FR2942164A1 - Flexible composite laminate for forming covering strip of a secondary cryogenic sealing barrier for tank containing liquid methane, comprises a metal sheet intercalated between two tissues impregnated by a binder - Google Patents
Flexible composite laminate for forming covering strip of a secondary cryogenic sealing barrier for tank containing liquid methane, comprises a metal sheet intercalated between two tissues impregnated by a binder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2942164A1 FR2942164A1 FR0900661A FR0900661A FR2942164A1 FR 2942164 A1 FR2942164 A1 FR 2942164A1 FR 0900661 A FR0900661 A FR 0900661A FR 0900661 A FR0900661 A FR 0900661A FR 2942164 A1 FR2942164 A1 FR 2942164A1
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- France
- Prior art keywords
- laminate
- flexible laminate
- adhesive
- reagent
- flexible
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
- C09J5/06—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers involving heating of the applied adhesive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- B32B3/04—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by at least one layer folded at the edge, e.g. over another layer ; characterised by at least one layer enveloping or enclosing a material
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- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2463/00—Presence of epoxy resin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
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- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
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- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
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Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
Abstract
La présente invention concerne un stratifié composite souple formant bande de recouvrement d'une barrière d'étanchéité cryogénique secondaire pour cuve contenant du méthane liquide, une telle barrière secondaire comportant des bandes de ce stratifié souple collées aux jonctions de panneaux composites revêtus d'un autre stratifié composite sous-jacent, et un procédé d'assemblage par collage de cette barrière secondaire. Ce stratifié souple (9) est à coller à la jonction de panneaux composites adjacents revêtus des stratifiés sous-jacents (7), ces stratifiés comprenant une feuille métallique intercalée entre deux tissus imprégnés d'un liant. Selon l'invention, le stratifié souple est pré-encollé au moyen d'une colle thermofusible réticulable par apport de chaleur (208) appliquée à sa température de ramollissement sur celui de ses tissus (9a) qui est destiné à recouvrir chaque stratifié sous-jacent et sur un bord périphérique (115) du stratifié souple, de sorte à conférer à l'assemblage ultérieurement obtenu, via la réticulation par chauffage et sous pression de la colle au contact des stratifiés sous-jacents, notamment une résistance mécanique améliorée et une protection contre des fuites de liquide cryogénique.The present invention relates to a flexible composite laminate forming a covering strip of a secondary cryogenic sealing barrier for a tank containing liquid methane, such a secondary barrier comprising strips of this flexible laminate glued to the junctions of composite panels coated with another underlying composite laminate, and a bonding method of bonding this secondary barrier. This flexible laminate (9) is to be bonded to the junction of adjacent composite panels coated underlying laminates (7), these laminates comprising a metal sheet interposed between two fabrics impregnated with a binder. According to the invention, the flexible laminate is precoated by means of a hot-melt adhesive heat-transferable adhesive (208) applied to its softening temperature on that of its tissue (9a) which is intended to cover each laminate sub-adhesive. jacent and on a peripheral edge (115) of the flexible laminate, so as to confer on the assembly subsequently obtained, via the crosslinking by heating and under pressure of the adhesive in contact with the underlying laminates, including improved mechanical strength and protection against leakage of cryogenic liquid.
Description
i STRATIFIE SOUPLE POUR BARRIERE D'ETANCHEITE CRYOGENIQUE, CETTE BARRIERE COMPORTANT CE STRATIFIE COLLE SUR UN STRATIFIE SOUS-JACENT ET SON PROCEDE D'ASSEMBLAGE. i FLEXIBLE LAMINATE FOR CRYOGENIC SEALING BARRIER, THIS BARRIER COMPRISING THIS LAMINATE LAMINATE ON AN UNDERLYING LAMINATE AND ITS ASSEMBLY METHOD.
La présente invention concerne un stratifié composite souple formant bande de recouvrement d'une barrière d'étanchéité cryogénique pour une cuve contenant par exemple du méthane liquide à -162° C, une telle barrière secondaire comportant des bandes de ce stratifié souple collées aux jonctions de panneaux composites revêtus d'un autre stratifié, et un procédé d'assemblage par collage de cette barrière secondaire. Les barrières d'étanchéité secondaires des cuves de méthanier conçues selon la technique Mark III ou CS1 mise au point par la société française GTT sont actuellement à base de stratifiés de dénomination Triplex qui sont conçus pour s'opposer aux fuites de méthane liquide en cas d'avarie ou de rupture de la barrière primaire parallèle à la paroi de la cuve et au contact direct du liquide cryogénique. Cette barrière secondaire doit donc être étanche au gaz liquide pendant toute la durée de vie du méthanier, et doit résister aux nombreuses contraintes mécaniques et thermiques subies par le navire et par la cuve pendant son temps de fonctionnement. Cette barrière secondaire est située entre deux couches d'isolation respectivement primaire et secondaire, et sa fabrication se déroule usuellement selon les étapes suivantes, en référence aux figures 1 à 5 annexées à la présente description. On commence par fabriquer les panneaux composites dans des usines dédiées à cette tâche, ces panneaux étant constitués des deux couches d'isolation primaire et secondaire entre lesquelles est collé un stratifié Triplex qui est étanche au gaz liquide. Ces différents panneaux sont collés et fixés mécaniquement à la paroi de la cuve les uns à côté des autres. Comme illustré à la figure 1, ces panneaux 1, fixés à la coque 2 du méthanier par des organes de fixation 3 et une résine 4 déposée sur cette coque 2, sont constitués des deux couches d'isolation 5 et 6 précitées entre lesquelles est collé le cas échéant, un panneau stratifié souple, rigide ou (semi) rigide 7 et qui comportent chacune une mousse d'isolation thermique 5a, 6a en contact avec une plaque de bois 5b, 6b. Comme visible à la figure 2, on colle ensuite, par enduction au moyen d'une colle 8 usuellement de type polyuréthanne ou époxy, des bandes stratifiées de Triplex dites souples 9 entre ces panneaux composites 1 de manière à faire la jonction entre les stratifiés 7 en les recouvrant. De manière connue, ces stratifiés Triplex 7 sont constitués d'une feuille d'aluminium intercalée entre deux feuilles de tissu de verre imprégné d'un liant élastomère. C'est ce collage entre les bandes de stratifié lo souple 9 et les stratifiés sous-jacents 7 qui assure l'étanchéité globale de l'ensemble de la barrière secondaire. Pour réaliser ce collage, on déroule le stratifié souple 9 d'un rouleau de manière à le déposer au niveau des joints entre les plaques formées par les stratifiés 7 enduits de la colle 8, puis on met sous pression et 15 l'on chauffe ce stratifié souple 9 ainsi déposé pendant le temps nécessaire à une bonne réticulation de la colle 8 (typiquement pendant plusieurs heures de chauffage sous pression). Comme illustré à la figure 3, on peut mettre en oeuvre la mise sous pression et le chauffage grâce à des airbags chauffants 10 disposés sur la zone de collage et surmontés d'une barre de 20 maintien 11. Une fois ce collage effectué, on surmonte les jonctions entre panneaux composites 1 de plaques d'isolation primaires 12 surmonté d'une plaque de contreplaqué (également appelées Top Bridge Pads en anglais et visibles en vue éclatée à la figure 2), puis on fixe une barrière d'étanchéité 25 primaire (non illustrée) sur cet empilement. On obtient ainsi finalement deux barrières d'étanchéité alternées avec deux barrières d'isolation, le but étant de disposer d'une cuve totalement étanche au gaz liquide pour le maintenir à une température de -162° C environ. Les documents FR-A1-2 822 814 et FR-A1-2 822 815 30 enseignent d'encoller en continu chaque stratifié souple sur les stratifiés (semi) rigides par enduction de ce stratifié souple au moyen d'une colle thermofusible, à une température d'encollage de 120° C. Quant à la The present invention relates to a flexible composite laminate forming a covering strip of a cryogenic sealing barrier for a tank containing, for example, liquid methane at -162 ° C., such a secondary barrier comprising strips of this flexible laminate bonded to the junctions of composite panels coated with another laminate, and a method of bonding this secondary barrier. The secondary sealing barriers for LNG tanks designed according to the Mark III or CS1 technique developed by the French company GTT are currently based on Triplex name laminates, which are designed to prevent leakage of liquid methane in the event of leakage. failure or rupture of the primary barrier parallel to the wall of the tank and direct contact with the cryogenic liquid. This secondary barrier must be sealed to liquid gas throughout the life of the LNG carrier, and must withstand the many mechanical and thermal stresses experienced by the vessel and the tank during its operating time. This secondary barrier is located between two insulation layers respectively primary and secondary, and its manufacture is usually carried out according to the following steps, with reference to Figures 1 to 5 appended to this description. Composite panels are first manufactured in factories dedicated to this task, these panels consisting of two primary and secondary insulation layers between which is glued a Triplex laminate which is liquid gas tight. These different panels are glued and mechanically fixed to the wall of the tank next to each other. As illustrated in FIG. 1, these panels 1, fixed to the hull 2 of the LNG carrier by fixing members 3 and a resin 4 deposited on this hull 2, consist of the two aforementioned insulation layers 5 and 6 between which is bonded where appropriate, a flexible laminate panel, rigid or (semi) rigid 7 and each having a thermal insulation foam 5a, 6a in contact with a wooden plate 5b, 6b. As can be seen in FIG. 2, then, by coating with a glue 8 usually of the polyurethane or epoxy type, laminated strips of so-called flexible triplex 9 are inserted between these composite panels 1 so as to join the laminates 7 by covering them. In a known manner, these Triplex laminates 7 consist of an aluminum sheet interposed between two sheets of glass fabric impregnated with an elastomeric binder. It is this bonding between the flexible laminate strips 9 and the underlying laminates 7 which ensures the overall sealing of the entire secondary barrier. To achieve this bonding, the flexible laminate 9 is unrolled from a roll so as to deposit it at the joints between the plates formed by the laminates 7 coated with the glue 8, and this pressure is then heated and heated. flexible laminate 9 thus deposited for the time necessary for good crosslinking of the adhesive 8 (typically for several hours of heating under pressure). As illustrated in FIG. 3, the pressurization and heating can be implemented by means of heated airbags 10 arranged on the bonding zone and surmounted by a holding bar 11. Once this bonding has been completed, it is possible to overcome the junctions between composite panels 1 of primary insulation plates 12 surmounted by a plywood plate (also called Top Bridge Pads in English and visible in an exploded view in FIG. 2), then a primary sealing barrier ( not shown) on this stack. In this way two alternating sealing barriers are finally obtained with two insulation barriers, the aim being to have a tank that is completely sealed to the liquid gas in order to maintain it at a temperature of about -162 ° C. FR-A1-2 822 814 and FR-A1-2 822 815 30 teach to continuously glue each flexible laminate on the (semi) rigid laminates by coating this flexible laminate with a hot melt glue, at a sizing temperature of 120 ° C.
3 température de pose du stratifié souple sur les stratifiés rigides, elle est comprise entre 90 et 100° C. Un inconvénient majeur des méthodes d'assemblage connues réside dans le risque d'obtenir un collage insatisfaisant de chaque stratifié souple sur les stratifiés sous-jacents, qui peut mettre à mal l'étanchéité globale de la barrière secondaire formée par ce collage et provoquer au bout d'un certain temps un décollement des stratifiés souples générant d'importantes fuites de gaz liquide. En effet, ces stratifiés souples ainsi collés ne sont pas toujours à même de résister dans le temps aux fortes contraintes mécaniques dues aux mouvements du navire et aux nombreux chocs thermiques dont ils sont le siège, notamment lors des opérations de chargement et de déchargement de gaz liquide à -162° C dans la cuve. En particulier, l'expérience a montré l'existence d'un point de faiblesse (symbolisé par la flèche F à la figure 5) au niveau de la jonction entre la colle 8 et le stratifié rigide 7 encollé, car cet assemblage est soumis à des contraintes de cisaillement importantes (l'ensemble de ces contraintes est illustrée schématiquement par la référence C à la figure 4). De plus, il est très probable que des micro-fuites de gaz liquide puissent se propager à l'interface stratifié/colle des fils du tissu de verre encollé formant la surface externe du stratifié souple et/ou du stratifié sous-jacent, et puissent ainsi finalement traverser la barrière d'étanchéité secondaire, avec les graves conséquences potentielles évoquées ci-dessus. Un but de la présente invention est de proposer un stratifié composite souple formant bande de recouvrement d'une barrière d'étanchéité secondaire pour cuve contenant du méthane qui remédie aux inconvénients précités, ce stratifié souple étant destiné à être collé à la jonction de panneaux composites adjacents qui sont chacun revêtus d'un autre stratifié composite (appelé stratifié sous-jacent ci-après au sein de l'assemblage collé), ces deux stratifiés comprenant chacun une feuille métallique intercalée entre deux tissus imprégnés d'un liant. A cet effet, un stratifié souple selon l'invention est pré-encollé au moyen d'une colle thermofusible réticulable par apport de chaleur qui est appliquée à sa température de ramollissement sur celui de ses tissus qui est destiné à recouvrir le tissu externe de chaque stratifié sous-jacent et sur au moins un bord périphérique de ce stratifié souple, de sorte à conférer à l'assemblage collé ultérieurement obtenu, via la réticulation par chauffage et sous pression de cette colle au contact des stratifiés sous-jacents, notamment une résistance mécanique et une protection améliorées contre des micro-fuites de liquide cryogénique aux interfaces stratifié/colle à l'emplacement de ce bord (par d'éventuels défauts de collage à ces interfaces), en comparaison des assemblages collés de manière connue comme indiqué ci-dessus (i.e. par exemple avec une colle époxy). Par bord périphérique du stratifié souple, on entend ici toute ou partie de la tranche de ce stratifié comprenant à la fois, transversalement à ce stratifié, les extrémités des deux tissus et la feuille métallique d'intercalation. At the laying temperature of the flexible laminate on the rigid laminates, it is between 90 and 100 ° C. A major disadvantage of the known assembly methods lies in the risk of obtaining an unsatisfactory bonding of each flexible laminate on the underlying laminates. which can undermine the overall sealing of the secondary barrier formed by this bonding and cause after some time a detachment of flexible laminates generating significant leaks of liquid gas. Indeed, these flexible laminates thus bonded are not always able to resist over time the strong mechanical stresses due to the movements of the ship and the many thermal shocks of which they are the seat, especially during the operations of loading and unloading of gas liquid at -162 ° C in the tank. In particular, the experiment has shown the existence of a weak point (symbolized by the arrow F in FIG. 5) at the junction between the glue 8 and the rigid laminate 7 glued, because this assembly is subject to significant shear stresses (all of these constraints is schematically illustrated by reference C in Figure 4). In addition, it is very likely that micro-leaks of liquid gas may propagate to the laminate / glue interface of the glued glass fabric wires forming the outer surface of the flexible laminate and / or the underlying laminate, and may thus finally crossing the secondary sealing barrier, with the serious potential consequences mentioned above. An object of the present invention is to provide a flexible composite laminate forming a cover strip of a secondary sealing barrier for tank containing methane that overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks, this flexible laminate being intended to be glued to the junction of composite panels adjacent ones which are each coated with another composite laminate (hereinafter referred to as an underlying laminate within the bonded assembly), these two laminates each comprising a metal sheet interposed between two binder-impregnated fabrics. For this purpose, a flexible laminate according to the invention is pre-glued by means of a hot-melt glue heat-transferable adhesive which is applied at its softening temperature to that of its tissues which is intended to cover the outer fabric of each underlying laminate and on at least one peripheral edge of this flexible laminate, so as to impart to the bonded assembly obtained subsequently, by crosslinking by heating and under pressure of this adhesive in contact with the underlying laminates, in particular a resistance improved mechanical and protection against microleakage of cryogenic liquid at the laminate / glue interfaces at the location of this edge (by possible bonding defects at these interfaces), in comparison with bonded assemblies in a known manner as indicated hereinbelow above (ie for example with an epoxy glue). By peripheral edge of the flexible laminate is meant here all or part of the edge of this laminate comprising both transversely to this laminate, the ends of the two tissues and the intercalation metal sheet.
On notera que cette colle selon l'invention est ainsi appliquée, de préférence par enduction, sur toute la surface du tissu du stratifié souple tournée vers le stratifié sous-jacent après assemblage, ou tissu interne (tel qu'un tissu de verre imprégné de mélange élastomère qui forme la feuille externe du Triplex souple ), ce tissu et ce liant élastomère étant respectivement conçus pour conférer une résistance mécanique et une souplesse satisfaisantes à l'assemblage alors que la feuille métallique interne (e.g. en aluminium) a une fonction d'étanchéité. On notera également que la maîtrise avec laquelle cette colle est appliquée grâce au procédé décrit ci-dessus permet d'améliorer d'une manière significative la fiabilité de la résistance au décollement et aux efforts mécaniques de l'assemblage collé formant la barrière secondaire. On obtient cette résistance mécanique et cette protection améliorée contre les micro-fuites grâce à un collage effectué à chaud par cette colle selon l'invention de faible viscosité, qui imprègne de façon intime ledit tissu interne du stratifié souple et les tissus externes des stratifiés sous-jacents. On notera en outre que le stratifié souple ainsi pré-encollé en atelier est directement prêt à poser sur les stratifiés sous-jacents, par une simple activation de cette colle par apport thermique et sous pression au contact des stratifiés sous-jacents, ce qui permet de faciliter grandement 5 l'opération de pose tout en assurant la pérennité du collage obtenu. De préférence, cette colle selon l'invention est appliquée en outre sur le tissu externe du stratifié souple, au moins en une zone périphérique de ce tissu prolongeant ledit bord pré-encollé, de sorte à optimiser la résistance mécanique de l'assemblage. It should be noted that this glue according to the invention is thus applied, preferably by coating, over the entire surface of the fabric of the flexible laminate facing the underlying laminate after assembly, or internal fabric (such as a glass fabric impregnated with an elastomeric mixture that forms the outer sheet of the flexible triplex), said elastomeric fabric and binder being respectively designed to impart satisfactory mechanical strength and flexibility to the assembly while the inner metal sheet (eg aluminum) has a function of seal. It will also be noted that the control with which this glue is applied by means of the method described above makes it possible to significantly improve the reliability of the peel strength and the mechanical stresses of the bonded assembly forming the secondary barrier. This mechanical resistance and this improved protection against micro-leakage is obtained by hot gluing by this glue according to the invention of low viscosity, which intimately impregnates said internal fabric of the flexible laminate and the external tissues of the laminates under -jacents. It should also be noted that the flexible laminate thus pre-glued in the workshop is directly ready to lay on the underlying laminates, by simply activating this glue by thermal and pressure injection in contact with the underlying laminates, which allows greatly facilitate the laying operation while ensuring the durability of the collage obtained. Preferably, this adhesive according to the invention is applied in addition to the outer fabric of the flexible laminate, at least in a peripheral zone of this fabric extending said pre-glued edge, so as to optimize the mechanical strength of the assembly.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, cette colle peut être essentiellement le produit de la réaction, à l'état réticulé : - d'un premier réactif, tel qu'un isocyanate, qui est séparé physiquement et/ou chimiquement d'un second réactif, tel qu'un polyol, un polyester ou un polyéther, ce second réactif formant une matrice pour la colle, avec - ce second réactif, suite à un chauffage de la colle à une température seuil prédéterminée, cette colle étant de préférence monocomposant et par exemple de type polyuréthanne ou polyester-uréthanne. According to another characteristic of the invention, this adhesive may be essentially the product of the reaction, in the crosslinked state: of a first reagent, such as an isocyanate, which is physically and / or chemically separated from a second reagent, such as a polyol, a polyester or a polyether, this second reagent forming a matrix for the adhesive, with - this second reagent, following a heating of the adhesive to a predetermined threshold temperature, this adhesive preferably being monocomponent and for example of the polyurethane or polyester-urethane type.
De préférence, cette colle présente une température de ramollissement comprise entre 55° C et 65° C, pour son application à l'état liquide sans produire ladite réaction, et une température de réticulation comprise entre 100° C et 150° C. On notera que cet écart d'environ 35° C au moins entre la température de mise en oeuvre de la colle lors du pré-encollage du stratifié souple et celle de sa réticulation de cette colle lors de sa pose sur les stratifiés sous-jacents est bien adapté à la réalisation de cet assemblage par le stratifié souple prêt à poser. On notera également que la colle utilisable selon l'invention pourrait appartenir à d'autres familles chimiques que les polyuréthannes ou polyester-uréthanne, pourvu que cette colle soit réticulable par apport de chaleur (et non par l'humidité de l'air, pour éviter toute réticulation entre le pré- 6 encollage en usine et la pose sur le chantier naval), avec des caractéristiques mécaniques de résistance aux efforts mécaniques suffisants pour satisfaire au cahier des charges des barrières secondaires pour cuves de méthanier. Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, cette colle s thermofusible réticulable à chaud peut être appliquée sur le stratifié souple selon un grammage compris entre 50 g/m2 et 800 g/m2, de préférence au moyen d'une racle, d'un rouleau, ou d'un poudreur. Avantageusement, cette colle peut incorporer des moyens de visualisation conçus pour témoigner, par des couleurs ou nuances de lo couleurs prédéterminées, de son degré de réticulation ultérieure, par exemple pour témoigner d'un début de réticulation accidentel de la colle avant réalisation de l'assemblage ou de sa réticulation insuffisante lors du chauffage mis en oeuvre pour l'obtention de cet assemblage. Ces moyens de visualisation peuvent comprendre au choix : 15 a) dans le cas précité de la séparation au moins physique entre premier et second réactifs : - un composé qui est présent dans ladite matrice ou dans des capsules contenant ledit premier réactif et qui est respectivement apte à réagir sélectivement avec ce premier réactif ou avec cette matrice immédiatement 20 après l'éclatement des capsules en donnant un produit de réaction repérable par sa couleur au sein de la colle ; - un composé qui est présent dans des capsules supplémentaires autres que des capsules contenant le premier réactif et conçues pour éclater en même temps que ces dernières et qui est apte à 25 réagir sélectivement avec ce premier réactif ou avec ladite matrice immédiatement après l'éclatement simultané des capsules du premier réactif et de ces capsules supplémentaires en donnant un produit de réaction repérable par sa couleur au sein de la colle ; ou - un colorant qui est présent dans des capsules contenant le 30 premier réactif ou dans des capsules supplémentaires conçues pour éclater en même temps que celles du premier réactif et qui est apte à diffuser dans la Preferably, this adhesive has a softening temperature of between 55 ° C. and 65 ° C., for its application in the liquid state without producing said reaction, and a crosslinking temperature of between 100 ° C. and 150 ° C. that this difference of at least about 35 ° C between the temperature of implementation of the glue during the pre-gluing of the flexible laminate and that of its crosslinking of this glue when applied to the underlying laminates is well adapted to achieve this assembly by the flexible laminate ready to install. Note also that the glue used according to the invention could belong to other chemical families than polyurethanes or polyester-urethane, provided that this glue is crosslinkable by heat input (and not by the humidity of the air, for avoid any crosslinking between pre-gluing in the factory and the laying on the shipyard), with mechanical characteristics of resistance to mechanical forces sufficient to meet the specifications of the secondary barriers for LNG tanks. According to another characteristic of the invention, this hot-melt hot-melt adhesive may be applied to the flexible laminate in a grammage of between 50 g / m 2 and 800 g / m 2, preferably by means of a doctor blade, a roller, or a powder duster. Advantageously, this glue can incorporate visualization means designed to show, by colors or shades of predetermined colors, its subsequent degree of crosslinking, for example to show the beginning of accidental crosslinking of the glue before making the glue. assembly or insufficient crosslinking during heating used to obtain this assembly. These visualization means may optionally comprise: a) in the aforementioned case of the at least physical separation between first and second reagents: a compound which is present in said matrix or in capsules containing said first reagent and which is respectively suitable selectively reacting with said first reagent or with said matrix immediately after bursting the capsules to give a reaction product detectable by its color within the glue; a compound which is present in additional capsules other than capsules containing the first reagent and designed to burst at the same time as the latter and which is capable of reacting selectively with this first reagent or with said matrix immediately after the simultaneous bursting capsules of the first reagent and these additional capsules giving a reaction product detectable by its color within the glue; or a dye which is present in capsules containing the first reagent or in additional capsules designed to burst at the same time as those of the first reagent and which is capable of diffusing into the
7 colle immédiatement après l'éclatement des capsules de premier réactif ou de l'ensemble de ces dernières et des capsules supplémentaires ; et b) dans l'autre cas précité de la séparation chimique entre premier et second réactifs : - un composé ou un colorant qui est apte à réagir sélectivement avec le premier réactif ou avec ladite matrice immédiatement après l'obtention de ladite température seuil lors du chauffage, en donnant dans le cas dudit composé un produit de réaction repérable par sa couleur au sein de la colle, ou en diffusant dans celle-ci dans le cas dudit colorant ; ou - un colorant qui est présent dans des capsules conçues pour éclater immédiatement après l'obtention de ladite température seuil lors du chauffage, et qui est apte à diffuser dans la colle suite à cet éclatement. 7 glues immediately after the bursting of the first reagent capsules or all of them and additional capsules; and b) in the other aforementioned case of the chemical separation between first and second reagents: a compound or a dye which is capable of reacting selectively with the first reagent or with said matrix immediately after obtaining said threshold temperature during the heating, giving in the case of said compound a reaction product detectable by its color within the glue, or by diffusing therein in the case of said dye; or - a dye which is present in capsules designed to burst immediately after obtaining said threshold temperature during heating, and which is able to diffuse into the glue following this bursting.
Une barrière d'étanchéité secondaire pour cuve contenant du 15 méthane selon l'invention comporte des bandes de stratifié souple collées aux jonctions de panneaux composites adjacents qui sont chacun revêtus d'un autre stratifié composite ou stratifié sous-jacent, ces deux stratifiés comprenant une feuille métallique intercalée entre deux tissus imprégnés d'un liant, et cette barrière est obtenue par mise en contact à chaud et sous 20 pression, de préférence à une température comprise entre 100° C et 150° C, de chaque bande de stratifié souple pré-encollé selon l'invention sur les stratifiés sous-jacents qui sont eux-mêmes optionnellement encollés avec ladite colle thermofusible réticulable à chaud. Un procédé d'assemblage par collage selon l'invention de 25 cette barrière d'étanchéité cryogénique secondaire, comprend essentiellement les étapes suivantes : a) un pré-encollage en atelier de chaque bande fabriquée de stratifié souple, au moyen de ladite colle thermofusible réticulable à chaud appliquée à sa température de ramollissement, de préférence à une 30 température comprise entre 55° C et 65° C, i0 A secondary sealing barrier for methane-containing vessel according to the invention comprises flexible laminate strips bonded to the adjacent composite panel junctions which are each coated with another underlying composite or laminate laminate, both laminates comprising a metal foil interposed between two binder-impregnated fabrics, and this barrier is obtained by contacting under heat and under pressure, preferably at a temperature between 100 ° C and 150 ° C, each pre-laminated flexible laminate strip. -encolled according to the invention on the underlying laminates which themselves are optionally glued with said hot-melt glue hot-crosslinkable. A bonding method according to the invention of this secondary cryogenic sealing barrier essentially comprises the following steps: a) pre-gluing in the workshop of each strip made of flexible laminate, by means of said crosslinkable hot-melt glue when applied to its softening temperature, preferably at a temperature between 55 ° C and 65 ° C,
8 b) optionnellement, un encollage également en atelier de chaque bande de stratifié recouvrant les panneaux composites au moyen de cette même colle, puis c) sur le chantier naval d'assemblage de cette barrière à la paroi de cuve du méthanier, une mise en contact sous pression et à chaud, de préférence à une température de réticulation comprise entre 100° C et 150° C et pendant une durée variant de préférence de 30 secondes à 5 minutes de chaque bande de stratifié souple avec les panneaux revêtus des stratifiés sous-jacents (Par exemple, pour une température de 135° C, le temps de réticulation minimum sera de 3 minutes). On notera que le pré-encollage en atelier de chaque stratifié souple et optionnellement des stratifiés inclus dans les panneaux d'isolation permet de faciliter l'opération de pose de ce stratifié souple pour l'obtention de l'assemblage collé, et également de fiabiliser cet assemblage en assurant sa pérennité vis-à-vis des risques de décollage dans le temps. On notera en outre que ce pré-encollage présente les avantages suivants : - une maîtrise de la qualité des surfaces encollées, du fait qu'il est plus facile d'éviter la pollution de la surface sur le site de fabrication 20 que sur le site de pose, - un mouillage optimisé de la surface encollée par la colle et sa pénétration au sein du tissu du stratifié souple, et une maîtrise accrue de l'épaisseur de colle déposée, en comparaison des encollages réalisés sur le site de pose. 25 D'autres caractéristiques, avantages et détails de la présente invention ressortiront à la lecture de la description suivante de plusieurs exemples de réalisation de l'invention, donnés à titre illustratif et non limitatif, réalisée en référence avec les dessins joints, parmi lesquels : 30 la figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe verticale de deux panneaux composites adjacents en cours de fabrication pour cuve de B) optionally, a gluing also in the workshop of each strip of laminate covering the composite panels by means of this same glue, then c) on the shipyard assembly of this barrier to the vessel wall of the LNG carrier, a setting contact under pressure and hot, preferably at a crosslinking temperature of between 100 ° C and 150 ° C and for a period preferably varying from 30 seconds to 5 minutes of each flexible laminate strip with the panels coated with the sub-laminates (For example, for a temperature of 135 ° C, the minimum crosslinking time will be 3 minutes). It will be noted that the pre-gluing in the workshop of each flexible laminate and optionally of the laminates included in the insulation panels makes it easier to apply this flexible laminate to obtain the glued joint, and also to make it reliable. this assembly ensuring its durability vis-à-vis the risks of takeoff in time. It should also be noted that this pre-gluing has the following advantages: - a control of the quality of the glued surfaces, because it is easier to avoid the pollution of the surface at the manufacturing site 20 than at the site laying, - optimized wetting of the surface glued by the glue and its penetration into the fabric of the flexible laminate, and increased control of the thickness of glue deposited in comparison with the sizing made at the laying site. Other features, advantages and details of the present invention will emerge on reading the following description of several exemplary embodiments of the invention, given by way of nonlimiting illustration, with reference to the accompanying drawings, among which: FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view in vertical section of two adjacent composite panels being manufactured for
9 méthanier selon l'art antérieur, qui sont revêtus de stratifiés inférieurs destinés à former une barrière d'étanchéité secondaire par collage à un stratifié souple, la figure 2 est une vue schématique en coupe verticale des panneaux de la figure 1 dont les stratifiés inférieurs sont revêtus par collage s selon l'art antérieur d'un stratifié souple, la figure 3 est une vue schématique en coupe verticale montrant un exemple selon l'art antérieur pour obtenir sous pression le collage de la figure 2, la figure 4 est une vue schématique en coupe verticale 10 illustrant les contraintes mécaniques de cisaillement s'exerçant en fonctionnement sur le stratifié souple collé selon l'art antérieur aux stratifiés sous-jacents des figures 2 et 3, la figure 5 est une vue schématique de détail en coupe verticale montrant une zone de faiblesse de l'assemblage collé selon l'art 15 antérieur en référence aux figures 2 à 4, la figure 6 est une vue schématique de détail en coupe verticale illustrant les zones d'application d'une colle selon un exemple de réalisation de l'invention sur chaque stratifié souple assemblé sur les stratifiés sous-jacents, 20 la figure 7 est une vue schématique de détail en coupe verticale illustrant, en variante de la figure 6, les zones d'application d'une colle selon un autre exemple de l'invention sur chaque stratifié souple assemblé sur les stratifiés sous-jacents, la figure 8 est une vue schématique en coupe verticale 25 illustrant, en référence à la figure 1, une étape optionnelle du procédé d'assemblage de la barrière secondaire selon l'invention où les stratifiés sous-jacents inclus dans les panneaux d'isolation sont également pré-encollés au moyen de la colle de l'invention, la figure 9 est une vue schématique en coupe verticale 30 montrant partiellement une machine automatique de collage par chauffage et mise sous pression qui est utilisable pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé d'assemblage de l'invention, 2942164 io les figures 10 et 11 sont deux vues schématiques en perspective montrant un exemple d'encollage selon l'invention par enduction de chaque stratifié souple par la colle au moyen d'une racle, respectivement avant et pendant cet encollage, la figure 12 est une vue schématique en coupe verticale illustrant à titre d'exemple selon l'invention la zone d'enduction de chaque stratifié souple qui est obtenue par la racle utilisée aux figures 10 et 11, la figure 13 est une vue schématique montrant, selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, un exemple d'incorporation dans la colle des moyens de visualisation de degré de réticulation de celle-ci, et la figure 14 est une vue schématique montrant, selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, une variante d'incorporation dans la colle de ces moyens de visualisation. 9 tanker according to the prior art, which are coated with lower laminates intended to form a secondary sealing barrier by bonding to a flexible laminate, Figure 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view of the panels of Figure 1 whose lower laminates 3 is a diagrammatic view in vertical section showing an example according to the prior art for obtaining under pressure the bonding of FIG. 2; FIG. schematic view in vertical section 10 illustrating the mechanical shear stresses acting in operation on the flexible laminate bonded according to the prior art to the underlying laminates of FIGS. 2 and 3, FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic vertical sectional detail view. showing a weak zone of the bonded assembly according to the prior art with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4, FIG. 6 is a schematic view of FIG. in vertical section illustrating the areas of application of an adhesive according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention on each flexible laminate assembled on the underlying laminates, FIG. 7 is a schematic vertical detail view illustrating, In a variant of FIG. 6, the areas of application of an adhesive according to another example of the invention on each flexible laminate assembled on the underlying laminates, FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic view in vertical section illustrating, in FIG. 1, an optional step of the method of assembly of the secondary barrier according to the invention in which the underlying laminates included in the insulation panels are also pre-glued by means of the glue of the invention, FIG. 9 is a diagrammatic view in vertical section partially showing an automatic machine for gluing by heating and pressurization which can be used to implement the assembly method 10 and 11 are two schematic perspective views showing an example of sizing according to the invention by coating each flexible laminate with glue by means of a doctor blade, respectively before and during this sizing. FIG. 12 is a diagrammatic view in vertical section illustrating by way of example according to the invention the zone of coating of each flexible laminate which is obtained by the doctor blade used in FIGS. 10 and 11, FIG. 13 is a schematic view. showing, according to an embodiment of the invention, an example of incorporation into the glue of the means of visualization of degree of crosslinking thereof, and FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing, according to another embodiment of the invention, a variant of incorporation into the glue of these display means.
La colle 108 utilisable selon l'invention pour le pré-encollage en usine de chaque stratifié souple 9 (tel qu'un Triplex souple) et optionnellement en outre des stratifiés inclus dans les panneaux d'isolation 7, est de manière générale une colle thermofusible qui est réticulable spécifiquement par apport de chaleur. Cette colle 108 peut être principalement constituée de capsules d'isocyanates isolés insérées dans une matrice de polyols. Comme indiqué précédemment, pourrait également être utilisé tout autre type de colle même dépourvue de telles capsules insérées dans cette matrice, qui permettrait de pré-encoller chaque stratifié souple 9 en atelier de fabrication puis qui serait réticulable par chauffage sur le chantier naval. Le pré-encollage de chaque stratifié souple 9 est réalisé à une première température de ramollissement qui est par exemple proche de 60° C avec une colle thermofusible 108 de type polyuréthanne ou polyester- uréthanne, telle que la colle monocomposant commercialisée par la société Collano sous la dénomination HCM 555 . En effet, la matrice de la colle 108 est liquide à cette température, laquelle n'est toutefois pas suffisante pour libérer les isocyanates de sorte à éviter la réticulation prématurée de cette The glue 108 that can be used according to the invention for the pre-gluing at the factory of each flexible laminate 9 (such as a flexible triplex) and optionally furthermore laminates included in the insulating panels 7, is generally a hot melt glue which is crosslinkable specifically by heat input. This adhesive 108 may consist mainly of isolated isocyanate capsules inserted in a polyol matrix. As indicated above, could also be used any other type of glue even without such capsules inserted in this matrix, which would pre-glue each flexible laminate 9 in the manufacturing plant and then be curable by heating on the shipyard. The pre-gluing of each flexible laminate 9 is carried out at a first softening temperature which is for example close to 60 ° C. with a hot-melt glue 108 of the polyurethane or polyester-urethane type, such as the one-component glue sold by the company Collano under the name HCM 555. Indeed, the matrix of the adhesive 108 is liquid at this temperature, which is however not sufficient to release the isocyanates so as to avoid the premature crosslinking of this
>> colle 108. Une fois déposée sur le stratifié souple 9, celle-ci est refroidie à température ambiante et forme une couche continue et compacte de colle 108 à la surface de ce stratifié souple 9. Comme visible aux figures 6 et 7, la colle 108, 208 est appliquée, selon l'invention, non seulement sur toute la surface en tissu 9a du stratifié souple 9 qui est destinée à recouvrir le tissu apparent de chaque stratifié sous-jacent 7, mais aussi sur le bord périphérique 115 de ce stratifié souple 9 dans l'exemple de la figure 6 et, dans la variante de la figure 7, en outre sur la surface en tissu opposée 9b (i.e. externe pour l'assemblage collé) lo du stratifié souple 9 prolongeant ce bord 115 recouvert de la colle 208. L'application de la colle 108, 208 comme indiqué à ces figures 6 et 7 permet d'éviter la présence de points de faiblesse au niveau du collage du stratifié souple 9 sur les stratifiés sous-jacents 7, ce qui permet à l'empilement d'être plus résistant aux contraintes mécaniques subies en 15 fonctionnement, d'avoir un temps de vie plus long et une probabilité de rupture nettement plus faible. De plus, aucune micro-fuite ne peut se propager le long des fils constituant le tissu concerné du stratifié souple 9, grâce au recouvrement de l'extrémité de ce dernier par la colle 108, 208 et/ou la pénétration de la colle dans les fibres du tissus de verre du stratifié sous- 20 jacent. En plus du pré-encollage du stratifié souple 9, on peut optionnellement prévoir en parallèle un pré-encollage de la face externe de chaque stratifié sous-jacent inclus dans les panneaux d'isolation 7 par cette même colle 108, comme illustré à la figure 8. 25 La figure 9 illustre schématiquement à titre d'exemple l'utilisation d'une machine automatique de pose 120 de chaque bande de stratifié souple 9 sur les stratifiés 7 sous-jacents, qui est apte à chauffer (par exemple par rayonnement infrarouge et/ou par plaque chauffante) et à mettre sous pression la colle 108, 208 préalablement déposée au moins sur ce 30 stratifié souple 9. La machine 120, qui avance dans la direction de la flèche A, comporte notamment un rouleau 121 qui déroule le stratifié souple 9 pré-encollé sur le support sous-jacent 5 du panneau 1. Suite à la mise en contact >> adhesive 108. Once deposited on the flexible laminate 9, it is cooled to room temperature and forms a continuous and compact layer of adhesive 108 on the surface of this flexible laminate 9. As can be seen in FIGS. 6 and 7, the According to the invention, adhesive 108, 208 is applied not only to the entire fabric surface 9a of the flexible laminate 9 which is intended to cover the apparent fabric of each underlying laminate 7, but also to the peripheral edge 115 of this laminate 9. flexible laminate 9 in the example of Figure 6 and, in the variant of Figure 7, further on the opposite fabric surface 9b (ie external to the bonded assembly) lo the flexible laminate 9 extending the edge 115 covered with the glue 208. The application of the glue 108, 208 as indicated in these FIGS. 6 and 7 makes it possible to avoid the presence of weak points in the gluing of the flexible laminate 9 on the underlying laminates 7, which allows to the stack to be more resistan t to the mechanical stresses undergone in operation, to have a longer life time and a significantly lower probability of failure. In addition, no micro-leakage can propagate along the son constituting the concerned fabric of the flexible laminate 9, by covering the end of the latter by the glue 108, 208 and / or the penetration of the glue into the fibers of the glass fabric of the underlying laminate. In addition to the pre-gluing of the flexible laminate 9, it is optionally possible in parallel to pre-glue the external face of each underlying laminate included in the insulation panels 7 by the same adhesive 108, as illustrated in FIG. FIG. 9 schematically illustrates by way of example the use of an automatic laying machine 120 of each flexible laminate strip 9 on the underlying laminates 7, which is capable of heating (for example by infrared radiation and / or by heating plate) and to put under pressure the adhesive 108, 208 previously deposited at least on this flexible laminate 9. The machine 120, which advances in the direction of arrow A, comprises in particular a roller 121 which unwinds flexible laminate 9 pre-glued on the underlying support 5 of the panel 1. Following the contacting
12 des stratifiés 7 et 9 sous une pression par exemple de l'ordre de 0,05 MPa, la température de chauffe - de l'ordre de 135° C pendant 3 à 4 minutes dans l'exemple de la colle HCM 555 - permet à cette colle de réticuler, de sorte que la colle 108, 208 finalement réticulée présente l'ensemble de ses caractéristiques de résistance et d'étanchéité, notamment. Comme indiqué ci-dessus, cette méthode d'assemblage de la barrière secondaire d'étanchéité présente plusieurs avantages par rapport à l'art antérieur, avec notamment : - un gain de temps important grâce au pré-encollage du stratifié souple 9 et à la pose automatique en quelques minutes de ce stratifié 9, s'accompagnant de la réticulation de la colle 108, 208 sous pression ; et - un collage plus fiable, plus robuste et plus résistant aux nombreuses contraintes qui lui seront appliquées en fonctionnement. Les figures 10 à 12 illustrent un exemple selon l'invention de dispositif de pré-encollage 130 de chaque stratifié souple 9, utilisant une technique d'enduction au moyen d'une racle 131 qui surmonte un tapis roulant 132 et qui est plus large que la bande de stratifié 9 à enduire, de sorte que la colle 108 soit déposée sur la surface 9a du stratifié 9 (i.e. sur le dessus, voir figure 12) destinée à former l'interface de collage avec les stratifiés sous- jacents 7 et sur les bords périphériques 115 du stratifié 9. On notera que cette méthode permet de contrôler rigoureusement l'épaisseur de colle 108 déposée sur ces deux surfaces 9a, 115. Les figures 13 et 14 illustrent des exemples d'incorporation de moyens de visualisation conçus pour témoigner, par des couleurs ou nuances de couleurs prédéterminées, du degré de réticulation de la colle 108', 108", par exemple pour témoigner d'un éventuel début de réticulation accidentel de celle-ci avant réalisation de l'assemblage (par exemple si la colle est soumise à des températures trop élevées pendant des temps très longs lors de son transport, ou également d'une pression mécanique importante appliquée sur la colle qui pourrait engendrer un éclatement prématuré des capsules ou de sa réticulation correcte ou insuffisante lors du chauffage mis en oeuvre pour le collage. En effet, bien qu'une température de 120° C soit impossible à 12 laminates 7 and 9 under a pressure for example of the order of 0.05 MPa, the heating temperature - of the order of 135 ° C for 3 to 4 minutes in the example of HCM 555 glue - allows to this adhesive to crosslink, so that the glue 108, 208 finally crosslinked has all of its characteristics of resistance and sealing, in particular. As indicated above, this method of assembling the secondary barrier has several advantages over the prior art, including: - a significant time saving thanks to the pre-gluing of the flexible laminate 9 and the automatic installation in a few minutes of this laminate 9, accompanied by the crosslinking of the adhesive 108, 208 under pressure; and - a bond that is more reliable, more robust and more resistant to the many constraints that will be applied to it in operation. Figures 10 to 12 illustrate an example according to the invention of pre-gluing device 130 of each flexible laminate 9, using a coating technique by means of a doctor blade 131 which overcomes a conveyor belt 132 and which is wider than the strip of laminate 9 to be coated, so that the adhesive 108 is deposited on the surface 9a of the laminate 9 (ie on the top, see FIG. 12) intended to form the bonding interface with the underlying laminates 7 and on the peripheral edges 115 of the laminate 9. Note that this method allows to strictly control the thickness of adhesive 108 deposited on these two surfaces 9a, 115. Figures 13 and 14 illustrate examples of incorporation of visualization means designed to testify , by predetermined colors or color shades, the degree of crosslinking of the adhesive 108 ', 108 ", for example to testify to a possible beginning of accidental crosslinking thereof before producing the assembly (for example, if the adhesive is subjected to excessively high temperatures for very long periods of time during its transport, or also to a high mechanical pressure applied to the adhesive which could cause premature bursting of the capsules or its correct crosslinking or insufficient during heating used for gluing. Indeed, although a temperature of 120 ° C is impossible to
13 atteindre pendant le transport d'un produit, il est possible d'atteindre accidentellement des températures de 60° C plusieurs heures par jour et pendant plusieurs jours. Et si la colle 108', 108" a commencé à réticuler avant sa mise en oeuvre, cela pourrait conduire à une mise en oeuvre difficile, à une mauvaise adhésion sur les matériaux à coller, à une mauvaise résistance du collage ou à une mauvaise étanchéité de celui-ci. Comme indiqué ci-dessus, la colle 108', 108" peut comprendre le produit de la réaction, à l'état réticulé, d'au moins un réactif R1 contenu dans des capsules 108a, tel qu'un isocyanate, avec une matrice 108b contenant ces capsules 108a et à base d'au moins un autre réactif R2, tel qu'un polyol, cette réaction ayant lieu immédiatement suite à l'éclatement des capsules 108a qui se produit si la température est suffisamment élevée pendant un temps assez long. En d'autres termes, l'encapsulation permet d'isoler le ou chaque réactif R1 vis-à-vis du ou de chaque réactif R2 avant la réticulation de la colle 108', 108". Les moyens de visualisation de la réticulation ou nonréticulation de la colle 108', 108" peuvent comprendre au choix, dans cet exemple illustré de séparation physique entre réactifs R1 et R2 via ces capsules 108a : - en référence à la figure 13 : un composé qui est présent dans la matrice 108b - composé Cl - ou dans les capsules 108a - composé C2 - et qui est respectivement apte à réagir rapidement avec le réactif R1 ou R2 après l'éclatement des capsules 108a en donnant un produit de réaction repérable par sa couleur au sein de la colle 108' (en plus de la réaction entre R1 et R2) ; - en référence à la figure 14 : un composé C3 qui est présent dans des capsules supplémentaires 108c autres que celles 108a contenant le réactif R1 et conçues pour éclater en même temps que ces dernières et qui est apte à réagir rapidement avec R1 ou R2 après l'éclatement simultané des capsules 108a et 108c en donnant un produit de réaction repérable par sa couleur au sein de la colle 108" (en plus de la réaction entre R1 et R2) ; ou 5 14 - en référence à la figure 13 ou 14 : un colorant (non illustré) qui est présent avec R1 dans les capsules 108a ou bien seul dans les capsules 108c et qui peut diffuser dans la colle 108', 108" immédiatement après l'éclatement des capsules 108a ou 108a et 108c, selon le cas. Dans le cas particulier de la figure 14 impliquant deux types de capsules 108a et 108c, on notera qu'elles doivent être calibrées pour éclater exactement au même moment en cas de surchauffe de la colle 108" pendant un temps suffisamment long. During the transportation of a product, it is possible to accidentally reach temperatures of 60 ° C for several hours a day and for several days. And if the glue 108 ', 108 "has begun to crosslink before its implementation, this could lead to a difficult implementation, poor adhesion to the materials to be bonded, poor adhesion strength or poor sealing As noted above, the adhesive 108 ', 108 "may comprise the product of the cross-linked reaction of at least one R1 reagent contained in capsules 108a, such as an isocyanate. , with a matrix 108b containing these capsules 108a and based on at least one other reagent R2, such as a polyol, this reaction taking place immediately after the bursting of the capsules 108a which occurs if the temperature is sufficiently high during a long time. In other words, the encapsulation makes it possible to isolate the or each reagent R1 with respect to the or each reagent R2 before crosslinking the glue 108 ', 108 ".The means for visualizing the crosslinking or noncracking glue 108 ', 108 "may optionally comprise, in this example illustrated physical separation between reagents R1 and R2 via these capsules 108a: - with reference to Figure 13: a compound that is present in the matrix 108b - compound Cl - or in the capsules 108a - compound C2 - and which is respectively able to react rapidly with the reagent R1 or R2 after the bursting of the capsules 108a to give a reaction product markable by its color within the glue 108 '(in more of the reaction between R1 and R2); with reference to FIG. 14: a compound C3 which is present in additional capsules 108c other than those 108a containing the reagent R1 and designed to burst at the same time as the latter and which is capable of reacting rapidly with R1 or R2 after simultaneous bursting of the capsules 108a and 108c to give a color-recognizable reaction product within the glue 108 "(in addition to the reaction between R1 and R2), or with reference to Fig. 13 or 14: a dye (not shown) which is present with R1 in the capsules 108a or alone in the capsules 108c and which can diffuse into the glue 108 ', 108 "immediately after the bursting of the capsules 108a or 108a and 108c, as the case may be . In the particular case of Figure 14 involving two types of capsules 108a and 108c, note that they must be calibrated to burst at exactly the same time in case of overheating of the adhesive 108 "for a sufficiently long time.
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0900661A FR2942164B1 (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2009-02-13 | FLEXIBLE LAMINATE FOR CRYOGENIC SEALING BARRIER, THIS BARRIER COMPRISING THE LAMINATE LAMINATE ON AN UNDERLYING LAMINATE AND METHOD FOR ASSEMBLING THE SAME |
| JP2010027681A JP5980470B2 (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2010-02-10 | Method for assembling a barrier in which a soft laminate for a cryogenic sealing barrier is joined to a laminate beneath it |
| KR1020100013249A KR101831201B1 (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2010-02-12 | Flexible laminate for cryogenic sealing barrier, this barrier comprising this laminate bonded to a subjacent laminate and process for assembling same |
| CN201010119466.5A CN101804707B (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2010-02-22 | Flexible composite laminate used for secondary cryogenic sealing barrier and adhered with lower laminate and its assembling method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0900661A FR2942164B1 (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2009-02-13 | FLEXIBLE LAMINATE FOR CRYOGENIC SEALING BARRIER, THIS BARRIER COMPRISING THE LAMINATE LAMINATE ON AN UNDERLYING LAMINATE AND METHOD FOR ASSEMBLING THE SAME |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2942164A1 true FR2942164A1 (en) | 2010-08-20 |
| FR2942164B1 FR2942164B1 (en) | 2011-03-18 |
Family
ID=41138778
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0900661A Active FR2942164B1 (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2009-02-13 | FLEXIBLE LAMINATE FOR CRYOGENIC SEALING BARRIER, THIS BARRIER COMPRISING THE LAMINATE LAMINATE ON AN UNDERLYING LAMINATE AND METHOD FOR ASSEMBLING THE SAME |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5980470B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101831201B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101804707B (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2942164B1 (en) |
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| CN104712899B (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2017-11-03 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of cryogenic liquid accumulating tank of vacuum heat-insulating plate insulation |
| DE102014015961A1 (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2016-05-04 | Sig Technology Ag | Container precursor, in particular for producing a food container, from a laminate with peeled and partially turned on itself edge region |
| CN106032578B (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2018-06-29 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of gap-filled processes for preventing zinc-plated acid reflux |
| FR3086950B1 (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2020-12-25 | Hutchinson | RUBBER COMPOSITION FOR DYNAMIC APPLICATIONS, ITS PREPARATION PROCESS, PRODUCTS INCORPORATED AND USES |
| CN112208109B (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2022-06-03 | 南京中宇自动化有限公司 | Flexible hot-pressing device for bonding secondary screen wall of Mark type cargo containment system and hot-pressing method thereof |
| CN115742118A (en) * | 2022-11-18 | 2023-03-07 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for curing and connecting carbon fiber composite material by microwave heating |
| CN117023029B (en) * | 2023-09-07 | 2024-02-27 | 广东百能家居有限公司 | Automatic honeycomb panel production line and method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2822815A1 (en) * | 2001-03-27 | 2002-10-04 | Gaz Transport & Technigaz | Process, for forming insulating and watertight wall for use in marine gas transport, involves sticking together band using glue |
| WO2007052961A1 (en) * | 2005-11-03 | 2007-05-10 | Seong-Uk Lee | Bonding method between secondary gas barrier and insulation panel using heating pad |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3819085A (en) * | 1972-03-28 | 1974-06-25 | American Can Co | Lap side seam of metal, tubular body and method for making same |
| BR9404200A (en) * | 1993-02-12 | 1999-06-15 | Essex Specialty Prod | Storable modular component Process for bonding a modulated component to another component and latent reactive polyurethane adhesive |
| GB9322092D0 (en) * | 1993-10-27 | 1993-12-15 | Raychem Sa Nv | Article and method for protecting substrates |
| US6331080B1 (en) * | 1998-07-15 | 2001-12-18 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Optical fiber connector using colored photocurable adhesive |
| KR20020025873A (en) * | 1999-05-25 | 2002-04-04 | 비케이아이 홀딩 코포레이션 | Multifunctional fibrous material with improved edge seal |
| FR2822814B1 (en) * | 2001-03-27 | 2003-09-26 | Gaz Transport & Technigaz | MACHINE FOR BONDING A STRIP, METHOD FOR BONDING A STRIP FOR PRODUCING AN INSULATING AND WATERPROOF WALL, AND INSULATING AND WATERPROOF WALL |
| KR100557354B1 (en) * | 2003-08-08 | 2006-03-06 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | Insulation barrier construction method for LNG carrier |
| FR2911576B1 (en) * | 2007-01-23 | 2009-03-06 | Alstom Sa | METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN INSULATING WALL AND SEALING A TANK |
-
2009
- 2009-02-13 FR FR0900661A patent/FR2942164B1/en active Active
-
2010
- 2010-02-10 JP JP2010027681A patent/JP5980470B2/en active Active
- 2010-02-12 KR KR1020100013249A patent/KR101831201B1/en active Active
- 2010-02-22 CN CN201010119466.5A patent/CN101804707B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2822815A1 (en) * | 2001-03-27 | 2002-10-04 | Gaz Transport & Technigaz | Process, for forming insulating and watertight wall for use in marine gas transport, involves sticking together band using glue |
| WO2007052961A1 (en) * | 2005-11-03 | 2007-05-10 | Seong-Uk Lee | Bonding method between secondary gas barrier and insulation panel using heating pad |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP5980470B2 (en) | 2016-08-31 |
| KR20100092905A (en) | 2010-08-23 |
| CN101804707A (en) | 2010-08-18 |
| KR101831201B1 (en) | 2018-02-23 |
| JP2010210086A (en) | 2010-09-24 |
| CN101804707B (en) | 2014-06-25 |
| FR2942164B1 (en) | 2011-03-18 |
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