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FR2991193A1 - Device for washing biogas from e.g. agricultural wastes, so as to be injected into natural gas distribution network, has cooler comprising water slackened at pressure, where device washes gas at pressure by counter current water washing - Google Patents

Device for washing biogas from e.g. agricultural wastes, so as to be injected into natural gas distribution network, has cooler comprising water slackened at pressure, where device washes gas at pressure by counter current water washing Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2991193A1
FR2991193A1 FR1201570A FR1201570A FR2991193A1 FR 2991193 A1 FR2991193 A1 FR 2991193A1 FR 1201570 A FR1201570 A FR 1201570A FR 1201570 A FR1201570 A FR 1201570A FR 2991193 A1 FR2991193 A1 FR 2991193A1
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water
pressure
gas
washing
material transfer
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Pierre Michel Douineau
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Priority to FR1201570A priority Critical patent/FR2991193A1/en
Priority to FR1301255A priority patent/FR2991194A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1406Multiple stage absorption
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1456Removing acid components
    • B01D53/1468Removing hydrogen sulfide
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1456Removing acid components
    • B01D53/1475Removing carbon dioxide
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/10Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
    • C10L3/101Removal of contaminants
    • C10L3/102Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
    • C10L3/103Sulfur containing contaminants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/10Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
    • C10L3/101Removal of contaminants
    • C10L3/102Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
    • C10L3/104Carbon dioxide
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M47/00Means for after-treatment of the produced biomass or of the fermentation or metabolic products, e.g. storage of biomass
    • C12M47/18Gas cleaning, e.g. scrubbers; Separation of different gases
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2252/00Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
    • B01D2252/10Inorganic absorbents
    • B01D2252/103Water
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/05Biogas
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/06Heat exchange, direct or indirect
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/18Spraying or sprinkling
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/46Compressors or pumps
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/54Specific separation steps for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
    • C10L2290/543Distillation, fractionation or rectification for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/54Specific separation steps for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
    • C10L2290/545Washing, scrubbing, stripping, scavenging for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02CCAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/20Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of methane
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02CCAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

Abstract

The device has a material transfer column (6) i.e. decarbonator-dehydrator, comprising pressurized water that is slackened at a pressure close to atmosphere in another material transfer column, where the device washes gas at a pressure close to atmospheric pressure in an vertical cooling exchanger e.g. vertical cooler (1) such as desulfurizer, by spraying water from top to bottom against current of ascending gas and at another pressure of 5 atmospheres in the former transfer column by counter current water washing of ascending gas with a cold water at 5 degree Celsius approximately.

Description

La présente invention concerne l'épuration d'un gaz, composé principalement de méthane et de composés indésirables, tels que l'hydrogène sulfuré, le dioxyde de carbone, et la vapeur d'eau, en vue principalement de son injection dans un réseau de distribution de gaz naturel.The present invention relates to the purification of a gas, composed mainly of methane and undesirable compounds, such as hydrogen sulphide, carbon dioxide, and water vapor, mainly for its injection into a network of gases. natural gas distribution.

Les principaux procédés connus actuellement utilisent des techniques de perméation au travers de membranes ou bien l'absorption dans des colonnes de transfert de matière par des solutions aqueuses comportant des produits chimiques permettant des réactions d'associations sélectives, ou encore des procédés d'adsorption sur des charbons actifs ou sur des « tamis moléculaires ».The main processes currently known use permeation techniques through membranes or the absorption in material transfer columns by aqueous solutions comprising chemicals allowing reactions of selective associations, or adsorption processes on active carbons or on "molecular sieves".

Ces technologies présentent l'inconvénient d'être onéreuses à mettre en oeuvre, gourmandes en énergie ou présentent des déchets à retraiter. Le procédé, objet de la présente invention utilise, dans une première étape, l'eau sous une pression voisine de la pression atmosphérique pour, solubiliser l'hydrogène sulfuré et condenser une partie de la vapeur d'eau présente dans le gaz, dans un refroidisseur vertical dans lequel le gaz passe à contre-courant d'une eau descendant par gravité, puis, après une compression, le gaz est lavé sous pression à contre-courant par de l'eau froide pour solubiliser le dioxyde de carbone et condenser la vapeur d'eau dans une colonne de transfert de matière, enfin le gaz purifié appelé biométhane est détendu pour ajuster sa pression à la pression de l'utilisateur.These technologies have the disadvantage of being expensive to implement, energy hungry or have waste to reprocess. The method, object of the present invention uses, in a first step, water under a pressure close to atmospheric pressure to solubilize hydrogen sulphide and condense part of the water vapor present in the gas, in a vertical cooler in which the gas is passed countercurrently from gravity downward water, and after compression the gas is backwashed with cold water to solubilize the carbon dioxide and condense the water vapor in a material transfer column, finally the purified gas called biomethane is expanded to adjust its pressure to the pressure of the user.

Selon un mode particulier de l'invention, l'eau sous pression ayant solubilisé le dioxyde de carbone dans la deuxième colonne de transfert de matière, pourra être détendue à pression voisine de la pression atmosphérique dans une colonne de transfert de matière pour libérer les gaz dissous appelés évents, et être pompée et refroidie pour servir à nouveau d'eau de lavage.According to one particular embodiment of the invention, the pressurized water having solubilized the carbon dioxide in the second material transfer column may be expanded at a pressure close to atmospheric pressure in a material transfer column to release the gases. dissolved called vents, and be pumped and cooled to serve again with wash water.

Selon un autre mode particulier de l'invention, le gaz issu de la désorption, peut être comprimé à 19 bar a environ et refroidi vers -20°C pour être liquéfié en vue de son transport vers des utilisateurs de dioxyde de carbone, le gaz non liquéfié étant retourné en aval de la compression du biogaz pour être recyclé. Selon un autre mode particulier de l'invention, le gaz liquéfié peut être purifié par distillation pour des usages nécessitant une qualité supérieure de dioxyde de carbone, notamment pour des usages alimentaires. Selon un autre mode particulier de l'invention, l'hydrogène sulfuré solubilisé dans l'eau d'absorption du refroidisseur vertical, pourra être oxydée en sulfates de sodium, produit stable, dans un réacteur avec de l'eau oxygénée comme produit oxydant et une solution de soude pour en ajuster le pH. La figure 1 présente un schéma de circulation des fluides illustrant le procédé principal. La figure 2 présente un schéma de circulation des fluides illustrant le mode particulier de traitement de l'eau carbonatée.According to another particular embodiment of the invention, the gas resulting from the desorption may be compressed to about 19 bar and cooled to -20 ° C. to be liquefied for transport to carbon dioxide users, the gas not liquefied being returned downstream of the biogas compression to be recycled. According to another particular embodiment of the invention, the liquefied gas may be purified by distillation for uses requiring a higher quality of carbon dioxide, especially for food uses. According to another particular embodiment of the invention, the hydrogen sulphide solubilized in the absorption water of the vertical cooler may be oxidized to stable sodium sulphates in a reactor with hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing product and a soda solution to adjust the pH. Figure 1 shows a flow diagram of the fluids illustrating the main process. Figure 2 shows a flow diagram of the fluids illustrating the particular mode of treatment of carbonated water.

La figure 3 présente un schéma de circulation de fluides illustrant le mode particulier de traitement de l'évent issu du traitement de l'eau carbonatée. La figure 4 présente un schéma de circulation de fluides illustrant le mode particulier de traitement par distillation des effluents issus du traitement de l'évent.FIG. 3 presents a flow diagram of fluids illustrating the particular mode of treatment of the vent resulting from the treatment of the carbonated water. FIG. 4 shows a flow diagram of fluids illustrating the particular mode of treatment by distillation of the effluents resulting from the treatment of the vent.

La figure 5 présente un schéma de circulation de fluides illustrant le mode particulier de traitement de l'eau comportant de l'hydrogène sulfuré et issue du refroidisseur vertical. Selon un mode de réalisation, le gaz à traiter est issu de fermentation anaérobique de déchets animaux ou végétaux. Typiquement ce gaz contient 42% molaire de méthane, 54% molaire de dioxyde de carbone, 4% molaire d'eau et 600ppm vol d'hydrogène sulfuré. Ce gaz dit biogaz issu du fermenteur à pression légèrement supérieure à la pression atmosphérique et à environ 35°C, traverse de bas en haut côté tubes un faisceau de tubes (item 2 de la figure 1) contenu dans un refroidisseur vertical dit désulfureur (item 1 de la figure 1) avec à contre-courant un flux d'eau répartie uniformément sur le haut des tubes , traversant la faisceau par gravité de haut en bas.FIG. 5 presents a flow diagram of fluids illustrating the particular mode of treatment of water comprising hydrogen sulphide and issuing from the vertical cooler. According to one embodiment, the gas to be treated is derived from anaerobic fermentation of animal or vegetable waste. Typically this gas contains 42 mol% of methane, 54 mol% of carbon dioxide, 4 mol% of water and 600 ppm of hydrogen sulfide. This so-called biogas gas from the fermenter at pressure slightly above atmospheric pressure and at around 35 ° C, crosses from bottom to top on the tube side a bundle of tubes (item 2 of Figure 1) contained in a vertical cooler said desulphurizer (item 1 of Figure 1) against the current flow of water evenly distributed on the top of the tubes, passing through the beam by gravity from top to bottom.

L'eau chargée en hydrogène sulfuré (produit soluble dans l'eau) s'additionne d'une partie de l'eau présente dans le gaz sous forme vapeur et condensée dans le refroidisseur. Cette eau est évacué à la base du désulfureur en maintenant une garde hydraulique par une vanne de contrôle de niveau (item 3 de la figure 1). Un fluide frigorigène issu d'un groupe froid assure côté calandre le refroidissement de l'ensemble.The water charged with hydrogen sulphide (water-soluble product) adds up to a portion of the water present in the gas in vapor form and condensed in the cooler. This water is evacuated at the base of the desulfurizer by maintaining a hydraulic guard by a level control valve (item 3 of Figure 1). A refrigerant from a cold unit ensures the cooling side of the assembly on the radiator side.

Le gaz issu de la tête du désulfureur est comprimé à 10 bar absolu environ par un compresseur (item 4 de la figure 1) et est introduit à la base d'une colonne de transfert de matière appelée décarbonateur-déshydrateur (item 6 de la figure 1) pour traverser un média de transfert de matière (comme du garnissage structuré) (item 7 de la figure 1) qui est arrosé uniformément à sa partie supérieure par une eau à une température de 5°C environ et dite eau froide. Cette eau froide en traversant le média de transfert de matière par gravité, se charge en dioxyde de carbone et est évacuée en pied de colonne en maintenant une garde hydraulique par une vanne de contrôle de niveau (item 8 de la figure 1). Le gaz issu du décarbonateur-déshydrateur est détendu au travers d'une vanne de contrôle de pression aval (item 9 de la figure 1), pour être délivré dans un réseau de distribution de gaz naturel. Selon un mode complémentaire de réalisation, l'eau carbonatée issue du décarbonateur-déshydrateur (item 6 de la figure 1) est envoyée en tête d'une colonne de transfert de matière appelée décarbonateur d'eau (item 1 de la figure 2) pour traverser par gravité un média de transfert de matière (comme du garnissage structuré) (item 2 de la figure 2) qui est arrosé uniformément à sa partie supérieure par l' eau carbonatée et travaille à une pression voisine de la pression atmosphérique . Cette eau carbonatée en traversant le média de transfert de matière relâche à l'évent une grande partie du dioxyde de carbone qu'elle contient par la tête de colonne et est recyclée via une pompe (item 4 de la figure 2) puis un refroidisseur (item 5 de la figure 2) pour la maintenir à 5°C environ. Un fluide frigorigène issu d'un groupe froid assure côté calandre le refroidissement de ce refroidisseur. L'eau en surplus condensée par refroidissement du gaz dans le décarbonateur-déshydrateur est évacuée en pied de colonne en maintenant une garde hydraulique par une vanne de contrôle de niveau (item 3 de la figure 2). Selon un autre mode complémentaire de réalisation, l'évent issu du décarbonateur d'eau (item 1 de la figure 2) est comprimé par un compresseur (item 1 de la figure 3) à une pression voisine de 19 bar absolu avant d'être introduit côté calandre dans un condenseur (item 2 de la figure 3) appelé liquéfacteur. Un fluide frigorigène issu d'un groupe froid assure côté calandre le refroidissement du liquéfacteur. Le liquide formé appelé CO2 liquide est principalement constitué de dioxyde de carbone liquide et est évacué du liquéfacteur via un contrôle de niveau (item 4 de la figure 3) pour être envoyé vers des utilisateurs ou pour être stocké avant son transport. La pression dans le liquéfacteur est maintenue côté calandre, par une vanne de contrôle de pression (item 3 de la figure 3) permettant d'évacuer les incondensables, constitué principalement de méthane et appelé gaz recyclé. Ce gaz recyclé est réinjecté dans le circuit principal en aval du décarbonateur-déshydrateur (item 6 de la figure 1). Selon un autre mode complémentaire de réalisation, le gaz recyclé et le CO2 liquide sont introduits dans un distillateur constitué d'un rebouilleur (item 1 de la figure 4), d'une colonne de transfert de matière (item 4 de la figure 4) et d'un condenseur (item 3 de la figure 4). L'ensemble travaille à une pression de 19 bar absolu environ et à -20°C environ. . Le liquide formé appelé CO2 liquide purifié est principalement constitué de dioxyde de carbone liquide et est évacué du bouilleur via un contrôle de niveau (item 6 de la figure 4) pour être envoyé vers des utilisateurs ou pour être stocké avant son transport. La pression dans le distillateur est maintenue par une vanne de contrôle de pression (item 5 de la figure 4) permettant d'évacuer les incondensables, constitué principalement de méthane et appelé gaz purifié recyclé. Ce gaz purifié recyclé est réinjecté dans le circuit principal en aval du décarbonateur-déshydrateur (item 6 de la figure 1). La présente invention est principalement destinée à l'industrie du traitement des déchets agricoles, agroalimentaires, de station de traitement d'eau ou d'ordures ménagères, qui souhaite récupérer le biogaz de fermentation pour le réinjecter dans un réseau de distribution de gaz naturel.The gas from the head of the desulphurizer is compressed to about 10 bar absolute by a compressor (item 4 of Figure 1) and is introduced at the base of a material transfer column called decarbonator-dehydrator (item 6 of the figure 1) to cross a material transfer media (such as structured packing) (item 7 of Figure 1) which is uniformly watered at its upper part with water at a temperature of about 5 ° C and said cold water. This cold water passes through the gravity transfer media, is charged with carbon dioxide and is discharged at the bottom of the column while maintaining a hydraulic guard by a level control valve (item 8 of Figure 1). The gas from the decarbonator-dehydrator is expanded through a downstream pressure control valve (item 9 of Figure 1) to be delivered in a natural gas distribution network. According to a complementary embodiment, the carbonated water from the decarbonator-dehydrator (item 6 of FIG. 1) is sent to the head of a material transfer column called a water decarbonator (item 1 of FIG. gravity crossing a material transfer media (such as structured packing) (item 2 of Figure 2) which is uniformly watered at its upper part by the carbonated water and works at a pressure close to atmospheric pressure. This carbonated water passing through the material transfer media releases to the vent a large part of the carbon dioxide that it contains at the top of the column and is recycled via a pump (item 4 of Figure 2) and then a cooler ( item 5 of Figure 2) to maintain it at about 5 ° C. A refrigerant from a cold unit ensures the cooling side of this cooler side. The excess water condensed by cooling the gas in the decarbonator-dehydrator is discharged at the bottom of the column while maintaining a hydraulic guard by a level control valve (item 3 of Figure 2). According to another complementary embodiment, the vent resulting from the water decarbonator (item 1 of FIG. 2) is compressed by a compressor (item 1 of FIG. 3) at a pressure close to 19 bar absolute before being introduced calender side in a condenser (item 2 of Figure 3) called liquefier. A refrigerant from a cold unit ensures the cooling side of the liquefier side. The liquid formed called liquid CO2 consists mainly of liquid carbon dioxide and is removed from the liquefier via a level control (item 4 of Figure 3) to be sent to users or to be stored before transport. The pressure in the liquefier is maintained on the shell side, by a pressure control valve (item 3 of Figure 3) to evacuate incondensables, consisting mainly of methane and called recycled gas. This recycled gas is reinjected into the main circuit downstream of the decarbonator-dehydrator (item 6 of Figure 1). According to another complementary embodiment, the recycled gas and the liquid CO2 are introduced into a distiller consisting of a reboiler (item 1 of FIG. 4) and a material transfer column (item 4 of FIG. 4). and a condenser (item 3 of Figure 4). The assembly operates at a pressure of about 19 bar absolute and at -20 ° C. . The liquid formed called purified liquid CO2 consists mainly of liquid carbon dioxide and is removed from the boiler via a level control (item 6 of Figure 4) to be sent to users or to be stored before transport. The pressure in the distiller is maintained by a pressure control valve (item 5 of Figure 4) for discharging the incondensables, consisting mainly of methane and called recycled purified gas. This purified recycled gas is reinjected into the main circuit downstream of the decarbonator-dehydrator (item 6 of Figure 1). The present invention is primarily intended for the agricultural waste processing, food processing, water treatment plant or household waste, which wishes to recover the fermentation biogas for reinjection into a natural gas distribution network.

Claims (5)

REVENDICATIONS1. Dispositif de lavage de gaz à l'eau froide en deux étapes , la première à pression voisine de la pression atmosphérique dans un échangeur de refroidissement vertical avec pulvérisation d'eau migrant de haut en bas à contre-courant du gaz ascendant , la deuxième à une pression d'au moins 5 atmosphères dans une colonne de transfert de matière par lavage à l'eau à contre-courant du gaz ascendant avec une eau froide à 5°C environ.REVENDICATIONS1. Cold water gas washing device in two stages, the first at a pressure close to atmospheric pressure in a vertical cooling heat exchanger with water spray migrating up and down against the flow of the rising gas, the second to a pressure of at least 5 atmospheres in a material transfer column by washing with water countercurrent to the rising gas with cold water at about 5 ° C. 2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 selon laquelle l'eau sous pression issue de la colonne de transfert de matière par lavage à l'eau est détendue à une pression voisine de l'atmosphère dans une deuxième colonne de transfert de matière, puis pompée et refroidie pour être recyclée comme eau de lavage dans la colonne de transfert de matière par lavage à l'eau.2. Device according to claim 1 wherein the pressurized water from the water transfer material transfer column is expanded to a pressure close to the atmosphere in a second material transfer column, and then pumped and cooled to be recycled as wash water in the material transfer column by washing with water. 3. Dispositif selon les revendications 1 et 2 selon laquelle le gaz issu de la deuxième colonne de transfert de matière est comprimé à 19 bar environ puis refroidi vers -19°C pour être liquéfié partiellement dans un échangeur de chaleur appelé liquéfacteur.3. Device according to claims 1 and 2 wherein the gas from the second material transfer column is compressed to about 19 bar and then cooled to -19 ° C to be partially liquefied in a heat exchanger called liquefier. 4. Dispositif selon les revendications 1, 2 et 3 selon lesquelles le gaz issu du liquéfacteur est distillé pour sa purification.4. Device according to claims 1, 2 and 3 according to which the gas from the liquefier is distilled for purification. 5. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 selon laquelle l'eau issue de la désulfuration5. Device according to claim 1 according to which the water resulting from the desulfurization
FR1201570A 2012-06-01 2012-06-01 Device for washing biogas from e.g. agricultural wastes, so as to be injected into natural gas distribution network, has cooler comprising water slackened at pressure, where device washes gas at pressure by counter current water washing Pending FR2991193A1 (en)

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FR1201570A FR2991193A1 (en) 2012-06-01 2012-06-01 Device for washing biogas from e.g. agricultural wastes, so as to be injected into natural gas distribution network, has cooler comprising water slackened at pressure, where device washes gas at pressure by counter current water washing
FR1301255A FR2991194A1 (en) 2012-06-01 2013-06-03 PROCESS FOR PURIFYING BIOGAS

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FR1201570A FR2991193A1 (en) 2012-06-01 2012-06-01 Device for washing biogas from e.g. agricultural wastes, so as to be injected into natural gas distribution network, has cooler comprising water slackened at pressure, where device washes gas at pressure by counter current water washing

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018046778A1 (en) * 2016-09-08 2018-03-15 Inergyclean Technology, S.L. Device and method for increasing the content of methane in a current of biogas by means of a low-pressure airlift system

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US6881389B2 (en) * 2002-09-24 2005-04-19 Edg, Inc. Removal of H2S and CO2 from a hydrocarbon fluid stream
US20080134754A1 (en) * 2006-12-11 2008-06-12 Funk Michael N Process for converting biogas to a pipeline grade renewable natural gas
NZ553992A (en) * 2007-03-20 2008-10-31 Flotech Holdings Ltd Biogas treatments for increasing the methane concentration
US7811361B2 (en) * 2009-06-30 2010-10-12 Uop Llc Process for a gas removal zone

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018046778A1 (en) * 2016-09-08 2018-03-15 Inergyclean Technology, S.L. Device and method for increasing the content of methane in a current of biogas by means of a low-pressure airlift system

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