FR2883167A1 - CAPILLARY CARE COMPOSITION AND / OR CILES CONTAINING AMINEXIL IN ASSOCIATION WITH A VASODILATOR, FOR STIMULATING THE GROWTH OF HAIR AND / OR CILES AND / OR BRAKING THEIR FALL, ITS USES - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a topical composition for the care and / or makeup of human keratinous fibers, in a physiologically acceptable medium the combination of aminexil with at least one vasodilator and / or at least one natural amino acid and / or at least one less than an arginase inhibitor.This composition makes it possible to induce and / or stimulate the growth of keratinous fibers such as the hair and the eyelashes and / or to slow down their fall and / or to increase their density.

Description

Hair care composition and / or eyelashes containing aminexil

  BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The subject of the invention is a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition containing the combination of 2,4-dimethylammonium and 2,4-dimethylalphae. -diaminopyrimidine 3-N-oxide and a vasodilator compound and / or an amino acid, for inducing and / or stimulating the growth of human keratin fibers and in particular hair and eyelashes and / or curbing their fall . It also relates to a cosmetic treatment process intended to stimulate the growth of these human keratinous fibers and / or to slow down their fall as well as to the use of the combination of 2,4-diaminopyrimidine 3-N-oxide and of a vasodilator compound and / or an amino acid to induce and / or stimulate the growth of hair or eyelashes and / or to curb their fall.

  The human keratinous fibers to which the invention applies are in particular the hair, the eyebrows, the eyelashes, the beard hair, the mustache hair and the pubic hair. More specifically, the invention is applicable to human hair and / or eyelashes.

  Also, more specifically, the invention relates to a physiologically acceptable composition which contains 2,4-diaminopyrimidine 3-Noxide and a vasodilator compound and / or an amino acid, intended to improve the condition of human hair and in particular to induce and / or stimulate hair growth and / or to slow down their fall. 2,4-Diaminopyrimidine 3-N-oxide is known as aminexil or 2-4 DPO.

  The vasodilators to which the invention applies are mineral or organic compounds increasing the microvasculature of the skin and more particularly of the scalp, around the hair bulb, and in particular the hair follicle. The most known vasodilators are the "NO-releasing" compounds, the calcium channel antagonists and the potassium channel agonists.

  Also, the present invention relates more particularly to a physiologically acceptable and in particular a cosmetic composition containing the combination of "NO-releasing" compounds and / or amino acids, in particular arginine and its derivatives (polyarginine) and / or of arginase inhibitors, with aminexil, this composition being intended to induce and / or stimulate hair growth and / or to slow down their fall.

  BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Hair growth and renewal is primarily determined by the activity of hair follicles and their matrix environment. Their activity is cyclic and comprises essentially three phases, namely the anagen phase, the catagen phase and the telogen phase. io

  In the anagen phase (active or growth phase), which lasts several years and during which the hair lengthens, follows a very short and transient catagen phase that lasts a few weeks. During this phase, the hair undergoes an evolution, the follicle atrophies and its dermal implantation appears more and more high.

  The terminal phase or telogen phase, which lasts a few months, corresponds to a rest phase of the follicle and the hair eventually falls. At the end of this rest period, a new follicle is regenerated, on the spot, and another cycle begins again.

  The hair is therefore constantly renewed and about 150,000 hairs of hair, about 10% are at rest and will be replaced in a few months.

  Hair growth and renewal are mainly determined by the activity of hair follicles and their matrix environment. The hair is renewed constantly but in adulthood, the vascular system of the skin is completed and no longer changes except in the hair follicles where it undergoes significant variations in each hair cycle.

  In addition, although the exact mechanism of alopecia has not been explained, recent research has highlighted the implication of an autoimmune imbalance. Several observations suggest the involvement of Th1-type cytokines in the appearance of alopecia. A Th2-like profile could promote the repair of tissue damaged by the Th1 cell type.

  Thus, NO (nitric oxide) at non-cytotoxic concentrations is known to favor the Th2 pathway at the expense of the Th1 pathway.

  In addition, disturbances of the microcirculation and neurotransmitter alterations have been observed in the alopecic skin. In particular, decreases in CGRP (peptide derived from the calcitonin gene) have been observed in the alopecic follicles and in the serum of patients with total alopecia. CGRP is a powerful cutaneous vasodilator. Reduced concentrations of CGRP may stimulate an immune response and reduce cutaneous vasodilation, possibly resulting in a decrease or absence of hair growth.

  NO, because of its stimulating effects on CGRP production, could stimulate cutaneous vasodilation and promote the immunostimulatory action of CGRP (M.R. Namazi, Inflamm Res., 52, 2003).

  In adulthood, the vascular system of the skin is completed and no longer changes except in the hair follicles where it undergoes significant variations in each hair cycle. The hair follicle is indeed a richly innervated skin structure and highly vascularized. In general, the phenomenon of development of micro-circulation is called angiogenesis. At the beginning of each anagen phase, it is necessary to develop a strong activation of angiogenesis in order to redevelop the perifollicular vascular microarray. The involution of this network and the disappearance of the capillaries of the dermal papilla go hand in hand with the change of phase and the passage into the catagen phase. At this point, the blood microcapsillaries collapse and disappear.

  At the same time, in the alopecic zones, perifollicular fibrosis sets in, the 5 follicles become miniaturized cycle after cycle and progressively, the vascularization of the bulbs diminishes.

  The angiogenesis phenomenon observed during the anagenic phase depends on numerous trophic factors, cytokines or other biologically active molecules introduced by the blood circulation or which are locally produced in particular by dermal papilla fibroblasts or keratinocytes. bulbar. Among these trophic factors include endothelial cell growth factor (also called vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in English terminology). This factor is essential for angiogenesis and is increasing vascular permeability. Studies have shown that the expression of this factor is increased during the anagen phase of the hair cycle. Thus, this factor contributes to the maintenance of a functional microvasculature around the hair follicle and in particular the base of the bulb and the dermal papilla, as well as the supply of nutrients necessary for the good growth of the hair.

  The perifollicular microcirculation therefore plays a key role in the hair growth process by providing the factors and nutrients necessary for the growth of this follicle.

  Due to the primordial role of the perifollicular microcirculation, any defect in the latter leads to a reduction in the nutrient and gaseous nutrients (especially Oxygen) necessary for hair growth, leading to hair growth disorders and the setting in motion of the hair. progressive place of alopecia.

  The fall or natural loss of hair can be estimated, on average, to a few hundred hairs a day for a normal physiological state. This process of permanent physical renewal undergoes a natural evolution during aging, the hair becomes thinner and their cycles shorter.

  Moreover, in certain dermatoses of the scalp with an inflammatory characteristic, such as, for example, psoriasis or seborrheic dermatitis, the hair loss can be greatly accentuated and the renewal cycles of the follicles can be strongly disturbed.

  In addition, various causes can lead to a significant loss, temporary or permanent hair. It can be a fall and a deterioration of the hair after a pregnancy, during states of malnutrition or imbalances of food, of a physiological stress or during states of asthenia or hormonal dysfunction like this may be the case during or after menopause. It can also be a fall or alterations of the hair in relation to seasonal phenomena.

  It may also be alopecia, which is mainly due to a disruption of the hair renewal causing in the first time so the acceleration of the frequency of the cycles at the expense of the quality of the hair, then their quantity. Progressive impoverishment of the hair and progressive miniaturization of the hair occur, together with an isolation of the bulbs by a progression of the thickness of the perifollicular collagen matrix and the external conjunctive sheath. Revascularization is made more difficult cycle after cycle. Successive growth cycles lead to increasingly fine and shorter hair, gradually turning into an unpigmented down. Areas are affected preferentially, including the temporal or frontal gulfs in humans and, in women, there is diffuse alopecia of the vertex. io

  The term alopecia also covers a whole family of damage to the hair follicle, the final consequence of which is definitive, partial or general loss of hair. It is more particularly androgenic alopecia. In a large number of cases, the early fall of the hair occurs in subjects predisposed genetically, it is then andro-chrono-genetic alopecia; this form of alopecia concerns especially men.

  In general, any factor causing an increase in blood supply to the hair follicle, either by activating angiogenesis, or by opposing its regression, or by acting on the microvessels to limit their constriction, will have an effect beneficial on the energy supply necessary for the good growth of this same follicle.

  For many years, it has been sought in the cosmetic or pharmaceutical industry compositions that make it possible to eliminate or reduce alopecia, and in particular to induce or stimulate hair growth or to reduce hair loss. One of the avenues explored is precisely the maintenance of the vascularization around the hair follicle.

  As a known molecule acting specifically on the formation and installation of perifollicular fibrosis, mention may be made of aminexil (WO 96/09048 from L'Oréal) which has an inhibitory activity for the expression of lysyl hydroxylase. Lysyl hydroxylase and prolyl hydroxylase are enzymes involved in the formation of collagen fibers and the disruption of their functioning is one of the factors responsible for the development of perifollicular fibrosis. Aminexil has the following formula: 1 + H2NNNH2 Aminexil (2,4-DPO) Another compound known to maintain perifollicular vascularization is 4o verapamil, which is a potent antagonist (IC5oca2 + = 38nM) L-type calcium channels. Verapamil and other calcium channel antagonists such as diltiazem and nifedipine are described as being active in the treatment of hair loss, in particular by their effects on microcirculation (confers Shiseido documents JP 88/062680 and of Coppe J. BE 89/000305). IC5oca2 + represents the inhibitory concentration of 50% release of Cal +.

  In addition, there are other documents describing the use of vasodilators and in particular NO releasers for topical application, intended to stimulate hair growth by acting on the microcirculation of the scalp. Thus, Proctor's patent document (EP 327 263) discloses the use of compounds producing the NO radical, in combination with reducing agents, antioxidants and with hydroxyl radical scavengers. Another patent document by E. Fossel (WO 99/13717) describes the use of arginine and its derivatives, as a NO-synthase substrate, for the in vivo formation of NO and their use (inter alia) in the treatment of alopecia. Another Shiseido patent document (JP 07316023) also describes the use of arginine and its derivatives in the treatment of alopecia. Finally, Essentia Biosystems WO 03/072039 describes the use of arginine oligomers, comprising from 7 to 15 arginine units, for the treatment of hair loss.

  It is moreover known from document EP 1 393 732 of Taisho Pharmaceutical the use of minoxidil or 2,4-diamino-6-piperidinopyrimidine 3-oxide and arginine in the treatment of hair loss, arginine making it possible to reduce staining of minoxidil over time, the latter being known and used as an active ingredient for the treatment of hair loss (see US 4,139,619 and US 4,596,812 to Upjohn Company); minoxidil is an agonist compound of potassium channels.

  Although the compounds known and used to treat alopecia all have advantages, cosmeticians are always looking for new products to satisfy the consumer in search of effective products, fast-acting and long-lasting action, 2 properties often antinomic in the field of treatment of alopecia, in particular androgenetic.

  Also, there remains the need for a new physiologically acceptable composition to promote the growth of human hair and / or reduce their fall, fast acting and durable over time and easy to use.

  PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION The inventors have developed a new physiologically acceptable composition containing the combination of aminexil with one or more vasodilators and / or one or more natural amino acids and / or one or more arginase inhibitors.

  This composition allows a revascularization of the hair follicle, its peripheral region and / or the hair after each growth cycle, as well as an inhibition of the formation and installation of perifollicular fibrosis, a factor aggravating poor vascularization of the hair. It therefore has a beneficial effect on the scalp and in particular on the growth of hair but also on certain hairs such as eyelashes or eyebrows as well as on the nails.

  The present invention thus relates to a composition for the care and / or treatment of particularly human keratin fibers, such as the hair, as well as care and / or treatment of the skin from which these fibers emerge, containing, in a physiologically acceptable medium, the combination of aminexil with at least one vasodilator and / or at least one natural amino acid and / or at least one arginase inhibitor.

  This composition is in particular intended to induce and / or stimulate the growth of keratinous fibers and / or to slow down their fall and / or to increase their density. By increasing the density of the keratinous fibers, and in particular the capillary density, it is intended to increase the number of keratinous fibers, in particular the hair, per cm.sup.2 of skin such as the scalp.

  The invention also relates to the use of the combination of aminexil with at least one vasodilator and / or at least one natural amino acid and / or at least one arginase inhibitor, as an agent for inducing and / or stimulating the growth of keratinous fibers of human beings and / or curb their fall and / or increase their density.

  The invention also relates to the cosmetic use of the combination of aminexil with at least one vasodilator and / or at least one natural amino acid and / or at least one arginase inhibitor, in a cosmetic care composition and or makeup keratin fibers of human being (as agent) to reduce the fall of keratinous fibers and / or increase their density. It also relates to the use of this combination for the preparation of a composition for the care and / or treatment of human keratin fibers, intended to induce and / or stimulate the growth of keratinous fibers and / or to slow down their growth. fall and / or increase their density.

  The human keratin fibers to which the invention applies include hair, eyebrows, eyelashes, beard hair, mustache hair, pubic hair and nails. More specifically, the invention is applicable to human hair and / or 3o human eyelashes.

  Also, the invention further relates to the cosmetic use of the combination of aminexil with at least one vasodilator and / or at least one natural amino acid and / or at least one arginase inhibitor, in a cosmetic composition of human hair care, as an agent for treating alopecia of natural origin and in particular androgenic or andro-chronogenetic alopecia, as well as the use of this combination, for the preparation of a hair composition of 'being human, intended to treat alopecia of natural origin and in particular androgenic or andro-chrono-genetic. Thus, this composition makes it possible to maintain the hair in good condition and / or to fight against the natural fall of the hair, in particular of men.

  The subject of the invention is also the cosmetic use of the combination of aminexil with at least one vasodilator and / or at least one natural amino acid and / or at least one arginase inhibitor, in a cosmetic care composition and or makeup of human eyelashes, to induce and / or stimulate eyelash growth and / or increase their density. This composition thus makes it possible to maintain the eyelashes in good condition and / or to improve their condition and / or their appearance. The subject of the invention is also the use of the combination of aminexil with at least one vasodilator and / or at least one natural amino acid and / or at least one arginase inhibitor, for the preparation of a composition of care and / or treatment of human eyelashes, intended to induce and / or stimulate the growth of eyelashes and / or increase their density.

  The subject of the invention is also the use of the combination of aminexil with at least one vasodilator and / or at least one natural amino acid and / or at least one arginase inhibitor, for the manufacture of a composition intended to to treat disorders related to a reduction of microcirculation or cutaneous vascularization and in particular of a hair follicle in humans.

  The subject of the present invention is also a process for the cosmetic treatment of human keratinous fibers and / or the skin from which these fibers emerge, such as the scalp, intended in particular to stimulate the growth of human keratinous fibers such as the hair and human eyelashes and / or curb their fall, characterized in that it consists in applying to the human keratinous fibers and / or the skin from which these fibers emerge, a cosmetic composition comprising the combination of aminexil with at least one vasodilator and / or at least one natural amino acid and / or at least one arginase inhibitor, to leave it in contact with these keratinous fibers and / or said skin, and possibly to rinse these keratin fibers and or said skin.

  This treatment method has the characteristics of a cosmetic process insofar as it makes it possible to improve the esthetics of the keratinous fibers and in particular the hair and the eyelashes by giving them a greater vigor and an improved appearance. In addition, it can be used daily for several months,

without a medical prescription.

  More specifically, the subject of the present invention is a process for the cosmetic care of human hair and / or scalp, with a view to improving their state and / or their appearance, characterized in that it consists in applying to the hair and or or the scalp, a cosmetic composition according to the invention comprising the combination of aminexil with at least one vasodilator and / or at least one natural amino acid and / or at least one arginase inhibitor, to leave it in contact with hair and / or scalp, and possibly rinsing hair and / or scalp.

  This method therefore allows care of the scalp and human hair, and in particular, an anti-hair loss / regrowth action but also an antimicrobial action and ultimately an anti-dandruff action, an action promoting the healing of the scalp, as well as an anti-greasing action of human hair.

  Also, the subject of the invention is also the cosmetic use of the combination of aminexil with at least one vasodilator and / or at least one natural amino acid and / or at least one arginase inhibitor, in a hair cosmetic composition. , as a care agent of the scalp and in particular as an anti-dandruff agent of the scalp, and / or scarring of the scalp and / or anti-lubrication of human hair. It also relates to the use of the combination of aminexil with at least one vasodilator and / or at least one natural amino acid and / or at least one arginase inhibitor, for the manufacture of a composition intended to treat and / or limit the formation of dandruff on the scalp and / or heal the scalp and / or treat 5o and / or limit the formation of fat on human hair.

  The subject of the invention is also a process for the cosmetic care and / or makeup of these human eyelashes, with a view to improving their state and / or their appearance, characterized in that it consists in applying to the eyelashes a composition of mascara comprising the combination of aminexil with at least one vasodilator and / or at least one natural amino acid and / or at least one arginase inhibitor and to leave it in contact with the eyelashes. This mascara composition may be applied alone or as an undercoat of a conventional pigmented mascara and removed as a conventional pigmented mascara, with a conventional cleansing cream or lotion.

  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION "At least one" according to the invention means one or more (2, 3 or more). In particular, the composition may contain one or more vasodilators or one or more natural amino acids or one or more arginase inhibitors or a mixture of these compounds.

  Essential Elements of the Invention Aminexil The composition according to the invention contains 2,4-diaminopyrimidine 3-N-oxide. This compound is soluble in water and in a water / alcohol mixture in any proportion. It can be chosen in sufficient quantity to obtain, in combination with one or more complementary compounds active on the regrowth of keratin fibers, in particular human fibers and / or the braking of their fall, an increase in the density of the keratinous fibers, in particular human fibers, and / or or a reduction in their fall, and in particular an increase in the density of human hair and / or a reduction in their fall. To give an order of magnitude, according to the invention, the aminexil may be used, for topical application to the scalp and human hair, in an amount representing 10-3% to 5% of the total weight of the composition and preferably in an amount of from 10 -2% to 2% of the total weight of the composition, for example from 0.5% to 2%.

  The composition according to the invention additionally contains one or more complementary compounds which are active on the regrowth of keratinous fibers and / or the braking of their fall, chosen from vasodilators, natural amino acids, arginase inhibitors and their mixtures. . In addition, some of these complementary compounds may be both vasodilator compounds and natural amino acids. Preferably, the active compound is both a vasodilator and an amino acid.

  Vasodilator By "vasodilator compound" is meant any active agent that promotes the cutaneous microcirculation process, in particular 1) via the stimulation of the vasodilatation of the blood vessels of the dermis, and / or 2) via the stimulation or the maintenance of the angiogenesis, and / or 3) via stimulation of cell proliferation, and / or 4) via stimulation of endothelial cell migration. Indeed, endothelial cells can produce endocrine factors acting locally, promoting vasodilatation, inhibition of cell proliferation and maintenance of blood fluidity. This vasodilator compound may be a single or complex molecule, in molecular or polymeric form.

  The vasodilator (s) included in the composition according to the invention may be chosen from: nitric oxide (NO) liberators, potassium channel openers or agonists, calcium channel antagonists, such as cinnarizine, diltiazem, nimodipine, verapamil, alverine and nifedipine, alpha or beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents, such as prazosin, hydralazinze, nipradilol or minoxidil, muscarinic acetylcholine receptor activators, ACE (Agiotensin-Converting Enzyme) inhibitors, such as captopril or ramipril, - angiotensin receptor blockers, such as losartan or candesartan, stimulators of NOS synthesis and / or activity (Nitric Oxide Synthase), - stimulators of guanylate cyclase, prostaglandins E and I, endomorphins via p-opioid adenosine receptors, vasodilator peptides, thiazides, preferably thiazides having a hypertensive activity, cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate).

their mixtures.

  Agents modulating NO synthesis can act directly on the chemical release of NO, or on the enzymatic release of NO from the NO synthesis enzyme, NO Synthase or NOS (its different isoforms). In particular, mention is made of the description of "NO liberators" and in particular of non-polymeric NO "liberators, that is to say any NO-releasing agent, of peptide or non-peptide nature, that is to say all NO releasing agent of peptide or non-peptide nature, it being understood that when the agent is of peptide nature, it comprises from 1 to 5 amino acids, preferably from 2 to 4 amino acids.

  They can also be fine-tuning elements of the concentration of NO at the cellular level, by acting on the protein synthesis mechanisms of the enzyme, on the stability and / or the activity of the enzyme as well as on the stimulation of its synthesis, on the stability of the NOS mRNA, on the stability of the released NO. We speak in particular in the description of 'stimulators of the synthesis and / or activity of the NOS'.

  Finally, certain interactions at the level of NO metabolism upstream of its synthesis may interfere with the final concentration of NO released, by acting on the other enzymes having the same substrate, on the availability of the substrate at the intracellular level, on its transport to the inside the cell.

  The term NO-synthase covers a family of enzymes that catalyze enzymatic catalysis of L-arginine to citrulline, a catalysis in which a multifunctional gas mediator, nitrogen monoxide or NO, is produced. NO-synthases exist in three forms, two constitutive forms, nomenclature grouping the neuronal NO-synthase (or NOS 1) and the endothelial NO-synthase (or NOS 3), and the inducible form (or NOS 2) (Medicine / Sciences 1992, 8, pp. 843-845).

  NO-liberators NO-releasing vasodilator compounds may be precursors to NO chemicals (hereinafter referred to as NO donors), or may be metabolized and lead to NO release via oxidation-reduction processes. NO-releasing vasodilator agents can also generate NO by photoactivation. The release of NO by these compounds can be verified by assaying NO byproducts (nitrates and nitrites) released in a liquid medium or by direct measurement of NO gas released on the skin.

  The NO-liberators that can be used in the invention, which are metabolized to give NO, can be chosen from amino acids, peptides, pro-anthocyanidins as described in application JP2001-278792, the cyclic terpenes described in the application for patent W000 / 044368.

  Among the vasodilator amino acids that can be used in the invention, which stimulates the release of NO by enzymatic action, mention may be made of Larginine, Histidine, Lysine, Ornithine, Glutamic Acid, Aspartic Acid and Serine. glycine, cysteine, threonine. Aliphatic amino acids that are alcoholic, acidic or basic are preferred.

  The NO-releasing peptides that can be used in the invention may comprise from 2 to 30 amino acids, for example from 5 to 20 amino acids and better still from 5 to 15 amino acids. These peptides comprise amino acids such as those described above. Among these NO-releasing peptides, mention may be made of: oligomers of L-arginine (referred to as polyarginine), oligomers of an L-arginine analogue or of a derivative thereof such as those described by Exsymol in the EP 1 application 060 739 and by Essentia in the application the peptides based on histidine and / or alanine as described by KS Biomedix Ltd in the application WO 02/04005, in particular histidine dipeptides such as carnosine, anserin and homocarnosine.

  Preferred arginine oligomers according to the invention comprise from 7 to 15 L-arginine units, for example 7, 9, 11, 13 or 15 L-arginine units. In one embodiment of the invention, the arginine oligomer consists only of arginine. In another embodiment of the invention, however, it may be included in a slightly larger peptide or polymer and which contains other amino acids (eg, glycine); in particular, the arginine oligomer is located at the C-terminal or N-terminal end of the polymer or peptide. An example of such a peptide is gly3-arg ,.

  The NO-donating vasodilator compounds which can be used in the invention may also be chosen from organic compounds which give NO by a chemical reaction comprising a nitro (-NO 2) or nitroso (-NO) substituent, oximes or heterocyclic donors. NOx, nitroxyl compounds, hydroxylamine, nonoate compounds (N (NO) O-), N-hydroxy-guanidine and its salts (such as NH-hydroxyguanidine acetate and hemisulfate). Hydroxyguanidine), inorganic NO donors, nitrosyl transition metals, nitrosodiphenylamine derivatives, cyclosine from Thissen Laboratories, SMP-5185 or N-nitratopivaloyl-S- (N'-acetylalanyl) -cysteine ethyl ester Schwarz Pharma laboratories, photolabile NO donors, guanylate cyclase activators and / or cGMP stimulators, molecules developed by Nicox such as lo NO-flurbiprofen (HCT 1026), NO-hydrocortisone (NCX 1022) and NO-aspirin (NCX 4016).

  Examples of NO donors that can be used in the invention are organic esters of nitric acid, such as ethylene glycol dinitrate, isopropyl nitrate, glyceryl 1-mononitrate, glyceryl 1, 2 dinitrate and glyceryl 1,3 dinitrate, butane-1,2,4-triol trinitrate, erythrityl tetranitrate, pentaerythrityl tetranitrate.

  Among the organic compounds comprising a nitro (-NO2) or nitroso (-NO) substituent that may be used in the invention, mention may be made of: the compounds comprising a nitro or nitroso substituent connected to a carbon atom (Cnitro, C-nitroso) such as 2-methyl-2-nitrosopropane, ethylene glycol dinitrate, glyceryl 1-mononitrate, glyceryl 1,2-dinitrate, glyceryl 1,3-dinitrate, butane-1,2,4-triol trinitrate , erythrityl tetranitrate, pentaerythrityl tetranitrate, and organic nitrites such as ethyl nitrite, isobutyl nitrite, or isopentyl nitrite (Amyl nitrite).

  compounds comprising a nitro or nitroso substituent bonded to a sulfur atom (S-nitro, S-nitroso), such as S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), N- acetyl-Snitrosopenicillaminyl-S-nitrosopenicillamine, S-nitrosocysteine, thionitrates, or thionitrites (S-nitrosothiols), - compounds comprising a nitro or nitroso substituent connected to an oxygen atom (O nitroso), such as, for example, glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) or nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), isosorbide 5-mononitrate (IS-5-N), isopropyl nitrate, isobutyl nitrate, isopentyl nitrate, ethylene glycol dinitrate, , glyceryl 1-mononitrate, glyceryl 1,2-dinitrate, glyceryl 1,3-dinitrate, butane-1,2,4-triol trinitrate, erythrityl tetranitrate, pentaerythrityl tetranitrate, and organic nitrites such as ethyl nitrite, isobutyl nitrite, or isopentyl nitrite (Amyl nitrite), compounds comprising a n itro or nitroso linked to a nitrogen atom (N-nitroso), such as N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (NMU), 1,3-bis- (2-chloroethyl) ) 1-nitrosourea (BCNU), 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), streptozotocin (STZ), N-nitroso-N-phenylhydroxylamine, N-nitrosamines, N-hydroxy-N- nitrosamines, N-nitrosamides, N-nitrosoguanidines, N-nitrosohydrazines, or N-nitrosimines.

  The NO donors that can be used in the invention can also be chosen from nonoate compounds such as spermine nonoate (Sper / NO), diethylamine nonoate (DEA / NO), diethylenetriamine nonoate (DETA nonoate), N, N ' bismethyl-1,6-hexenediamine (MAMNNO), N-propyl-1,3-propanediamine II (PAPA / NO), N-isopropyl-1,3-propanediamine, N, N'bismethyl-1,3-propanediamine N, N'-bisethyl-ethylenediamine, 1 {[4 ', 5'-bis (carboxymethoxy) -2'-nitrophenyl] methoxy} -2-oxo-3,3-diethyl-1-triazine, or {[4 ', 5'-bis (carboxymethoxy) -2'-nitrophenyl] methoxy} -2oxo-3,3-diethyltriazine.

  The NO donors of the chemical family of oximes that can be used in the invention are, for example: - () - [(E) -ethyl-2 - [(E) -hydroxyimino] -5-nitro-3-hexeneamide], - Ie () -N - [(E) -4-ethyl-3 [(Z) -hydroxyimino] -5-nitro-3-hexen-1-yl] -3-pyridinecarboxamide.

  The NO donors that can be used in the invention can also be chosen from heterocyclic compounds such as: Sydenimines, such as Molsidomine (MOL), 3-Morpholinosydnonimine (linsidomine, SIN-1), N-Morpholino-N complex nitrosaminoacetonitrile / γ-cyclodextrin (SIN-1A / gamma CD), oxadiazoles (furoxanes) such as 4-phenyl-3-furoxancarbonitrile, oxatriazoles, such as [1,2,3,4Oxatriazolium chloride, 5-amino 3- (3,4-dichiorophenyl)] (GEA 3162), [1,2,3,4-Oxatriazolium chloride, 5-amino-3- (3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)] (GEA 5024) [1,2,3,4-Oxatriazolium, 3- (3-chloro-2-methylphenyl) -5 [cyanomethylamino] carboxamido] hydroxide (GEA5583), and - diazetidine-di-N-oxide.

  The NO donors that can be used in the invention can also be chosen from compounds bearing a nitroxyl substituent (-NO-) such as benzenesulfohydroxamic acid (Piloty's acid, PA, BSHA), Nacetyl-N-acetoxy-4-chlorobenzene sulfonamide, cyanamide, sodium trioxodinitrate (Angeli's knows) and sodium nitroxyl.

  The NO donors that can be used in the invention can also be chosen from inorganic compounds such as Nitrosonium salts, nitrosyl halides, nitrite salts, sodium nitrite (NaNO 2), nitrosyl hydrogen sulphate (NOHSO 4) , nitrosyl chloride (NOCI), nitrosyl tetrafluoroborate (NOBF4), peroxynitrite (ONOO ") and sodium azide (NaN3), and inorganic nitrites associated with organic acids such as ascorbic acid. or salicylic acid, as described in WO 99/44622.

  The NO donors that can be used in the invention can also be chosen from nitrosyl (NO +) transition metal complexes as ligand, dinitrosyl-iron (II) complexes, nitrosyl complexes with iron-sulfur clusters, nitrosyl complexes with other transition metals, sodium nitroprusside Na2 [Fe (CN) 5NO]), dinitrosyl-iron-cysteine complex (1:20) (DNIC) and pentachloronitrosylruthenium (K2 [Ru (NO)) CI5]).

  Among the photolabile NO donors, there may be mentioned in particular the compounds: N, N'-dimethyl-N, N'-dinitroso-p-phenylenediamine (BNN3); N, N'-Dicarboxymethyl-N, N'-dinitroso-p-phenylenediamine, 2Na (BNN5Na); N, N'-dinitroso-p-phenylenediamine-N, N'-diacetic acid dimethyl ester (BNN5 methyl ester).

  Stimulators of Guanylate Cyclase As activators of guanylate cyclase and / or stimulators of cGMP ', there may be mentioned atrial natriuretic factor and S-Nitroso-Nacetylphenicillamine (SNAP).

  Stimulators of NOS synthesis Examples of 'stimulators of NOS synthesis and / or activity' include, for example, arachidonic acid, bradykinin, L-glutamic acid, histamine hydroxyguanidine, interleukin 1-a, interleukin-143, interleukin-2, lipopolysaccharides, tetrahydro-L-biopterin, and TNF-α. There may also be mentioned L-2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid and its derivatives, as described in application EP 1 226 822.

  Potassium channel openers The vasodilator openers of potassium channels may be selected from benzopyran, benzothiadiazine, butenoic acid, pyrimidine, or pyridine derivatives.

  By potassium channel opener according to the invention is meant in particular: ATP-dependent potassium channel openers, such as minoxidil, cromakalim, diazoxide, nicorandil, pinacidil or cyano-2 (4-pyridyl) -1 (3-trimethylpropyl) -3-guanidine of the cyanoguanidin family and their derivatives; the compounds described in the application EP 0 886 515 corresponding to the general formula (I) (L) in which R 1 is a cyano group, a halogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, carbon, substituted by at least one halogen atom; R2 is a cyano group or a halogen atom (CI or F); R3 is an alkyl group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with at least one halogen atom (Cl or F); R4 is a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, substituted by at least one halogen atom (Cl or F) or an aryl group (phenyl or naphthyl), optionally substituted by one or more halogen atoms (Cl or F), with one or more hydroxyl, carboxylic, nitro, cyano, linear or branched alkyl groups, having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, linear or branched alkoxy, having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, linear or branched alkanoyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, perfluoroalkyl; derivatives and / or salts of the compounds of formula (I).

  As derivatives of compounds of formula (I) that can be used in the invention, mention may be made, for example, of the compounds described in applications EP 0 915 857 and EP 0 916 652.

  The potassium channel opener may also be advantageously incorporated into a system allowing its release at the level of the surface layers of the skin or keratin fibers, after application of the composition according to the invention.

  When the vasodilator is in molecular form, and especially the NO and NO-releasing compounds or non-polymeric potassium channel openers of the composition according to the invention, can be adsorbed on or encapsulated in particle structures of size ranging from 1 nm to a few pm, such as for example microcapsules, microparticles, vesicular dispersions of ionic type (liposomes or oleosomes) and / or nonionic (niosomes) and / or dispersions of nanospheres.

  These particles may be advantageously porous and consist of silicates or aluminosilicates. Examples of such formulations are described in particular in EP 199 636, EP 375 520, EP 447 318, EP 557 489, WO 97/12602, EP 1 151 741 or US 5 914 126.

  By way of example, the microspheres may be prepared according to the method described in the patent application EP 0 375 520.

  The nanospheres may be in the form of an aqueous suspension and be prepared according to the methods described in patent applications FR 0015686 and FR 0101438.

  Oleosomes consist of an oil-in-water emulsion formed by oily globules provided with a lamellar liquid crystal coating dispersed in an aqueous phase (see EP 0 641 557 and EP 0 705 593).

  The vasodilator of the composition according to the invention may also be encapsulated in nanocapsules consisting of a lamellar coating obtained from a silicone surfactant as described in document EP 0 780 115; the nanocapsules can also be prepared based on water-dispersible sulfonic polyesters according to, for example, the technique described in the patent application FR 0113337.

  Other vasodilator peptides (non-NO-releasers) It is possible to use in the composition of the invention a non-liberating NO vasodilator peptide such as the VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide) polypeptide as described in application EP 225 639 and whose synthesis is described in US Pat. No. 3,862,927. It is also possible to use CGRP or substance P (a decapeptide released by the nerve endings).

  Other vasodilators The vasodilator included in the composition according to the invention may be further selected from beta-hydroxyethyl-rutoside, trimethyl-rutoside; arnica extracts; nicotinic acid and its derivatives, such as nicotinic acid esters, for example xanthinol nicotinate, inositol nicotinate; salicylic acid; the dihydroergotoxin methanesulfonate; dihydro-ergocornin methanesulphonate, dihydroergocristine methanesulphonate, cinnarizine, vincamine, pentoxifylline, bamethane sulfate, bencyclane hydrogenofumarate, beta-pyridylcarbinol, Ginkgo flavoglycosides; extracts of Calendulae, hesperidin, alpha-G-hesperidin, and mixtures thereof.

  Preferably, the vasodilator is chosen from NO-releasing compounds, potassium channel agonists or NO itself.

  Preferably, in the composition of the invention, the vasodilator used is a liberator or a donor of NO selected from nitroglycerine, S-nitroso-N-acetyl penicillamine (SNAP), diethylenetriamine nonoate (DETA nonoate), S-nitrosothiols and SNAGs (nitrosated thiosugars), sinitrodil, N, N-dimethylhexanediamine (DHMD / NO), isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), trinitrin (GTN), isosorbide 5-mononitrate (IS5N) and arginine oligomers having from 2 to 30 amino acid units, and more preferably from 5 to 15 amino acid units.

  Advantageously, the vasodilator is arginine, lysine or an oligomer of arginine or lysine or NO.

  Natural amino acid The composition may contain, in combination with the aminexil, and optionally with one or more vasodilators as mentioned above, one or more natural amino acids which may be chosen from among basic amino acids such as arginine, lysine, histidine and non-polar natural amino acids such as glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine. In particular, the amino acid used is arginine, lysine or their mixture.

  The amino acid may be in the form of a monomer or oligomer comprising from 2 to 30 amino acids, for example from 5 to 20 amino acids and better still from 5 to 15 amino acids. It may be in the form of a homo-oligomer or an oligomer of several different amino acids (2 or 3).

  Arginase Inhibitors As an arginase inhibitor usable in the invention, the composition according to the invention may further comprise one or more arginase inhibitors, in combination with aminexil and optionally with one or more vasodilators. as mentioned above.

  As arginase inhibitors usable in the composition of the invention, mention may be made of: N-omega-hydroxy-nor-L-arginine (nor-NOHA), aminoborono- hexanoic acid (ABH), S-acid - (+) - amino-5iodoacetamidopentanoic, difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), lnorvaline, S- (2-boronoethyl) -L-cysteine.

  The complementary compounds active on the regrowth of keratinous fibers, in particular human fibers, may be used, in combination with aminexil, alone or as a mixture, in an amount ranging from 10-2% to 10% of the total weight of the composition and preferably in an amount representing from 10-2% to 5% of the total weight of the composition, for example from 0.5% to 2%.

  The composition of the invention may be for cosmetic or pharmaceutical use. Preferably, the composition of the invention is for cosmetic use. Also, the composition must contain a physiologically acceptable medium that is non-toxic and may be applied to the skin, including the scalp and eyelids, superficial body growths such as human keratin fibers. By "cosmetic" is meant in the sense of the invention a composition of appearance, smell and pleasant touch.

  Physiologically acceptable medium The composition according to the invention, depending on the nature of the vasodilators and / or arginase inhibitors, may be ingested or applied to the skin or keratinous fibers (on any cutaneous area or fibers to be treated). It can also be injected.

  For an oral route, the vasodilator is advantageously an amino acid and in particular arginine or polyarginine. The vasodilator (s) can be used orally in an amount of 0.1 to 300 mg per day, 5 to 10 mg / day.

  A preferred composition of the invention is a composition for cosmetic use and in particular for topical application to the skin and keratinous fibers, and more particularly to the scalp, hair, nails and eyelashes.

  This composition can be in any known galenic forms adapted to the mode of use.

  For topical application to the skin, including the scalp, the composition may have the form of an aqueous, alcoholic, hydroalcoholic or oily solution or suspension, an emulsion or dispersion of more or less fluid consistency and in particular liquid or semi-liquid, obtained by dispersion of a fatty phase in an aqueous phase (O / W) or conversely (W / O), of a dispersion or solid emulsion (O / W) or (W / O), of an aqueous gel, hydro-alcoholic or oily more or less fluid or solid, a free or compacted powder for use as such or to incorporate in a physiologically acceptable medium, or microcapsules or microparticles, vesicular dispersions ionic type and or nonionic.

  It is also possible to envisage a composition in the form of a foam or in the form of a spray or an aerosol then comprising a propellant under pressure.

  The composition can thus be in the form of a lotion, serum, milk, 40 W / W or W / O cream, gel, ointment, ointment, powder, balm, patch, soaked swab, soap, bread, mousse.

  In particular, the composition for application to the scalp or the hair may be in the form of a hair care lotion, for example a daily or bi-weekly application, a shampoo or a hair conditioner, especially for biweekly or weekly application, a liquid soap or solid daily application scalp cleansing, a hair shaping product (lacquer, product for setting hair, styling gel), a masking mask, a cream or a foaming gel for cleaning the hair. It can still be in the form of hair dye or mascara to be applied by brush or comb.

  Furthermore, for an application to the eyelashes or the hairs, the composition to which the invention applies may be in the form of a mascara, pigmented or not, to be applied with the brush on the eyelashes or on the eyelashes. beard or mustache hair.

  For an injection-use composition, the composition may be in the form of an aqueous lotion or an oily suspension, for example in the form of a serum. For oral use, the composition may be in the form of capsules, granules, oral syrups or tablets.

  According to a particular embodiment, the composition according to the invention is in the form of a hair cream or lotion, shampoo or hair conditioner, hair mascara or eyelash.

  The amounts of the various constituents of the physiological medium of the composition according to the invention are those generally used in the fields under consideration. In addition, these compositions are prepared according to the usual methods.

  When the composition is an emulsion, the proportion of the fatty phase may range from 2% to 80% by weight, and preferably from 5% to 50% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. The aqueous phase is adjusted according to the fatty phase content and the compound (s) (A) as well as that of any additional ingredients, to obtain 100% by weight. In practice, the aqueous phase represents from 5% to 99.9% by weight.

  The fatty phase may contain fatty or oily compounds which are liquid at ambient temperature (25 ° C.) and atmospheric pressure (760 mmHg), generally called oils. These oils may or may not be compatible with each other and form a macroscopically homogeneous liquid fatty phase or a two- or three-phase system.

  The fatty phase may, in addition to the oils, contain waxes, gums, lipophilic polymers, "pasty" or viscous products containing solid parts and liquid parts.

  The aqueous phase contains water and optionally a miscible ingredient in all proportion to water, such as lower C 1 to C 8 alcohols such as ethanol, isopropanol, polyols such as propylene glycol, glycerol, sorbitol or else acetone or ether.

  The emulsifiers and co-emulsifiers used to obtain a composition in emulsion form are those generally used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical fields. Their nature is, moreover, a function of the meaning of the emulsion. In practice, the emulsifier and optionally the co-emulsifier are present in the composition in a proportion ranging from 0.1% to 30% by weight, preferably from 0.5% to 20% by weight and better still from 1% to 8%. The emulsion may further contain lipid vesicles and in particular liposomes.

  When the composition is in the form of an oily solution or gel, the fatty phase may represent more than 90% of the total weight of the composition.

  Advantageously, the composition is an aqueous, alcoholic or hydro-alcoholic solution or suspension and better a water / ethanol solution or suspension. The alcoholic fraction can represent from 5% to 99.9% and better still from 8% to 80%.

  For a mascara application, the composition is a dispersion of water-ciredans or wax in oil, a gelled oil, an aqueous gel, pigmented or not. The Additional Ingredients of the Invention The composition of the invention may furthermore comprise other ingredients usually used in the relevant fields, chosen from solvents, thickeners or gelling agents of aqueous phase or of oily phase, dyestuffs soluble in the medium of the composition, solid particles of the fillers or pigments type, antioxidants, preservatives, perfumes, electrolytes, neutralizers, UV blocking agents such as sunscreens, film-forming polymers, cosmetic and pharmaceutical active agents with beneficial action for the skin or integuments and in particular keratinous fibers (such as vitamins), and mixtures thereof. These additives may be present in the composition according to the amounts generally used in the cosmetic and dermatological field and in particular in a proportion of from 0.01 to 50% of the total weight of the composition and better still from 0.1 to 20% and for example from 0 to , 1 to 10%. These adjuvants, depending on their nature, can be introduced into the fatty phase, into the aqueous phase and / or into the lipid vesicles and in particular liposomes.

  Of course, those skilled in the art will take care to choose the possible additional additives and / or their quantity in such a way that the advantageous properties of the composition according to the invention, in particular to know the increase in the density of the keratinous fibers, are not or substantially not, impaired by the addition contemplated.

  Suitable solvents for use in the invention include lower C2 to C8 alcohols such as ethanol, isopropanol, propylene glycol and some light cosmetic oils such as C6 to C16 alkanes.

  As oils that may be used in the invention, mention may be made of oils of mineral origin (vaseline oil, hydrogenated isoparaffin), oils of plant origin (liquid fraction of shea butter, sunflower oil, apricot oil, soya oil). alcohol or fatty acid), oils of animal origin (perhydrosqualene), synthetic oils (fatty acid esters, Purcellin oil), silicone oils (linear or cyclic polydimethylsiloxanes, phenyltrimethicones) and fluorinated oils (perfluoropolyethers) ). As waxes, mention may be made of silicone waxes, beeswax, candelilla wax, rice wax, carnauba wax, paraffin wax or polyethylene wax.

  As emulsifiers that can be used in the invention, mention may be made, for example, of glycerol stearate or laurate, sorbitol stearates or oleates, alkyl dimethiconecopolyol (with alkyl 8) and their mixtures for an W / O emulsion. It is also possible to use polyethylene glycol monostearate or monolaurate, polyoxyethylenated sorbitol stearate or oleate, dimethiconecopolyols and their mixtures for an O / W emulsion.

  As hydrophilic gelling agents that may be used in the invention, mention may be made of carboxyvinyl polymers (carbomer), acrylic copolymers such as acrylate / alkylacrylate copolymers, polyacrylamides, polysaccharides such as hydroxypropylcellulose, natural gums and clays, and, as lipophilic gelling agents, mention may be made of modified clays such as Bentones, metal salts of fatty acids such as aluminum stearates, hydrophobic treated silica, ethylcellulose, and mixtures thereof.

  The composition may contain an additional asset other than those mentioned above which may be hydrophilic and selected from protein or protein hydrolyzates, amino acids, polyols, urea, allantoin, sugars and sugar derivatives, water-soluble vitamins, plant extracts (those of Iridaceae or soya) and hydroxy acids (fruit acid, salicylic acid); or lipophilic and selected from retinol (vitamin A) and its derivatives including ester (retinol palmitate), tocopherol (vitamin E) and derivatives including ester (acetate or tocopherol palmitate), essential fatty acids, ceramides, essential oils, salicylic acid derivatives such as 5-n-octanoylsalicylic acid, esters of hydroxy acids, phospholipids such as lecithin, and mixtures thereof.

  According to a particular embodiment of the invention, one can associate with the previous association, at least one additional compound promoting regrowth and / or limiting hair loss. These additional compounds are chosen in particular from the lipoxygenase inhibitors as described in EP 0648488, the inhibitors of bradykinin described in EP 0845700, antiandrogens, cyclosporins and their analogues, antimicrobials and antifungals, anti-inflammatories, retinoids, and the like. , alone or in mixture.

  Useful anti-androgenic agents include, but are not limited to, steroidal or nonsteroidal 5α-reductase inhibitors, such as finasteride and the compounds described in US 5,167,779, cyprosterone acetate, azelaic acid, its salts and derivatives and the compounds described in US Pat. No. 5,480,913, flutamide, the compounds described in US Pat. Nos. 5,411,981, 5,565,467 and 4,910,226, as well as oxendolone, spironolactone, diethylstilbestrol and flutamide.

  The antimicrobial or antifungal compounds may be chosen from selenium derivatives, ketoconazole, octopirox, triclocarban, triclosan, pyrithione zinc, itraconazole, metronidazole, crotamiton or pyrethrinoids, asiatic acid, hinokitiol, mipirocin, tetracyclines, especially erythromycin and the compounds described in EP 0680745, clinycin hydrochloride, benzoyl or benzyl peroxide and minocycline and compounds belonging to the class of imidazoles such as econazole , ketoconazole or miconazole or their salts, nicotinic acid esters, including in particular tocopherol nicotinate, benzyl nicotinate and C1-C6 alkyl nicotinates such as methyl or hexyl nicotinates.

  Anti-inflammatory drugs may be selected from steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as glucocorticoids, corticosteroids (for example: hydrocortisone) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as glycyrrhetinic acid and abisabolol, benzydamine, and compounds described in EP 0770399, WO 94/06434 and FR 2268523.

  The retinoids may be chosen from retinoic acid, isotretinoin, acitretin and tazarotene.

  Other additional active compounds that promote the growth and / or limit the hair loss that may be used in the composition according to the invention include 6-0 - [(9Z, 12Z) -octadeca-9,12-dienoyl). ] hexapyranose, benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, phenol, cestradiol, chlorpheniramine maleate, chlorophyllin derivatives, cholesterol, cysteine, methionine, menthol, peppermint oil, calcium panthotenate, panthenol, resorcinol, protein kinase C activators, glycosidase inhibitors, glycosaminoglycanase inhibitors, pyroglutamic acid esters, hexosaccharide or acylhexosaccharic acids, substituted aryl ethenyls, N-acyl amino acids, flavonoids, ascomycin derivatives and analogs, histamine antagonists, saponins, proteoglycanase inhibitors, estrogen agonists and antagonists, pseudoterines cytokines and promoters of growth factors, inhibitors of IL-1 or IL-6, IL-10 promoters, TNF inhibitors, benzophenones and hydantoin; vitamins such as vitamin D, vitamin B12 analogues and panthotenol; triterpenes such as ursolic acid and the compounds described in US 5529769, US 5468888, US 5631282; antipruritic agents such as thenaldine, trimeprazine or cyproheptadine; hormones such as estriol or its analogues, thyroxine and its salts, progesterone; FP (F-type prostaglandin receptor) receptor agonists such as latanoprost, bimatoprost, travoprost, unoprostone; 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase inhibitors; their mixtures.

  It is also conceivable that the topical application composition, comprising aminexil and / or a vasodilator and / or an amino acid and / or an arginase inhibitor, is encapsulated and in particular in liposome form, such as in particular described in the document WO 94/22468. Thus, the liposome encapsulated compound can be delivered selectively to the hair follicle.

  The composition according to the invention can be applied to the alopecic areas of the scalp and hair of an individual, and possibly left in contact for several hours and possibly rinsed.

  For example, the composition can be applied in the evening to keep it in contact all night and possibly shampoo in the morning. These applications can be renewed daily for one or more months depending on the individual.

  Advantageously, in the method according to the invention, the areas to be treated of the scalp are applied between 5 and 500 μl of a solution or composition as defined above.

EXAMPLE

  EXAMPLE: Hair lotion - Aminexil 0.50 g - Arginine oligomer (7 monomer) 0.5 g - Propylene glycol 30.00 g - Ethyl alcohol 40.00 g Water qs 100.00 g This lotion is applied to the leather hairy, once or twice a day, at the rate of 1 ml lo per application, gently massaging the scalp to penetrate the active. The hair is then dried in the open air. This lotion helps reduce hair loss and promote their regrowth.

Claims (20)

  1. A composition for the care and / or treatment of particularly human keratinous fibers and / or the skin from which these fibers emerge containing, in a physiologically acceptable medium, the combination of aminexil with at least one vasodilator and / or at least one a natural amino acid and / or at least one arginase inhibitor.   io 2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the composition is a composition for topical application.   3. Composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is in the form of hair cream or lotion, shampoo or hair conditioner, mascara for the eyelashes or hair.   4. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is in the form of aqueous solution or suspension, alcoholic or aqueous-alcoholic.   5. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vasodilator is chosen from: nitric oxide (NO) liberators, potassium channel openers, calcium channel antagonists, alpha receptor blocking agents or beta-adrenergic, muscarinic acetylcholine receptor activators, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, stimulators of NOS synthesis and / or activity, guanylate cyclase stimulators, prostaglandins E and 1, endomorphins via p-opioid adenosine receptors, vasodilator peptides, thiazides, cGMP, their mixtures.   6. Composition according to rune preceding claims, characterized in that the vasodilator is selected from NO liberating compounds, potassium channel agonists or the NO itself.   7. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the amino acid is selected from basic amino acids and nonpolar amino acids.   8. Composition according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the vasodilator is a NO liberator selected from nitroglycerin, S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine (SNAP), diethylenetriamine nonoate (DETA nonoate), S -nitrosothiols and SNAGs (nitrosated thiosugars), sinitrodil, N, N-dimethylhexanediamine (DHMD / NO), isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), trinitrin (GTN), isosorbide 5-mononitrate (IS5N) and arginine oligomers having from 2 to 30 amino acid units, and more preferably from 5 to 15 amino acid units.   9. Composition according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the vasodilator is in molecular form and / or encapsulated in particle structures of size ranging from 1 nm to a few pm.   10. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vasodilator is arginine, lysine or an oligomer of arginine or lysine, NO.   11. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains other ingredients selected from solvents, thickeners or gelling agents of aqueous phase or oily phase, soluble dyestuffs in the medium of the composition, fillers, pigments, antioxidants, preservatives, perfumes, electrolytes, neutralizers, film-forming polymers, UV-blocking agents, cosmetic and pharmaceutical active agents with beneficial action for the skin or keratinous fibers, and mixtures thereof .   12. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains at least one additional compound promoting the regrowth and / or limiting the hair loss, chosen from 6-0 - [(9Z, 12Z) -octadeca -9,12-dienoyl] hexapyranose, lipoxygenase inhibitors, bradykinin inhibitors, antiandrogens, cyclosporins and their analogues, antimicrobials and antifungals, anti-inflammatories, retinoids, benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, phenol, estradiol, chlorpheniramine maleate, chlorophyllin derivatives, cholesterol, cysteine, methionine, menthol, peppermint oil, calcium panthotenate, panthenol, resorcinol, activators of Protein kinase C, glycosidase inhibitors, glycosaminoglycanase inhibitors, pyroglutamic acid esters, hexosaccharide or acylhexosaccharic acids, aryl ethylenes N-acyl amino acids, flavonoids, ascomycin derivatives and analogs, histamine antagonists, saponins, proteoglycanase inhibitors, estrogen agonists and antagonists, pseudoterines, cytokines and growth factor promoters, inhibitors of IL-1 or IL-6, IL-10 promoters, TNF inhibitors, benzophenones and hydantoin, vitamin D, vitamin B12 analogs and pantothenol, triterpenes, antipruritic agents, hormones, FP receptor agonists, hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.   13. Process for the cosmetic treatment of human keratinous fibers and / or the skin from which these fibers emerge, characterized in that it consists in applying to said skin and / or said fibers a cosmetic composition according to one of the preceding claims. , to leave it in contact with the fibers and / or the skin and possibly rinsing the fibers and / or the skin.   14. Process for the cosmetic treatment of human hair and / or scalp, with a view to improving their state and / or their appearance, characterized in that it consists in applying to the hair and / or the scalp a Cosmetic composition according to one of claims 1 to 12, to leave it in contact with the hair and / or the scalp, and possibly rinsing the hair and / or the scalp.   15. A cosmetic process for the care and / or makeup of human eyelashes, with a view to improving their state and / or their appearance, characterized in that it consists in applying to the eyelashes a mascara composition conforming to one of the Claims 1 to 12, to leave the latter in contact with the hair and / or the scalp.   16. Cosmetic use of the combination of aminexil with at least one vasodilator and / or at least one natural amino acid and / or at least one arginase inhibitor, in a cosmetic composition for the care and / or makeup of keratinous fibers to be human, as an agent for reducing the fall of keratinous fibers and / or increasing their density.   17. Use of the combination of aminexil with at least one vasodilator and / or at least one natural amino acid and / or at least one arginase inhibitor, for the preparation of a care composition and / or treatment of human keratinous fibers, intended to induce and / or stimulate the growth of keratinous fibers and / or to slow down their fall and / or increase their density.   18. Use according to one of claims 16 or 17, characterized in that the keratinous fibers are eyebrows, eyelashes, beard hair, mustache, pubic hair and nails.   19. Cosmetic use of the combination of aminexil with at least one vasodilator and / or at least one natural amino acid and / or at least one arginase inhibitor, in a hair cosmetic composition, as a care agent for the scalp and in particular as an anti-dandruff agent of the scalp, and / or scarring of the scalp and / or anti-greasing of human hair.   20. Use of the combination of aminexil with at least one vasodilator and / or at least one natural amino acid and / or at least one arginase inhibitor, for the manufacture of a composition intended to treat and / or limit the dandruff formation on the scalp and / or scarring of the scalp and / or treating and / or limiting the formation of fat on human hair.