FR2837062A1 - Agricultural earthworking machine, e.g. seed drill, has row of float arms mounted in front of row of earthworking wheels so that they work earth between them - Google Patents

Abstract

The agricultural earthworking machine, e.g. a seed drill, has a row (R1) of float arms (2). These are mounted in front of a row (R2) of earthworking wheels (4) so that they work the earth between them.

Description

- ie driver deposit.

  The present invention relates to an agricultural device having at least

  two rows of tillage tools.

  This device, which can be combined with a seed drill,

  is intended to be framed on the ground, behind a tractor.

  Generally, such an apparatus is equipped with a first row of tools consisting of a series of leveling teeth, mounted parallel to each other on a chassis. This row extends transversely to the direction of movement of the device. Their function is to level the ground, it is a

say to even the floor.

  The work carried out by these teeth is completed by a second row of tools consisting of circular and rotary members, for example discs whose edges are crenellated. In principle, these discs work the surface of the ground, crumble the earth and shred the agglomerates of earth and plants previously laced by the leveling teeth. In reality, there are many situations in which these agglomerates are not treated because they are disposed away from the strips of earth "swept" by the rotary members. In addition, there are jams, which means that large agglomerates get caught between two

  neighboring teeth. This is therefore not satisfactory.

  It has also been proposed to provide apparatuses comprising two distinct series of rotary members of the same type, arranged longitudinally apart from one another. Again, the work carried out is not satisfactory, because there is no leveling of the soil and there are areas of land not treated by the two series of organs. In addition, the cost of such a device is burdened by this double row of expensive tools Finally, we know a device which has an alternating series of soil working wheels and blades, these behind presenting a horizontal lower part which rests on the surface of the ground. The work that they do is not comparable to that of leveling teeth, since they implement a support of the

ground rather than leveling.

  There is therefore a need to have an apparatus with at least two rows of soil working tools, which is simple, inexpensive, and which can perform an efficient and uniform work of the soil to be treated, without any band or plot area is forgotten and avoiding, as much as possible, the phenomena of jamming. The purpose of the present invention is to meet this expectation at

means of tools already known per se.

  It is therefore an agricultural soil working device intended to be towed, which comprises, from front to rear with respect to its direction of movement on the ground, at least two rows of transverse soil working tools arranged at a distance from each other, vertically and longitudinally, namely a first row of leveling teeth, the lower end of which, referred to as working, is directed towards the teas and towards the rear and a second row of circular and rotary members . According to the invention, this apparatus is characterized by the fact that said wind teeth are arranged in such a way that their working end is situated opposite the interval separating two neighboring organs' in the plane which contains the tangent

  vertical of said rotary members, or substantially in this plane.

  The present applicant has realized that the leveling teeth, while leveling the ground, tend to reject on their sides the clods of earth and other agglomerates, these being immediately taken up, crushed and shredded by rotary tools, which extend in alignment with the space that separates two

teeth.

  In addition, the fact that the working end of the teeth is located in the plane or substantially in the plane which contains the vertical tangent of said rotary members, means that no agglomerate escapes this treatment and that thus, jams

wind avoided.

  Furthermore, according to other advantageous but non-limiting characteristics of this invention: - said end is situated strictly in the plane which contains the vertical tangent of said rotary members; - Said end is located slightly in front of or behind the plane which contains the vertical tangent of said rotary members, the spacing which separates the end from said plane being less than or equal to 1/5 the value of the diameter of said circular members ; - Said end is located opposite half of the intelalle separating two neighboring organs; - Said organs consist of lobe discs;

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  - The device includes means for adjusting the working height and / or the inclination of the leveling teeth; - The device includes means for adjusting the depth of

  work of the rotating members with respect to the ground.

  - the device is combined with a roller and / or a seed drill for

  grains, especially fertilizers or seeds.

  Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention

  will appear on reading the detailed description which follows in a

preferential realization.

  This description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings in

  which: - Figure 1 is a partial and simplified view, from the side, of an apparatus according to the invention; - Figure 2 is a perspective view of a rotary member fitted to said device; - Figure 3 is a simplified top view of the two rows of tools of the device, intended to show their mutual arrangement; - Figure 4 is also intended to show the mutual arrangement of the tools, these being viewed from the side and shown in a simplified manner; - Figures 5 and 6 are views similar to Figures 3 and 4, showing how a stuffing phenomenon is treated; - Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 3 but showing a

variant of realization.

  The device partially shown and seen from the side in FIG. 1 is a soil working device intended to be towed by a tractor not shown. The direction of movement of the apparatus is indicated by the arrow f, so that the tractor is supposed to be placed on the right of the figure. Taking into account the direction of movement of the device, there is designated by the references AV and AR, respectively ['front and rear of it. The terms "longitudinal" and "transverse", when used, throughout the present application, with reference to the device, are understood to mean respectively parallel and perpendicular to the

  direction of movement of the device.

  When we describe the device as a "soil working device", we mean that it is designed to work the soil on the surface (unlike a tillage machine which performs deep soil work), for example before

a seeding operation.

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  The apparatus comprises a mobile chassis 10, for example supported by

  wheels or a roller not shown.

  From this chassis extend towards the teas and towards ['before a series of elbow and articulated arms 11. The axis of articulation YY' of these arms on the stetend chassis

  S transversely to the longitudinal axis of the device.

  In the position represented here, the two parts 110 and 11 1 of the arms

  extend, respectively, horizontally and towards the ground and towards the front.

  In accordance with the invention and in known manner, the apparatus comprises, before arriving at it with respect to its direction f of movement on the ground, at least two transverse rows of soil working tools arranged at a distance from the

  from each other, vertically and longitudinally.

  The first row R is made up of leveling teeth 2. These are mounted in parallel, at a regular distance from each other, on a cross-member

  support 3 which is integral with the free end of the part 111 of the arms.

  In a manner known per se, each tooth 2 is made up of a blade

  elastic in metal and extends in a vertical and longitudinal plane.

  Its upper part 20 is in a spiral shape and fixed to the cross-member 3. This part 20 is caused by a rectilinear portion 21, the lower end 22 of which is cited as working, is intended to work the soil in order to level it. This one

  is directed to the teas and to the arribre.

  Adjustment means 30 makes it possible to modify the inclination of the straight portion 21 with respect to the ground, in particular as a function of the hardness of the ground

  and / or the degree of penetration that one wishes to give to the tooth in the ground.

  Other means 5, here consist of a jack articulated on the chassis 10 and one of the arms 11, allow the working height of the teeth to be adjusted by

report to the ground.

  The second row R2 of tools consists of circular members and

soil working presses 4.

  Like teeth 2, these organs extend parallel and at a distance

  regular to each other, in generally vertical and longitudinal planes.

  These organs are held on the same shaft with a transverse axis of rotation XX ′, parallel to the cross-member 3. This shaft is mounted at the end of the arms

  elbows 12, themselves articulated on the chassis 10.

  Adjusting screw systems 13, known per se, wind articulated at their opposite ends 130 and 131, on the one hand on the chassis 10 and, on the other hand on the

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  s arms 12. These systems make it possible to adjust the working depth of the organs 2

relative to the ground.

  By the expression "circular organs" is meant organs whose outline is substantially in a circle, whether they are contained in a plane or in a different shape. Insofar as these wind organs intended to work the soil, they have a peripheral thickness intended to engage in the soil, at the

more than about 160 mm.

  By way of example, these organs may consist of flat disks, concave disks with a crenellated periphery, etc. A particularly preferred example of organ 4 is shown in perspective in FIG. 2. This organ is qualified, throughout the whole of the present

request, from "lobe disk".

  It is a metal disc, the central part 40 of which has a bore 400 for its positioning on the common shaft. An additional lining 41 strengthens its central part. Its periphery is alternately pushed back on either side of the mean plane of the disc to form the lobes 42 and

  43 of which the whole describes a sinusoid.

  For the sake of clarity, such a lobe disc has been represented in a very simplified and symbolic manner in the other figures. In particular in Figures 3, 5 and 7, the discs 4 have been shown only in the form of a wavy line. Still with reference to these trotting figures, the teeth 2 have been symbolically represented therein in the form of rectangles, which corresponds more

  particularly the shape of their lower rectilinear part 22.

  In accordance with the invention, said teeth 2 wind arranged in such a way that their working end 22 is situated opposite the interval i which separates two neighboring organs 4, substantially in the plane or substantially in the plane P

  which contains the vertical tangent of said rotary members.

  In Figures 3 and 4, said end is strictly in the plane P

  which contains the vertical tangent of the rotating members 2.

  Figure 5 provides a better understanding of the function and interest of this

  particular positioning of elements 2 and 4.

  The direction of movement of the device on the ground S being represented by

  arrow f, this wind teeth 2, located at ['front, which work first the soil.

  Their combined action causes the clods of earth they move to be thrown onto

  their dimensions, in transverse direction, as shown by the double arrows g.

  r - 2837062 Insofar as the working end 22 of the teeth is situated opposite the interval between them which are 4 organs, the clods of earth are poured over the sides of the teeth wind necessarily worked and desintegrees by these bodies. The use of lobe discs 4 is particularly interesting because their lobes "sweep" a relatively wide strip of earth. Since the working end 22 of the teeth is located perpendicular to the plane which contains the vertical tangent of the members 4, there is no risk that clods of earth displaced by the teeth are not treated. Indeed, they wind

  canalized by teeth 2 and immediately treated by organs 4.

  This particular arrangement finds its particular interest when the teeth pour on their sides clumps or agglomerates of soil and plants. In Figures 5 and 6, there is designated by the reference B such an agglomerate. If its volume is large, it is likely to get caught between two teeth

  neighbors 2 and could be the source of a jam.

  This is avoided in accordance with the invention because agglomerate B. due to the displacement of the apparatus, is torn from teeth 2, because immediately

  piece and disintegrated by an organ 4.

  The results obtained are particularly good when the end 22 of the teeth is located opposite half of the interval separating two organs.

  neighbors 4. This is the situation in Figure 3.

  As already said above, said end 22 may lie slightly in front of or behind the plane P which contains the vertical tangent of the rotary members 4. Thus, in FIG. 7, we have represented the situation in which the end 22 is slightly in front of the plane P. and is designated by the reference of the spacing which separates them. In order for good soil treatment results to be obtained, this spacing must be less than or equal to 1/5 of the value of the diameter of said members 4. Thus, for a diameter of the order of 500 mm,

  the spacing d may be at most 100 mm.

  In the unrepresented situation in which the end 22 is set back, the spacing d is also at most equal to 1/5 of the value of the diameter of said members 4. If this spacing is expected to be greater, then the clods of earth are blown thrown against the sides of organs 4, without them being able to crumble them.

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  Of course, the two series of soil working tools described here can be supplemented by other soil working implements. The apparatus can also be provided with the hands of an equipment carrying out a complementary subsequent operation, such as a roller, and / or a seed drill for grain products, in particular fertilizers or seeds.

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i =.

RE VE ND I C AT I O N S

  1. Agricultural soil working device (S) intended to be towed, which comprises, from front to rear relative to its direction (f) of displacement on the ground (S), at least two rows (R, R2) transverse tillage tools arranged at a distance from each other, vertically and longitudinally, namely a first row (R) of leveling teeth (2), the lower end (22), working quotation, is directed towards the teas and towards the rear and a second row (R2) of circular and rotary members (4), characterized by the fact that said teeth (2) are arranged in such a way that their working end (22) is located in look at the interval (i) separating two neighboring organs (4), in the plane (P) which contains the tangent

  vertical of said rotary members (4), or substantially in this plane.

  2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said end (22) is located strictly in the plane (P) which contains the vertical tangent

of said rotary members (4).

  3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said end (22) is located slightly in front of or behind the plane (P) which contains the vertical tangent of said rotary members, the spacing (d) which separates said end of the plane being less than or equal to 1/5 the value of the diameter of said

circular organs (4).

  4. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the

  fact that said end (22) is located opposite half of the interval (i)

separating two neighboring organs (4).

  5. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the

  the fact that said members (4) consist of lobe discs.

  6. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the

  that it comprises means for adjusting (5; 30) the working height and / or

  the inclination of the leveling teeth (2).

  7. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by the

  fact that it includes means (13) for adjusting the working depth of the

  rotary members (4) relative to the ground.

  8. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by the

  combined with a roller and / or seed drill,