmitted to the intermediate structure 42.

Thanks to the joints and the parallel gantries, the chassis 7 and the intermediate structure 42 are connected by a deformable parallelogram formed by the gantries 40. By tilting the gantries 40 backwards, the vehicle can be converted into a trolley and by tilting the gantries 40 forwards (as shown in diagram a), the vehicle can be used as a scooter.

A support structure 43, such as a basket or a seat, is here fixed on the intermediate structure 42 (but the vehicle could not comprise such a support structure 43).

In diagrams a) and d), the gantries 40 are facing forward and the vehicle is then in scooter mode. In diagrams b) and c), the gantries 40 are facing rearward and the vehicle is then in trolley mode.

In diagram d), a child may be positioned in a child seat that forms the support structure 43. This child seat may include equipment such as a seat belt and/or an opening in the front panel of the child seat for the legs to pass through. The child seat may also be configured so that during transport, the child is facing forward (the child faces forward) or backward (the child faces backward). This child seat could be replaced by a basket or any other structure capable of supporting goods. Alternatively, the child seat could be replaced by a basket for transporting goods or an animal.

The steering column 3 comprises a tilting means (such as a pivot) for tilting the handlebar 2 rearwardly. As shown, the steering column comprises a first tilting means for tilting the handlebar 2 from the position of diagram a) to the position of diagram b) (and vice versa) and a second tilting means for tilting the handlebar 2 from the position of diagram b) to the position of diagram c) (and vice versa).

The steering column 3 may include a length adjustment means for positioning the handlebar at the desired height, depending on the user (the user's height in particular) or the use (depending on the size of the goods and/or the size of the child being transported).

There FIG. 4 illustrates, in a schematic and non-limiting manner, the vehicle convertible into a scooter according to the invention, in two configurations of use, in top views.

The diagram on the left shows the vehicle in scooter mode and the diagram on the right shows the vehicle folded for use, for example, as a trolley.

The vehicle comprises a chassis 7 connected to a rear axle, the rear axle here comprises two rear wheels 11 (but could comprise another number of rear wheels).

The vehicle also includes a steering mechanism (not shown) connected to the front axle which includes the front wheel 5.

The vehicle also comprises two gantries 40, parallel to each other, connected to the chassis 7 by articulations 44. The two gantries 40 are also connected by articulations to an intermediate structure (not shown), itself in pivot connection with the steering column of the steering mechanism.

The chassis 7 comprises two side bars 7a and 7b substantially parallel to each other and a cross bar 7c. Each end of the cross bar 7c is fixed to a rear end of a side bar 7a/7b so as to substantially form a U open towards the front.

A support plate (not shown) may be mounted on the frame 7 so as to support the feet of a user in scooter mode.

In the diagram on the left, in scooter mode, the gantries 40 are oriented towards the front while in the diagram on the right, in trolley mode, the gantries 40 are oriented towards the rear and the front wheel 5 is located between the side bars 7a and 7b of the chassis 7.

There FIG. 5 illustrates, in a schematic and non-limiting manner, the assembly of the gantries 40 and the chassis 7 of a vehicle convertible into a scooter according to the invention.

The chassis 7 comprises two side bars 7a and 7b substantially parallel to each other and a cross bar 7c. Each end of the cross bar 7c is fixed to a rear end of a side bar 7a/7b so as to substantially form a U open towards the front.

A support plate (not shown) may be mounted on the frame 7 so as to support the feet of a user in scooter mode.

The gantries 40 each comprise two lateral beams 52, substantially parallel to each other, and a transverse beam 53 forming a bridge (or an inverted U, the transverse beam 53 being in the upper part). The ends of the transverse beam 53 are fixed to the upper ends of the lateral beams 52.

The lower ends of the side beams 52 are connected by joints 44 to the front ends of the side bars 7a/7b of the chassis 7. Thus, it is possible to move the gantries 40 forwards or backwards relative to the chassis 7.

In the diagram on the left, in scooter mode, the gantries 40 are oriented towards the front while in the diagram on the right, in trolley mode, the gantries 40 are oriented towards the rear and the front wheel (not shown) is then located between the side bars 7a and 7b of the chassis 7.

Since the two gantries 40 are connected by joints to the same intermediate structure (not shown), the gantries 40 remain on planes parallel to each other while they are manipulated forwards or backwards. They are elements of the deformable parallelograms between the chassis 7 and the intermediate structure (not shown).

There FIG. 6 illustrates, in a schematic and non-limiting manner, a locking system installed between the gantries of a vehicle convertible into a scooter according to the invention.

The gantries 40 are connected by joints 44 to the chassis (not shown)

The locking system comprises a lock 46 and a stop 45. The lock 46 is installed on one of the two gantries 40, in an articulated manner, along a lock axis 54 parallel to the substantially parallel lateral beams of the gantry 40 (each gantry 40 corresponds substantially to those described on the FIG. 5 with substantially parallel side beams and a transverse beam forming a bridge). The stop 45 is installed on the other gantry 40.

In one locking position (on the left), the lock 46 is supported under the stop 45 and in the other locking position (on the right), the lock 46 is supported above the stop 45. These lock 46 / stop 45 contacts make it possible to lock the positions and prevent any unwanted relative rotation of the gantries 40 / chassis.

To unlock the system, the lock 46 is moved apart by rotating the lock 46 around the lock axis 54. The gantries 40 can then be tilted forward or backward to the other locking position in which the lock 46 is brought back into contact with the stop 46 (above or below depending on the locking position).

There FIG. 7 illustrates, in a schematic and non-limiting manner, a vehicle convertible into a scooter according to the invention with a locking system and additional stops.

The locking system is similar to that of the FIG. 6 and will not be detailed again (the references correspond to the same elements as the FIG. 6 ).

There FIG. 7 is distinguished from the FIG. 6 by adding additional stops 47 on either side of the locking system comprising the lock 46 and the stop 45. The additional stops 47 are positioned on the same gantry 40 as that which supports the stop 45. The additional stops 47 serve to hold the lock, in each locking position, between the stop 45 and one of the two additional stops 47. Thus, the lock is wedged between these stops 45/47 and it is better held in position since it is then possible to limit the amplitude of tilting of the gantries 40.

There FIG. 8 illustrates, in a schematic and non-limiting manner, different variants of retractable support trays of a vehicle convertible into a scooter according to the invention.

The chassis 7 comprises two side bars 7a and 7b substantially parallel to each other and a cross bar 7c. Each end of the cross bar 7c is fixed to a rear end of a side bar 7a/7b so as to substantially form a U open towards the front.

A support plate 8 is mounted on the frame 7 so as to support the feet of a user in scooter mode.

The gantries 40 each comprise two substantially parallel side beams and a transverse beam forming a bridge (or an inverted U, the transverse beam being in the upper part). The ends of the transverse beam are fixed to the upper ends of the side beams.

The lower ends of the side beams are connected by joints 44 to the front ends of the side bars 7a/7b of the chassis 7. Thus, it is possible to move the gantries 40 forwards or backwards relative to the chassis 7.

In the various diagrams a) to c), the gantries 40 are oriented towards the front, corresponding to the scooter mode of the vehicle.

Since the two gantries 40 are connected by joints to the same intermediate structure (not shown), the gantries 40 remain on planes parallel to each other while they are manipulated forwards or backwards. They are elements of the deformable parallelograms between the chassis 7 and the intermediate structure.

The support plate 8 can be in one piece, that is to say in a single part as in diagrams a) and b) or in several parts (two parts) in diagram c).

Furthermore, the support plate 8 can be retracted on one lateral side (diagram a)), towards the rear (diagram b)) or on both lateral sides (diagram c)). Of course, other configurations could be envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention and in particular, at least part of the support plate could be fixed.

There FIG. 9 illustrates, in a schematic and non-limiting manner, a position of use in trolley mode in diagram a) and a rest position in diagram b) of a vehicle convertible into a scooter according to the invention

The vehicle comprises a chassis 7, a rear axle with at least one rear wheel 11, a front axle 41 with at least one front wheel 5 and a steering mechanism with a steering column 3 and a handlebar 2 attached to an upper end of the steering column 3. A fork 4 is attached to the lower end of the steering column 3 and serves as a connection from the steering column 3 to the front axle 41.

The vehicle comprises gantries 40 and an intermediate structure 42 which serve as a connection between the chassis 7 and the steering mechanism. The gantries 40 are connected to the chassis 7 by joints and to the intermediate structure 42 by other joints. In addition, the intermediate structure 42 is in pivot connection with the steering column 3 of the steering mechanism.

A support structure 43, such as a basket or a seat, is fixed to the intermediate structure 42.

The two porticos 40 are here located on two parallel planes, distinct from each other.

Thanks to the joints and the parallel gantries 40, the chassis 7 and the intermediate structure 42 are connected by a deformable parallelogram formed by the gantries 40. By articulating the gantries 40 towards the rear, the vehicle can be converted into a trolley and by articulating the gantries 40 towards the front (as shown), the vehicle can be used as a scooter.

A support structure 43, such as a basket or a seat, is here fixed on the intermediate structure 42 (but the vehicle could not comprise such a support structure 43).

In diagram a) on the left, the vehicle is in trolley mode with the gantries 40 facing rearwards, whereas in diagram b), the vehicle is in the rest position where the gantries are on substantially vertical planes and where the articulations between the gantries 40 and the chassis 7 are at the lowest possible point.

There FIG. 10 represents another variant of a vehicle convertible into a scooter according to the invention, with retractable feet.

The method of realization of the FIG. 10 is distinguished from that of the FIG. 9 by adding retractable feet 48. The other references correspond to the references already used in the previous figures and correspond to the same elements. They will not be detailed again.

The chassis 7 comprises two side bars and a cross bar so as to form a U open at the front. The vehicle here comprises two retractable feet 48, each of these two retractable feet 48 being positioned at the front of the chassis, preferably at the front end of each side bar of the chassis 7. The feet 48 are retractable so as to support the vehicle if necessary (feet 48 supported) for example in trolley mode, or to prevent them from coming into support (feet 48 retracted) for example when using the vehicle as a scooter.

There FIG. 11 represents another configuration of a vehicle convertible into a scooter, with a suspension system positioned between the two gantries.

The vehicle is shown converted into a scooter.

The vehicle comprises a chassis 7, a front axle 41, a rear axle and a steering mechanism. The steering mechanism comprises a steering column 3 and a handlebar 2 connected to an upper end of the steering column 3. The lower end of the steering column 3 is connected to a fork 4, itself connected to the front axle 41. Thus, the user can steer the vehicle via the handlebar 2 and the steering mechanism transmits this direction to the front axle 41.

The front axle 41 may comprise one or more front wheels 5.

The rear axle comprises one or more rear wheels 11 and the rear axle is connected to the chassis 7 for example by a transmission means capable of transforming the rotation of the chassis 7 (or of the support plate positioned on the chassis 7) around a longitudinal axis into rotation of the rear axle around a vertical axis.

The vehicle also comprises two gantries 40 here located on two parallel planes and distinct from each other. The two gantries 40 are on the one hand each connected by articulations to the chassis 7 (at the level of the front part of the chassis 7) and on the other hand by another articulation to an intermediate structure 42. The intermediate structure 42 is connected by a pivot connection to the steering column 3 so that the direction transmitted from the handlebars 2 to the front axle 41 is not transmitted to the intermediate structure 42.

Thanks to the joints and the parallel gantries 40, the chassis 7 and the intermediate structure 42 are connected by a deformable parallelogram formed by the gantries 40. By articulating the gantries 40 towards the rear, the vehicle can be converted into a trolley and by articulating the gantries 40 towards the front (as shown), the vehicle can be used as a scooter.

A support structure 43, such as a basket or a seat, is here fixed on the intermediate structure 42 (but the vehicle could not comprise such a support structure 43).

In addition, the vehicle comprises a suspension system 49 located between the two gantries 40. The suspension system 49 here comprises a spring but it could be replaced or comprise a polymer or an elastomer. This suspension system 49 could be located between the locks and the gantries stops.

There FIG. 12 represents a variant of a vehicle convertible into a scooter according to the invention with two wheels, a front wheel and a rear wheel.

Diagram a) illustrates the vehicle shown which here comprises two wheels: a single front wheel 5 and a single rear wheel 11. The rear axle on which the rear wheel 11 is mounted is connected to the chassis 7 and the front axle on which the front wheel 5 is mounted is connected to a steering mechanism not shown. The vehicle comprises two gantries 40 parallel to each other, each being connected by articulations 44 to the chassis 7 and on the other hand by articulations to an intermediate structure (not shown), itself in pivot connection with the steering column of the steering mechanism.

The frame 7 comprises two side bars 7a/7b and a cross bar 7c connected together so as to form a U open towards the front.

In diagram a), the gantries 40 are facing forward: the vehicle is in scooter mode.

Diagrams b) and c) show two possible options for the vehicle shown in diagram a).

Since the vehicle has only two wheels, it is relatively unstable at rest and is not easily maneuverable in trolley mode. To improve stability at rest and facilitate its use in trolley mode, the vehicle may include additional retractable wheels 50a, 50b.

For example, the vehicle may include two additional retractable wheels 50a, each positioned at a front end of each side bar 7a/7b of the chassis 7, according to diagram b).

Alternatively or additionally, the vehicle may comprise two additional retractable wheels 50b, each being positioned at a rear end of each side bar 7a/7b of the chassis 7, according to diagram c), i.e. substantially at the level of the attachments of the side bars 7a/7b with the cross bar 7c of the chassis.

There FIG. 13 illustrates, in a schematic and non-limiting manner, another variant of a vehicle convertible into a scooter according to the invention.

In this figure, diagrams a) and b) represent vehicle 1 converted into a scooter in a plane passing through the vertical axis and the longitudinal axis of the scooter, respectively with the vehicle wheels oriented in the longitudinal axis for diagram a) and with the front wheel oriented to the right for diagram b).

Diagrams c) and d) are views of the vehicle from above (in a plane orthogonal to the vertical axis), respectively diagrams a) and b).

The vehicle 1 comprises a steering mechanism with a steering column 3 and a handlebar 2 positioned and fixed in the upper part of the steering column 3. In the lower part of the steering column 3, there is a fork 4 which allows the connection of the steering mechanism to the front axle on which the front wheel 5 is mounted.

The vehicle 1 also includes the chassis 7 which supports a support plate 8 for example to support the user. In other words, the support plate 8 acts as a step.

The vehicle comprises two gantries 40 here located on two separate planes parallel to each other. Each gantry 40 is connected by articulations to the chassis 7 and to an intermediate structure 42 by another articulation. The intermediate structure 42 is in pivot connection with the steering column3.

The support plate 8 is connected to the rear axle 9 by a transmission means 10. The transmission means 10 comprises a pivot axis oriented in a direction BB which forms a non-zero angle r with respect to the longitudinal axis AA of the support plate 8 and with respect to the vertical axis, in a vertical plane. This non-zero angle r makes it possible to transform the inclination of the support plate 8 with respect to the longitudinal axis AA into rotation of the rear axle 9 with respect to the vertical direction (or conversely to transform the rotation of the rear axle 9 with respect to the vertical direction into inclination of the support plate 8 with respect to the longitudinal axis AA) to orient the rear wheels 11, mounted on the rear axle 9, so as to facilitate steering.

Furthermore, the vehicle 1 comprises a connecting means with connecting rods.

This connecting means comprises a first connecting rod 12 connected on the one hand to the steering column 3 (to the fork 4 of the steering column 3 for example) by a first ball joint 15 and on the other hand to a third connecting rod 13 by another ball joint.

The connecting means comprises a second connecting rod 14 connected on the one hand to the rear axle 9 by a second ball joint 17 and on the other hand to the third connecting rod 13 by another ball joint. In other words, the connecting means here comprises three connecting rods (other connecting rods could be used) and the third connecting rod 13 serves as a connection between the first and second connecting rods 12 and 14. The connecting rods are connected to each other by ball joints 18 and 19 which allow relative rotation of the connecting rods between them.

In addition, the third link 13 is connected by a pivoting system 16 to the chassis 7 at a point located between the ends of the third link 13, so that the third link 13 can tilt around this pivoting system 16.

Thus, when the handlebar 2 is turned to the right (as in diagrams b) and d) ), the front wheel 5 is steered to the right by the steering mechanism and the fork 4. As the first link 12 is fixed on the left side (but could alternatively be fixed on the right side of the scooter), the end of the first link 12 connected to the steering mechanism is moved forward. Consequently, the end of the first link 12 connected to the third link 13 moves forward and the third link 13 tilts around the pivoting system 16. As a result, the other end of this third link 13 moves backward (relative to the direction of use of the scooter). As this end is connected to the second link 14, itself connected to the rear axle 9, the second link 14 moves the left side of the rear axle 9 backward (see diagram d) ). Thus, the connecting means allows the rear axle 9 to be oriented from the steering mechanism. The orientation of the rear axle 9 (by its rotation relative to the vertical axis) causes the support plate 8 to be tilted by the transmission means 10.

Of course, if the steering mechanism is oriented to the left, the system is similar, except that the parts that moved forward when the steering mechanism was oriented to the right, move back and those that moved back when the steering mechanism was oriented to the right, move forward.

Of course also, on the FIG. 13 , the connecting means is positioned on the left of the vehicle but could be positioned on the right. The use of connecting rods allows for a system that works equally well when the steering mechanism is oriented to the left or to the right.

The connecting means is offset by a distance d from the longitudinal axis, so as to generate a lever arm. Of course, this distance d can be adjusted according to the user and the function of the vehicle: in fact, the greater the distance d, the greater the lever arm and the less it is possible to make tight curves.

The connecting means is illustrated here with connecting rods but it could include cables with connecting rods or only cables.

There FIG. 14 illustrates, in a schematic and non-limiting manner, an example of a means of transmission of the rear axle of a vehicle convertible into a scooter according to the invention.

In this figure, the vehicle comprises a support plate 8. On the underside of the support plate 8, the transmission means 10 is fixed. Alternatively, the transmission means could be fixed to the chassis.

The transmission means 10 comprises a base (“Base plate” in English) 31 fixed on the support plate 8.

The transmission means 10 also comprises a connecting shaft 36 (between the bridge and the base) and a bridge 32. The bridge 32 (“hanger” in English) comprises at least three ends. A first end 33 of the bridge 32 is connected to the base by a ball joint.

A second end 34 of the bridge 32 comprises a ring and the rear axle 9 is mounted on a third end 35 of the bridge 32.

The connecting axis 36, oriented in a direction D1 which forms a non-zero angle with respect to the longitudinal direction of the support plate 8 and with respect to the vertical axis, is connected on the one hand to the base 31 and on the other hand to the ring of the second end 34 of the bridge 32. The connecting axis 36 is connected to these parts by damping means 37 so as to allow a slight possible displacement in translation or in rotation of the connecting axis 36 with respect to the direction D1.

Thus, when the support plate 8 (or the chassis) is inclined relative to the longitudinal axis, for example by moving the user's weight to one side or the other, laterally, relative to the longitudinal axis, this rotation is transformed by a rotation around the vertical axis for the rear axle 9 by the transmission means 10, around a pivot axis D2, passing substantially through the first end 33 and the second end 34. Thus, the transformation of the rotation around the vertical axis of the rear axle 9 into rotation around the longitudinal axis of the support plate 8 or the chassis (and vice versa) is possible thanks to the pivot axis D2 which also forms a non-zero angle with the longitudinal axis and with the vertical axis to allow this transformation. This pivot axis D2 is generated by the structure described but of course, this pivot axis inclined relative to the longitudinal axis and relative to the vertical axis could be obtained by other embodiments of transmission means.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments illustrated and on the contrary embraces all variants.

Claims (20)

Convertible vehicle, in particular into a scooter (1) and/or trolley, comprising a chassis (7), a steering mechanism, a support plate (8) connected to the chassis (7), a front axle (41) and a rear axle (9), the steering mechanism comprising a steering column (3) and a handlebar (2) connected to a first end of the steering column (3), the front axle (41) comprising at least one front wheel (5) and the rear axle (9) comprising at least one rear wheel (11), the chassis (7) being connected to the rear axle (9) and the steering mechanism being connected to the front axle (41), characterized in that the chassis (7) comprises a crossbar (7c) and two sidebars (7a, 7b) arranged so as to substantially form a U, and in that the vehicle comprises two gantries (40) and an intermediate structure (42) in pivot connection with the steering column (3), each of the two gantries (40) being connected to each of the bars lateral (7a, 7b) of the chassis (7) and to the intermediate structure (42) by articulations, the two gantries (40) preferably being on two planes substantially parallel to each other. Convertible vehicle according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the support plate (8) is mounted on the chassis (7), preferably the support plate (8) being retractable. Convertible vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that the support plate (8) is in one piece, preferably tiltable towards the rear or to a lateral side of the vehicle. Convertible vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that the support plate (8) is in at least two parts, each part being able to tilt to one side and/or to the rear. Convertible vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vehicle comprises a locking system, preferably installed between the two gantries (40), so as to prevent the relative movement of the two gantries (40). Convertible vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that the locking system comprises at least one lock (46) mounted in an articulated manner on one of the two gantries (40) and a stop (45) mounted on the other of the two gantries (40). Convertible vehicle according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the locking system comprises additional stops (47) to limit the tilting amplitude of the gantries (40). Convertible vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rear axle (9) is connected to the chassis (7) by a transmission means (10) capable of transforming the rotation of the chassis (7) around a longitudinal axis into rotation of the rear axle (9) around a vertical axis and vice versa, the vehicle preferably comprising a means for locking the transmission means (10). Convertible vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vehicle comprises a connecting means between the steering mechanism and the rear axle (9) for steering the rear axle (9) from the steering mechanism of the front axle (41) or vice versa. Convertible vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vehicle comprises at least one additional retractable wheel (50a, 50b), the at least one additional retractable wheel (50a, 50b) being a steerable off-center wheel or a non-steerable wheel. Convertible vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vehicle comprises a parking brake for locking a front wheel (5) and/or a rear wheel (11). Convertible vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the steering column (3) comprises a tilting means for tilting the handlebars (2) backwards. Convertible vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the chassis (7) comprises retractable feet (48), positioned in the front part of the chassis (7). Convertible vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vehicle comprises a suspension system (49) positioned between the two gantries (40), the suspension system (49) preferably comprising a spring and/or an elastomer. Convertible vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vehicle comprises a support structure (43) for transporting objects, a child or an animal, the support structure being fixed to the intermediate structure (42), preferably in a removable manner. Convertible vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the front wheels (5) and/or at least one of the rear wheels (11) is a motorized wheel. Convertible vehicle according to the preceding claim 16, characterized in that the motorized wheel comprises a control means for limiting the speed of the scooter, preferably the control means comprising a control means, such as a trigger, or a force detection means, preferably installed on the steering column, connected to the motor of the motorized wheel to adapt the torque of the motor. Convertible vehicle according to one of claims 16 or 17, characterized in that the at least one motorized wheel comprises an energy recovery system by electric braking. Method for converting the vehicle according to one of the preceding claims into a scooter or a compact vehicle, in which the front axle (41) or the rear axle (9) is blocked and the wheels of the other axle are used to tilt the gantries (40) so as to convert the vehicle into a scooter or conversely to convert it into a compact vehicle. Method for converting the vehicle according to one of claims 16 to 18 into a scooter or a compact vehicle, in which the front axle (41) or the rear axle (9) is blocked and a motorized wheel of the other axle is used to tilt the gantries (40) so as to convert the vehicle into a scooter or conversely to convert it into a compact vehicle or when all the wheels are motorized wheels, the front motorized wheels are operated in one direction and the rear wheels in the opposite direction to tilt the gantries (40) so as to convert the vehicle into a scooter or conversely to convert it into a compact vehicle.